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The IoT can lead to disruptive healthcare innovation. Research articles on IoT in healthcare and COVID-19 pandemics are thus researched in order to discover the potential of this technology. This literature-based research may help professionals to explore solutions to associated issues and battle the COVID-19 epidemic. Using a process diagram, IoT's significant accomplishments were briefly evaluated. Then seven critical IoT technologies that look useful in healthcare during the COVID-19 Pandemic are identified and illustrated. Finally, in the COVID-19 Pandemic, potential fundamental IoT applications were identified for the medical industry with a short explanation. The present predicament has opened up a fresh avenue to creativity in our everyday lives. The Internet of Things is an up-and-coming technology that enhances and gives better solutions in the medical area, such as appropriate medical record-keeping, sample, device integration, and cause of sickness. IoT's sensor-based technology gives a remarkable ability to lower the danger of intervention in challenging circumstances and is helpful for the pandemic type COVID-19. In the sphere of medicine, IoT's emphasis is on helping to treat diverse COVID-19 situations accurately. It facilitates the work of the surgeon by reducing risks and enhancing overall performance. Using this technology, physicians may readily identify changes in the COVID-19′s vital parameters. These information-based services provide new prospects for healthcare as they advance towards the ideal technique for an information system to adapt world-class outcomes by improving hospital treatment systems. Medical students may now be better taught and led in the future for the identification of sickness. Proper use of IoT may assist handle several medical difficulties such as speed, affordability, and complexity appropriately. It may simply be adapted to track patients' calorific intake and therapy with COVID-19 asthma, diabetes, and arthritis. In COVID-19 pandemic days, this digitally managed health management system may enhance the overall healthcare performance.

Innovative and distinctive ways of doing business have emerged in countless sectors from past to present. Organizations serving in the health sector have also aimed to continue their service offerings in the best way by keeping up with innovations and differences. For this purpose, Quality Function Deployment (QFD) emerges as a method used for health institutions. Postgraduate thesis studies carried out with the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method in Turkey, which were published between the years 1995-2020 in YÖK's Thesis search engine (Yöktez), were included in the research. Bibliometric analysis technique was used in this study and in order to analyze the postgraduate theses produced in the field of search was made with the in Turkish and English on these keywords “Kalite Fonksiyon Göçerimi”, “Kalite Fonksiyon Yayılımı”, “Kalite Evi”, “Kalite Yayılımı”, “Kalite Göçerimi”, “Kalite İşlev Yayılımı”, “Kalite Fonksiyon Açınımı”, “Quality Function Deployment”, “House of Quality” ve “Quality Function Evolution” in YÖK's Thesis search engine (Yöktez). Subsequently, 154 theses were reached and evaluated within the framework of bibliometric features. It is aimed to present a bibliometric analysis of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) studies for researchers and to reveal unstudied issues or shallower points on the subject.

This paper presents a novel health management method of the dry-type transformer to diagnose the early unhealthy behavior of the transformer and evaluate the transformer's health conditions by health score. The health condition diagnosis implemented by a proposed DW-FB-BLS(Dynamic-weighting-Feed-Back-BLS) method, which helps to determine the BLS network structure effectively, and adjusts the weight of features in the online application to avoid reduction of accuracy caused by concept drift. Then, a rational score rule is set to evaluate the health condition of the dry-type transformer by health score, which allows intuitive presentation and preservation of the transformer's health condition over a long period. Finally, the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method are verified based on the real field data of the dry-type transformer. Satisfactory results for unhealthy behavior diagnosis and health evaluation were obtained, it shows that health management of this work can reflect the real health condition appropriately.

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to screen for depressive symptoms in a large sample of Chinese population, and explore the effects of demographic and lifestyle factors on depressive symptoms based on the brain maturity. Method : Adults from 8 health management centers in 6 provinces completed an online health self-report questionnaire. Finally, a total of 76223 valid questionnaires were collected. Result : A total of 76223 participants were included in this study, including 44167 (57.9%) males and 32056 (42.1%) females. The percentage of clinically relevant depressive symptoms among young, early mature and late mature participants was 13.5%, 18.5% and 27.3%, respectively. Among young participants, being female was a risk factor for depressive symptoms, while having a bachelor's or graduate degree, being married, smoking, and moderate alcohol consumption were protective factors. And among early mature participants, female, married and other marital status, BMI of 24-27.9 were risk factors, post-graduate education or above, smoking, moderate alcohol consumption and meeting exercise standard were protective factors. Among late mature participants, Compared with junior high school, all other degrees were protective factors, as was meeting physical activity standards, excessive alcohol consumption was a risk factor. Conclusion : This study analyzed the association among young, early mature and late mature participants respectively, and proposed strategies for improving healthy lifestyle of Chinese people. Our findings support the need for individualized recommendations to improve mental health based on brain maturity.

