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The proposed article describes the functional and pragmatic opportunities of the structural elements of the Russian social media with an emphasis on their stylistic characteristics. The range of issues selected for highlighting consists of an analysis of the basic lexical and syntactic agents involved not only in the heading complex, but also in the general content. In the process of studying the designated question, it is proved that the main purpose of paths and figures of speech in the media is to convey the hidden self-proposition of a journalist, influence the reader and cause an emotional response to him. Headings with expression techniques reflect the author’s position better, thus affects the world view of the reader, his attitude to the describing events. It make the recipient rethink some shades of information and covert meanings. Therefore, they attract the recipient into internal discussion rather faster, they force him to analyze the situation and subsequently set the direction of actions.

Social media platforms have become omnipresent over the last fifteen years and have forced news outlets to repackage the distribution of their content, custom-tailoring their news in accordance with the platform-specific social media logic. How news consumers engage with news outlets' content has also become more complex and more granular, as they can now express emotions that go beyond the "like-button" by "loving" or "caring" about specific (news) content. In this study, we link these Facebook Reactions to the specific features of headlines by conducting a content analysis of 3,163 news articles published by five Flemish news brands on Facebook. Results have revealed that status messages contain more emotional stylistic features as compared to Facebook headlines. Secondly, headlines and status messages comprising these emotional features were more likely to generate affective responses (as expressed in the emoji they use, "love", "haha", "wow", "angry" and "sad"). In doing so, this study has examined Facebook Reactions' functionality as a potential proxy of emotional engagement with specific headlines in the online news environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

News headlines play a prominent role in both linguistic and extra-linguistic factors of news translation. This study aims at describing how thematic structure of news headlines represents news writer’s intention, and how this intention is transferred into the target text by the translator journalists. The data consists of news headlines from an Indonesian online news site, translated from English language news from international news wires. Using a qualitative method, the data was analyzed using Hallidayan concept of Thematic Structure, and Stiles’ Levels of Intention, and applied Spradley model of data analysis. The study highlights actors as an important element, proven by the frequent use of proper nouns, S + V clause patterns, and the very limited use of passivation. This intention was conveyed differently in the translation, as shown by changes in the thematic structure of some headline clauses, including different representations of the subject in some clauses, and changes from unmarked to marked topical themes, or vice versa, in other clauses. These indicate that the translator adapted certain intentions of the source text.

A spoonerism is a linguistic phenomenon that involves switching sounds between two or more words. Spoonerism is frequently used in the headlines of news articles, where it is employed to maintain sound harmony and grab readers’ attention. This study focuses on the spoonerism in the headlines of Primetime News on Metro TV, aiming to explore the different patterns and understandings of the phenomenon. We used critical discourse analysis as the primary method, and we collected the data from December 2022 to February 2023 from the website metrotvnews.com. The results show that twenty-one headlines use paired words with harmonious sounds, with eight different word combinations and seven distinct patterns of sound harmonization. The use of paired words with harmonious sounds in news headlines attracts the audience’s attention and adds appeal to the title. This research can provide valuable insights for media practitioners in crafting engaging news headlines and may open opportunities for further research on spoonerism in Indonesian-language news titles. Overall, this study offers an overview of the use of spoonerism in news headlines and its purpose, while also contributing to a better understanding of language and media.

