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1. A collinear shower algorithm for NSL non-singlet fragmentation

Author

van Beekveld, Melissa, Dasgupta, Mrinal, El-Menoufi, Basem Kamal, Helliwell, Jack, Monni, Pier Francesco, and Salam, Gavin P.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We formulate a collinear partonic shower algorithm that achieves next-to-single-logarithmic (NSL, $\alpha_s^n L^{n-1}$) accuracy for collinear-sensitive non-singlet fragmentation observables. This entails the development of an algorithm for nesting triple-collinear splitting functions. It also involves the inclusion of the one-loop double-collinear corrections, through a $z$-dependent NLO-accurate effective $1\to 2$ branching probability, using a formula that can be applied more generally also to future full showers with $1\to3$ splitting kernels. The specific NLO branching probability is calculated in two ways, one based on slicing, the other using a subtraction approach based on recent analytical calculations. We close with demonstrations of the shower's accuracy for non-singlet partonic fragmentation functions and the energy spectrum of small-$R$ quark jets. This work represents an important conceptual step towards general NNLL accuracy in parton showers., Comment: 22 pages (excluding appendices and references), 1 ancillary file

Published
2024

2. A new standard for the logarithmic accuracy of parton showers

Author

van Beekveld, Melissa, Dasgupta, Mrinal, El-Menoufi, Basem Kamal, Ravasio, Silvia Ferrario, Hamilton, Keith, Helliwell, Jack, Karlberg, Alexander, Monni, Pier Francesco, Salam, Gavin P., Scyboz, Ludovic, Soto-Ontoso, Alba, and Soyez, Gregory

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on a major milestone in the construction of logarithmically accurate final-state parton showers, achieving next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy for the wide class of observables known as event shapes. The key to this advance lies in the identification of the relation between critical NNLL analytic resummation ingredients and their parton-shower counterparts. Our analytic discussion is supplemented with numerical tests of the logarithmic accuracy of three shower variants for more than a dozen distinct event-shape observables in $Z \to q \bar q$ and Higgs $\to gg$ decays. The NNLL terms are phenomenologically sizeable, as illustrated in comparisons to data., Comment: 6 pages plus supplemental material; v2: matches the version published in Phys. Rev. Lett.; public code available as part of 0.2.0 release of PanScales, https://gitlab.com/panscales/panscales-0.X

Published
2024

3. Precursor Epithelial Subtypes of Adenocarcinoma Arising from Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (A-IPMN): Clinicopathological Features, Recurrence and Response to Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Author

Lucocq, James, Haugk, Beate, Parkinson, Daniel, Darne, Antony, Joseph, Nejo, Hawkyard, Jake, White, Steve, Mownah, Omar, Menon, Krishna, Furukawa, Takaki, Inoue, Yosuke, Hirose, Yuki, Sasahira, Naoki, Mittal, Anubhav, Samra, Jas, Sheen, Amy, Feretis, Michael, Balakrishnan, Anita, Ceresa, Carlo, Davidson, Brian, Pande, Rupaly, Dasari, Bobby V. M., Tanno, Lulu, Karavias, Dimitrios, Helliwell, Jack, Young, Alistair, Nunes, Quentin, Urbonas, Tomas, Silva, Michael, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, Barrie, Jenifer, Gomez, Dhanny, van Laarhoven, Stijn, Nawara, Hossam, Doyle, Joseph, Bhogal, Ricky, Harrison, Ewen, Roalso, Marcus, Ciprani, Deborah, Aroori, Somaiah, Ratnayake, Bathiya, Koea, Jonathan, Capurso, Gabriele, Bellotti, Ruben, Stättner, Stefan, Alsaoudi, Tareq, Bhardwaj, Neil, Jeffery, Fraser, Connor, Saxon, Cameron, Andrew, Jamieson, Nigel, Roberts, Keith, Soreide, Kjetil, Gill, Anthony J., and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay

Published
2024
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4. Two-loop anomalous dimensions for small-$R$ jet versus hadronic fragmentation functions

Author

van Beekveld, Melissa, Dasgupta, Mrinal, El-Menoufi, Basem Kamal, Helliwell, Jack, Karlberg, Alexander, and Monni, Pier Francesco

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We study the collinear fragmentation of highly energetic jets defined with a small jet radius. In particular, we investigate how the corresponding fragmentation functions differ from their hadronic counterpart defined in the common $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme. We find that the anomalous dimensions governing the perturbative evolution of the two fragmentation functions differ starting at the two loop order. We compute for the first time the new anomalous dimensions at two loops and confirm our predictions by comparing the inclusive small-$R$ jet spectrum against a fixed order perturbative calculation at ${\cal O}(\alpha_s^2)$. To investigate the dependence of the anomalous dimension on the kinematic cutoff variable, we study the fragmentation functions of Cambridge jets defined with a transverse momentum cutoff as opposed to an angular cutoff $R$. We further study the evolution of the small-$R$ fragmentation function with an alternative cutoff scale, proportional to $z R$, representing the maximum possible transverse momentum of emissions within a jet. In these cases we find that the two-loop anomalous dimensions coincide with the $\overline{\rm MS}$ DGLAP ones, highlighting a correspondence between the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme and a transverse-momentum cutoff., Comment: Journal version

Published
2024
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5. Introduction to the PanScales framework, version 0.1

Author

van Beekveld, Melissa, Dasgupta, Mrinal, El-Menoufi, Basem Kamal, Ravasio, Silvia Ferrario, Hamilton, Keith, Helliwell, Jack, Karlberg, Alexander, Medves, Rok, Monni, Pier Francesco, Salam, Gavin P., Scyboz, Ludovic, Soto-Ontoso, Alba, Soyez, Gregory, and Verheyen, Rob

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

In this article, we document version 0.1 of the PanScales code for parton shower simulations. With the help of a few examples, we discuss basic usage of the code, including tests of logarithmic accuracy of parton showers. We expose some of the numerical techniques underlying the logarithmic tests and include a description of how users can implement their own showers within the framework. Some of the simpler logarithmic tests can be performed in a few minutes on a modern laptop. As an early step towards phenomenology, we also outline some aspects of a preliminary interface to Pythia, for access to its hard matrix elements and its hadronisation modules., Comment: Code available from https://gitlab.com/panscales/panscales-0.X, 23 pages, 5 figures

Published
2023
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6. Collinear fragmentation at NNLL: generating functionals, groomed correlators and angularities

Author

van Beekveld, Melissa, Dasgupta, Mrinal, El-Menoufi, Basem Kamal, Helliwell, Jack, and Monni, Pier Francesco