It is unclear if research published in primary care journals aligns with the broad spectrum of problems managed in primary care practice. The aim of this study was to analyse publication trends concerning the burden of medical conditions reported in primary care journals, and to compare these findings with the burden of problems seen in clinical practice, in order to identify research gaps.Scientometric tools were used to analyse 9956 articles of primary care journals indexed in MEDLINE. Through keyword analysis, a relations map was built. Literature review and a primary care database were used to identify active problems and reasons for visiting a family physician. Rankings and frequencies of research output and conditions were compared.Keyword analysis identified five clusters of publication trends: cardiovascular conditions and conditions related with unhealthy lifestyles; mental disorders; infections; oncology and health management. By comparing publications with clinical problems, the fields of orthopaedics, endocrinology/metabolism, gastroenterology/hepatology, dermatology, ophthalmology, and the respiratory system show the biggest gaps. Through the relations map, more concrete potential research topics were identified such as palliative care, chronic pain, insomnia, antibiotic prescribing, burnout, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and COVID-19.The present study acknowledged potential research and publication gaps in Primary Care journals. The findings might help to direct continuing medical education and help with guideline development.The distribution of publications in primary care journals is distinct from the burden of problems faced in clinical practice and reasons for visiting a family physician. The use of scientometric tools to identify publication trends and their comparison with common problems could be a strategy to identify areas with research gaps in primary care.Introdução: Desconhece-se se a investigação publicada na área dos cuidados de saúde primários está alinhada com os problemas geridos na prática clínica. Pretendemos analisar as tendências de publicação das revistas científicas de cuidados de saúde primários no que diz respeito a problemas médicos e comparar os resultados com a prevalência dos problemas na prática, para encontrar lacunas investigacionais. Material e Métodos: Utilizando ferramentas cienciométricas, analisámos 9956 artigos de revistas de cuidados de saúde primários indexadas à MEDLINE. Através da análise de palavras-chave, construímos um mapa de relações. Identificámos os problemas prevalentes através da revisão da literatura e de uma base de dados dos Cuidados de Saúde Primários. Comparámos as áreas de investigação com problemas ativos e motivos de consulta quanto à frequência e ranking. Resultados: Identificámos cinco grupos de tendências de publicação: doenças cardiovasculares/condições relacionadas com estilos de vida não saudáveis; patologia mental; infeções; oncologia; e gestão em saúde. Comparando publicações com problemas clínicos, as áreas de ortopedia, endocrinologia/metabolismo, gastrenterologia/hepatologia, dermatologia, oftalmologia e sistema respiratório apresentam as maiores lacunas. Através do mapa de relações, encontrámos potenciais áreas de investigação mais concretas, como cuidados paliativos, dor crónica, insónia, burnout, osteoporose, artrose, COVID-19. Discussão: Identificámos lacunas de investigação e de publicação em revistas de Medicina Geral e Familiar. Os resultados podem ajudar a orientar a educação médica contínua e o desenvolvimento de guidelines. Conclusão: A distribuição das publicações em revistas de Medicina Geral e Familiar diverge da proporção dos problemas e motivos de consulta. A identificação de tendências de publicação com ferramentas cienciométricas e a sua comparação com problemas comuns pode ser uma estratégia para reconhecer lacunas de investigação.

Objective To investigate the relationship between health beliefs and preventive behaviors against noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Methods A survey was conducted in Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from August 2019 to December 2019. An structured questionnaire was designed to collect the data on sociodemographic characteristics, health belief model (HBM) constructs and NCD-related behaviors. Structural equation model was used to describe the relationship between health beliefs and the behaviors. Results Among 4453 participants, the most common unhealthy behaviors were sedentary living and working, mood disorders and staying up late. Female, aging, living in urban areas, good physical health were associated with healthy behaviors. HBM constructs including perceived barriers, self-efficacy, cues to action, perceived benefits, perceived severity, and perceived susceptibility were directly or indirectly related to NCD-related behaviors. Perceived barriers (effect coefficient=0.495) and self-efficacy (effect coefficient=0.435) were found to have the greatest impact on the behaviors. Conclusion Health beliefs are verified to be associated with preventive behaviors against NCDs. Practice implications Changing sedentary living and working, mood disorders and staying up late are the top priority of health education. Health education based on HBM, especially focusing on helping overcome difficulties and building confidence of behavior change, may be more effective for the prevention of NCDs.

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have found that the prevalence of chronic heart failure in China is 0.9%, the number of people affected is more than 4 million, and the 5-year survival rate is even lower than that of malignant tumors. AIM To determine the impact of WeChat platform-based health management on severe chronic heart failure patients’ health and self-management efficacy. METHODS A total of 120 patients suffering from chronic heart failure with cardiac function grade III-IV, under the classification of the New York Heart Association, were admitted to our hospital in May 2017. In January 2020, they were divided into two groups: A control group (with routine nursing intervention) and an observation group (with WeChat platform-based health management intervention). Changes in cardiac function, 6-min walking distance (6MWD), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTnT), and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were detected in both groups. The Self-Care Ability Scale (ESCA) score, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire score, and compliance score were used to evaluate self-management ability, quality of life, and compliance of the two groups. During a follow-up period of 12 mo, the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events in both the groups was counted. RESULTS The left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke output, and 6MWD increased, and the hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP decreased in both the groups, as compared to those before the intervention. Further, cardiac function during the 6MWD, hs-cTnT, and NT-proBNP improved significantly in the observation group after intervention (P < 0.05). The scores of self-care responsibility, self-concept, self-care skills, and self-care health knowledge in the observation group were higher than those of the control group before intervention, and their ESCA scores were significantly improved after intervention (P < 0.05). The Minnesota heart failure quality of life (LiHFe) scores of physical restriction, disease symptoms, psychological emotion, social relations, and other items were decreased compared to those of the control group before intervention, and the LiHFe scores of the observation group were significantly improved compared to those of the control group (P < 0.05). With intervention, the compliance scores of rational diet, regular medication, healthy behavior, and timely reexamination were increased, thereby leading to the compliance scores of the observation group being significantly improved compared to those of the control group (P < 0.05). During the 12 mo follow-up, the incidence rates of acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic rehospitalization in the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the hospitalization time in the observation group was shorter than that of the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION WeChat platform-based health management can improve the self-care ability and compliance of patients with severe chronic heart failure, improve the cardiac function and related indexes, reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events, and enable the avoidance of rehospitalization.