This study investigates the process of translating newspaper titles from Indonesian to English. This study aims to determine the ability of students to provide equivalent titles of English-language newspapers in Indonesia. In particular, this research is expected to be able to: Overcome the difficulties currently faced by students in translating newspaper titles, showing grammatical deviations that students have in trying to translate newspaper titles, provide evidence of mechanical problems that arise. This research uses a case study approach. There were 15 newspaper headlines which were delivered to as many as 15 respondents who were sixth semester students of the English Department. The data collection method is to talk about instructions to students before starting to translate newspaper titles. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive analysis method. The data obtained is classified into several aspects of analysis including grammatical errors. The results of the analysis show that students earn a percentage depending on their abilities (application of grammar knowledge) or skills, how to translate local newspapers into English, it is true. Therefore, the researcher suggests readers or students to keep themselves busy by reading local newspapers (fajar and kompas) and in English (example: Jakarta post). In this way, they can acquire globalization knowledge and also indirectly improve their vocabulary and grammar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Slavica Wratislaviensia is the property of Wroclaw University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Slavica Wratislaviensia is the property of Wroclaw University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, selected headlines on the topic of coronavirus in the German and Polish online tabloid press will be analysed and described. The aim is to shed light on linguistic and graphical characteristic of the headlines examined as well as to show differences and similarities in the design of the headlines in the two languages. The following text presents press headlines from two online sources – the Bild newspaper and Superexpress (bild.de and se.pl). Based on the collected material the author discusses the following phenomena: graphic distinctions, noun accumulations, exclamations, questions in the headline, as well as the area of evaluating vocabulary. The used phenomena attract the reader’s attention and encourage to read. It is also not without significance that the issues discussed evoke emotions and feelings of fear, anxiety and uncertainty in the reader, which accompany the epidemic situation. The article ends by summarising the analysis and pointing out the differences between the two languages and styles.

Заголовок принято рассматривать с точки зрения его восприятия адресатом, поскольку это элемент текста, организующий и оптимизирующий понимание информации читателем. Адресат, прочитывая этот графически выделенный элемент новости, получает в компрессированной форме представление о содержании текста. При этом у адресата возникает набор ассоциаций, оценок, суждений, формирующих отношение к предмету речи. Заголовок – ключевой компонент текста, обладающий сильным воздействующим потенциалом. С помощью заголовка возможно манипулирование эмоциями и сознанием адресата. Именно поэтому искажение информации, которое активно используется в заголовках современных медиатекстов, заслуживает регулярного изучения.

The paper deals with manipulative means in clickbait headlines of online media. The aim of the article is to distinguish and examine the used in implicit clickbaits manipulative means which help to cultivate the reader’s interest and make them pass to the article. The relevance of the current investigation is determined by a wide spread of clickbaits in media cyberspace, the users’ negative attitude to them and their constant evolvement for concealment and formal conformation to the criteria of non-blocked headlines. The analysed material comprises the clickbait headlines in online media whose announcements are presented on large Russian news aggregators. The material was selected within 2018-2022. The overall number of investigated materials is 3050 units. The material is analysed using such methods as introspection, conceptual modelling, unselected and purposive samplings and interpretative analysis. The analysed material shows that according to the degree of connection with the article clickbat headlines can be divided into 4 types: 1) clickbait headlines of “universal” wording applicable to texts with any content; 2) clickbait headlines which are not connected with the content of the article, 3) clickbait headlines connected with the content of the article via their non-sensational parts; 4) clickbait headlines reflecting the content of the article. Three first types are considered obvious clickbaits while the last one is an implicit clickbait. The manipulative means which give an opportunity to make a clickbait implicit include manipulation with word meanings, stylistic and grammatical manipulations, provoking logical mistakes, reticence, overstatement, neglecting the time factor, taking a statement out of context, substitution of concepts, assimilation of headlines to typical associations.

Headlines in English-language mass media are a research challenge due to their unique discursive characteristics as small-format texts. Understanding their role as an independent unit of communication between authors and readers is essential for comprehending the nuances of headline construction and interpretation. This paper comprehensively describes major functional-pragmatic properties of headlines within modern media discourse, focusing on the theory of small-format texts. The study intends to answer two research questions: 1. What are the distinctive characteristics of small-format title texts in media discourse? 2. How do small-format texts interact with the primary texts of the publication, affecting their semantics? The paper employs functional-linguistic, stylistic, statistical methods, and discourse analysis to examine a corpus of over 350 headlines randomly selected from British and American press. Informative small-format texts primarily convey the essence of the article, while persuasive small-format texts employ nonlinear discursive means to express pragmatic meanings of indirect persuasion, often utilising puns, irony, humour, and intertextuality. The paper reveals the complex system of pragma-semantic space established by journalists within the overlapping functional fields of both the headline and the primary text of the publication at three interconnected levels: the linear sum of the meaning of lexical units, the nonlinear formation of the semantic space, and the nonlinear hypertextual unity of pragma-semantic spaces between the headline and the article. The paper contributes to a deeper understanding of small-format texts in mass-media discourse, shedding light on their significance in communication and providing insights for media professionals and linguists.

