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This study seeks to point out the different configurations of Health Care Networks in primary care (AB) and Hospital Care (AH), dimensioned based on coverage, quality, and resolvability characteristics in health macro-regions. Cross-sectional study used the cluster analysis and segmented 103 macro-regions into different profiles of coverage, quality and resolubility: group 1 (high coverage/AB and medium/AH; low quality AB-AH with high resolubility); group 2 (high coverage/AB and low/AH; low quality ABAH with medium resolubility) and group 3 (high coverage/AB and medium/AH; high quality ABAH with high resolubility). Coverage in AB was classified as high for 100% of the Brazilian population and in AH low to 9.70% and medium to 90.29%. Quality/AB-AH is low for 58.54% and high for 41.15%. Resolubility is high for 90.29% and medium for 9.70%. In Brazil, there is expansion of coverage with low quality/AB; shortage of hospital beds and low quality/HA with high resolution. However, in the Southeast and South, high AB-AH quality prevails. The structuring of health networks is still characterized by low resolution, demanding incentives for the governance of inter-federal arrangements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the organizational culture in public health institutions in Chile, establishing the relationship between the organizations' cultures and their level of complexity and coverage using the Denison Organizational Culture Scale. The scale was applied to a sample of 156 workers from four institutions. The results reveal that institutions with low complexity and coverage showed higher cultural levels in all dimensions: involvement, consistency, adaptability and mission; as well as in the perspectives of flexibility/stability and internal/external focus. Alternatively, responses from workers in institutions with high coverage but different complexity did not show significant differences regarding their understanding of the organizational culture. In addition, the findings highlight the relationship between the functional characteristics associated with the complexity of health organizations and their cultural features, evidencing particular differences according to the level of coverage or intensity of demand for the services they provide, as well as perspectives of flexibility and stability according to the Denison model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Médicas UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the degree of adequacy of prenatal care (PNC) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and in its 7 macro-regions considering the time of PNC initiation and the number of appointments attended. It also aims to verify the mode of delivery prevalence and the factors associated with PNC adequacy by mode of delivery. METHODS Sub analysis from a cross-sectional study conducted among 13,432 childbearing women aged 15–49 years assisted in 66 maternity hospitals of the Unified Health System (SUS) and private associated facilities from September 2017 to October 2019. A standardized form was used to collect sociodemographic data, and information about PNC and delivery from the childbearing women’s prenatal cards, hospital records, and medical reports. RESULTS The PNC coverage was (98.4%), but only 57.5% of the participants had an adequate PNC defined as the one initiated until the 12th gestational week, with attendance of at least 6 appointments. The cesarean rate was 57.2%. Among women who performed vaginal delivery, multivariate analysis showed that for each 1-year increase in the age of the parturient, the chance of having an adequate PNC increased by 5%. White parturients with higher education and fewer deliveries residing in the macro-region of Valleys were more likely to have an adequate PNC when compared with non-white parturients, who were illiterate and/or had incomplete elementary school, with 3 or more deliveries and who resided in other macro-regions. During pregnancy, 96.0% of the women performed at least one anti-HIV test, 55.8% a rapid test for syphilis, and 75.0% a Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test (VDRL). CONCLUSIONS Despite the almost universal PNC coverage in RS, the PNC offered by the SUS was adequate for just half of the population, therefore public health policies targeted at women receiving care in this setting shall be revisited.