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Jet calculus offers a unique mathematical technique to bridge the area of QCD resummation with Monte Carlo parton showers. With the ultimate goal of constructing next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) parton showers we study, using the language of generating functionals, the collinear fragmentation of final-state partons. In particular, we focus on the definition and calculation of the Sudakov form factor, which physically describes the no-emission probability in an ordered branching process. We review recent results for quark jets and compute the Sudakov form factor for the collinear fragmentation of gluon jets at NNLL. The NNLL corrections are encoded in a $z$ dependent two-loop anomalous dimension $B_2(z)$, with $z$ being a suitably defined longitudinal momentum fraction. This is obtained from the integration of the relevant $1\to 3$ collinear splitting kernels combined with the one-loop corrections to the $1\to 2$ counterpart. This work provides the missing ingredients to extend the methods of jet calculus in the collinear limit to NNLL and gives an important element of the next generation of NNLL parton shower algorithms. As an application we derive new NNLL results for both the fractional moments of energy-energy correlation $FC_x$ and the angularities $\lambda_x$ measured on mMDT/Soft-Drop ($\beta=0$) groomed jets., Comment: Added numerical checks at fixed-order

Published
2023

7. ASO Visual Abstract: Precursor Epithelial Subtypes of Adenocarcinoma Arising from Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms (A-IPMN)—Clinicopathological Features, Recurrence and Response to Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Author

Lucocq, James, Haugk, Beate, Parkinson, Daniel, Darne, Antony, Joseph, Nejo, Hawkyard, Jake, White, Steve, Mownah, Omar, Menon, Krishna, Furukawa, Takaki, Inoue, Yosuke, Hirose, Yuki, Sasahira, Naoki, Mittal, Anubhav, Samra, Jas, Sheen, Amy, Feretis, Michael, Balakrishnan, Anita, Ceresa, Carlo, Davidson, Brian, Pande, Rupaly, Dasari, Bobby V. M., Tanno, Lulu, Karavias, Dimitrios, Helliwell, Jack, Young, Alistair, Nunes, Quentin, Urbonas, Tomas, Silva, Michael, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, Barrie, Jenifer, Gomez, Dhanny, van Laarhoven, Stijn, Nawara, Hossam, Doyle, Joseph, Bhogal, Ricky, Harrison, Ewen, Roalso, Marcus, Ciprani, Deborah, Aroori, Somaiah, Ratnayake, Bathiya, Koea, Jonathan, Capurso, Gabriele, Bellotti, Ruben, Stättner, Stefan, Alsaoudi, Tareq, Bhardwaj, Neil, Jeffery, Fraser, Connor, Saxon, Cameron, Andrew, Jamieson, Nigel, Roberts, Keith, Soreide, Kjetil, Gill, Anthony J., and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay

Published
2024
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8. QCD resummation for groomed jet observables at NNLL+NLO

Author

Dasgupta, Mrinal, El-Menoufi, Basem Kamal, and Helliwell, Jack

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We use a direct QCD approach to carry out the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) resummation for observables groomed with the modified mass-drop tagger (Soft Drop $\beta=0$). We focus on observables which are additive given an arbitrary number of soft-collinear emissions. For this class of observables, we arrange the structure of the NNLL terms into two distinct categories. The first defines a simplified inclusive tagger, whereby the NNLL collinear structure is directly related to ungroomed observables. The second defines a clustering correction which takes a particularly simple form when the Cambridge-Aachen (C/A) algorithm is used to cluster the jets. We provide, in addition to the QCD resummation of groomed jet mass, the first NNLL resummed predictions, matched to NLO, for a range of groomed jet angularities with mMDT grooming. Moreover, we also include for the first time in the same calculation, finite $z_{\mathrm{cut}}$ effects computed at NLL level alongside the small $z_{\mathrm{cut}}$ NNLL results which simultaneously improves upon both of the calculations used for groomed jet mass phenomenological studies to date. While for simplicity we focus on $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions, the essential NNLL resummation we develop is process independent and hence with the appropriate NLO matching our results are also applicable for hadron collider phenomenology., Comment: 32 pages, 7 figures. Typographical error corrected in v2

Published
2022
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9. Invasive intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms (IOPN) and adenocarcimoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (A-IPMN) of the pancreas: comparative analysis of clinicopathological features, patterns of recurrence and survival: a multicentre study

Author

Lucocq, James, Haugk, Beate, Joseph, Nejo, Hawkyard, Jake, White, Steve, Mownah, Omar, Menon, Krishna, Furukawa, Takaki, Inoue, Yosuke, Hirose, Yuki, Sasahira, Naoki, Mittal, Anubhav, Samra, Jas, Sheen, Amy, Feretis, Michael, Balakrishnan, Anita, Ceresa, Carlo, Davidson, Brian, Pande, Rupaly, Dasari, Bobby V.M., Tanno, Lulu, Karavias, Dimitrios, Helliwell, Jack, Young, Alistair, Nunes, Quentin, Urbonas, Tomas, Silva, Michael, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, Barrie, Jenifer, Gomez, Dhanny, van Laarhoven, Stijn, Nawara, Hossam, Doyle, Joseph, Bhogal, Ricky, Harrison, Ewen, Roalso, Marcus, Zaharia, Claudia, Ciprani, Debora, Aroori, Somaiah, Ratnayake, Bathiya, Koea, Jonathan, Capurso, Gabriele, Bellotti, Ruben, Stättner, Stefan, Alsaoudi, Tareq, Bhardwaj, Neil, Jeffery, Fraser, Connor, Saxon, Cameron, Andrew, Jamieson, Nigel, Roberts, Keith, Soreide, Kjetil, Gill, Anthony J., and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay

Published
2024
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10. Predictors of long-term survival after resection of adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and derivation of a prognostic model: An international multicenter study (ADENO-IPMN study)

Author

Lucocq, James, Joseph, Nejo, Hawkyard, Jake, Haugk, Beate, White, Steve, Lye, Jonathan, Parkinson, Daniel, Mownah, Omar, Menon, Krishna, Furukawa, Takaki, Hirose, Yuki, Sasahira, Naoki, Inoue, Yosuke, Mittal, Anubhav, Samra, Jas, Sheen, Amy, Feretis, Michael, Balakrishnan, Anita, Ceresa, Carlo, Davidson, Brian, Pande, Rupaly, Dasari, Bobby, Roberts, Keith, Tanno, Lulu, Karavias, Dimitrios, Helliwell, Jack, Young, Alistair, Marks, Kate, Nunes, Quentin, Urbonas, Tomas, Silva, Michael, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, Barrie, Jenifer, Gomez, Dhanny, van Laarhoven, Stijn, Nawara, Hossam, Doyle, Joseph, Bhogal, Ricky, Harrison, Ewen, Roalso, Marcus, Ciprani, Debora, Aroori, Somaiah, Ratnayake, Bathiya, Koea, Jonathan, Capurso, Gabriele, Stättner, Stefan, Bellotti, Ruben, Alsaoudi, Tareq, Bhardwaj, Neil, Rajesh, Srujan, Jeffery, Fraser, Connor, Saxon, Cameron, Andrew, Jamieson, Nigel, Gill, Anthony, Soreide, Kjetil, and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay

Published
2024
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12. QCD resummation for TeV scale jet substructure

Author

Helliwell, Jack, Pilaftsis, Apostolos, and Dasgupta, Mrinal

Abstract

In this thesis we study aspects of jet substructure through first principles calculations in Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD). To begin with, a short introduction to QCD, paying particular attention to the soft and collinear limits, is presented, followed by a brief review of jet substructure. Following this review material, the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) structure of the groomed jet mass is investigated at second order in the strong cooupling. This is done by carrying out a next-to-leading-order calculation in the collinear limit of the heavy-hemisphere mass distribution, where each hemisphere has been groomed with the modified mass drop tagger (mMDT), starting from the the triple collinear splitting functions. This calculation sheds light to the relationship between the triple collinear splitting function and NNLL structure of collinear logarithms, which is important for efforts to include triple collinear splitting functions in parton showers . It also provides the insight needed to carry out the NNLL resummation for distributions of groomed observables, which is the subject of chapter 5. This has potential applications in precision studies of groomed observables at the LHC, or other collider. In chapter 6, we investigate a method for tagging boosted top quarks, using a combination of grooming, prong finding, and cutting on a jet shape, by carrying out resummed calculations for the tagged fraction of both signal and background jets. This allows us to understand, from first principles, the the interplay between the different steps involved in the tagging procedure.