Relevance. Health management has not escaped the pressure of the current epidemiological situation. In a complex scenario, characterized by the COVID-19 pandemic, the daily dynamics become more complex and greater agility is required for decision-making. Much of the success of those decisions is determined by access to timely information, especially in crisis conditions and limited resources. For this reason, health organizations are interested in knowing the costs of pathologies that frequently constitute causes of hospitalization. In this sense, community - acquired bacterial bronchopneumonia stands out, which is a disease that frequently causes hospitalization of pediatric patients. Objective. This article aims to carry out a partial retrospective financial evaluation in order to determine the costs associated with the treatment of community-acquired bacterial bronchopneumonia in pediatric patients. Materials and methods. The study was developed from the perspective of the health institution General Hospital Guillermo Luis Fernndez Hernndez - Baquero in the city of Moa. For this, the analysis - synthesis and comparative methods were used, as well as the methodology to calculate and analyze disease costs. Results. The research focused on the January-March quarters of the years 2017 and 2018 and provided valuable accounting information regarding the direct and indirect costs of the treatment of the pathology in question, which serves as a tool for the correct management of the hospital institution. Conclusion . The direct costs exceeded the indirect costs and the items that most affected the total cost were the salaries of the workers, food, and medicines used to treat the disease. The need to develop digital health was evidenced, with special emphasis on digital medical records to facilitate access to them and thus avoid the loss of information due to its deterioration. The study provides useful information to the management of the health institution, which serves as support for budget analysis and future projections.

This study investigates the construction of a health management service mode based on large-scale comprehensive hospitals by analyzing health management service modes at home and abroad, that is, taking the Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng University as an example, establish a health examination hospital, undertake core tasks such as health service operation process, system, monitoring, and system formulation, and take the best medical resources. Attract social medical resources to collaborate and give health service mode of health status monitoring, evaluation, and intervention to health service objects, aided by advanced medical technology. To extend the traditional health management service with the hospital as the protagonist to health management with participation from family and society beyond the hospital, forming a closed-loop, rapid, and efficient health service management system. Thus, through graded quality services, to lessen the difficulties of patients seeing a doctor and to solve the problem of overcrowding and minor ailments in major hospitals.

Background: No qualitative studies have so far been conducted about patients' attitudes and perceptions toward their own health literacy and the use of digital apps in health and disease management based in Austria. Aim: In the context of digital apps, what are patients' attitudes and perceptions with regard to their own health literacy? Method: Guided interviews were conducted with patients in an Austrian hospital to obtain qualitative data. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings: Responses to the research questions fell into three main categories: ‘health’, ‘health literacy’ and ‘digital applications in health and disease management’, with each having its own set of subcategories. Digital apps appear to be an important strategy for helping patients optimise their own health literacy, as well as their health or disease management. Challenges referred to the handling of sensitive data or the possibility of publishing unfiltered information. Conclusion: Further studies need to be carried out to gain a more detailed understanding of the findings. Personal experience plays an important role in supporting quantitative findings.

Covid-19, as well as changing perceptions and attitudes, seems to change or force to change economic, politic, and organizational structures beyond what is predicted. Those states which keep pace with those change waves in time without losing control will gain positive momentum, while those resisting change or falling behind it, will lose speed. In this paper, among those policies, which the pandemic forces to change, Homeland Security Management will be focused. Post-Covid Security perspective refers to a novel and comprehensive paradigm, which incorporates radical changes in security norms. Just as the shock of 9/11 revealed a new understanding of homeland security, the experience with Covid-19 also necessitates radical changes in existing security approaches. Those countries, which apprehend and successfully implement the necessity of this new internal security paradigm that the reality of pandemic created, will gain a sound foundation for similar threats, which are likely to be experienced in the future., Covid-19 salgını, algılamaları ve davranışları değiştirdiği kadar, ekonomik, siyasi ve yönetsel yapıları da tahmin edilenin ötesinde değiştirecek ya da değişime mecbur edecek gibi görünmektedir. Bu değişim dalgasına kontrolü elden bırakmadan zamanında ayak uydurabilen devletler pozitif ivme yakalarken, değişime direnen veya değişimin gerisinde kalan ülkeler, hız kaybedecektir. Bu makalede, salgının değişime zorladığı politika alanlarından İç Güvenlik Yönetimi ele alınacaktır. Covid Sonrası (Post-Covid) Güvenlik Anlayışı, güvenlik normlarında radikal değişimleri ihtiva eden yeni ve kapsamlı bir paradigmaya atıfta bulunmaktadır. 9/11 ile yaşanan şok nasıl ki yeni bir iç güvenlik anlayışını ortaya çıkardıysa, Covid-19 ile yaşanan tecrübeler de mevcut güvenlik yaklaşımlarında radikal bir değişimi zorunlu kılmaktadır. Salgın gerçeğinin yarattığı bu yeni iç güvenlik paradigmasının gerekliliğini kavrayan ve başarılı bir şekilde tatbik eden ülkeler, gelecekte yaşanması kuvvetle muhtemel benzeri tehditlere karşı ciddi bir altyapı sağlayacaktır.