Objective. To evaluate the effects of changing the algorithm for serological diagnosis of T. cruzi infection in departmental-level public health laboratories and in the National Reference Laboratory of Colombia, from the perspective of access to diagnosis. Methods. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, based on secondary sources between 2015 and 2021, consolidating the number of serological tests carried out by the laboratories. A survey was developed to identify benefits and limitations in the implementation of the new algorithm for serological diagnosis. Totals, proportions, and averages of the number of tests were estimated by comparing two different periods. Results. Information from 33 public health laboratories was analyzed, 87.9% of which processed serological assays during the period under study. The use of serological tests increased after the publication of the new guideline in 2017, and the capacity to perform the second test increased from four to 33 public health laboratories. In absolute terms, ELISAs for antigens and recombinant antigens became the most performed tests in Colombia after 2017. Conclusions. The change in the algorithm for serological diagnosis of Chagas disease in Colombia in 2017 had positive effects on access to diagnosis since it facilitated the use of the second test. This change resulted in increased diagnostic coverage. The country's laboratories have access to a simple, timely, quality algorithm that could be implemented in almost any clinical laboratory in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the structure and results of Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil between 2008 and 2019. The medians of the following variables were calculated: PHC spending per inhabitant covered, PHC coverage, and rates of mortality and hospitalizations due to primary care sensitive conditions (PCSC), in 5,565 Brazilian municipalities stratified according to population size and quintile of the Brazilian Deprivation Index (IBP), and the median trend in the period was analyzed. There was a 12% increase in median PHC spending. PHC coverage expanded, with 3,168 municipalities presenting 100% coverage in 2019, compared to 2,632 in 2008. The median rates of PCSC mortality and hospitalizations increased 0.2% and decreased 44.9%, respectively. PHC spending was lower in municipalities with greater socioeconomic deprivation. The bigger the population and the better the socioeconomic conditions were in the municipalities, the lower the PHC coverage. The greater the socioeconomic deprivation was in the municipalities, the higher the median PCSC mortality rates. This study showed that the evolution of PHC was heterogeneous and is associated both with the population size and with the socioeconomic conditions of the municipalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to compare the prevalence of food consumption assessment coverage in children under 10 years old before and after the implementation of the Healthy Growth Program (HGP). In this sense, a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 548 municipalities registered in the HGP and available in the Food and Nutritional Surveillance System of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The food consumption assessment coverage indicator was analyzed per geographic regions, a Chi-square test was performed and the Prevalence Ratios (PR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. Food consumption assessment coverage increased from 0.25% in 2015 to 1.78% in 2018 (PR=7.09; 95%CI 7.00;7.18). The Southern region showed the highest and the Midwestern region the lowest increase in food consumption coverage. Although food consumption assessment coverage has increased less than the five-percent target set by the HGP, there has been an improvement in monitoring the nutritional status of children, which requires developing actions that support mapping the food and nutritional scenario of children in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Atencao Primaria a Saude is the property of Revista de Atencao Primaria a Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of health services among adults living in Manaus, Amazonas. METHODS: This was a panel of two cross-sectional studies conducted in Manaus in 2015 and 2019. Individuals aged = 18 years were selected by probabilistic sampling and interviewed at home. The study outcomes were doctor visits and hospitalizations in the previous 12 months, and unmet surgical needs. Variations between 2015 and 2019 were tested using chi-squared goodness-of-fit test. Poisson regression with robust variance was employed to calculate the prevalence ratios (PR) of the outcomes with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: The surveys included 5,800 participants in total. Visits to the doctor decreased from 2015 (78.7%) to 2019 (76.3%; p < 0.001), hospital admissions increased from 2015 (7.9%) to 2019 (11.5%; p < 0.001), and unmet surgical needs decreased in the period (15.9% to 12.1%; p < 0.001). These variations were particularly observed in vulnerable individuals - sicker; poorer; non-whites; and those belonging to lower social classes, with less access to education, formal jobs, and health insurance (p < 0.05). Doctor visits were higher in people with fair health status (PR = 1.09; 95%CI 1.06-1.12), health insurance (PR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.09-1.17), and chronic diseases (p < 0.001) but lower in men (PR = 0.87; 95%CI 0.84-0.90) and informal workers (PR = 0.89; 95%CI 0.84-0.94). Hospitalizations were higher in people with worse health statuses (p < 0.001), without partners (PR = 1.27; 95%CI 1.05-1.53), and with multimorbidity (PR = 1.68; 95%CI 1.33-2.12) but lower in men (PR = 0.55; 95%CI 0.44-0.68), older adults (p < 0.001), informal workers (PR = 0.67; 95%CI 0.51-0.89), and unemployed (PR = 0.72; 95%CI 0.53-0.97). Unmet surgical needs were higher in older adults (p < 0.001), middle-class people (PR = 1.24; 95%CI 1.01-1.55), worse health statuses (p < 0.001), and chronic diseases (p < 0.001) but lower in men (PR = 0.76; 95%CI 0.65-0.86). CONCLUSIONS: From 2015 to 2019, less people visited the doctor, more were admitted to hospitals, and less were in need of surgery or aware of that need, potentially indicating poorer access to health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología is the property of Fundacion Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: despite the advances in coverage in social security in health, the Colombian population still faces access barriers. In oral health, although the benefit plan is broad, the coverage of services provided by Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)* is low. Objective: analyze dental services coverage among users in Medellín in the year 2015. Methods: mix study with a quantitative approach to estimate expected coverage, according to normative need and expressed need, and real coverage based on service provision records referring to Medellín users who accessed dental services in the HMO network in 2015. A qualitative approach was also conducted via interviews with oral health referents in six HMOs. Results: in order to meet the needs of the affiliated population, 9,6 million specific protection and early detection activities were required in the year, following the normative guidelines, and 6,8 million activities to assist caries and periodontitis patients. Real coverage would have hardly been 10.6% of the city’s population, and in the studied HMOs this value would have been 16% to 23%. Conclusion: the gap between the necessary services and those provided exceeds 70%, which is mainly due to social and cultural factors and low induced demand. In addition to greater resources, this must be taken into account to improve coverage and achieve a greater impact on oral health.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of rapid tests coverage in Primary Care on syphilis detection rate in pregnant women in Brazil, in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. METHODS: The dependent variable was the syphilis detection rate in pregnant women between 2012 and 2018. As the main independent variables, the methods for measuring the coverage of rapid tests for syphilis in Primary Care were used and, as adjustment variables, some indicators of health services and socioeconomic. We opted for a linear regression model for panel data (panel data analysis), considering the municipality as the unit of analysis and the year as the time variable. RESULTS: From the results of the final model, we can infer that, for a given municipality, as the rate of rapid tests increases by one point for every thousand live births, the detection rate of syphilis in pregnant women increases by an average of 0.02 cases per thousand live births (p < 0.001). This value is adjusted for Family Health coverage, proportion of health facilities per inhabitant, per capita expenditure on health and the Human Development Index. CONCLUSIONS: There was a substantial improvement in the amount of rapid tests available, as well as a significant increase in the number of tests performed in pregnant women, which predicts an increase in syphilis rates in pregnant women. However, a worrying hypothesis is that the number of tests performed on pregnant women during the analyzed period may have been insufficient to detect the progress of the epidemic in this population.

Abstract Background Brazilian Primary Care Facilities (PCF) provide primary care and must offer dental services for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases. According to a logic of promoting equity, PCF should be better structured in less developed places and with higher need for oral health services. Objective To analyze the structure of dental caries services in the capitals of the Brazilian Federative Units and identify whether socioeconomic factors and caries (need) are predictors of the oral health services structure. Methods This is an ecological study with variables retrieved from different secondary databases, clustered for the level of the federative capitals. Descriptive thematic maps were prepared, and structural equations were analyzed to identify oral health service structure’s predictors (Alpha = 5%). Four models with different outcomes related to dental caries treatment were tested: 1) % of PCF with a fully equipped office; 2) % of PCF with sufficient instruments, and 3) % of PCF with sufficient supplies; 4) % of PCF with total structure. Results 21.6% of the PCF of the Brazilian capitals had a fully equipped office; 46.9% had sufficient instruments, and 30.0% had sufficient supplies for caries prevention and treatment. The four models evidenced proper fit indexes. A correlation between socioeconomic factors and the structure of oral health services was only noted in model 3. The worse the socioeconomic conditions, the lower the availability of dental supplies (standard factor loading: 0.92, P = 0.012). Estimates of total, direct and indirect effects showed that dental caries experience observed in the Brazilian population by SB-Brasil in 2010 did not affect the outcomes investigated. Conclusion Material resources are not equitably distributed according to the socioeconomic conditions and oral health needs of the population of the Brazilian capitals, thus contributing to persistent oral health inequities in the country.