Published
2022

13. Investigating top tagging with Y$_{\text{m}}$-Splitter and N-subjettiness

Author

Dasgupta, Mrinal and Helliwell, Jack

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We study top-tagging from an analytical QCD perspective focusing on the role of two key steps therein : a step to find three-pronged substructure and a step that places constraints on radiation. For the former we use a recently introduced modification of Y-Splitter, known as Y$_{\text{m}}$-Splitter, and for the latter we use the well-known N-subjettiness variable. We derive resummed results for this combination of variables for both signal jets and background jets, also including pre-grooming of the jet. Our results give new insight into the performance of top tagging tools in particular with regard to the role of the distinct steps involved.

Published
2021
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14. Risk of Recurrence After Surgical Resection for Adenocarcinoma Arising From Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasia (IPMN) With Patterns of Distribution and Treatment: An International, Multicenter, Observational Study (ADENO-IPMN Study)

Author

Lucocq, James, Hawkyard, Jake, Robertson, Francis P., Haugk, Beate, Lye, Jonathan, Parkinson, Daniel, White, Steve, Mownah, Omar, Zen, Yoh, Menon, Krishna, Furukawa, Takaaki, Inoue, Yosuke, Hirose, Yuki, Sasahira, Naoki, Feretis, Michael, Balakrishnan, Anita, Zelga, Piotr, Ceresa, Carlo, Davidson, Brian, Pande, Rupaly, Dasari, Bobby, Tanno, Lulu, Karavias, Dimitrios, Helliwell, Jack, Young, Alistair, Nunes, Quentin, Urbonas, Tomas, Silva, Michael, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, Barrie, Jenifer, Gomez, Dhanny, van Laarhoven, Stijn, Doyle, Joseph, Bhogal, Ricky, Harrison, Ewen, Roalso, Marcus, Ciprani, Debora, Aroori, Somaiah, Ratnayake, Bathiya, Koea, Jonathan, Capurso, Gabriele, Bellotti, Ruben, Stättner, Stefan, Alsaoudi, Tareq, Bhardwaj, Neil, Jeffery, Fraser, Connor, Saxon, Cameron, Andrew, Jamieson, Nigel, Sheen, Amy, Mittal, Anubhav, Samra, Jas, Gill, Anthony, Roberts, Keith, Soreide, Kjetil, and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay

Published
2024
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15. Long-term Outcomes following Resection of Adenocarcinoma Arising from Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (A-IPMN) versus Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): A Propensity-score Matched Analysis

Author

Lucocq, James, Halle-Smith, James, Haugk, Beate, Joseph, Nejo, Hawkyard, Jake, Lye, Jonathan, Parkinson, Daniel, White, Steve, Mownah, Omar, Zen, Yoh, Menon, Krishna, Furukawa, Takaki, Inoue, Yosuke, Hirose, Yuki, Sasahira, Naoki, Mittal, Anubhav, Samra, Jas, Sheen, Amy, Feretis, Michael, Balakrishnan, Anita, Ceresa, Carlo, Davidson, Brian, Pande, Rupaly, Dasari, Bobby V.M., Tanno, Lulu, Karavias, Dimitrios, Helliwell, Jack, Young, Alistair, Marks, Kate, Nunes, Quentin, Urbonas, Tomas, Silva, Michael, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, Barrie, Jenifer, Gomez, Dhanny, van Laarhoven, Stijn, Nawara, Hossam, Doyle, Joseph, Bhogal, Ricky, Harrison, Ewen, Roalso, Marcus, Ciprani, Debora, Aroori, Somaiah, Ratnayake, Bathiya, Koea, Jonathan, Capurso, Gabriele, Bellotti, Ruben, Stättner, Stefan, Alsaoudi, Tareq, Bhardwaj, Neil, Rajesh, Srujan, Jeffery, Fraser, Connor, Saxon, Cameron, Andrew, Jamieson, Nigel, Soreide, Kjetil, Gill, Anthony J., Roberts, Keith, and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay

Published
2024
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16. Groomed jet mass as a direct probe of collinear parton dynamics

Author

Anderle, Daniele, Dasgupta, Mrinal, El-Menoufi, Basem Kamal, Guzzi, Marco, and Helliwell, Jack

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We study the link between parton dynamics in the collinear limit and the logarithmically enhanced terms of the groomed jet mass distribution, for jets groomed with the modified mass-drop tagger (mMDT). While the leading-logarithmic (LL) result is linked to collinear evolution with leading-order splitting kernels, here we derive the NLL structure directly from triple-collinear splitting kernels. The calculation we present is a fixed-order calculation in the triple-collinear limit, independent of resummation ingredients and methods. It therefore constitutes a powerful cross-check of the NLL results previously derived using the SCET formalism and provides much of the insight needed for resummation within the traditional QCD approach., Comment: 25 pages, 2 figures, regular article (two column format)

Published
2020

18. Non‐invasive vagus nerve stimulation to reduce ileus after colorectal surgery: randomized feasibility trial and efficacy assessment (IDEAL Stage 2B).

Author

Chapman, Stephen J., Kowal, Mikolaj, Helliwell, Jack A., Lockwood, Sonia, Naylor, Maureen, Croft, Julie, Farley, Katherine, Stocken, Deborah D., and Jayne, David G.

Subjects
VAGUS nerve stimulation, MEDICAL personnel, PATIENT compliance, PROCTOLOGY, GASTROINTESTINAL surgery
Abstract

Aim: Ileus is characterized by a period of intestinal dysmotility after surgery, leading to vomiting and constipation. In preclinical models, vagus nerve stimulation reduces intestinal inflammation and prevents smooth muscle dysfunction, accelerating the return of gut function. This study explored the feasibility of a definitive trial of non‐invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) along with an early assessment of efficacy. Method: A multicentre, randomized feasibility trial (IDEAL Stage 2B) of self‐administered nVNS was performed. Patients undergoing colorectal surgery were randomized to nVNS or sham before and after surgery. Feasibility outcomes comprised assessments of recruitment, compliance, blinding and attrition. Clinical outcomes were measures of intestinal function and adverse events. All participants were followed up for 30 days. Interviews with patients and health professionals explored barriers to feasibility and perspectives around implementation. Results: In all, 125 patients were approached about the study and 97 (77.6%) took part. Across all randomized groups, the median compliance to treatment was 19 out of 20 stimulations (interquartile range 17–20). The incidence of adverse events was similar across groups. In this unpowered feasibility study, the time taken for the return of gut function (such as first passage of stool) was similar between nVNS and sham treatments. According to interviews, patients were highly motivated to use the device because it provided them with an opportunity to engage actively in their care. Health professionals were highly driven to tackle the problem of ileus. Conclusion: Powered assessments of clinical efficacy are required to confirm or refute the promise of nVNS, as already demonstrated in preclinical models. This feasibility study concludes that a definitive randomized assessment of the clinical benefits of nVNS is desired and feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Operative versus conservative management for inguinal hernia: a methodology scoping review of randomized controlled trials.