Province of Lampung has a strategic opportunity for the development of ruminants because of the availability of natural resources that support it. One type of ruminant livestock is goat. People's goat farming is now widespread but the conditions of maintenance management are not optimal. Constraints that are still often faced by goat farmers are in terms of lack of knowledge on handling reproductive disorders and livestock health, cage sanitation that is not in accordance with regional geographical conditions and the lack of assistance for livestock treatment obtained. The Community Service Team Scheme Beginner Lecturers of BLU University of Lampung 2020 through counseling related to health management, reproduction and pen sanitation as well as mass treatment of goats were aims to increase knowledge and how to raise conventional people's livestock to be science-based. The target of the activity was goat breeders in Kota Agung Village, South Sungkai District, North Lampung Regency. Methods of activity, namely 1) Extension of health management, reproduction, and sanitation for goat sheds; 2) Implementing a pen sanitation program with cleaning and disinfection of the pen; and 3) Health checks and mass treatment. Activity measurement parameters to determine the response of extension participants to the implementation of community service activities by comparing changes in values in the initial evaluation (pre-test) and the final evaluation (post-test). Service activities were 1) 31 goat farmers was attending the counseling; 2) Mass treatment activities were carried out on 232 goats; and 3) Pen sanitation activities were carried out at 31 goat pen with the results of the evaluation of activities, namely the level of breeders' knowledge on the goat health knowledge increased by 54.02%; the reproductive knowledge increased by 26.77%; and the pen sanitation knowledge increased by 52.33% after the activities were implemented. Conclusion of the overall activities had a very large positive impact on farmers.

Objectives The number of part-time staff is increasing every year, and they are becoming very essential in completing the workforce. Healthcare and assurance for part-timers will be an important issue in the future. The purpose of our study was to collect recent data and examine the status of health management for part-time employees in workplaces. Methods We administered a questionnaire to part-time staff at 14,000 workplaces that were randomly selected from a nationwide list of workplaces. Of the 4,718 respondents, 4,652 valid cases were analyzed. Part-timers were classified as those working more than 3/4 (Category 1), more than 1/2 and less than 3/4 (Category 2), and less than 1/2 (Category 3) of the routine working hours of full-time employees. Results A total of 97.2% of workplaces conducted regular medical health check-ups (medical check-ups) for full-time employees. The percentage of workplaces conducting medical check-ups for part-timers was lower as their working hours were fewer; only 32.2% of workplaces conducted medical check-ups for Category 3 part-timers. The percentages were lower for smaller workplaces, and workplaces with 29 or fewer employees had the lowest percentage for Category 3 part-timers (27.9%). The percentage of employers bearing the full cost of medical check-ups was lower for Category 1 (90.5%), 2 (87.7%), and 3 (85.0%) part-timers than that for full-time employees (93.7%). Conclusions The rate of regular medical check-ups in workplaces was lower for part-timers, as their working hours were shorter, and workplaces were smaller. Expanding health management in workplaces may be necessary owing to the diversity in working styles.

There is increasing debate about the importance of using information and communication technologies to strengthen health systems. Information systems are one of the most widespread technologies for this end in different healthcare contexts. The primary objective of this study was to highlight and discuss the main characteristics of the regulation and use of health information systems in Brazil and abroad. As a secondary objective, the main characteristics identified in Brazil were compared with the findings for other countries. A robust search strategy incorporated five electronic databases. The research question was defined using the SPIDER strategy, and thematic content analysis was applied. Fourteen articles composed the final sample, and three analytic categories were identified: "Use in the Context of Health Systems"; "Implications for Health Management"; and "Communication and Interoperability." The regulation and use of health information systems in different countries was directly related to their socioeconomic context. In Latin America and Africa, policy strengthening and implementation possibilities for health management were discussed. In the United States, Europe, and Asia, the discussions on interoperability between different services was emphasized. The complexity of the Brazilian health system leads to similarities in the data analysis with several countries from different regions and with distinct political configurations.

Health management is getting increasing attention all over the world. However, existing health management mainly relies on hospital examination and treatment, which are complicated and untimely. The emergence of mobile devices provides the possibility to manage people’s health status in a convenient and instant way. Estimation of health status can be achieved with various kinds of data streams continuously collected from wearable sensors. However, these data streams are multi-source and heterogeneous, containing complex temporal structures with local contextual and global temporal aspects, which makes the feature learning and data joint utilization challenging. We propose to model the behavior-related multi-source data streams with a local-global graph, which contains multiple local context sub-graphs to learn short-term local context information with heterogeneous graph neural networks and a global temporal sub-graph to learn long-term dependency with self-attention networks. Then health status is predicted based on the structure-aware representation learned from the local-global behavior graph. We take experiments on the StudentLife dataset, and extensive results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model.