Headlines in English-language mass media are a research challenge due to their unique discursive characteristics as small-format texts. Understanding their role as an independent unit of communication between authors and readers is essential for comprehending the nuances of headline construction and interpretation. This paper comprehensively describes major functional-pragmatic properties of headlines within modern media discourse, focusing on the theory of smallformat texts. The study intends to answer two research questions: 1. What are the distinctive characteristics of small-format title texts in media discourse? 2. How do small-format texts interact with the primary texts of the publication, affecting their semantics? The paper employs functional-linguistic, stylistic, statistical methods, and discourse analysis to examine a corpus of over 350 headlines randomly selected from British and American press. Informative smallformat texts primarily convey the essence of the article, while persuasive small-format texts employ nonlinear discursive means to express pragmatic meanings of indirect persuasion, often utilising puns, irony, humour, and intertextuality. The paper reveals the complex system of pragma-semantic space established by journalists within the overlapping functional fields of both the headline and the primary text of the publication at three interconnected levels: the linear sum of the meaning of lexical units, the nonlinear formation of the semantic space, and the nonlinear hypertextual unity of pragma-semantic spaces between the headline and the article. The paper contributes to a deeper understanding of small-format texts in mass-media discourse, shedding light on their significance in communication and providing insights for media professionals and linguists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Bahith Al-Aalami is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper presents the results of using eye-tracking technologies to study news materials on environmental topics collected as stimulus material and classified according to their impact on audience perception. The empirical material of the study came from news websites covering environmental issues. For objectivity, we compared two regional media resources – 74.ru (Chelyabinsk) and Aktobe Times2. We present our analysis of participants’ response to the studied materials and the degree of their influence on the participants’ emotional state and behavioral reactions. The paper also supplements the data obtained from content analysis in previous studies and expands the understanding of this issue. The chosen quantitative and qualitative approach to content research allowed us to determine the semantic and stylistic features of constructing ecotexts, determine their connotative characteristics, and classify them by groups, topics, and categories. The paper also contains survey data contributing to a deeper study of the stated problem and focusing on a detailed study of the audience’s behavioral responses. The survey data allowed us to confirm the expressed hypotheses and highlight the active areas of interest of the youth readership. Alongside the presented conclusions and points of discussion, we expressed the main assumptions highlighting the features of the formation of environmental texts in the news media.

Copyright of Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article explores the current trends in regional online journalism. The authors analyzed news headlines published on the Kuzbass online news media to identify productive patterns. Clickbait titles are a new phenomenon that borders on online journalism and news aggregators. As a rule, they disguise themselves as news headlines; however, they demonstrate semantic, lexical, stylistic, syntactic, and punctuation signs that reveal their belonging to the Yandex news aggregator.

Considering the role of newspaper editorials in shaping the opinions of the public on matters of national interest, the present study was carried out to explore how newspaper editorial headlines are constructed and packaged. A bottom-up stylistics approach was employed to ascertain some stylistic strategies or features in the headlines. It was revealed that Ghanaian editors employ several linguistic forms to trigger presuppositions and also use language devices or figures in order to affect the opinions of their readers, shape their understanding, and increase their interest to read the main text. The paper concludes that newspaper editorial headlines are not written arbitrarily but are carefully constructed to pack the greatest number of meanings in a small space. This study contributes to the existing knowledge in media discourse and stylistics in general. It presents headlines as independent text types which can be used as case studies in language classrooms to help students appreciate the application of language or literary concepts.

With the ever-increasing amount of electronic documents being generated, it is imperative to provide an intuitive headline and a concise summary of the document to help readers quickly get the gist without going through the all details. While humans have strong abilities to create headlines and generate summaries, the automatic text generation of this research field is still challenging due to the difficult language understanding and complex text synthesis. Moreover, human annotation for machine learning is another matter needed to be addressed. In this paper, we propose a joint model to resolve aforementioned issues simultaneously. To perform unsupervised training to reduce labor cost, we employ a generative adversarial network (GAN) without parallel training data. Considering that the headline and summary have strong relationship, we propose a joint model to learn better representations by including an additional type representation into the GAN. Experiments are conducted on the public dataset, NEWS-ROOM. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach is able to effectively create a reasonable headline as well as a concise summary.

