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Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) people are subject to many inequities worldwide, and research is no exception. We report lessons learnt as researchers conducting a qualitative study during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic involving participants of refugee backgrounds. We found that despite the best intentions of the research team, a variety of factors in methodology and data collection presented unexpected barriers for our studied population. We share our reflections to assist others in their research endeavours. Researchers and institutions have a moral obligation to provide research practices that are both suitable and beneficial to the community. Collaborating with community members in the research process allows researchers to create ethically sound, practical studies with maximum utility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This scoping review seeks to detail experiences of inequitable treatment, as self-reported by international medical graduates (IMGs), across time and location., Design: Scoping review., Search Strategy: Three academic medical databases (MEDLINE, SCOPUS and PSYCINFO) and grey literature (GOOGLE SCHOLAR) were systematically searched for studies reporting first-hand IMG experiences of perceived inequitable treatment in the workplace: discrimination, prejudice or bias. Original (in English) qualitative, quantitative, mixed studies or inquiry-based reports from inception until 31 December 2022, which documented direct involvement of IMGs in the data were eligible for inclusion in the review. Systematic reviews, scoping reviews, letters, editorials, news items and commentaries were excluded. Study characteristics and common themes were identified and analysed through an iterative process., Results: We found 33 publications representing 31 studies from USA, Australia, UK, Canada, Germany, Finland, South Africa, Austria, Ireland and Saudi Arabia, published between 1982 and 2022. Common themes identified by extraction were: (1) inadequate professional recognition, including unmatched assigned work or pay; (2) perceived lack of choice and opportunities such as limited freedoms and perceived control over own future; (3) marginalisation-subtle interpersonal exclusions, stereotypes and stigma; (4) favouring of local graduates; (5) verbal insults, culturally or racially insensitive or offensive comments; and (6) harsher sanctions. Other themes identified were effects on well-being and proposed solutions to inequity., Conclusions: This study found evidence that IMGs believe they are subject to numerous common inequitable workplace experiences and that these experiences have self-reported repercussions on well-being and career trajectory. Further research is needed to substantiate correlations and causality in relation to outcomes of well-being and differential career attainment. Furthermore, research into support for IMGs and the creation of more equitable workforce environments is also recommended., Competing Interests: Competing interests: SJRH and BRN are international medical graduates. BRN is the Director of the Workplace Based Assessment (WBA) Program for International Medical Graduates at Hunter New England Health, Australia and chairs the WBA development group for the Australian Medical Council., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)