The identification of research fronts and the setting of priorities is a significant challenge in science and policy. The Global Research Front cluster of scientific articles is united by co-citing in other papers at a particular time. SciVal (online platform for monitoring and analyzing international research using visualization tools and modern citation metrics, economic and social efficiency) has three subject areas: Clinical Medicine, health management, and public health. By the total number of articles and the share of the direction in the research area of InCites Citation Topics, determine the global research fronts: neuroscanning, immunology, diet, orthopaedics and psychiatry. Today, the world is witnessing large-scale scientific programmes aimed at understanding human beings and their health. Because of the growing burden of significant brain diseases worldwide, scientists need to find effective means to apply modern biotechnology fully and address current clinical medicine issues. The threats of infectious diseases and the development of new vaccines have reinforced the pronounced response of the Global Immunology Observatory and related products in the field of system immunology. The scientific communities have embarked on a comprehensive consultation that should lead to a global strategy on diet and diet, physical activity, and reducing musculoskeletal and musculoskeletal diseases. Orthopaedic surgeons are developing new procedures and technologies to optimize patient care based on a science-based approach. The scale of mental health problems is at the heart of the global health and development plan of the World Bank, WHO and other national and international organizations, highlighting the scale of these challenges and successes that can be achieved if we work together to solve them.

Background: From the management perspective, rare medical conditions do not attract enough attention, though their management can often be resource intensive. Increased awareness among health professionals can lead to early diagnosis of cases and prevention of complications leading to improved outcomes. Paediatric spinal tumours are rare disease entities with an annual incidence of approximately 1 per 1 million children. The profile of spinal tumours in the paediatric population is significantly different than that in adults. In this study we retrospectively analyse a heterogenous variety of paediatric spinal tumours which were treated at our institution over the last 6 years, with the goal of contributing to existing knowledge of this relatively rare disease entity. Methods: This retrospective study includes paediatric patients (under 18 years of age) who underwent surgery for primary spinal tumours from 2014 to 2019. The medical records were reviewed retrospectively and the information regarding clinical presentation, tumour location, operative findings, and postoperative status and functional outcome were analysed. The modified McCormick grade was used to assess the neurological status. Patients with spinal metastasis or incomplete medical records were excluded from the study. Results: Of 74 patients with primary spinal tumours operated at our centre between 2014 to 2019, a total of 8 patients (5 males and 3 females) who met the inclusion criteria were identified for the present study. The mean age of the patients included was 12.1±5.3 and the median follow-up period was 24 months. An improvement in the neurological status, as assessed by the modified McCormick grade, was seen in 37.5% of the patients. Three of the patients received adjuvant radiotherapy, post-surgical resection. A unique feature of this series was the wide variety of cases encountered, as each case had a different histopathological diagnosis, despite being limited by its sample size. Conclusion: Primary paediatric spinal cord tumours are rare, and surgical resection remains the treatment of choice. Adjuvant therapy is warranted in cases of high-grade lesions or recurrences. Through this study, we realised that due to its relative rarity and low incidence, a lack of public awareness can often lead to disproportionately increased morbidity and mortality. Prospective multi-centric studies can provide tools to help develop future management strategies for improved survival rates and reduced complications.

Background Poor sleep health is now recognised as a significant risk factor for chronic diseases and is associated with considerable comorbidity and mortality. Community pharmacists are primary care clinicians with an integral role in sleep health promotion and chronic sleep disorder management; however, it is unclear to what extent this is currently being undertaken or what the perspectives of Australian community pharmacists regarding their role in sleep health are. Objectives To explore community pharmacists’ current sleep health practice and perspectives on the potential future of sleep health care in community pharmacy. Methods Qualitative semi-structured interviews were carried out with a maximally varied, convenience-based purposive sample of community pharmacists. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and subjected to, in sequence; an inductive analysis followed by a deductive approach where the inductively derived thematic structure was used as a framework. Results Twenty-five community pharmacists from two Australian states were interviewed. Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were the most frequently encountered sleep disorders in community pharmacy presentations. Four key themes were derived from the data: 1) Preparedness, 2) Approach, 3) Capabilities and 4) What needs to change? All participants reported that their sleep health knowledge was insufficient and emphasized the need for more education and training. Although some were engaged in providing OSA services, none of the participants offered services for insomnia or other sleep disorders. Time/task pressures, low health system/health care professional sleep health recognition/awareness and the lack of standardised pharmacy-specific sleep health management guidelines were commonly cited barriers for sleep health service provision. Conclusion Community pharmacists commonly manage day-to-day sleep health; however, most expressed a need for increased sleep health recognition/awareness by the health system, targeted education/training for pharmacists and support for the future provision of community pharmacy-delivered sleep health services. With the appropriate implementation strategies, community pharmacists could utilise their availability and accessibility to improve the future of primary care sleep health management.

Tensor factorization has emerged as a powerful method to address the challenges of high dimensionality and sparsity regarding disease development and comorbidity. Chronic diseases have a high likelihood to co-occur, making patients suffering from one chronic disease to have an elevated risk for other diseases in the course of aging. Despite rich results of risk assessment models for chronic diseases, risk prediction considering the complex mechanisms of disease development and comorbidity remains to be under-researched. This research aims to develop tensor factorization-based methods to predict the onset of new chronic diseases through incorporating the comorbidity patterns with the clinical and sequential factors revealed in the electronic health records (EHRs). The efficacy of the proposed methods was validated through predicting the onset of new chronic diseases using the EHRs data for 23 years from a major hospital in Hong Kong. The proposed methods could inform proactive health management programs for at-risk patients with different chronic conditions.