Author

Picciochi, Maria, Lee, Matthew J, Pathak, Samir, Banks, Jessica, Helliwell, Jack A, Chapman, Stephen J, Smart, Neil, Chalmers, Katy, Cousins, Sian, and Blencowe, Natalie

Subjects
INGUINAL hernia, ASYMPTOMATIC patients, WATCHFUL waiting, CLINICAL trials, RANDOMIZED controlled trials
Abstract

Introduction There is a lack of consensus on the management of inguinal hernia with limited symptoms. To address this issue a systematic review of existing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was performed to critically appraise all existing data on asymptomatic hernia management, focusing on generalizability. Methods A scoping review to identify all RCTs comparing surgical and conservative management of patients with inguinal hernias was undertaken. Medline, Embase, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched. Data collected included study characteristics and definitions of population, intervention/comparator, and outcomes; and limitations of each study were also extracted. The quality and generalizability of included RCTs were evaluated using Cochrane's ROB-2 and the PRECIS-2 tool, respectively. Results Searches returned 661 papers; 14 full-text papers were assessed and three RCTs were identified. All RCTs included only male patients with a mean age above 55 years. All RCTs included asymptomatic patients and two included those with minimal symptoms. Different definitions for 'minimally symptomatic' were used in RCTs and none provided details of what was meant by conservative treatment. Follow-up periods varied between studies (1, 2, 3 years). All RCTs had an overall high risk of bias. According to PRECIS-2, two RCTs were classified as pragmatic, and one was equally pragmatic and explanatory. Discussion This systematic review highlights a high risk of bias but a good generalizability of the findings from the RCTs conducted on minimally symptomatic inguinal hernia patients. To improve the guidelines for the management of this group of patients, more generalizable data are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Global trends in opioid use for pain management in acute pancreatitis: A multicentre prospective observational study