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the prevalence of mammography screening and the association among socio-demographic, behavior factors and non-adherence to mammography screening among women between 50 and 69 years old, using data from Vigitel 2016. Method: Cross-sectional, population-based study with data from Vigitel including 12,740 women in the 50-69 age group. The variables were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: Among the women studied, 21.8% had not had a mammography in the past 2 years. The characteristics associated with non-adherence to the test were having less than 12 years of education (p

In April 2016, the National Institute of Social Services for Retirees and Pensioners discontinued its policy of 100% coverage for 159 drugs (the “social subsidy”), including symptomatic slow-acting drugs for osteoarthritis (SYSADOAs), due to insufficient evidence of significant clinical benefit. We evaluated the effect of this measure on the use of SYSADOAs as well as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which were unaffected by this policy change. We compared outpatient dispensations of SYSADOAs and NSAIDs from 2015 to 2017, measuring dispensed units, retail price, and out-of-pocket expenses for beneficiaries each month. After the change in coverage, there was a 61.6% total decrease in SYSADOA units dispensed, and a 63.4% decrease in the final sales price to the public, measured in constant values. Dispensation was not reoriented towards NSAIDs, which fell by 6.1%. The incidence of new treatments decreased (from 6.4 to 3.3 treatments per 1,000 beneficiaries per month), as did their continuity. Beneficiaries’ out-ofpocket spending on SYSADOAs increased by 75.8% (at constant values). Disinvestment in interventions with questionable therapeutic value is an important tool in working toward the sustainability of health systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Relate standardized age distribution of COVID-19 deaths in 22 countries in the Americas and Europe to different indicators of population characteristics and health systems. Methods. Distributions of COVID-19 deaths by age group in 22 countries of the Americas and Europe were standardized based on the age pyramid of the world's population. Correlations were calculated between the standardized proportion of people aged <60 years among the deceased and each of six indicators. Results. Standardization based on the world age pyramid revealed considerable differences in age distribution among countries; the proportion of people aged <60 years was higher in Latin America and the United States than in Canada or Western Europe. The standardized proportion of people aged <60 years among persons who died of COVID-19 is strongly correlated to the existence of universal quality medical coverage (r=-0.92, p<0.01). This relationship remained significant after being adjusted for the other indicators. Conclusion. We propose that weaknesses in medical coverage of the population may have created higher case-fatality in populations aged <60 years in Latin America and the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to evaluate the coverage of the cervical cytopathological test. Method: exploratory-descriptive study with quantitative approach, whose unit of analysis was the Health District of Brotas of the city of Salvador, Bahia. The study estimated the actual and potential coverage of the cervical cytopathological test performed in Primary Health Care in 2018. To estimate the coverage, the standard was established based on the recommendation of the Ministry of Health. The data were obtained from the Monitoring Worksheet of Cervical Cytopathological Test of the district provided by the Municipal Health Department. Results: there was low coverage in the analyzed period, with real coverage of 11.76% and potential coverage of 46.11%. Conclusion: the low coverage of the cervical cytopathological test may be related to the small growth of the service offer due to the insufficient expansion of Primary Care in the city of Salvador. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Saúde Pública is the property of Faculdade de Educacao da Universidade de Sao Paulo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Objective: To verify factors associated with early newborn access to biological neonatal screening. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out with all newborns who underwent tests in healthcare units, hospitals, and laboratories of a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with programs linking healthcare information. The following variables were investigated: child’s age at collection (dependent); place of collection; date of collection; and type of user (independent). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. Results: Records of 15,652 screenings were found in the two years analyzed. In the first year analyzed, 7,955 births and 7,640 (96.0%) tests were recorded, of which 5,586 (73.1%) were undertaken with newborns between three and five days old. In the next year analyzed, 8,316 births and 8,012 (96.3%) screenings were recorded, of which 7,025 (87.6%) were undertaken with newborns in the same age group. A statistically significant association was found between the variables “child’s age” and “type of user” in one year, and between the variables “child’s age” and “place of collection” in both years. Conclusion: Early access to these tests enables the screening of diseases and referral for treatment. The present study contributes to the management of child care programs by presenting strategies linking data and actions to improve access to biological neonatal screening.

