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The Kruppel-associated box (KRAB) domain, originally identified as a 75-aa sequence present in numerous Kruppel-type zinc-finger proteins, is a potent DNA-binding-dependent transcriptional repression domain that is believed to function through interaction, Addresses: Chambon P, Coll France, ULP, INSERM, CNRS, Inst Genet & Biol Mol, BP163, F-67404 Strasbourg, France. Coll France, ULP, INSERM, CNRS, Inst Genet & Biol Mol, F-67404 Strasbourg, France. Biomed Ctr, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. U

cDNA clones encoding two novel human KRAB zinc finger proteins, HKr18 and HKr19, were isolated from a human testis cDNA library. Their corresponding genes were later identified in sequences originating from chromosomes 19 and 7, respectively. On the basis, Addresses: Hellman L, Biomed Ctr, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. Biomed Ctr, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.

Serine proteases are important granule constituents in several of the major hematopoietic cell lineages. We present here the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding mouse mast cell protease 8 (mMCP-8). mMCP-8 was initially isolated as a cDNA from a mouse, Addresses: Hellman L, Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, BMC, Box 596, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.

To study the emergence of the major subfamilies of serine proteases during vertebrate evolution, we present here the primary structure of four serine proteases expressed in the spleen of a monotreme, the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus. Partial cDNA clones for four serine proteases were isolated by a PCR-based strategy. This strategy is based on the high level of sequence identity between various members of the large gene family of trypsin-related serine proteases, over two highly conserved regions, those of the histidine and the serine of the catalytic triad. The partial cDNA clones were used to isolate full-length or almost full-length cDNA clones for three of these proteases from a platypus spleen cDNA library. By phylogenetic analysis, these three clones were identified as being the platypus homologues of human coagulation factor X, neutrophil elastase, and a protease distantly related to the T-cell granzymes. The remaining partial clone was found to represent a close homologue of human complement factor D (adipsin). The isolation of these four clones shows that several of the major subfamilies of serine proteases had evolved as separate subfamilies long before the radiation of the major mammalian lineages of today, the monotremes, the marsupials, and the placental mammals. Upon comparison of the corresponding proteases of monotremes and eutherian mammals, the coagulation and complement proteases were shown to display a higher degree of conservation compared to the hematopoietic proteases N-elastase and the T-cell granzymes. This latter finding indicates a higher evolutionary pressure to maintain specific functions in the complement and coagulation enzymes compared to many of the hematopoietic serine proteases., Addresses: Hellman L, Univ Uppsala, Biomed Ctr, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Box 596, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, Biomed Ctr, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Tasmania, Sch Biomed Sci, Launceston, Tas, Australia.

To study early events in mast cell/basophil development, the phenotype of a panel of murine cell lines at various stages of differentiation was determined. Based on the expression on various mast cell-specific proteases and several additional hematopoieti, Addresses: Hellman L, Univ Uppsala, BMC, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, BMC, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, Rudbeck Lab, Dept Genet & Pathol, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.

in mice infected with the non-lethal malaria parasite Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS, a prominent switch from a Th1 to a Th2 type of response occurs in CD4(+) T cells at the time of peak parasitemia or shortly thereafter (9-15 days after infection). This, Addresses: Hellman L, Univ Uppsala, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Uppsala, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Uppsala, Sweden. Stockholm Univ, Dept Immunol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

We present the cloning and structural analysis of a novel member of the large family of trypsin-related serine proteases. Northern blot analysis shows that this protease, in adult tissues, is expressed almost exclusively in the human testis. In addition, Addresses: Hellman L, Uppsala Univ, Biomed Ctr, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. Uppsala Univ, Biomed Ctr, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.