Author

Knoph, Cecilie Siggaard, Lucocq, James, Kamarajah, Sivesh Kathir, Olesen, Søren Schou, Jones, Michael, Samanta, Jayanta, Talukdar, Rupjyoti, Capurso, Gabriele, de‐Madaria, Enrique, Yadav, Dhiraj, Siriwardena, Ajith K., Windsor, John, Drewes, Asbjørn Mohr, Nayar, Manu, Cark, Neil, Pius, Riinu, Houghton, Eduardo, Gimenéz, Mariano, Uribe, Karla, Rodriguez, Florencia, Gundara, Justin, Mackay, Thomas, Phan, Huynh, Lewin, Joel, McElhatton, Claire, Siriwardhane, Mehan, Hodgson, Russell, Malik, Hassan, Ward, Ryan, Young, Kerilee, Bappayya, Shaneel, Loveday, Benjamin, Samra, Jaswinder, Gall, Tamara, Mittal, Anubhav, Chan, Ting Ting, Lo, Vincent Wing‐ho, Liang, Hui, Wang, Cong, Huang, Wei, Jin, Tao, Wu, Yongzi, Xia, Qing, Georgio, Nikolaou, Koronakis, Nikolaos, Davidsen, Line, Hamed, Emad, Mohamed, Salem, Demetrashvili, Zaza, Tvaladze, Ana, Kachakhidze, Irakli, Zurabashvili, Tea, Ioannidis, Orestis, Kapiris, Stylianos, Mavrodimitraki, Eleni, Sotiropoulou, Maria, Machairas, Nikolaos, Schizas, Dimitrios, Syllaios, Athanasios, Vailas, Michail, Chlorakis, Georgios, Kalaitzakis, Evangelos, Tsafaridou, Maria, Mulita, Francesk, Verras, Georgios‐Ioannis, Gupta, Amit, Rajput, Deepak, Sharma, Oshin, Goud, Rajesh, Unnisa, Misbah, Bains, Lovenish, Singh, Nishu, Dhar, Jahnvi, Abdelmoeti, Mahmoud, Súilleabháin, Criostóir Ó, O'Connell, Robert, Calabro, Marcello, La Terra, Antonio, Muretore, Andrea, Contul, Riccardo Brachet, Diotallevi, Margherita, Mascaro, Annamaria, Millo, Paolo, Biondo, Santino Antonio, Mazzeo, Carmelo, Cucinotta, Eugenio, Fleres, Francesco, Marinak, AOUG, Brocco, Veronica, Ceresoli, Marco, Rennis, Maria, Centonze, Danilo, Distefano, Coatanza, Veroux, Massimiliano, Zerbo, Domenico, Bogoni, Selene, Biloslavo, Alan, Bianchi, Velentina, Candelli, Marcello, Franceschi, Francesco, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Nista, Enrico, Sganga, Gabriele, Tropeano, Giuseppe, Policlinico, Fondazione, Altieri, Caterina, Dinuzzi, Vincenza, Marconi, Matteo, Rivolta, Umberto, Dameno, Vitale Roberto, Papa, Mario V., Balla, Andrea, Lepiane, Pasquale, Saraceno, Federica, Aiolfi, Alberto, Bona, Davide, Sozzi, Andrea, Cianci, Pasquale, Varesano, Marco, Conversano, Ivana, Abete, Roberta, D'Avino, Raffaele, Marra, Ester, Marte, Gianpaolo, Tammaro, Pasquale, Gobatti, Davide, Marmaggi, Serena, Palmieri, Francesco, Sampietro, Roberto, Manca, Roberto, Pilla, Federica, Piras, Enrico, Pignata, Giusto, Canfora, Ilaria, Andreuccetti, Jacopo, D'Alessio, Rossella, Armellin, Claudia, Grossi, Ugo, Massani, Marco, Pontin, Alessandro, Stecca, Tommaso, Pilia, Tiaizna, Pisanu, Adolfo, Podda, Mauro, Giuffrida, Mario, Perrone, Gennaro, Guadagni, Simone, Morelli, Luca, Frontali, Alice, Basurto, Francesca, D'Ugo, Stefano, Manoochehri, Farshad, Spampinato, Marcello, Apadula, Laura, Preatoni, Paoletta, Sartarelli, Lodovico, Al‐Jaiuossi, Osama, Ernisova, Mairam, Sopuev, Andrey, Sua, Bruce, Farfus, Anthony, Teo, Keith, Smith, Brittany, Ratnayake, Bathiya, Buchanan, Jayvee, Clark, Elinor, Connor, Saxon, Hore, Todd, Attari, Salman, Kadir, Bushra, Memon, Sadik, Abbas, Zaigham, Quadeer, Muhammad Ali, Altaf, Abeer, Ameet, Pooja, Devi, Jalpa, Seerani, Nandlal, Afzal, Ameer, Akbar, Ali, Asghar, Mohammad Sohail, Sa, Tiago, Barreira, Ana Lucia, Carvalho, Numo, Cismasiu, Brigitta, Henriques, Susana, Luiz, Francisco Vara, Draghici, Andreea, Grigorean, Valentin, Porojan, Vlad, Stoian, Alexandru‐Rares, Teaca, Lucia, Arbutina, Dragana, Cuk, Vladica, Kovacevic, Bojan, Mandic, Luka, Bonney, Glenn, Gao, Yujia, Pang, Ning Qi, Bellil, Abdalla, Devar, John, Khan, Zafar, Khumalo, Vusi, Smith, Martin, Estevez‐Fernandez, Sergio, Mosquera, Beatriz Romero, Rodriguez, Sergio, Garcia‐Rayado, Guillermo, Piñerua‐Gonsalvez, Jean Felix, Ruiz Rebollo, M Lourdes, Olmos, Jose M., Tejedor‐Tejada, Javier, Diez‐Alonso, Manuel, Matias‐Garcia, Belen, Moreno, Fernando Mendoza, Vera‐Mansilla, Cristina, Roses, Helena Salvador, Gómez, Diego Vázquez, Oballe, Juan Rodriguez, Jayarajah, Umesh, Nandasena, Malith, Pathirana, Aloka, Galal‐Eldin, Sami, Hajibandeh, Shahab, Hamid, Hytham, Colak, Elif, Sydorchuk, Larysa, Knut, Ruslan, Voronyuk, Ksenia, Chooklin, Serge, Baryskyi, Vitalii, Sydorchuk, Ruslan, Mukherjee, Samrat, Patel, Maitreyi, Akhtar, Amina, Asarbakhsh, Miriam, Nolan, Frances, Schuijtvlot, Nicholaas, Prem, Sandhya, Thrikandiyur, Anuradha, Morris, Millicent, Mroczek, Thomas, Sgourakis, George, Sultana, Asma, Varley, Rebecca, Groot‐Wassink, Thomas, Labinoti, Roland, Packham, Brett, Seebah, Keving, Allen, Sophie, Mokhtassi, Shiva, Belgaumkar, Ajay, De'Ath, Henry, Cook, Amy, Delaney, Christopher, Johnson, Roisin, Azibaodinami, Becky Olali, Sartini, Ashley, Stanfield, Mea, Tomasi, Ivan, Kanakala, Venkat, Mbarushimana, Simon, McKeever, Mark, Batilli, Mamata, Bhatta, Gakul, Rai, Subash, Bond‐smith, Giles, Elserafy, Amr, Shams, Mohamed, Al Saoudi, Tareq, Bhardwaj, Neil, Hussain, Wajith, Lancellotti, Francesco, Montagnini, Greta, Cairns, George, Hollyman, Marianne, Rakin, Asef, Shahid, Mishal, Barbour, Fraser, Hawkyard, Jake, McTeer, Matthew, Pandanaboyana, Sanjay, Taylor, Ellie, Kuzman, Matta, Dyer, Sarah, Hopkins, James, Pournaras, Dimitri, Sudlow, Alexis, Kumar, SK, Aujayeb, Avinash, Leo, Alex, Senra, Fatima Lorenzana, Watfah, Josef, Barrie, Jenifer, Brown, Chris, Gomez, Dhanny, Aroori, Somaiah, Ciprani, Debora, Karmarkar, Rahi, Almomani, Eyas, Roberts, Keith, Fale, Madeleine, Gupta, Ajay, Marsden, Max, Seet, Chris, Soni, Lakshya, Hamdan, Mohammed, Sadera, Rohan, Sud, Vikas, Chinnah, Edith, Di Mauro, Davide, Manzelli, Antonio, Orabi, Amira, Presa, Roberto, Reece‐Smith, Alex, Wajed, Shahjehan, Fingret, Jacob, Shah, Nehal, Jatania, Jignesh, Krishna, Arun, Berry, David, Kitsikosta, Loukiani, Helliwell, Jack, Huntley, Benjamin, Pine, James, Yau, Jih‐Dar, Lee, Shiela, Mahawar, Kamal, Shetty, Neehar, Britton, Emily, Shaw, Alice, Laarhoven, Stijn, Gahunia, Sukhpreet, Ortega, Miguel Gargia, Lee, Adam, Ng, Cho Ee, El Kafsi, Jihene, Mason, John, Vithlani, Gauri, Benhmida, Rami, Gunell, James, Parmar, Chetan, Dorkeh, Da‐Costa, Elnagar, Mohamed, Lee, Jih Ian, Nessa, Ashrafun, Yeap, Zhu Hui, Hemadasa, Niroshini, Javed, Saria, Sami, Sharuk, Damaskos, Dimitrios, Healey, Andrew, Soupashi, Maria, Triantafyllou, Tania, Coats, Maria, Douglass, Benjamin, Hendry, Brid, Hussain, Yasmin, Javid, Zhara, Mantyla, Mia, Rajkumar, Khaman, Chin, Carven, Hajibandeh, Shahab, Kumar, Nagappan, Gerogiannis, Ioannis, Kapsampelis, Panagiotis, Gerge, Farid, Anderson, Gulsum, Dinh, Vu, Phillips, Anna, Yadav, Dhiraj, and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay

Abstract

Since there is no current international consensus on the optimal approach for pain management in acute pancreatitis (AP), analgesic practices may vary across different healthcare settings. This study explored global disparities in analgesic use, in particular opioids, during admission and at discharge in hospitalised AP patients. This was a post hoc analysis of the prospective PAINAP database, which included all admissions for AP between April and June 2022 with a 1‐month follow‐up. Demographic details, analgesic use, and clinical outcomes were recorded during admission and at discharge. Odds ratios (ORs) for opioid use during admission and at discharge were identified using multivariable regression analyses. Amongst the 1864 patients (52% males, median age 56 (interquartile range, 41–71)) across three different continents, simple analgesics were predominantly used as the primary analgesic (70%). Opioid use during admission was lowest in European centres (67%). Admission in Asian (OR, 2.53 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.59–4.04), p< 0.001), and Australian (OR, 5.81 (95% CI, 3.19–10.56), p< 0.001) centres was associated with opioid administration during admission compared with European centres. Increased pain severity, longer pre‐admission pain duration, organ failure, and longer length of admission increased opioid use during admission. At discharge, Asian (OR, 2.01 (95% CI, 1.40–2.88), p< 0.001) and Australian (OR, 1.91 (95% CI, 1.28–2.85), p= 0.002) centres were associated with opioid prescription compared with European centres. Increased pain severity, longer pre‐admission pain duration, acute necrotic collections, and walled‐off necrosis also increased the likelihood of opioid prescription at discharge. There are substantial intercontinental differences in opioid use for AP pain. Accordingly, there is a need for international guidelines on pain management in AP.