A brief summary is made on the evolution of health coverage in the mountainous area of the province of Cienfuegos. It takes into account the complaint made by the Commander-in-Chief in the trial for the events of the Moncada barracks and his plea "History will absolve me" where the precarious situation of health in our fields is addressed and the solutions given from the establishment of the Rural Medical Service Program, the integration of Healthcare Teaching through Healthcare, the Piti Fajardo Contingent (6th year) and the creation by Fidel himself of the Family Medicine Program and the specialty of Comprehensive General Medicine, with which achieves health coverage. The graduation of the first specialists in Comprehensive General Medicine and Comprehensive General Stomatology trained entirely in the Clinics of the mountainous massif of our Cienfuegos Turquino Plan is noted as a colophon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Performance-based financing (PBF) has been promoted and increasingly implemented across low- and middle-income countries to increase the utilization and quality of primary health care. However, the evidence of the impact of PBF is mixed and varies substantially across settings. Thus, further rigorous investigation is needed to be able to draw broader conclusions about the effects of this health financing reform. We examined the effects of the implementation and subsequent withdrawal of the PBF pilot programme in the Koulikoro region of Mali on a range of relevant maternal and child health indicators targeted by the programme. We relied on a control interrupted time series design to examine the trend in maternal and child health service utilization rates prior to the PBF intervention, during its implementation and after its withdrawal in 26 intervention health centres. The results for these 26 intervention centres were compared with those for 95 control health centres, with an observation window that covered 27 quarters. Using a mixed-effects negative binomial model combined with a linear spline regression model and covariates adjustment, we found that neither the introduction nor the withdrawal of the pilot PBF programme bore a significant impact in the trend of maternal and child health service use indicators in the Koulikoro region of Mali. The absence of significant effects in the health facilities could be explained by the context, by the weaknesses in the intervention design and by the causal hypothesis and implementation. Further inquiry is required in order to provide policymakers and practitioners with vital information about the lack of effects detected by our quantitative analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Saude Publica is the property of Escola Nacional de Saude Publica Sergio Arouca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: to discuss and reflect on Health Care Networks, their theoretical concepts and legal frameworks in health policies. Method: a reflective theoretical study, based on the scientific literature on theoretical concepts and legal frameworks of Health Care Networks. Results: the integration of health services is a response to the fragmentation of care, and has a multiplicity of concepts, principles and dimensions. Health Care Networks are revealed as a strategy for the integration of services and are an alternative in the qualification of care. National and international experiences indicate that networked care ensures greater effectiveness of health actions with multiple care based on a systemic integration. Conclusions: the conformation of Health Care Networks contributes to overcoming the vertical model. The structuring is based on the epidemiological profile and contributes to improving the care provided, overcoming care gaps and reducing costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To verify factors associated with early newborn access to biological neonatal screening. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out with all newborns who underwent tests in healthcare units, hospitals, and laboratories of a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with programs linking healthcare information. The following variables were investigated: child's age at collection (dependent); place of collection; date of collection; and type of user (independent). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. Results: Records of 15,652 screenings were found in the two years analyzed. In the first year analyzed, 7,955 births and 7,640 (96.0%) tests were recorded, of which 5,586 (73.1%) were undertaken with newborns between three and five days old. In the next year analyzed, 8,316 births and 8,012 (96.3%) screenings were recorded, of which 7,025 (87.6%) were undertaken with newborns in the same age group. A statistically significant association was found between the variables "child's age" and "type of user" in one year, and between the variables "child's age" and "place of collection" in both years. Conclusion: Early access to these tests enables the screening of diseases and referral for treatment. The present study contributes to the management of child care programs by presenting strategies linking data and actions to improve access to biological neonatal screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the association between social determinants of health and trends in the prevalence of hypertension among patients of the Peruvian Ministry of Health 2007-2016.Methods: We conducted an ecological study with secondary data sources using health care and death records obtained from the Peruvian Ministry of Health, data from the Peruvian National Household Survey and data from the Regional Information System for Decision Making. We determined the standardised prevalence of hypertension at national and region level, conducted a geospatial exploratory analysis at region level, and applied generalised linear mixed models to evaluate the association between social determinants of health and the prevalence of HT, according to the domains suggested by Healthy People 2020.Results: The prevalence of hypertensive patients of the Peruvian Ministry of Health increased from 966.8/100 000 in 2007 to 1619.1/100 000 in 2016. The prevalence of hypertension rose by 17.7/100 000 per 1% increase of insurance coverage and by 2.2/100 000 per 1% increase in the number of hospitals. In contrast, it decreased by 12.3/100 000 per 1% increase of the poverty rate, by 9.8/100 000 per 1% increase of the proportion of people with native language, by 3.6/100 000 per 1% increase of GDP per capita and by 3/100 000 per 1% increase in the number of local health centres.Conclusions: The growing trend of HT prevalence in Peru is directly associated with insurance coverage and number of hospitals, and inversely associated with poverty rate, proportion of people with native language, GDP per capita and number of local health centres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background There is a scarcity of knowledge as to whether rates of myocardial reperfusion use and 30‐day mortality for patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction are similar among patients using the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) and those using the private healthcare system. Methods and Results A total of 707 patients were analyzed using the VICTIM (Via Crucis for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction) register database; 589 patients from the SUS and 118 from the private network with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, who attended hospitals with the capacity to perform primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were investigated. The timeline, rates of use of PCI, and the 30‐day probability of death were investigated, comparing the SUS patients to those in the private system. The mean time between symptom onset and arrival at the PCI hospital was higher for SUS patients compared with users of the private system (25.4±36.5 versus 9.0±21 hours; P

Fundamento: la salud bucodental es un componente de la salud general, vital para un adecuado crecimiento y desarrollo del niño y adolescente, constituyendo una prioridad en el actual programa nacional de atención estomatológica.Objetivo: describir la atención estomatológica al menor de 19 años en la provincia Las Tunas, en el periodo comprendido de enero 2015 a diciembre 2017.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo en un universo de todos los pacientes de la provincia Las Tunas, en el periodo ya señalado. La muestra fueron los menores de 19 años. Los datos se obtuvieron de los registros de información estadística de la dirección provincial de salud. Se analizaron los indicadores sobre la base de los establecidos en el programa nacional de atención estomatológica.Resultados: la cobertura de atención estomatológica a los pacientes menores de 19 años fue de más del 89 % en los tres años; los pacientes examinados por encima del 92 %; la atención curativa concluida fue mejor en el año 2016 (86,4 %). Las aplicaciones de laca flúor llegaron a las tres cuartas partes de la muestra en 2016 y en 2017 en las escuelas rurales, el resto fue menor. Los enjuagatorios de flúor solo fueron insuficientes en los adolescentes de 15 a 18 años. El municipio Amancio expuso los mejores resultados.Conclusiones: se caracterizó la atención estomatológica al menor de 19 años durante tres años en la provincia Las Tunas, mostrando avances alentadores en cuanto a los indicadores del país.

