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This article is a study of the morphosyntax of the clausal periphery in Wolof, specifically the two layers commonly labeled CP and IP. It has long been noted that (a) C and I share a number of properties, and (b) languages differ in the amount of structure over which functional features are distributed. I propose a structure-building mechanism that can both explain the C-I relationship and derive the variation in the distribution of features over syntactic heads. I argue that features of C and I are bundled together and that this feature bundle can be divided into multiple heads via Head Splitting, which allows parts of feature bundles to reproject. The proposal is illustrated through a detailed exploration of the C-I domain in Wolof, which bundles C and I into one head in some structures and splits them in others.

A large body of research on emotion communication has demonstrated that facial muscle movements (i.e., facial expressions) influence social perceptions made from faces. However, new research suggests that head position can also affect the way that faces are perceived, by systematically changing the appearance of the face. More specifically, according to the action-unit imposter account, tilting one's head downward causes the eyebrows to appear lower and take on a V shape-the same appearance cues associated with a particular facial muscle movement (corrugator activity, or Action Unit 4 [AU4]). Drawing on this account, four studies (two of which were preregistered) tested whether a downward head tilt intensifies perceptions of facial expressions of emotion that include V-shaped eyebrows from AU4 but weaken perceptions of expressions that do not. Supporting this hypothesis, findings showed that (a) when the head is tilted downward, anger expressions-which include V-shaped eyebrows from AU4-are perceived as more intense, whereas expressions of happiness, disgust, fear, and surprise-which do not include V-shaped eyebrows from AU4-are perceived as less intense; (b) visually apparent changes to the eyebrows caused by the action-unit imposter effect account for the effect of a downward head tilt on perceptions of anger; and (c) this head movement is spontaneously used by individuals seeking to encode facial expressions of anger. Together, findings suggest that head movements play an important role in communicating emotion expressions from the face, especially anger. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

This article explores signs of hospitality in the tourism linguistic landscape (LL) of the Kumano Kodo Pilgrimage Trail in Wakayama, Japan. We argue that the multilingualization of visible tourism public signage in this rural region raises important philosophical questions of hospitality. With the help of Jacque Derrida to navigate this terrain, we examine how rural communities communicate and negotiate hospitality in a rapidly internationalizing rural tourism destination. Combining photographic data, participant observation, and open-ended interviews, we offer a close reading of the tourism LL at three gathering points along the Nakahechi route: Shingu City station, Kumano Hongu Taisha, and the small village of Chikatsuyu. The article is structured as follows. We begin by defining LL studies and draw attention to the current research in tourism settings. Next, an overview of Derrida's contribution to the philosophy of hospitality is presented, which acts as a guide for reading the trail's tourism LL. The discussion then revolves around three main themes: the host as hostage to hospitality; the reproduction of the conditional hospitality through tourism LL; and the work of hospitality understood as an ethic of negotiating the threshold of the unconditional and conditional, the impossible and the unavoidable. Bringing together a philosophy of hospitality with tourism LL research, the article adds new theoretical perspectives to the study of LL. It also deepens our understandings of the relationship between hospitality, tourism, and linguistic landscapes.

The present study examines differences and similarities in the realization of compliments (on skills) in Cameroon and Canadian French. The data were collected by means of discourse completion tasks (DCT) administered to 55 participants in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and 39 respondents in Montréal (Canada). The 277 compliments obtained were analyzed according to the following three aspects: a) head act strategies (direct and indirect compliments), b) lexico-semantic and syntactic features of complimentary utterances, and c) external modification. With regard to head act strategies, the results show a preference for double head acts by the Cameroonian participants, while the Canadians more frequently employed single head acts. It was also found that indirect realizations of head acts occurred only in the Cameroonian data. Positive evaluation markers (e.g. adjectives, adverbs, verbs) and syntactic devices appearing in the compliments varied in type and frequency in the two varieties of French under investigation. The analysis of external modifications reveals that participants of both groups used many speech acts to externally modify their compliments. Overall, interjections, address forms, greetings, self-introductions and apologies were used as pre-compliments, with some speech acts, namely greetings and self-introductions, occurring only in the Cameroonian data.

Accurate ground-truth pose is essential to the training of most existing head pose estimation methods. However, in many cases, the "ground truth" pose is obtained in rather subjective ways, such as asking the subjects to stare at different markers on the wall. Thus it is better to use soft labels rather than explicit hard labels to indicate the pose of a face image. This paper proposes to associate a multivariate label distribution (MLD) to each image. An MLD covers a neighborhood around the original pose. Labeling the images with MLD can not only alleviate the problem of inaccurate pose labels, but also boost the training examples associated to each pose without actually increasing the total amount of training examples. Four algorithms are proposed to learn from MLD. Furthermore, an extension of MLD with the hierarchical structure is proposed to deal with fine-grained head pose estimation, which is named hierarchical multivariate label distribution (HMLD). Experimental results show that the MLD-based methods perform significantly better than the compared state-of-the-art head pose estimation algorithms. Moreover, the MLD-based methods appear much more robust against the label noise in the training set than the compared baseline methods.