Objective. The objective of this research was to describe and analyze the role of psychological and behavioral factors on perceptions of COVID-19 in France and Quebec at three different times during the pandemic. Design. We conducted three qualitative and quantitative studies (Study 1 N = 255, Study 2 N = 230, Study 3 N = 143). Participants were asked to evaluate psychological and behavioral measures: at the beginning of lockdown (Study 1), during lockdown (Study 2), and during lockdown exit (Study 3). Results. Results of Study 1 show that perceptions of COVID-19 are organized around fear and a sense of threat. During the lockdown, participants mentioned for the first time the health practices to prevent the spread of COVID-19 (Study 2). Psychological and social impacts constitute a central theme in participants’ discourse (Study 2 and 3). Conclusions. The results show that perceptions of risk during a pandemic are socially constructed. Perceptions seem to be influenced by the political and health management of a territory and by the evolution of behavioral and psychological responses.

Background: The thyroid ultrasound examination (TUE) program was initiated among the residents of Fukushima Prefecture aged ≤18 years at the time of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accid...

Safety assessment is one of important aspects in health management. In safety assessment for practical systems, three problems exist: lack of observation information, high system complexity and environment interference. Belief rule base with attribute reliability (BRB-r) is an expert system that provides a useful way for dealing with these three problems. In BRB-r, once the input information is unreliable, the reliability of belief rule is influenced, which further influences the accuracy of its output belief degree. On the other hand, when many system characteristics exist, the belief rule combination will explode in BRB-r, and the BRB-r based safety assessment model becomes too complicated to be applied. Thus, in this paper, to balance the complexity and accuracy of the safety assessment model, a new safety assessment model based on BRB-r with considering belief rule reliability is developed for the first time. In the developed model, a new calculation method of the belief rule reliability is proposed with considering both attribute reliability and global ignorance. Moreover, to reduce the influence of uncertainty of expert knowledge, an optimization model for the developed safety assessment model is constructed. A case study of safety assessment of liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage tank is conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the new developed model.

Particulate matter has interest of the entire nation is increasing as its severity and risk are rising every day. particulate matter further threaten human health and cause various diseases unless environmental problems are improved, raising the need for continuous research. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to strengthen the awareness of the harmfulness of particulate matter among general public, and to suggest a way to practice proper skin care by investigating the harmfulness of particulate matter perceived by modern people and analyzing skin health management behavior. As for the research method, online Google survey form was used targeting male and female in their 20s to 50s residing in Korea, and a total of 502 questionnaires were statistically processed and used for the final analysis. The results of this study are summarized as follows. examination on the relationship between the awareness of the harmfulness of particulate matter and skin health management behavior showed that there is a high positive correlation between them, and there is a positive correlation between skin health management behavior and the use of cosmetics, nutrition and exercise management, and professional skin care in the order. the examination showed that modern people’s awareness of the harmfulness of particulate matter has a significant effect on skin health management behavior. It implies that the higher the awareness of the harmfulness of particulate matter, the higher the skin health management behavior. Based on the above results, it is considered that accurate information on particulate matter and appropriate skin care methods are needed. Based on this, it is expected to greatly contribute to the promotion of public health and activation of the skin care industry in the future.

INTRODUCTION: Worldwide, in different ways, ethical dilemmas arise in medicine and life sciences. It is critical for medical professionals to respond with confidence when ethical challenges are addressed in their clinical practice. Medical ethics and bioethics education is recognized as an essential course of the medical curriculum. The course aims to provide students with knowledge and competencies on dealing with moral problems. OBJECTIVES: In this article, we aim to explore students’ views about the importance and role of medical ethics education for their future practice. Their suggestions on specific medical ethics and bioethics topics were also considered, as well as previous knowledge on ethics before they enrolled in university. METHODS: A paper questionnaire was developed and distributed among first-year foreign medical students from the Faculty of Medicine in the Medical University-Sofia in Bulgaria. All students participated in the study anonymously and voluntarily. The study was conducted during January and February 2020. RESULTS: Completed questionnaires were received from 366 medical students. Data collected demonstrates that only 19% of the students were taught ethics before enrolling in university and covered topics on philosophy and ethics, civil and human rights. The majority (92%) of the responders believe that the study of medical ethics and bioethics helps medical professionals to improve their skills in identifying ethical problems in their everyday practice. Interesting were the suggestions for topics in medical ethics and bioethics that needed further study during lectures and seminars and included principles of medical ethics and bioethics, ethical behavior in medicine and health care, ethical dimensions of new technologies in health care, ethical dimensions of clinical decisions and patients’ quality of life, ethics and health management. CONCLUSIONS: Medical ethics education is significant for future physicians, helping them to improve their skills in identifying ethical issues, and base their decisions on fundamental ethical principals in their everyday practice. Attention should be given to topics related to principles of medical ethics, models of patient-physician relationships, new technologies in health care, ethics and health policy.

In this paper, with a view to the high levels of absence due to sickness and presenteeism, it is explored how management and team leadership can be integrated on a more sustained basis in health prevention. Private sector enterprises on one hand, and organisations in the public sector, on the other, pursue and prioritise in this aspect different approaches, which are traceable to their different traditions. Specifically in Germany in the public sector, the principle of due care has had a long tradition that grows out of social responsibility, which contrasts with the perspective of commercial enterprises that emphasises the economic aspect. The study undertakes to determine the particular strengths of each of the sectors and to demonstrate their different approaches. The examination refers in its methodology to qualitative social research. In the systemically structured survey design, Seventy six experts were approached with questions concerning different aspects such as corporate culture, business processes, organisational integration, qualification, risk assessments, and concrete actions in health prevention. Complementary to the expert survey, documents such as corporate guidelines and policies, management tools, results from risk assessments and employee surveys or quality offensives were referred to. This analysis supplied insights on how the declared health prevention policies in an organisation can be effectively implemented at the strategic and operational level in corporate culture and leadership culture with a long-term continuity, and which organisational prerequisites in the corporate hierarchy and corporate decision making and business processes may reinforce and sustain successful implementation of health prevention. Of particular importance in the process is operative management. For the sake of effective team involvement in own and team-specific health prevention, an eight-stage team feedback was devised, which includes elements of self-reflection and perception by others in an iteratively structured process.