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Pressure ulcers are a challenge for all health personnel, to achieve an impact on their prevention and treatment requires commitment, dedication and resources. Objective: To analyze the coverage of nursing personnel and its impact on mortality from pressure ulcers in Mexico. Material and methods: Quantitative, cross-sectional, analytical and correlational study in whic h the nursing coverage index by federal entity is analyzed and its relation with the mortality by pressure ulcers in the year 2015 taking as a source the INEGI mortality data base, simple and relative frequencies were calculated, as well as some statistics of association and significance using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: There are diametrical differences in nursing coverage ranging from 1.24 in the State of Mexico to 3.97 nurses per thousand inhabitants in Mexico City. There were 724 deaths of the L89 code according to the ICD-10. The statistical analysis shows significance in nursing coverage, frequency by federal entity and mortality rate in relation to unfavorable conditions in right holders, scholarship and occupation. Conclusions: Linking nursing care coverage with sociodemographic and mortality indicators is a way to help improve the quality of care, as well as the decision making for a better public health policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Characterize health system reform processes implemented in eight Latin American countries and evaluate their results in terms of health access and coverage conditions. Methods. Data from nationally representative household surveys were used to characterize health system reform processes in Chile, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay and to assess resulting conditions governing health care access and coverage. Results. Five countries introduced changes to expand financial coverage, with a perspective on primary health care limited to the expansion of health service packages, while three countries prioritized changes in health service organization based on a more comprehensive approach to primary health care. Countries in the first group increased insurance coverage but saw no improvement in access to health services. In the second group of countries, important barriers to access continue to exist despite improvements. Conclusions. Health system reforms can be described in terms of the type of transformations promoted. Reforms that focus on expanding insurance coverage improve financial protection but do not result in positive changes in access. Reforms that prioritize transformations in the organization of health services lead to improved access, yet a large proportion of the population continues to report barriers to access in the countries studied. The socioeconomic conditions of the population and unstable policies stand in the way of achieving more significant progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When a Cuban family doctor knows about the access and universal health coverage, it is something so close that it is almost impossible to value these words; however considering them becomes extraordinary when accomplishing an international collaboration task, where poverty and inequalities persist. In this work It is reflected on the solid health strategy developed by Cuba, an underdeveloped country, whose policy has allowed to fulfill the wish of health for everyone, having as a base the Primary Health Care System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the tasks of primary health care is to achieve adequate treatment coverage for patients with arterial hypertension. The aim of this study was to analyze the spatial variation of hypertension treatment coverage in the municipality of Santiago de Chile in 2014, evaluating its relationship with the distance to primary health care establishments and socioeconomic factors using georeferencing techniques and global and geographically weighted Poisson regression models. According to the results, arterial hypertension treatment coverage shows spatial dependence, given that its relationship with the presence of older adults, the proportion of population enrolled, socioeconomic status and the distance to primary health care establishments varied spatially. It is concluded that in order to improve hypertension coverage it is necessary to consider different local realities, a process that can be facilitated by the application of spatial analysis techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Analyze the proposal by the Ministry of Public Health to reform the public financing model in Ecuador with regard to pooling of funds and payment mechanisms. Method. A literature review was done of the financing model, the current legal framework, and the budgetary bases in Pubmed, SciELO, LILACS Ecuador, and regional LILACS using the key words health financing, health financing systems, capitation, pooling of funds, health system reform Ecuador, health system Ecuador, and health payment mechanisms. Books and other documents suggested by health systems experts were also included. Results. Review of the financing model enabled identifying the historical segmentation of Ecuador's health system; out of this, the Ministry of Public Health conceived its proposal to reform the financing model. The Ministry's proposed solutions are pooling of funds and payment of services at the first level of care through payment per capita adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic risks. Progress made in reforming the financing model includes design of the proposals and their implementation mechanisms, and discussions with stakeholders. Conclusions. Implementation of these changes may produce improvements for the health system in efficiency, spreading of risks, incentives for meeting health objectives, as well as contribute to its sustainability and advance toward universal health coverage. Nevertheless, legal, political, and operational constraints are hampering their implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Introdução No Brasil, o Estado é responsável pelo acesso universal e igualitário à saúde, porém, é comum a escassez na oferta de serviços. Objetivo Descrever e comparar a oferta do profissional de Fonoaudiologia na rede pública municipal de saúde, administração direta, nas capitais da região Nordeste do Brasil. Métodos Os dados foram coletados do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), para 2007 e 2014. As variáveis foram o número de fonoaudiólogos da administração direta da rede pública municipal de saúde, o nível de atenção de lotação do profissional e o número de unidades de saúde da gestão municipal. Na análise, foram estimadas a oferta do profissional, de acordo com a população residente e por nível de atenção das unidades de saúde, a evolução 2007-2014 e o deficit atual do profissional. Resultados Houve crescimento na oferta do profissional no conjunto das capitais do Nordeste do país (2007-2014), porém, com média de apenas 1,5 fonoaudiólogo para cada 100.000 habitantes, em 2014. As maiores ofertas foram verificadas em João Pessoa e Aracaju e, as menores, em Natal e Salvador. Considerando-se a razão fonoaudiólogos/unidades de saúde por nível de atenção, as maiores ofertas foram observadas na Atenção Hospitalar e, as menores, na Atenção Básica. O deficit estimado de fonoaudiólogos foi expressivo, com diferenças intrarregionais. Conclusão A oferta de fonoaudiólogos na rede pública municipal de saúde, via administração direta, nas capitais do Nordeste do país, é insuficiente e desigual, restringindo o acesso da população aos serviços de Fonoaudiologia.

Early diagnosis of uterine cervical cancer is extremely important to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by this type of cancer. This justifies a study to examine the coverage and results of the Pap smear test in SUS users, taking into account the alterations pattern and proposed treatment, and the women proportion who do not return to receive the results of such tests. With these aims, it was developed a quantitative, descriptive and exploratory research, using the records of a Basic Health Unit (UBS) in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro and databases (SISCOLO and IBGE) of 2011. The results pointed total coverage of 11.25%, abnormal results in 78.66% of cases, proportion of 29.9% of exams undeliverable, average time between collection and arrival of the exam result into UBS of one month and 26 days and average time between collection and delivery of the results to the user of four months and six days.

Objective. To estimate the effective coverage (EC) of treatment of hypertension (HT) in Mexican adults in 2012 and compared with those reported in 2006. Materials and methods. The National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 was analyzed. The EC has three dimensions: health need as prevalence of HT, utilization of health services when the need is real and quality as recovering health after the treatment. The EC of treatment of HT was estimated using instrumental variables. Results. In 2012, the EC national of treatment of HT was 28.3% (95%CI 26.5-30.1), ranging from Michoacan with 19.3% (15.3-23.4) to State of Mexico with 39.7% in (25.3-54.0). From 2006 to 2012 the national EC increased 22.5%. Conclusion. The EC treatment of hypertension is low and heterogeneous. The use of synthetic indicators should be a daily exercise of measurement, because report summarizes the performance of state health systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The precise knowledge of the hepatitis B vaccination coverage is a key element for the epidemiological surveillance and interruption of the infection transmission chain. The objective of that study is to analyze the accession and the vaccination status against hepatitis B in the general population. It is an integrative literature review. They sought for articles in databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) - Nursing and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Articles published in Portuguese, available online in full text and published from 2005 to 2013. At the end, 17 of the selected articles to review were included. A low vaccination coverage ranging from 14% to 99% between the groups was found. The main factors related to non-accession to vaccination were: not to like needle, to be treated for HIV, low income, lack of knowledge about the vaccines, among others. We conclude that the immunization coverage for hepatitis B is below of the recommended by the Brazilian Department of Health. In this sense, it is suggested greater role of the Family Health Strategy, in the target population of the vaccine, especially schoolchildren, and increase in permanent education health professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O câncer de colo do útero é o segundo mais comum em mulheres no Brasil e no mundo e pode ser evitado através da detecção precoce de lesões precursoras. O exame citopatológico de colo uterino ainda é o mais efetivo e eficiente para realizar este rastreamento. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a cobertura e a adequação do exame citopatológico e fatores associados. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 3.939 mulheres que tiveram filho nos últimos dois anos anteriores à pesquisa, distribuídas em 41 municípios brasileiros. A cobertura do exame na vida foi de 75,3% (IC95%: 74,0-76,7) e a adequação foi de 70,7% (IC95%: 69,3-72,1). A adequação associou-se positivamente com idade maior de 25 anos, maior escolaridade, fazer pré-natal na última gestação e consultar para exame ginecológico no último ano. Foi menos frequente entre mulheres do estrato socioeconômico mais baixo e primíparas. Portanto, faz-se necessário fortalecer as ações preventivas para os subgrupos de mulheres mais vulneráveis, assim como potencializar as situações de utilização dos serviços de saúde.Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women both in Brazil and elsewhere in the world and can be averted through early detection of precursor lesions. Pap smear is still the most effective and efficient screening test. This study focused on the coverage and adequacy of Pap test and associated factors. The authors adopted a cross-sectional design with a sample of 3,939 women who had given birth in the two previous years in 41 municipalities (counties) of Brazil. Lifetime Pap test coverage was 75.3% (95%CI: 74.0-76.7), and prevalence of adequacy was 70.7% (95%CI: 69.3-72.1). Adequacy was positively associated with age over 25 years, schooling, prenatal care in the last pregnancy, and gynecological visit in the previous year, and was less frequent among primiparous women and those with lower socioeconomic status. It is thus necessary to strengthen preventive measures in vulnerable subgroups and maximize situations for use of health services.

Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a assistência recebida durante o pré-natal nos setores público e privado em Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Aplicou-se questionário padronizado a todas as mães residentes nesse município, cujos filhos nasceram nas duas únicas maternidades locais entre 1º de janeiro e 31 de dezembro de 2010. Os locais de consultas avaliados no setor público foram as unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) com e sem Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e os ambulatórios; no setor privado foram as clínicas de convênio e os consultórios particulares. Utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado para comparar proporções. A taxa de respondentes foi de 97,2% (2.395 em 2.464). Dentre as 23 variáveis e indicadores avaliados nesses locais, sete mostraram nítida vantagem para mães que consultaram na ESF e seis para mães atendidas em clínica de convênio e consultório particular. Quatro variáveis mostraram cobertura praticamente universal nos cinco locais estudados. A assistência pré-natal mostrou melhor cobertura para gestantes atendidas no setor privado. Gestantes atendidas na ESF apresentaram cobertura semelhante àquela observada no setor privado.This study aimed to evaluate public and private prenatal care for women in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Women who gave birth at the two local maternity hospitals from January 1 to December 31, 2010, answered a standardized questionnaire. The interview sites in the public sector were primary health care units with and without the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and outpatient clinics; the private sector included clinics operated by health plans and private physicians' offices. The chi-square test was used to compare proportions. The response rate was 97.2% (2,395 out of 2,464). Among the 23 target variables and indicators, seven showed a clear advantage for mothers who had received prenatal care under the FHS and six for health plan clinics and private offices. Four variables showed virtually universal coverage at all five study sites. Prenatal care showed better coverage for pregnant women treated in the private sector. Pregnant women treated under the FHS showed similar coverage to that in the private sector.

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência e identificar fatores associados ao não rastreamento voluntário para citopatológico (CP) de colo uterino entre puérperas em Rio Grande (RS). MÉTODOS: Entrevistadores previamente treinados aplicaram questionário padronizado, ainda na maternidade, em busca de informações sobre características demográficas da gestante, nível socioeconômico da família e tipo de assistência recebida durante o pré-natal para todas aquelas residentes nesse município que tiveram filhos entre 1º de janeiro e 31 de dezembro de 2010. Foram utilizados o teste do χ² para comparar proporções e a regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância na análise multivariável. RESULTADOS: Dentre as 2.288 entrevistadas, 33% não se submeteram ao CP de colo uterino. Destas, dois terços disseram desconhecer a necessidade de realizá-lo, 18% não fizeram este exame por medo ou vergonha e as demais por outras razões. Após ajuste para diversos fatores de confusão, as maiores razões de prevalência (RP) para não buscar por CP ocorreram entre aquelas de menor idade (RP=1,5; IC95% 1,25 - 1,80) e escolaridade (RP=1,5; IC95% 1,12 - 2,12), que viviam sem companheiro (RP=1,4; IC95% 1,24 - 1,62), fumantes (RP=1,2; IC95% 1,07 - 1,39), que não planejaram a gravidez (RP=1,3; IC95% 1,21 - 1,61), que completaram menos de seis consultas durante pré-natal (RP=1,4; IC95% 1,32 - 1,69) e usuárias de contraceptivo oral (RP=1,2; IC95% 1,04 - 1,38). CONCLUSÕES: Quanto maior o risco para câncer de colo uterino, menor a probabilidade de a gestante se submeter ao CP de colo uterino. Isso, certamente, tem contribuído para o aumento da morbimortalidade por esta doença nesta localidade.PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with failure of voluntary screening for cervical cancer during the gestational period in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil. METHODS: Previously trained interviewers applied a standardized questionnaire in the maternity to all mothers from this municipality who had delivered from January 1st to December 31st 2010 to obtain information about the demographic characteristics of the pregnant women, family socioeconomic status, and prenatal care received. The χ² test was used to compare proportions and Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance was used in the multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Among the 2,288 respondents, 33% were not submitted to the Pap smear during pregnancy. Two thirds of these women stated that they were not aware of the need to perform it, 18% were not screened out of fear or shame, and the rest for other reasons. After adjustment, the highest prevalence ratios (PR) for noncompliance with the Pap smear occurred among young women (PR=1.5; 95%CI 1.25 - 1.80), with lower educational level (PR=1.5; 95%CI 1.12 - 2.12), who were living without a partner (PR=1.4; 95%CI 1.24 - 1.62), smokers (PR=1.2; 95%CI 1.07 - 1.39), who did not plan the current pregnancy (PR=1.3; 95%CI 1,21 - 1.61), who had attended less than six medical visits during the prenatal period (PR=1.4; 95%CI 1.32 - 1.69) and among users of oral contraceptives (PR=1.2; 95%CI 1.04 - 1.38). CONCLUSIONS: The higher the risk for uterine cervical cancer, the less likely a pregnant woman is to undergo a Pap smear. This definitely contributed to the increased morbidity and mortality from this disease in this setting.

