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Research on judgment and decision making typically studies "small worlds"-highly simplified and stylized tasks such as monetary gambles-among homogenous populations rather than big real-life decisions made by people around the globe. These transformative life decisions (e.g., whether or not to emigrate or flee a country, disclose one's sexual orientation, get divorced, or report a sexual assault) can shape lives. This article argues that rather than reducing such consequential decisions to fit small-world models, researchers need to analyze their real-world properties. Drawing on principles of bounded and ecological rationality, it proposes a framework that identifies five dimensions of transformative life decisions: conflicting cues, change of self, uncertain experiential value, irreversibility, and risk. The framework also specifies simple, versatile choice strategies that address these dimensions by, for instance, breaking down a decision into steps, avoiding trade-offs between present and future selves, or sampling others' experiences. Finally, it suggests benchmarks for assessing the rationality of transformative life decisions. Methodologically, this framework adapts a long tradition of mainly lab-based judgment and decision-making research to a text-based approach, thereby setting the stage for empirical work that analyzes real-world decisions using natural-language processing. Only by understanding decisions with the potential to transform life trajectories-and people in the process-will it be possible to develop encompassing and inclusive theories of human decision making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Collective intelligence underpins the success of groups, organizations, markets and societies. Through distributed cognition and coordination, collectives can achieve outcomes that exceed the capabilities of individuals-even experts-resulting in improved accuracy and novel capabilities. Often, collective intelligence is supported by information technology, such as online prediction markets that elicit the 'wisdom of crowds', online forums that structure collective deliberation or digital platforms that crowdsource knowledge from the public. Large language models, however, are transforming how information is aggregated, accessed and transmitted online. Here we focus on the unique opportunities and challenges this transformation poses for collective intelligence. We bring together interdisciplinary perspectives from industry and academia to identify potential benefits, risks, policy-relevant considerations and open research questions, culminating in a call for a closer examination of how large language models affect humans' ability to collectively tackle complex problems., (© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.)

Dysfunctional career decision-making beliefs can impede individuals' ability to make career decisions. The present research focused on evaluating the effectiveness of a group intervention aimed at facilitating the transition to civilian life of 1,194 young adults before discharge from military service using multivariate multilevel analysis. The results showed gender differences in the strength of dysfunctional career decision-making beliefs, as well as in the workshop's effectiveness in reducing them. Before the workshop men reported stronger dysfunctional beliefs than women that involved chance or fate (β = .22) and perceived gender constraints (β = .47). The workshop had a greater effect on women than on men (β = 0.16) in reducing all five types of belief, especially those involving the criticality of the decision (β = 0.20) and perceived gender constraints (β = 0.22). The effectiveness of the workshop in reducing gender-related dysfunctional beliefs varied-it was greater for participants whose gender differed from that of their group facilitator. Implications for theory, future research, and counseling are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).