Published
2024
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23. Two-loop anomalous dimensions for small-R jet versus hadronic fragmentation functions.

Author

van Beekveld, Melissa, Dasgupta, Mrinal, El-Menoufi, Basem Kamal, Helliwell, Jack, Karlberg, Alexander, and Monni, Pier Francesco

Abstract

We study the collinear fragmentation of highly energetic jets defined with a small jet radius. In particular, we investigate how the corresponding fragmentation functions differ from their hadronic counterpart defined in the common MS ¯ scheme. We find that the anomalous dimensions governing the perturbative evolution of the two fragmentation functions differ starting at the two loop order. We compute for the first time the new anomalous dimensions at two loops and confirm our predictions by comparing the inclusive small-R jet spectrum against a fixed order perturbative calculation at O ( α s 2 ). To investigate the dependence of the anomalous dimension on the kinematic cutoff variable, we study the fragmentation functions of Cambridge jets defined with a transverse momentum cutoff as opposed to an angular cutoff R. We further study the evolution of the small-R fragmentation function with an alternative cutoff scale, proportional to zR, representing the maximum possible transverse momentum of emissions within a jet. In these cases we find that the two-loop anomalous dimensions coincide with the MS ¯ DGLAP ones, highlighting a correspondence between the MS ¯ scheme and a transverse-momentum cutoff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Rapid evaluation of the implementation of a disinfectant spray in hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods qualitative study.

Author

Saman, Razan, primary, Pini, Simon, additional, Higham, Ruchi, additional, Helliwell, Jack, additional, Jayne, David, additional, Kowal, Mikolaj, additional, Lewthwaite, Penny, additional, Moriarty, Catherine, additional, Stocken, Deborah, additional, Young, Nicola, additional, Rousseau, Nikki, additional, and Quyn, Aaron, additional

Published
2023
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25. Recurrence, recurrence patterns and management of recurrence after resection for invasive IPMN: data from 466 consecutive patients from a multicentre international cohort study

Author

Robertson, Francis, primary, Lucocq, James, additional, Hawkyard, Jake, additional, Haugk, Beate, additional, Mownah, Omar, additional, Menon, Krishna, additional, Furukawa, Takaaki, additional, Inoue, Yosuke, additional, Hirose, Yuki, additional, Sasahira, Naoki, additional, Feretis, Michael, additional, Balakrishnan, Anita, additional, Teresa, Carlo, additional, Davidson, Brian, additional, Pande, Rupaly, additional, Dasari, Bobby, additional, Roberts, Keith, additional, Tanno, Lulu, additional, Karavias, Dimitrios, additional, Helliwell, Jack, additional, Young, Alistair, additional, Nunes, Quentin, additional, Urbonas, Thomas, additional, Silva, Michael, additional, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, additional, Barrie, Jenifer, additional, Gomez, Dhanny, additional, Vanlaarhoven, Stijn, additional, Doyle, Joseph, additional, Bhogal, Ricky, additional, Harrison, Ewen, additional, Soreide, Kjetil, additional, Roalso, Marcus, additional, Ciprani, Deborah, additional, Aroori, Somaiah, additional, Denson, Jemimah, additional, Ratnayake, Bathiya, additional, Koea, Jonathan, additional, Capurso, Gabrielle, additional, Stattner, Stefan, additional, Bellotti, Ruben, additional, Alsaoudi, Tareq, additional, Bhardwaj, Neil, additional, Rajesh, Srujan, additional, Jeffery, Fraser, additional, Connor, Saxon, additional, Cameron, Andrew, additional, Jamieson, Nigel, additional, Sheen, Amy, additional, Mittal, Anubhav, additional, Samara, Jas, additional, Gill, Anthony, additional, and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay, additional

Published
2023
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26. Adjuvant chemotherapy does not impact on survival outcomes after resection for Invasive IPMN: data from 466 consecutive patients from an international multicentre cohort study

Author

Robertson, Francis, primary, Lucocq, James, additional, Hawkyard, Jake, additional, Hague, Beate, additional, Mownah, Omar, additional, Menon, Krishna, additional, Furukawa, Takaaki, additional, Inoue, Yosuke, additional, Hirose, Yuki, additional, Sasahira, Naoki, additional, Feretis, Michael, additional, Balakrishnan, Anita, additional, Ceresa, Carlo, additional, Davidson, Brian, additional, Pande, Rupaly, additional, Dasri, Bobby, additional, Roberts, Keith, additional, Tanno, Lulu, additional, Karavias, Dimitrios, additional, Helliwell, Jack, additional, Young, Alistair, additional, Nunes, Quentin, additional, Urbonas, Tomas, additional, Silva, Michael, additional, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, additional, Barrie, Jenifer, additional, Gomez, Dhanny, additional, Vanlaarhoven, Stijn, additional, Doyle, Joseph, additional, Bhogal, Ricky, additional, Harrison, Ewen, additional, Soreide, Kjetil, additional, Roalso, Marcus, additional, Ciprani, Deborah, additional, Aroori, Somaiah, additional, Denson, Jemimah, additional, Ratnayake, Bathiya, additional, Koea, Jonathan, additional, Capurso, Gabriele, additional, Stattner, Stefan, additional, Bellotti, Ruben, additional, Alsoudi, Tareq, additional, Bhardwaj, Neil, additional, Rajesh, Srujan, additional, Jeffery, Fraser, additional, Connor, Saxon, additional, Cameron, Andrew, additional, Jamieson, Nigel, additional, Sheen, Amy, additional, Mittal, Anubhav, additional, Samra, Jas, additional, Gill, Anthony, additional, and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay, additional

Published
2023
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27. Risk of Recurrence after Surgical Resection for Adenocarcinoma Arising from Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasia (IPMN) with Patterns of Distribution and Treatment

Author

Lucocq, James, primary, Hawkyard, Jake, additional, Robertson, Francis P., additional, Haugk, Beate, additional, Lye, Jonathan, additional, Parkinson, Daniel, additional, White, Steve, additional, Mownah, Omar, additional, Zen, Yoh, additional, Menon, Krishna, additional, Furukawa, Takaaki, additional, Inoue, Yosuke, additional, Hirose, Yuki, additional, Sasahira, Naoki, additional, Feretis, Michael, additional, Balakrishnan, Anita, additional, Zelga, Piotr, additional, Ceresa, Carlo, additional, Davidson, Brian, additional, Pande, Rupaly, additional, Dasari, Bobby, additional, Tanno, Lulu, additional, Karavias, Dimitrios, additional, Helliwell, Jack, additional, Young, Alistair, additional, Nunes, Quentin, additional, Urbonas, Tomas, additional, Silva, Michael, additional, Gordon-Weeks, Alex, additional, Barrie, Jenifer, additional, Gomez, Dhanny, additional, van Laarhoven, Stijn, additional, Doyle, Joseph, additional, Bhogal, Ricky, additional, Harrison, Ewen, additional, Roalso, Marcus, additional, Ciprani, Debora, additional, Aroori, Somaiah, additional, Ratnayake, Bathiya, additional, Koea, Jonathan, additional, Capurso, Gabriele, additional, Bellotti, Ruben, additional, Stättner, Stefan, additional, Alsaoudi, Tareq, additional, Bhardwaj, Neil, additional, Jeffery, Fraser, additional, Connor, Saxon, additional, Cameron, Andrew, additional, Jamieson, Nigel, additional, Sheen, Amy, additional, Mittal, Anubhav, additional, Samra, Jas, additional, Gill, Anthony, additional, Roberts, Keith, additional, Soreide, Kjetil, additional, and Pandanaboyana, Sanjay, additional

Published
2023
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28. Adjuvant chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia: multicentre ADENO-IPMN study.