Com o objetivo de testar abordagem metodológica para avaliação da cobertura dos serviços de atenção básica em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil (2000 a 2007), foi realizado um estudo de agregados espacial e temporal, tendo como unidades de análise o município e seus 12 Distritos Sanitários. Foram estimadas as coberturas real e potencial de diversos procedimentos realizados na atenção básica. Para a estimativa das coberturas, além do padrão ministerial, foi elaborado um segundo padrão com o objetivo de estabelecer uma aproximação com as necessidades de saúde da população. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIA-SUS). Foram encontradas baixas coberturas assistenciais no período analisado, a despeito da ampliação discreta verificada tanto na cobertura real de consultas médicas (7,8%), quanto na produção de ações básicas de enfermagem (66,7%). Já as consultas odontológicas apresentaram redução em 40%. Foram discutidas tanto as possibilidades de uso da metodologia para o monitoramento da cobertura, como as suas limitações tendo em vista as deficiências dos sistemas de informação.In order to test a method for evaluating coverage of primary healthcare services in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil (2000-2007), a study of spatial and temporal clusters was performed, with the city and its 12 health districts as the analytical units. The real and potential coverage rates were estimated for various primary care procedures. Estimation of coverage rates used both the Ministry of Health guideline and a second standard aimed at establishing an approximation to the population's health needs. The data were obtained from the Outpatient Information System of the Unified National Health System (SIA-SUS). Low coverage rates were observed, despite a slight increase in real coverage for medical consultations (7.8%) and basic nursing care (66.7%). Meanwhile, dental consultations showed a 40% reduction. The study discussed the possibilities for using the methodology to monitor coverage and its limitations given the deficiencies in the information systems.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as ações do Programa "Um Beijo Pela Vida", desenvolvido em um município do Nordeste brasileiro visando ampliar a adesão ao rastreamento do câncer de mama em mulheres cadastradas pela Estratégia Saúde da Família. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se abordagem quantitativa para avaliar a cobertura das ações de rastreamento nas mulheres com 40 anos de idade ou mais. Foi realizada busca ativa das mulheres por agentes comunitários de saúde das nove Equipes de Saúde da Família do município. Os percentuais das mulheres submetidas ao exame clínico das mamas e à mamografia; de exames na faixa etária recomendada pelo Programa; da classificação das lesões mamográficas, de acordo com o BI-RADS®; das mulheres que receberam encaminhamento para diagnóstico e tratamento e o número de casos de câncer de mama detectados foram colhidos por meio de um questionário estruturado, analisados pelo programa EPI-INFO TM e confrontados a padrões previamente fixados. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídas 3.608 mulheres, correspondendo a 68,4% da população-alvo inscrita na Estratégia Saúde da Família. As taxas de cobertura do exame clínico das mamas para mulheres de 40 a 49 anos e da mamografia para mulheres de 50 a 69 anos foram de 58,9 e 56,7%, respectivamente. As mulheres com lesões mamográficas altamente suspeitas foram submetidas à punção por agulha fina ou por agulha grossa (100%). Seis casos novos de câncer foram detectados. Foram cumpridos 80% dos padrões analisados. CONCLUSÕES: A avaliação das ações do Programa aponta para sua adequação, considerando-se o grau de cumprimento das exigências previamente definidas.PURPOSE: To evaluate the actions of the "Um Beijo Pela Vida" Program developed in a Brazilian Northeast city to increase adherence to breast cancer screening by women registered by the Brazilian Family Health Strategy for breast cancer screening. METHODS: A quantitative approach was used to evaluate the coverage of screening actions for aged 40 years-old or more. Community workers from the nine Family Health Teams of the town carried out an active search. The percentage of eligible women who were screened for breast cancer by clinical breast examination or mammography, mammogram classification according to BI-RADS®, women screened who were referred for further testing and treatment, and the number of breast cancers detected were collected by means of a structured questionnaire, analyzed with the EPI-INFO TM software and compared to previously defined patterns. RESULTS: 3,608 women were included, corresponding to 68.4% of the target population registered in the Brazilian Family Health Strategy. Coverage rates of clinical breast examination for women aged 40 to 49 years-old and of mammograms for women aged 50 to 69 years-old were 58.9 and 56.7%, respectively. All women with highly suspicious mammographic lesions were submitted to fine needle aspiration or core biopsy (100%). Six new cases of cancer were detected and 80% of the standards established for this evaluation were carried out. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation of the actions of the Program suggests its adequacy considering the degree of fulfillment of the previously defined requirements.

Este estudo transversal objetivou estimar a cobertura da mamografia no Estado de Goiás, Brasil, descrevendo sua oferta, demanda e variações para as diversas faixas etárias, tendo como unidades de observação 98 serviços de mamografia. Foram estimados as frequências de realização da mamografia por faixa etária e tipo de sistema de saúde, bem como o número de exames necessários para a cobertura de 70% e 100% da população-alvo. Foi avaliada a associação entre a realização da mamografia, a distribuição geográfica dos mamógrafos, o tipo de atendimento e a faixa etária. As estimativas de cobertura total para 100% das mulheres nas faixas etárias de 40-69 anos e de 50-69 anos foram de 61% e 66%, tendo o Sistema Único de Saúde contribuído com 13% e 14%, respectivamente. Para atingir 70% de cobertura, seria necessário realizar 43.424 mamografias adicionais. Todas as associações apresentaram diferença estatística significativa (p < 0,001). Conclui-se que a cobertura da mamografia está distribuída de maneira desigual no Estado de Goiás e o número de exames realizados é inferior ao necessário.This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate mammogram coverage in the State of Goiás, Brazil, describing the supply, demand, and variations in different age groups, evaluating 98 mammography services as observational units. We estimated the mammogram rates by age group and type of health service, as well as the number of tests required to cover 70% and 100% of the target population. We assessed the association between mammograms, geographical distribution of mammography machines, type of service, and age group. Full coverage estimates, considering 100% of women in the 40-69 and 50-69-year age brackets, were 61% and 66%, of which the Brazilian Unified National Health System provided 13% and 14%, respectively. To achieve 70% coverage, 43,424 additional mammograms would be needed. All the associations showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). We conclude that mammogram coverage is unevenly distributed in the State of Goiás and that fewer tests are performed than required.

