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Objective: : The current study examined stop consonant production in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CP ± L) 2-6 months following palatal surgery. Design: : Prospective comparative study. Setting: : Multisite institutional. Participants: : Participants included 113 children with repaired CP ± L (mean age = 16 months) who were participating in the multicenter CORNET study. Procedures: Parents of participants were asked to record approximately two hours of their child's vocalizations/words at home using a Language ENvironmental Analysis (LENATM) recorder. Four ten-minute audio-recorded samples of vocalizations were extracted from the original recording for each participant and analyzed for presence of oral stop consonants. A minimum of 100 vocalizations were required for analysis. Results: : Preliminary findings indicate that at least one oral stop was evident in the consonant inventory for 95 of the 113 children (84%) at the time of their post-surgery 16-month recording, and 80 of these children (71%) were producing two or more different stops. Approximately 50% of the children (57/113) produced the three voiced stops, and eight of the children (7%) were producing all six stop consonants. Conclusions: : The findings of this study suggest that the majority of children with repaired CP ± L from English-speaking homes are producing oral stops within six months following palatal surgery. Similar to same-age children without CL ± P, voiced stops were more frequently evident in the children's inventories than voiceless stops. In contrast to findings of previous reports suggesting place of articulation differences, a somewhat comparable percentage of children in this study produced voiced bilabial, alveolar, and velar stops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous investigations have demonstrated that naturalistic listening in real time (NLRT) can be used reliability to assess prelinguistic vocalizations and is less time-consuming than phonetic transcription. The current investigation was performed to examine the correspondence of syllable and consonant information obtained using a modified naturalistic listening in real time (NLRT) methodology compared to broad phonetic transcription for 20 toddlers with repaired cleft palate. A forty-minute vocalization sample was obtained for each toddler. Two listeners listened to each recording independently and coded the number of syllables and consonant types produced by each toddler using NLRT. Each recording was phonetically transcribed by each listener 2 to 16 months following the NLRT analysis. High reliability was evident between the modified NSRT method and phonetic transcription for identification of both syllables and consonants. Differences were evident in the actual number of syllables and consonants identified between the two types of assessment across the 20 participants. Possible explanations for those differences are addressed. The results of this investigation indicate that the modified NLRT procedure is a reliable method for determining consonant/inventories of young children. It is less labor intensive than traditional phonetic transcription and may be useful clinically when documentation of early sound development is needed to support early intervention decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study examined stop consonant production in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CP ± L) 2-6 months following palatal surgery., Prospective comparative study., Multisite institutional., Participants included 113 children with repaired CP ± L (mean age = 16 months) who were participating in the multicenter CORNET study., Parents of participants were asked to record approximately two hours of their child's vocalizations/words at home using a Language ENvironmental Analysis (LENA TM ) recorder. Four ten-minute audio-recorded samples of vocalizations were extracted from the original recording for each participant and analyzed for presence of oral stop consonants. A minimum of 100 vocalizations were required for analysis., Preliminary findings indicate that at least one oral stop was evident in the consonant inventory for 95 of the 113 children (84%) at the time of their post-surgery 16-month recording, and 80 of these children (71%) were producing two or more different stops. Approximately 50% of the children (57/113) produced the three voiced stops, and eight of the children (7%) were producing all six stop consonants., The findings of this study suggest that the majority of children with repaired CP ± L from English-speaking homes are producing oral stops within six months following palatal surgery. Similar to same-age children without CL ± P, voiced stops were more frequently evident in the children's inventories than voiceless stops. In contrast to findings of previous reports suggesting place of articulation differences, a somewhat comparable percentage of children in this study produced voiced bilabial, alveolar, and velar stops., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.