Author

Lucocq, James, Hawkyard, Jake, Haugk, Beate, Mownah, Omar, Menon, Krishna, Furukawa, Takaki, Inoue, Yosuke, Hirose, Yuki, Sasahira, Naoki, Feretis, Michael, Balakrishnan, Anita, Ceresa, Carlo, Davidson, Brian, Pande, Rupaly, Dasari, Bobby, Tanno, Lulu, Karavias, Dimitrios, Helliwell, Jack, Young, Alistair, and Nunes, Quentin

Subjects
ADJUVANT chemotherapy, PROPENSITY score matching, TUMORS, ADENOCARCINOMA, OVERALL survival
Abstract

Background: The clinical impact of adjuvant chemotherapy after resection for adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia is unclear. The aim of this study was to identify factors related to receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy and its impact on recurrence and survival. Methods: This was a multicentre retrospective study of patients undergoing pancreatic resection for adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia between January 2010 and December 2020 at 18 centres. Recurrence and survival outcomes for patients who did and did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy were compared using propensity score matching. Results: Of 459 patients who underwent pancreatic resection, 275 (59.9%) received adjuvant chemotherapy (gemcitabine 51.3%, gemcitabine–capecitabine 21.8%, FOLFIRINOX 8.0%, other 18.9%). Median follow-up was 78 months. The overall recurrence rate was 45.5% and the median time to recurrence was 33 months. In univariable analysis in the matched cohort, adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with reduced overall (P = 0.713), locoregional (P = 0.283) or systemic (P = 0.592) recurrence, disease-free survival (P = 0.284) or overall survival (P = 0.455). Adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with reduced site-specific recurrence. In multivariable analysis, there was no association between adjuvant chemotherapy and overall recurrence (HR 0.89, 95% c.i. 0.57 to 1.40), disease-free survival (HR 0.86, 0.59 to 1.30) or overall survival (HR 0.77, 0.50 to 1.20). Adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with reduced recurrence in any high-risk subgroup (for example, lymph node-positive, higher AJCC stage, poor differentiation). No particular chemotherapy regimen resulted in superior outcomes. Conclusion: Chemotherapy following resection of adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia does not appear to influence recurrence rates, recurrence patterns or survival. The present study aimed to identify factors related to receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy, the type, and its impact on recurrence, site-specific recurrence, and survival in a large international cohort of patients who underwent resection for adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMN). Based on the contemporary data, adjuvant chemotherapy after pancreatic resection for adenocarcinoma arising from IPMN does not appear to influence recurrence rates, recurrence patterns or long-term survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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29. A core outcome set for clinical studies of adhesive small bowel obstruction

Author

Lee, Matthew J., Chapman, Stephen J., Blackwell, Sue, Arnott, Robert, ten Broek, Richard P. G., Delaney, Conor P., Dudi‐Venkata, Nagendra N., Fish, Rebecca, Hind, Daniel, Jayne, David G., Mellor, Katie, Mishra, Anurag, O’Grady, Greg, Sammour, Tarik, Thorpe, Gabrielle, Wells, Cameron I., Wolthuis, Albert M., Fearnhead, Nicola S., Adegbola, Samuel, Ananth, Sachin, Bagaglini, Giulia, Beamish, Andrew, Bibby, Neil, Blencowe, Natalie S., Brown, Leo R., Bulte, Joris P., Carver, Julie, Challand, Christopher P., Chan, Shirley, Chisholm, Lindsey, Clerc, Daniel, Coe, Peter O., Cox, Daniel, Culkin, Alison, Daniels, Sarah, Dawidziuk, Aleksander, Dawson, Amanda, Drake, Thomas M., Drayton, Daniel J., Duff, Sarah, Espin‐Basany, Eloy, Evans, Martin D., Fakhrul‐Aldeen, Mohammed, Fisher, Nigel, Fleetwood‐Beresford, Sahara, Forshaw, Suzannah, Gani, Jon, Haddon, Sandra, Han, Jennie, Helliwell, Jack, Herrod, Philip, Hollyman, Marianne, Hopkins, James, Juloski, Jovan, Keane, Celia, Lam, Yick Ho, Love, Lisa, Lynch, Aoife, Major, Giles, Maw, Andrew, McDermott, Frank, McVeigh, Jamie, Mehraj, Asif, Millan, Monica, Mohan, Helen, Moug, Susan, Naylor, Maureen, Parnell, Richard, Pata, Francesco, Peckham‐Cooper, Adam, Pellino, Gianluca, Pockney, Peter, Proctor, Victoria K., Rajagopalan, Arjun, Robinson, Jonathan, Rutegård, Martin, Saha, Arin, Sahnan, Kapil, Sayers, Adele E., Siragusa, Leandro, Smart, Neil J., Swain, David, Thompson, Julie, Tutty, Linda, Vaughan‐Shaw, Peter G., Vinci, Danilo, Vissapragada, Ravi, Wheelband, Katharine R., Williams, Annabelle, Younis, Mohammed U., Group, Tripartite Gastrointestinal Recovery SBO, Lee, Matthew J., Chapman, Stephen J., Blackwell, Sue, Arnott, Robert, ten Broek, Richard P. G., Delaney, Conor P., Dudi‐venkata, Nagendra N., Fish, Rebecca, Hind, Daniel, Jayne, David G., Mellor, Katie, Mishra, Anurag, O’Grady, Greg, Sammour, Tarik, Thorpe, Gabrielle, Wells, Cameron I., Wolthuis, Albert M., Fearnhead, Nicola S., Adegbola, Samuel, Ananth, Sachin, Bagaglini, Giulia, Beamish, Andrew, Bibby, Neil, Blencowe, Natalie S., Brown, Leo R., Bulte, Joris P., Carver, Julie, Challand, Christopher P., Chan, Shirley, Chisholm, Lindsey, Clerc, Daniel, Coe, Peter O., Cox, Daniel, Culkin, Alison, Daniels, Sarah, Dawidziuk, Aleksander, Dawson, Amanda, Drake, Thomas M., Drayton, Daniel J., Duff, Sarah, Espin‐basany, Eloy, Evans, Martin D., Fakhrul‐aldeen, Mohammed, Fisher, Nigel, Fleetwood‐beresford, Sahara, Forshaw, Suzannah, Gani, Jon, Haddon, Sandra, Han, Jennie, Helliwell, Jack, Herrod, Philip, Hollyman, Marianne, Hopkins, Jame, Juloski, Jovan, Keane, Celia, Lam, Yick Ho, Love, Lisa, Lynch, Aoife, Major, Gile, Maw, Andrew, Mcdermott, Frank, Mcveigh, Jamie, Mehraj, Asif, Millan, Monica, Mohan, Helen, Moug, Susan, Naylor, Maureen, Parnell, Richard, Pata, Francesco, Peckham‐cooper, Adam, Pellino, Gianluca, Pockney, Peter, Proctor, Victoria K., Rajagopalan, Arjun, Robinson, Jonathan, Rutegård, Martin, Saha, Arin, Sahnan, Kapil, Sayers, Adele E., Siragusa, Leandro, Smart, Neil J., Swain, David, Thompson, Julie, Tutty, Linda, Vaughan‐shaw, Peter G., Vinci, Danilo, Vissapragada, Ravi, Wheelband, Katharine R., Williams, Annabelle, and Younis, Mohammed U.