The article presents a comparative analysis of intertexts in the headlines of British and Russian articles, the subject of which is the sanctions imposed by Western countries on Russia. The source of the material was the authoritative publications of Russia and Great Britain (Kommersant and The Economist). The chronological scope of the study lies within 2014 – current days. As a result of the analysis of the headlines (60 in Russian, 60 in English) containing intertexts, the author identified 5 source domains, common for British and Russian discourses, and one source domain, specific for one discourse (Russian or British): “Set expressions”, “Proverbs and sayings”, “Mass culture”, “Literature”, “Proper names”, “Situations” (for British articles), “Names of organizations / projects” (for Russian articles). The study showed that the source domain “Set expressions” turned out to be the most widely represented, and the share of intertexts from the source domain in the Russian-language headlines is more than twice bigger than their share in the British headlines. The group of intertexts from the source domain “Proverbs and sayings” turned out to be the second most represented. The most common way to include an intertextual element in a headline is lexical transformation, when a word or several words are replaced with others corresponding to the content of the article. As for the effect of including an intertextual element in the headline it can be different: comic, if the author chooses a lexical transformation that contradicts the meaning of the original text; creating a negative / positive (usually negative) image of a person or situation; forming the reader’s opinion, similar to the opinion of the author / edition.

On May 8, 2018, U.S. President Donald Trump announced the United States would withdraw from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with Iran. President Trump had campaigned on removing the U.S. from the nuclear agreement, but the announcement still caught Iran and other parties to the JCPOA by surprise. This research analyzed three days of JCPOA-related news headlines from two international broadcasters: Press TV, headquartered in Tehran, and Voice of America, located in Washington, D.C. The majority of headlines published by both news organizations exhibited negative tone. Considering that reading a headline often substitutes for reading an entire news report, examining the headlines these international broadcasters used to present this event to their global audiences is a worthwhile pursuit.

The aim of the article was to examine how a regional portal tells the stories about the Ukrainian migrants living in Lower Silesia. The objective of the research was the articles with the headlines in which the lexeme “Ukrainian” is present. The chronological scope covered media statements published on www.gazetawroclawska.pl in 2019. The previous research on the linguistic image of an Ukrainian in the Polish language led to the conclusion that Polish-Ukrainian relations are strongly historically conditioned and often inscribed in a three-part opposition: an Alien – Other – A Local boy. As a result of content analysis, typical headline constructions were decoded, announcing texts about Ukrainians on the website of “Gazeta Wrocławska”. The dominant functions of headlines, the linguistic means used there, the lemmas with the highest frequency and the stereotypes were determined. Referring to the issue of familiarity and foreignness and noticing the ethno-stereotypes about the Ukrainians in the analysed media messages, a diversified image of Ukrainian migrants was reestablished – presented as victims, a threat but also an opportunity.

The PiS party, which has been in power in Poland since October 2015, has completely subjugated the public television TVP. Every day, it runs the state propaganda, whose symbol has become the headlines in the main Polish news called Wiadomości (The News). Germany, along with the opposition and the EU, is most often attacked in them. Headlines such as “Germany does not want a strong Poland”, “Brussels, Berlin and the opposition are against Poland”, “The opposition and Germany want to punish Poland” are not uncommon and are jokingly called paski grozy (horror headlines) by internet users. The aim of this article is to examine selected headlines in relation to the linguistic persuasion strategies that serve to reinforce the negative image of Germany in Poland on the one hand, and lead to the heating up of anti-German emotions on the other. A headline is understood here as a short sentence or sentence ellipsis that has a visual character and fulfils an introductory function for the right journalistic material. The character and communication pragmatic role of such headlines coincide with those known from the press. The corpus comprises 34 headlines coming from the period of 2016–2019 and was divided into four domains with regard to the topics touched upon in them: Politics, History, Society or Economy. In the analysis, elements related to the linguistic expression of reality assessment were taken into account. Four groups of these elements were distinguished: words and expressions independent of the author, interrogative sentences, evaluative elements at the system and sentence level, and evaluative elements referring to the external linguistic context. The analysis shows that with the help of the evaluation elements at the system and sentence level, connotations and implicatures, Germany and Germans were presented in a clearly unfavourable light. In eight headlines, negative information was implied, five headlines contained negative connotations, and in six headlines other negatively charged evaluation elements were added to neutral terms. Finally, in seven headlines, lexemes occur that have exclusively a hostility-increasing role. Only 3 headlines were classified as neutral.