Introduction: Apprehension pertaining to adverse events associated with vaccine can create hesitancy in population which undermines their confidence in vaccination programmes. Clarity regarding what could be expected post-vaccination through reliable scientific data helps in allaying the apprehension. Our research aims at gauging the adverse experiences of oral health care professionals following first dose of immunization against COVID-19 with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVISHIELD™) and BBV152 (COVAXIN®). Materials and Methods: Data was collected by means of e-questionnaire circulated through online media such as social media platforms to oral health care professionals in India. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS v 26.0, IBM). Descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentage for categorical data, Mean & SD for numerical data has been depicted. Comparison of frequencies of categories of variables with groups was done using chi square test. Results: Pain at site of injection (n=243) was the most frequently reported AEFI, followed by fever (n=225), headache (n=185), body ache (n=156) and fatigue (n=146). Majority of the AEFIs were perceived to be of mild (58.22%) to moderate (31.50%) severity by the respondents and resolved within first two days of immunization. Conclusion: AEFIs are almost inevitable when population on a nation-wide scale is involved in the vaccination scheme Availability of scientific data pertaining to AEFIs that could be expected post-vaccination such as our findings could provide clarity to general population about the issue, thereby purging any apprehension developed due to myths circulation through various modes of media. Keywords: AEFI, Adverse experiences, Vaccine, ChAdOx1, BBV152

From a point in time where the human race declared itself the master of the universe to this point in time where it is facing an existential threat from the contagion- Covid 19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerability of the human race to a wipeout. The disruption of physical, mental, social, emotional and financial health and health systems is unprecedented. Study the impact of Covid 19 on continuity of essential health services in various health care institutions in district Amritsar, Punjab.: Online survey was conducted through google forms using questionnaire adapted from the World Health Organization-Pulse Survey on Continuity of Essential Health Services during Covid 19 pandemic. Respondents were personnel working at public and Ayushman Bharat empaneled private health care institutions. Response rate was 60% (55 out of 92 health care institutions personnel responded) A highly significant difference was observed between the public and the private health care sector in provision of antenatal care (Mann Whitney U statistic= 78.00, p=.004) and imaging and radio diagnosing services (Mann Whitney U statistic= 48.00, p=.000) while a significant difference was observed in provision of service of institutional delivery (Mann Whitney U statistic= 112.00, p=.046). All the other essential health services were similarly affected in the public and private health sector institutes. Financial difficulties faced during the lockdown was the single most common reason stated for disruption of essential health services. There was a significant difference in level of satisfaction experienced by health care personnel from public and private sector (Mann Whitney U statistic= 94.00, p=.02). Thematic analysis of the data on improving preparedness to minimize disruption in essential health services yielded the themes pertaining to creating a robust public health care infrastructure including use of e-health technology in the district and recruitment of adequate health care man power according to set norms.

Nanotechnology is a vital progressive technology facilitating role, progress, and viable effect on food, treatment, medicine, cultivation and farming sector. A nutraceutical is characterized as an ingredient that is related to food and gives medical compensations to the human being, including the prevention and healing of illness. The well-being and health of people are to a great extent, directed by the utilization of nutritious diets. Further numerous investigations have connected good diets as supportive in fighting various deteriorating communicable and non-communicable diseases. There are various studies that explore the relationship between health promotion and various plant and animal food. Although, a considerable number of naturally arising health-promotion constituents are the source of plants, there are various physiologically dynamic parts in animal items that have worth considering for their possible function in ideal well-being. Moreover, the utilization of naturally active constituents in leafy foods and fruits has been connected to fighting various illnesses, such as malignant growth, cardiovascular illnesses, weight, and gastrointestinal problems. Keywords: Nanotechnology, Nanoparticles

For day to day functioning of healthcare services in healthcare sector there is requirement of managing, tracking and keeping patient appointment and medication related information in a effective and efficient way. If a person is suffering from any disease and needs to visit a doctor in a hospital for checkup the patient required to fill hospital registration form in hospital and waits in a long queue while getting an appointment. In some hospitals online appointments can be done by web or smart phone application. Some of these existing applications do not provide information regarding doctor availability, and do not provide patients medical records, etc. This paper proposes a web based application to overcome drawbacks related to existing appointment systems. In this paper the web application will provide a unique QR code to each patient, at the time the patient takes an online appointment for the doctor. The study provides an efficient way of managing health care accessibility in future.