Subjects
Consensus, perioperative care, Delphi Technique, Gastroenterology, Adhesive, Consensu, core outcome set, adhesion, Treatment Outcome, Research Design, Adhesives, Surveys and Questionnaires, small bowel obstruction, gastrointestinal recovery, Humans, Surveys and Questionnaire, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Human
Abstract

Aim Adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) is a common surgical emergency condition. Research in the field is plentiful; however, inconsistency in outcome reporting makes comparisons challenging. The aim of this study was to define a core outcome set (COS) for studies of ASBO. Methods The long list of outcomes was identified through systematic review, and focus groups across different geographical regions. A modified Delphi consensus exercise of three rounds was undertaken with stakeholder groups (patients and clinicians). Items were rated on a 9-point Likert scale. Items exceeding 70% rating at 7–9 were passed to the consensus meeting. New item proposals were invited in round 1. Individualised feedback on prior voting compared to other participants was provided. An international consensus meeting was convened to ratify the final COS. Results In round 1, 56 items were rated by 118 respondents. A total of 18 items reached consensus, and respondents proposed an additional 10 items. Round 2 was completed by 90 respondents, and nine items achieved consensus. In round 3, 80 surveys were completed; one item achieved consensus, and five borderline items were identified. The final COS included 26 outcomes, mapped to the following domains: Interventions, need for stoma, septic complications, return of gut function, patient reported outcomes, and recurrence of obstruction, as well as mortality, failure to rescue, and time to resolution. Conclusion This COS should be used in future studies in the treatment of adhesive SBO. Further studies to define a core measurement set are needed to identify the optimum tools to measure each outcome.

Published
2023
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36. Transparency in surgical randomised controlled trials: cross-sectional, observational study

Author

Helliwell, Jack A, Shelton, Bryony, Mahmood, Humza, Blanco-Colino, Ruth, Fitzgerald, J Edward, Harrison, Ewen, Bhangu, Aneel, and Chapman, Stephen

Abstract

Objective To explore transparency in surgical randomised controlled trials with respect to trial registration, disclosure of funding sources, conflicts of interest, and data sharing.Design Cross sectional review of published randomised controlled trials.Setting Surgical randomised controlled trials involving human participants undergoing any kind of invasive surgery Data sources Ten high impact journals were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials, published in the years 2009, 2012, 2015, and 2018. Data was extracted following manual inspection of manuscripts. Main outcome measure Four domains of transparency were explored. These included trial registration on a public-accessible database, presence of a funding statement, presence of a conflict of interest statement, and presence of a statement relating to data sharing.Results Of 611 published trials, 475 were eligible for analysis. Three-hundred and ninety-seven (83.6%) were registered, of which 190 (47.9%) were done prospectively. Compliance to prospective registration increased over time (26.0% in 2009, 33.0% in 2012, 53.5% in 2015, and 72.7% in 2018). Funding statements were provided in 55%, 65%, 69.4%, and 75.4% of manuscripts, respectively. Conflicts of interest statements were provided in 49.5%, 89.1%, 94.6%, and 98.3% of manuscript, respectively. Data sharing statements were present in only 15 (3.2%) RCTs. Eleven of these were in studies published most recently in 2018. Conclusion Trial registration, presence of funding statements, and disclosure of personal conflicts in surgical RCTs have improved rapidly over the last 10 years. In contrast, disclosure of data sharing plans is exceptionally low. This may contribute to research waste and represents an essential target for improvement. Strengths and limitations of this studyStrengths:• Surgical RCTs published between 2008-2018 were considered in this study, which permitted an assessment of transparency over time. Limitations:• Included RCTs were from a sample of high impact surgical and general medical journals, which restricts the generalisability of findings across a broader population• The study considered author-reported statements of funding, conflicts, and data sharing, which may introduce bias or inaccuracies due to self-reporting.

Published
2020
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41. Investigating top tagging with Ym-Splitter and N-subjettiness.

Author

Dasgupta, Mrinal and Helliwell, Jack

Subjects
QUANTUM chromodynamics, RADIATION, PHENOMENOLOGY
Abstract

We study top-tagging from an analytical QCD perspective focussing on the role of two key steps therein: a step to find three-pronged substructure and a step that places constraints on radiation. For the former we use a recently introduced modification of Y-Splitter, known as Ym-Splitter, and for the latter we use the well-known N-subjettiness variable. We derive resummed results for this combination of variables for both signal jets and background jets, also including pre-grooming of the jet. Our results give new insight into the performance of top tagging tools in particular with regard to the role of the distinct steps involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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44. Development and characterisation of a low-concentration sodium dodecyl sulphate decellularised porcine dermis.

Author

Helliwell, Jack A., Thomas, Daniel S., Papathanasiou, Vaia, Homer-Vanniasinkam, Shervanthi, Desai, Amisha, Jennings, Louise M., Rooney, Paul, Kearney, John N., and Ingham, Eileen

Subjects
*DERMIS, *SODIUM dodecyl sulfate, *LABORATORY swine, *IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY, *CELL-mediated cytotoxicity, *PROTEINASES, *PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

The aim of this study was to adapt a proprietary decellularisation process for human dermis for use with porcine skin. Porcine skin was subject to: sodium chloride (1 M) to detach the epidermis, trypsin paste to remove hair follicles, peracetic acid (0.1% v/v) disinfection, washed in hypotonic buffer and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulphate in the presence of proteinase inhibitors followed by nuclease treatment. Cellular porcine skin, decellularised porcine and human dermis were compared using histology, immunohistochemistry, GSL-1 lectin (alpha-gal epitope) staining, biochemical assays, uniaxial tensile and in vitro cytotoxicity tests. There was no microscopic evidence of cells in decellularised porcine dermis. DNA content was reduced by 98.2% compared to cellular porcine skin. There were no significant differences in the biomechanical parameters studied or evidence of cytotoxicity. The decellularised porcine dermis retained residual alpha-gal epitope. Basement membrane collagen IV immunostaining was lost following decellularisation; however, laminin staining was retained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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