A cobertura do teste de Papanicolaou e fatores associados foram investigados entre mulheres de 20 a 59 anos de idade, residentes na área urbana de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foi realizado estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra aleatória por conglomerados. Examinaram-se dois desfechos: realização do Papanicolaou em algum momento na vida e exames em atraso (período maior que três anos desde o último teste ou nunca realizado). Entre 952 mulheres entrevistadas, 93% (IC95%: 91,5-94,7) realizaram o teste pelo menos uma vez na vida e 14% (IC95%: 11,8-16,2) estavam com o procedimento em atraso. Por meio da regressão de Poisson, constatou-se que estado civil, escolaridade, doenças crônicas autorreferidas e consulta médica foram fatores significativamente associados com ambos os desfechos. Idade, renda e internação hospitalar no último ano estiveram associadas somente com a realização do Papanicolaou na vida. A cobertura do teste de Papanicolaou foi elevada, porém existem disparidades socioeconômicas e demográficas, além do predomínio do rastreamento oportunístico.This study focused on coverage of screening for cervical cancer and associated factors in women 20 to 59 years of age in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in 2009. This was a cross-sectional study using cluster random sampling. Two outcomes were examined: a history of at least one Papanicolaou test and delaying the test (never performed or performed more than three years previously). Among 952 women, 93% (95%CI: 91.5-94.7) had ever had a Pap smear, whereas 14% (95%CI: 11.8-16.2) had delayed the test. According to Poisson regression, both outcomes were associated with marital status, schooling, presence of chronic disease, and consulting a physician for other reasons. Age, income, and hospitalization in the previous year were only associated with ever having a Pap smear. Although test coverage was high, much of the screening was opportunistic. In addition, various social, economic, and demographic disparities influenced the odds of being screened.

Este artigo aborda a implantação do Programa Saúde da Família (PSF) em municípios do Estado do Amazonas, Brasil, analisando indicadores de cobertura populacional potencial, indícios de mudança do modelo assistencial e indício de impacto (2004 e 2008). A classificação de implantação foi intermediária e insatisfatória. Os resultados mostram aumento no número de municípios com PSF implantado, assim como na cobertura do programa, porém ainda abaixo de 50% da cobertura populacional. Para a dimensão de mudança no modelo assistencial, não foram observados municípios com alto índice de mudança. No indício de impacto houve diminuição no baixo impacto e aumento do alto impacto. O teste estatístico indica que a classificação final não apresentou mudança estatisticamente significante entre um ano e outro, prevalecendo nos municípios do Estado do Amazonas a classificação de implantação insatisfatória. A avaliação do PSF não é algo simples, pois há vários fatores que contribuem para essa problemática. Outros estudos poderão revelar os fatores para sua classificação insatisfatória no Estado do Amazonas.This article focuses on the implementation of the Family Health Program (FHP) in municipalities (counties) in the State of Amazonas, Brazil, analyzing potential population coverage, evidence of change in the health care model, and impact (2004 and 2008). Implementation was classified as fair versus unsatisfactory. The findings showed an increase in the number of municipalities with the FHP implemented, as well as in the program's coverage (which nevertheless was less than 50% of the population). Concerning change in the health care model, no municipalities were observed with a high rate of change. As for impact, there was a decrease in low impact and an increase in high impact. The final classification did not show a statistically significant change from one year to the next, and unsatisfactory implementation prevailed in the municipalities of the State of Amazonas. Evaluation of the FHP is not simple, since there are various factors involved in the issue. Further studies could reveal the factors that explain the program's suboptimal implementation in the State of Amazonas.

OBJETIVO: Comparar el tamaño promedio de las familias del Seguro Popular de Salud (SPS) e identificar las variables que mejor predicen la afiliación unipersonal. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se comparan tamaños promedios de familias según los Padrones 2004 a 2006 del SPS y otras fuentes. Se ajustan modelos logísticos para identificar las variables explicativas de la afiliación como familia unipersonal. RESULTADOS: Las familias del SPS en promedio tienen un miembro menos respecto de otras fuentes. Los modelos logísticos indican que cuanto más reciente es el año de afiliación tanto mayor es la probabilidad de afiliarse como familia unipersonal CONCLUSIONES: El menor número de miembros por familia afiliada implica un sobrefinanciamiento al SPS. Se recomienda cambiar la unidad de financiamiento hacia la persona, para apoyar el sostenimiento financiero y operativo del SPS en el mediano y largo plazos.OBJECTIVE: To compare the average size of families affiliated with Popular Health Insurance (SPS, abbrev. in Spanish) and identify variables that best predict single-person affiliation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Average sizes of families in the SPS are compared using 2004-2006 enrollment records and other sources. Logistic models are used to identify explanatory variables for affiliation as a single-person family. RESULTS: SPS families on average are composed of one member less in comparison with other sources. The logistic models indicate that the more recent the affiliation year the more probable is affiliation as a single-person family. CONCLUSIONS: The smaller number of family members implies an over-financing by the SPS. It is recommended to change the unit of financing to the individual to help the operational and financial sustainability of the SPS over the mid- to long-term.

Este artigo analisa a cobertura da mamografia em Mato Grosso do Sul em 2004, considerando sua variação nas regiões e nos municípios que referenciam e realizam o exame. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um estudo utilizando dados secundários como fontes de informações referentes ao ano de 2004. Foram analisados os 77 municípios do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. A coleta dos dados e sua análise obedeceram à seguinte classificação: municípios sem serviços de mamografia que encaminham as mulheres para o exame; municípios com serviços de mamografia (municípios-referência) que realizam os exames. A análise dos resultados foi feita sobre as três regiões do estado. Os resultados apontaram: a oferta de exames é inferior ao necessário; a cobertura é desigual para as diferentes regiões; os termos de compromisso pactuados na PPI não atendem às recomendações do Consenso para Controle do Câncer de Mama. Foi possível concluir que somente em uma região a cobertura dos exames é homogênea. A região que tem maior concentração de mamógrafos apresenta acentuada desigualdade de cobertura.This article analyzes mammogram coverage in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in 2004, considering the differences between the regions and towns that prescribe and those that carry out the exam. The study used secondary data from all of the state's 77 municipalities. Data collection and analysis had the following classification: towns that don't have mammogram services and refer the women to another location to have their exams; towns that have mammogram services (reference towns) and carry out the exam. All three regions of the state were analyzed. The results show that: the offer is below the demand for the exam; the coverage is unequal for the different regions; the commitment to the terms of the Programmed and Integrated Pact fulfill the recommendations of the Breast Cancer Control Consensus. In only one region the exam coverage is uniform. The region with the highest concentration of mammogram machines has very unequal coverage.