Introduction: Health literacy is crucial for health management, but still has become a problem in many countries. The objective of this study was to assess patient’s health literacy levels in Kiara Family Medicine Clinic of the Medical Faculty University of Indonesia and its determinants. Method: This was quantitative research with cross- sectional design. The population was all patients visiting the clinic during the data collection period. The samples were patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, chosen with consecutive sampling technique. Minimal sample size was counted using different proportion hypothesis test formula, results in minimum of 134 respondents. The independent variables were age, language, ethnicity, sex, level of education, length of education, occupation, income, access to health services, and health information access. The dependent variable was levels of health literacy.The instruments were questionnaires on health literacy determinats and Newest Vital Sign adapted in bahasa Indonesia (NVS-I). Univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were conducted. Results: 27.4% of respondents had high health literacy level and 72.6% of respondents had low health literacy level. Factors associated with health literacy levels were health information access and length of education. The most dominant influencing factor of health literacy was accessibility to health information. Conclusion: Most of the patients had low health literacy level with NVS-I measurement. The factor most associated with health literacy level was health information access. More efforts are needed in promoting patient’s health literacy through improving health information access. Keywords: family medicine, health information access, health literacy

IMPACT: Emergency service workers perceived similarly low levels of organizational support compared with professionals and administrative employees. However, both emergency workers and healthcare professionals undertake high levels of emotional labour and therefore are susceptible to high levels of stress and, consequently, require organizational support. Low organizational support contributes to low wellbeing and engagement. If austerity-driven management is the cause of low organizational support, then new management models are required to ensure psychologically safe workplaces. Otherwise, the burden caused by poor management is placed on the community because taxpayers pay for emergency service workers’ stress-related workers’ compensation claims.

Presented is a case illustrating connections between art, learning and the mobilization of knowledge. As part of an assessment task in a postgraduate degree, a student made a painting about her experiences with workplace harassment and bullying in the surgical ward that she managed. I interviewed this student and made my own artworks to better understand her workplace and learning experiences. We then discussed our respective artworks and recorded those conversations. These data suggest that art-making can create powerful learning experiences, change attitude to health management practice, make connections and generate productive conversations within a healthcare organization, and mobilize knowledge. The paper responds to the question: Can art be 'paradigm-shifting' and therefore hold potential for creating a 'good' or better health service? It also reflects on the use of art in health service research more generally, especially in an era considered by some to be 'postparadigmatic.'

The livestock health management system is based on the principal concept to investigate bird health status by collecting biological traits like their sound utterance. This theme is implemented on four different species of livestock to cure them of bronchitis disease. This paper includes the audio features of both healthy and unhealthy livestock. Particularly, the secure audio-wellbeing features are incorporated into the platform to spontaneously examine and conclude using livestock voice information to recognize diseased birds. One month of long-term recognition experimental studies has been conducted where the recognition accuracy of the set of diseased birds was about 99% using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). This recognition accuracy of ANFIS in this regard is better than the performance of an artificial neural network. This is a reliable way for researchers to investigate and constitute evidence of disease curability or eradication of incurable ones.

ZusammenfassungNeben tierartbezogenen Indikatoren werden ressourcen- und managementbezogene Tierwohlindikatoren erfasst, um den Status einer Schafherde zu beurteilen. Aufgrund der Diversität von Schafrassen und Haltungsformen eignen sich Multiple-Choice-Checklisten dafür nur bedingt. Der Einfluss von Umwelt, Klima, Betreuungsintensität und anderer Faktoren wird im Zusammenhang mit den rechtlichen Voraussetzungen aus der Sicht der tierärztlichen Herdenbetreuung beschrieben. Daraus ergeben sich Hinweise auf Probleme, aber auch Möglichkeiten der Verbesserung auf der Ebene von Gesetzgebung, Pharmaindustrie und Verwaltung, da Tierwohl als gemeinsames Anliegen aller im Nutztierbereich involvierter Akteure zu verstehen ist.

All people in the world are entitled to enjoy a clean environment and a good quality of life. With big data and artificial intelligence technologies, it is possible to estimate personalized air pollution exposure and synchronize it with activity, health, quality of life and behavioural data, and provide real-time, personalized and interactive alert and advice to improve the health and well-being of individual citizens. In this paper, we propose an overarching framework outlining five major challenges to personalized air pollution monitoring and health management, and respective methodologies in an integrated interdisciplinary manner. First, urban air quality data is sparse, rendering it difficult to provide timely personalized alert and advice. Second, collected data, especially those involving human inputs such as health perception, are often missing and erroneous. Third, the data collected are heterogeneous, and highly complex, not easily comprehensible to facilitate individual and collective decision-making. Fourth, the causal relationships between personal air pollutants exposure (specifically, PM2.5 and PM1.0 and NO2) and personal health conditions, and health-related quality of life perception, of young asthmatics and young healthy citizens in Hong Kong (HK), are yet to be established. Fifth, whether personalized and smart information and advice provided can induce behavioural change and improve health and quality of life are yet to be determined. To overcome these challenges, our first novelty is to develop an AI and big data framework to estimate and forecast air quality in high temporal-spatial resolution and real-time. Our second novelty includes the deployment of mobile pollution sensor platforms to substantially improve the accuracy of estimated and forecasted air quality data, and the collection of activity, health condition and perception data. Our third novelty is the development of visualization tools and comprehensible indexes, by correlating personal exposure with four types of personal data, to provide timely, personalized pollution, health and travel alerts and advice. Our fourth novelty is determining causal relationship, if any, between personal pollutants, PM1.0 and PM2.5, NO2 exposure and personal health condition, and personal health perception, based on a clinical experiment of 150 young asthmatics and 150 young healthy citizens in HK. Our fifth novelty is an intervention study to determine if smart information, presented via our proposed visualized platform, will induce personal behavioural change. Our novel big data AI-driven approach, when integrated with other analytical approaches, provides an integrated interdisciplinary framework for personalized air pollution monitoring and health management, easily transferrable to and applicable in other domains and countries.