The research identifies the amount of headline/article discrepancies in the corpora of western (the USA, the UK) and Russian online articles on sensitive political topics. A quarter of the western headlines and nearly half of the Russian headlines distort the publications they introduce. Language means and manipulative strategies employed by different sides vary considerably. Extensive use of expressive language and style variation are seen as leading causes of distortions in the western corpus. The rich imagery used by the authors (metaphors and metonymy in particular) forms emotional implicatures that affect the reader's perception of the issue. In contrast, information substitution, subjective modality and selective citations are identified as major causes of distortions in the Russian corpus. Contributors to Russian news outlets rely on general rather than language manipulation strategies, including frequent use of logical fallacies and wrong generalizations. These techniques establish false logical sequences and wrong causative implicatures that compromise objective reporting. The underlying motives of the journalists' creating false emotional and causative implicatures in the headlines lies beyond the scope of the study; however, it is assumed that intentional change of the information introduced by the headline could be viewed as a covert misinformation attempt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The headlines of the Shahnameh are phrases placed between the verses and mention the important events that occur in the continuation of the story. In addition, headlines have a variety of functions, the most important of which is to identify parts of the story and storylines. When a reader reads a long story text, he or she becomes more aware of the need for titles that define the storyline. By removing such phrases from the stories of the Shahnameh, a part of Ferdowsi's art in organizing descriptions is also neglected. Since titles, like verses, do not have the capacity to contain stylistic and artistic features, correctors are mainly content with what is recorded in the manuscripts in choosing the correct form. This method of selection creates problems because it is onedimensional. However, the structure of the story and the title are related to each other, and more accurate recordings can be made by knowing the structure and elements of the story affecting the titles. This approach to the text and the headline provides helpful elements to the corrector and can be used to make better choices. In this article, considering the structure of the story and the connection it has with the titles, we have provided solutions for more systematic selection. In addition, during text editing, the location of each headline is as important as the recording. Considering the structure and content of the verses of the Shahnameh, we have also mentioned the exact location of these phrases and have provided suggestions for organizing the correction of the title with the approach of paying attention to the construction of the story. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study the structural components of the Advertising Discourse. The subject of this study is to investigate the peculiarities of structural components of AD through the use of means of different functional styles and it is attractive due to such pragmatic factors as font, color, size. Besides, the given article provided the analysis of advertising text. AD is a complex communicative and cognitive process, not only reflecting knowledge about the world, but also conveying a new "glossy world" in accordance with the aesthetic, pragmatic and value orientations of the author. Consequently, the purpose of AD functions is decoding conceptual and cultural information. The crucial aspect for the study is the point that the recognition of advertising discourse (AD) in linguistics creates the necessity to study the language in a broad socio-cultural context. Also, linguistics is confronted with new objectives due to the demand to study advertising discourse in tight correlation with human communicative activity. Moreover, this research lies in the fact that it fills a gap in the studies of ADs in terms of their structural features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays mass media plays crucial roles in people's lives. Online newspapers constitute a part of media discourse, which makes for extremely important bodies of text for the purposes of research in discourse analysis. In news headlines, careful and sensitive use is made of linguistic devices in order to make the headlines unique and different, influence the readers, create trust for the newspaper, and, most importantly, invite and encourage the reader to proceed to the whole story and the main body of the report/news report. In this spirit, this study is a linguistic analysis of headlines in the political section of established online American newspapers. The data for this study comprises 50 headlines collected from 5 online newspapers revolving around the theme of Donald Trump. It aims to explore the linguistics structure of newspaper headlines in the sample articles from these 5 most widely read newspapers: The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and Washington Post. In this qualitative-quantitative study, use is made of the model by Montgomery (2007) that takes account of a comprehensive picture that pays due respects to linguistic, semantic and discursive properties of headlines alongside each other in a complete package. The findings are mapped out in the form of figures and charts. The results of the frequency analysis showed that newspapers mostly used 'full sentence' and 'ellipsis' in their headlines. The qualitative analysis revealed that most of the semantic, linguistic and discursive strategies used in headlines are geared to the 'tactical incompleteness strategy', a helpful notion and a part of Montgomery's model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Введение. Изучение прагматики заглавий текстов разных стилей и жанров представляет интерес ввиду их особой роли в организации познавательной деятельности читателей и воздействия на массового адресата. Современная коммуникативно-когнитивная парадигма лингвистического знания нацелена на выявление средств и способов эффективной организации общения в разных сферах, включая массмедиа. Цель – выявление регулятивных возможностей заглавий разных типов в газетных статьях с точки зрения воздействия на массового адресата. Материал и методы. Исследование проведено на материале «Российской газеты» (№ 8393 за 2021 г.). Изучено 63 заглавия статей, размещенных на сайте «Российской газеты», c учетом содержания данных медиатекстов; обобщено 1 300 ответов 20 информантов – участников анкетирования. Работа выполнена в русле теории регулятивности, разработанной в коммуникативной стилистике текста. Результаты и обсуждение. Название отдельных статей входит как элемент в заголовочный комплекс медиатекстов «Российской газеты». Текст газетных публикаций на сайте сопровождается рубрикой, заглавием, анонсом, включает лид и указание на автора, содержит гиперссылки на другие медиатексты, фотографию, которая либо предшествует статье, либо представлена рядом с ней, выполняя иллюстративную и уточняющую функции. Установлено, что в большинстве названий доминирует воздействующая функция, связанная с привлечением внимания массового адресата, в остальных – информативная. Регулятивный потенциал названий медиатекстов в основном связан с побуждением читателей к чтению статей. Это происходит благодаря недоговоренности, смысловой многоплановости заглавий и создаваемой на этой основе интриге, привлечению внимания адресата на основе используемого в названиях приема обманутого ожидания за счет оксюморонов, употребления тропов, прецедентных текстов, языковой игры, риторических вопросов, требующих соучастия. Таким образом, спектр регулятивных средств и структур, представленных в названиях статей, позволяет стимулировать внимание читателей к знакомству с последующими за заглавием медиатекстами. По результатам опроса информантов их предположения о возможном содержании медиатекста на основе восприятия названия, как правило, не совпадали с реальным содержанием статей. Очевидно, что недоговоренность заглавий выполняет, прежде всего, прагматическую функцию и требует уточнения и дополнения в виде других сопровождающих медиатекст материалов, включая анонс и фотографии, отчасти восполняющих недостающую в названиях информацию. Выявлено, что стимулирующая роль названия определяется и установкой на целевую аудиторию, т. е. обоснована связь заглавия, стимулирующего последующее знакомство с медиатекстом, с целевой аудиторией, с фактором адресата, включая возраст потенциальных читателей и их интересы. Заключение. Предложенный подход к изучению прагматики названий как элементов медиатекста на основе теории регулятивности позволяет судить о некоторых закономерностях в организации познавательной деятельности массового адресата и эффективности типов заглавий, связанных с отражением актуальной тематики, критерием полезности для адресата, умеренной языковой оригинальности, созданием интриги за счет использования особых регулятивных средств и приемов. Полученные наблюдения представляют интерес для медиалингвистики и коммуникативной стилистики текста.

