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Financial Technology or what is so-called “Fintech” is one of the prominent sectors that have been introduced by the Fourth Industrial Revolution at the beginning of the second millennium. The Fintech sector is providing a variety of innovative digitized financial activities in the aims of improving and facilitating traditional financial services as they are often faster, cheaper, easier to access. The rise and development of Fintech sector in today’s world is playing a crucial role in increasing the financial inclusion levels among individuals as well as among businesses, especially the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Higher financial exclusion has a major negative impact on poverty and income distribution in societies. About 2.5 billion people and over 200 million businesses are still excluded from the formal financial system which is restraining economic growth, job creation and employment opportunities [13]. Similarly, in India, the figures of the unbanked population counted for 190 million adults without a bank account [13]. For a population size of more than 98 million people, 77% of adults in Egypt are not having a formal bank account [30]. The main objective of this study is to understand how the digitization of financial services can play a major role in increasing inclusive growth and entrepreneurship with a special emphasis on the Indian and Egyptian cases. This study is based on a theoretical and conceptual framework. The study examines various archival, reports of national and international organizations. The findings of the study are showing that the Fintech sector is having immense opportunities for enhancing entrepreneurship and economic growth in developing countries. The Fintech sector in Egypt is still new but rapidly expanding. In comparison with the successful Indian Experience, the digital financial ecosystem in Egypt is facing a major shortfall.

Sustainable economic development would never be possible without having a strong scientific and technological basis. Economics science has evolved in understanding how new technologies help in transforming societies and generating a continuous chain of wealth and progress. Both Microeconomics and Macroeconomics have long recognized the importance of technological developments in economic systems. In particular in Macroeconomics, the idea of explaining how technology creates economic growth has been extensively explored. Nanotechnology industry is considered as the core of the next boundless technological revolution and it has a significant role spurring global economic growth. This paper aims to focus on the economic impacts of the nanotechnology industry with a special focus on the Egyptian case. We have found that the Egyptian nanotechnology industry is still lacking behind its peer countries, and therefore we underline the importance of setting a national plan aiming to take serious actions in developing the nanotechnology industry in Egypt to stimulate the national transformation towards a knowledge-based economy.

The digital revolution is the widespread diffusion of information and communication technologies, and the transformation towards an entirely digitized society. The digital revolution has the capacity to radically develop and change Africa like what first industrial revolution has done to the western countries in the 19th century. Although, for two decades, Africa benefited of steady economic growth sustained by commodity exports and increasingly by structural factors such as demographics, growing internal markets, urbanization and technological developments, Africa still lags behind other regions in providing many of the essential ICTs infrastructures and internet and online services. In this paper, we assess the current trends of the digital transformation in Africa to explore the opportunities and challenges that are encountering the African region in that matter. This study finds that despite that digital revolution in Africa is having many drivers to success and holding bright future opportunities especially in matters of poverty alleviation and business development, still many challenges are hindering its ongoing process.