On May 8, 2018, U.S. President Donald Trump announced the United States would withdraw from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) with Iran. President Trump had campaigned on removing the U.S. from the nuclear agreement, but the announcement still caught Iran and other parties to the JCPOA by surprise. This research analyzed three days of JCPOA-related news headlines from two international broadcasters: Press TV, headquartered in Tehran, and Voice of America, located in Washington, D.C. The majority of headlines published by both news organizations exhibited negative tone. Considering that reading a headline often substitutes for reading an entire news report, examining the headlines these international broadcasters used to present this event to their global audiences is a worthwhile pursuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of College of Languages is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Main objective of the study: to identify the facts of conscious or unconscious assistance in the formation of new stereotypes and supporting active stereotypes against different social groups, for instance, drug addicts, former prisoners, Romani people and sexual minorities, among Ukrainian youth in the headlines of leading domestic news Internet resources. Methodology: documentary data analysis method was used to: a) characterize modern youth as a specific group of mass media audiences; b) further interpretation of data on young Ukrainians’ fears, preferences, expectations, values, etc. By the help of content analysis method, the potentially stereotypical markers in the titles of the analyzed Internet resources were identified and described. Results and conclusions: while making current study we relied both on open data about society and about young people, and based on this data Ukrainian high school pupils and students’ stereotypes about several social groups, including drug addicts, Roma, former prisoners and members of sexual minorities were logically identified. Content analysis based on the method of continuous sampling of RBC.ua, Ukrainian Pravda and UNIAN resources’ headlines of the first three weeks of May 2020 partly confirmed the hypothesis that Ukrainian online news mass media are able to generate and maintain their audience stereotypes, by the help of exceptional publishing news about these social groups. In general, we assessed the stereotype-generating potential of the studied media as negative. This is primarily because of following journalistic standards in the process of writing news reports extremely accurately. Significance: this research is significant for Ukrainian scientific thought because the author firstly proposed assessing the stereotype-generating potential of media texts algorithm.

Copyright of Studia Humanistyczne AGH is the property of AGH University of Science & Technology Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents a Critical Genre Analysis (CGA) of headlines and leads in six online hard news about a traffic accident involving two Brazilian citizens that summarize two socioeconomic classes: the dominant class (ACTOR 1) and the working class (ACTOR 2). Using the transitivity system of the Systemic Functional Grammar (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004) and the taxonomy for representation of social events (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003), we aim to analyze how the media recontextualize the social event and its actors in order to create particular representations of them. The analysis reveals a set of grammatical and discursive mechanisms that produce the invisibilization of ACTOR 2 as a fatal victim of the accident, while mitigating the ACTOR 1's responsability for provoking the event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research features an analysis of the headlines of economic articles published in German periodicals after the global economic crisis. The paper gives a theoretical basis of the conceptual nature of headlines and characterizes the phenomenon as a textual linguacultural concept. The subject of the present research is verbal representations of the concept "economic headline" to be found in German economic media discourse. The paper focuses on the description of the process of headline cognition that the recipient performs by interpreting the foreknowledge inherent to a headline. The analysis revealed different cognitive strategies of text producers and the variation in the verbal content of headlines. All the headings of economic articles published in German periodicals actualize the concept of "economic heading". The frequent inclusion of headline complex elements into the process of text cognition is typical for modern economic headlines. Their multilevel structure allows keeping the maximum information content as it provides the recipient with the necessary foreknowledge concerning the subject area of the article. This method accelerates the headline cognition process and results from the fact that the recipient has no time to read the whole article. The established norms of headline construction in German journalism reflect the cognition of economic reality in German linguaculture.

On September 3, 2017, North Korea underwent its sixth nuclear test despite expectations of denuclearization. News headlines from six international news sources were analyzed for journalistic tone related to the nuclear test. As with previous research on earlier tests, headlines were primarily neutral or negative regardless of the news source. Given that 60% of people only read the headlines, and a similar number share news stories on social media based on headline, examining journalistic tone in headlines during international crises is worthwhile.

The headlines are one of the most important parts of journalistic texts and we can see it also in journalist texts about Marian Kočner whose name has been connected with various causes in the Slovak media. The aim of this paper is to point out the way how Slovak media inform about M. Kočner with help of linguistics analysis and semantic interpretation. The study focuses on commentative aspect and function of headlines in mass media communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern print media, for the most part, have a representation in the Internet, and the headings of articles turn into clickable links that the reader can click on to decide whether to read or not to read this text. As a result, a number of media outlets followed the path of ‘flashy’ headlines that do not predict the content of the text, but attract the attention of a potential reader. Such headings go back to the structure of the text adopted in the Byzantine rhetorical tradition: the beginning of the text was the first sign that attracted attention. Other media outlets choose the headline strategy as “ersatz text”: the headline is a concise summary of the text. In the context of digital text consumption, such a strategy is more beneficial for the consumer: by the title, he can already read the contents of the text and not open it if necessary. This strategy inherits the Roman tradition of the beginning of the text: in Quintilian’s scheme it was assumed that the first character of the text is a short retelling-announcement, designed to unite the audience and allowing making a decision whether or not to perceive this text. An analysis of the latest headlines in digital versions of Russian and English newspapers showed that the first strategy that goes back to the rhetoric of Byzantium prevails in Russia, and the second strategy that goes back to the rhetoric of the Roman Empire prevails in Great Britain and the USA. This allows us to talk about the continuation of the traditions of the cultural paradigm in the era of digitalization and the continuity of the cultural code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advertising can be regarded as a means of persuading consumers to take action with respect to products, ideas or services. It is a complex phenomenon because it involves two interacting processes, namely, communication and persuasion, and both processes are many-faceted. When advertisers intend to make the advertisement language creative and inventive, they use language different from the linguistic norm. Being unconventional, the advertisements which adopt deviation can give the readers unexpected surprise and make a strong impression on their mind. This kind of language phenomenon is technically called linguistic deviation. Then based on some scholars’ classifications, the author classifies different deviations in advertising (deviation of phonology, graphology, lexicon, and grammar) and illustrates each deviation with some typical examples.

Současný fenomén transkulturality dnes představuje setkávání dvou a více kultur, které vykazují nejen společné, ale především rozdílné a protichůdné aspekty. Kultura každého národa je jedinečná, a proto skýtá řadu originálních aspektů. Kdykoli tedy dojde k setkání dvou a více kultur, dochází k prolínání rozmanitých kulturních prvků toho kterého národa. Jazyk patří k jednomu z nejdůležitějších odkazů, který nám byl našimi předky předáván jako součást kulturního dědictví. Současný moderní hospodářský a společenský vývoj, který lze pozorovat zejména v komunikačních médiích, nás jako uživatele jazyka nutí brát nejnovější druh médií jako výzvu, a podílet se na prezentaci kultury v rámci dnešního globalizovaného světa napříč národy a jejich kulturami.

In recent years, a variety of internet techniques for visualizing data and information have been published. The analysis of design elements, image properties, and information in the Egyptian sporting online news are the important tasks to identity, which any level to achieve this feasibility in Egyptian sporting online news as the main aim of this research paper. This paper depends on the descriptive process of samples of Egyptian sporting online news, which were selected according to specified parameters, and then utilized the analytical method to analyze the graphic design elements, regardless content. The study concluded with a series of results, the most important of which are: There is no clear interest in the Egyptian sporting online news, by exploiting the full potential of the infographic tools and the lack of a clear policy towards interactivity. The research also pointed to the keenness of websites to link to social media sites, although there is a mechanism for public participation and comment, which it is not activated because the editors did not care to respond to readers' queries, it came in general free from any comments. Egyptian sporting online news is using video clips that does not convey information about the event, but just a video of the events without any visualization tools, and some of them are imported from television channels without any addition from the designers of the video. The study recommends attention to the text characterization and also to avoid using the size of 12 pixels and avoid the use of small images, as well as attention to the output of the video in the Egyptian sporting online news, which can give the reader more space than interactive.

Рассматриваются расчлененные синтаксические конструкции в качестве одной из продуктивных синтаксических моделей, использующихся для оформления заголовка сетевой качественной прессы. Материалом для исследования послужили заголовки из архивов сетевых версий британских изданий «The Telegraph» и «The Independent» за 2015 и 2017 годы. Предпринимается попытка объяснить появление данных синтаксических конструкций в позиции заголовка и выделить основные типы расчлененных синтаксических конструкций, которые чаще всего встречаются в позиции заголовка сетевого медиатекста: сегментированные, присоединительные, парцеллированные конструкции, конструкции с парантетическими включениями и расчлененные конструкции смешанного типа. В результате исследования делается вывод о том, что данные конструкции позволяют увеличить информационное наполнение заголовка с учетом особенностей сетевой коммуникации и повышением его экспрессивности, направленным на привлечение большего числа читательской аудитории.

The issue of the price of the wheat at harvesting in connection to high speculation, which is often illegal is a serious problem, with multiple negative effects on national, local and individual level. A campaign against this activity involves a set of tools to act simultaneously. Identifying a psychological problem and differentiated features this study proposes an advertising campaign for capitalizing on the concept of wheat in the collective mentality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]