[Para.1]: "From 1905 to 1980, the Macmillan Company of Canada was a crucial catalyst in the shaping of Canada's literary heritage. Macmillan championed a group of leading Canadian authors including Stephen Leacock, Mazo de la Roche, Grey Owl, Hugh MacLennan, Adele Wiseman, and many others. The company also launched some of Canada's enduring classics, such as Frederick Philip Grove's In Search of Myself (1946), W.O. Mitchell's Who Has Seen the Wind (1947)> and Ethel Wilson's Swamp Angel (1954)."

One of the main targets of criticism of head-mounted displays (HMDs) is the field of view (FOV) size, whether in virtual or augmented reality. This limitation is prominent with optical see-through head-mounted displays (OST-HMD), as those with narrow overlay FOV (OFOV) sizes only provide a small window to view virtual objects. We investigated if restricting this OFOV negatively affects a user’s ability to memorize spatial locations in a simulation of a work environment, and consequently, long-term memory transfer to an equivalent scenario in the real world two days later. To find empirical evidence, we conducted a within-subjects experiment with 18 participants performing in three phases with an OST-HMD, simulated on an immersive HMD. For each phase, they viewed the training scenario with a different OFOV size of the augmentable area (30°, 70°, 110° diagonal). Results from recall tests showed that smaller OFOV size did not significantly affect user’s performance on both short-term and transfer tests, but HMD data revealed that users rotated their heads less with a 110° OFOV. We also found that proximity of objects to memorize had an interaction effect with smaller OFOV sizes. Our findings could have implications on the design and HMD choices of augmented training.

Scene graphs connect individual objects with visual relationships. They serve as a comprehensive scene representation for downstream multimodal tasks. However, by exploring recent progress in Scene Graph Generation (SGG), we find that the performance of recent works is highly limited by the pairwise relationship modeling by naive feature concatenation. Such pairwise features lack sufficient object interaction due to the mis-aligned object parts, resulting in non-discriminative pairwise features for visual relationship prediction. For example, nave concatenated pairwise feature usually make the model fail to discriminate between riding and feeding for object pair person and horse. To this end, we design a meta-architecture learning-to-align for dynamic object feature concatenation. We call our model: Align R-CNN. Specifically, we introduce a novel attention-based multiple region alignment module that can be jointly optimized with SGG. Experiments on the large-scale SGG benchmark Visual Genome show that the proposed Align R-CNN can replace the naive feature concatenation and thus boost all the existing SGG methods.

Head movement constitutes a controversial topic in linguistic theory. Finnish long head movement exhibits an unusual combination of predicate clefting with Ā-movement instead of V-copying. An analysis is developed on the basis of Roberts 1993, 2010 and Chomsky 2008 that relies on a minimal top-down search algorithm that exists as part of a comprehension-based, reverse-engineered Minimalist architecture. Exceptional properties of Finnish head movement are explained as arising from its lexicon, which furnishes the language with an extensive catalogue of left-peripheral discourse-motivated C-features participating in predicate formation. The analysis was formalized and tested using computational tools.

Our study examines the lexical representation and processing of compounds in participants with aphasia (PWA) and language-unimpaired control speakers. Participants were engaged in primed picture-naming in German, a language that marks for grammatical gender. Gender-marked determiners served as primes (dermasc, diefem, dasneut [the]) and noun-noun compounds as targets (e.g., Goldneutfischmasc [goldfish]). Experiment 1 tested whether the compound’s constituents are activated at a lexical-syntactic level during production. Primes were gender-congruent either with the morphological head of the target compound (e.g., dermasc for the target Goldneut fisch masc), or its modifier (dasneut for Gold neutfischmasc), or incongruent with both (diefem). Head congruency of prime and target produced strong facilitatory effects across groups. Modifier congruent primes produced contrasting effects. Modifier congruency speeded up picture naming in the controls and PWA with isolated deficits of lexical access (PWA-lex) but they delayed picture naming in PWA with additional deficits of phonological encoding (PWA-pho). Both patterns suggest that the lemmas of both constituents of compound targets and their grammatical gender are activated during compound retrieval, in line with a multiple-lemma representation of compounds. Experiment 2 explored the nature of the observed effects compared to a gender-neutral control condition. While facilitatory effects were shown by PWA-lex and the controls, PWA-pho did not profit from congruent primes but showed inhibitory effects by incongruent primes, exclusively. Inhibitory effects were also attested for the controls but not for PWA-lex. The functional origin of determiner priming effects and their theoretical and clinical implications are discussed in the framework of current accounts.

Blast exposure can injure brain by multiple mechanisms, and injury attributable to direct effects of the blast wave itself have been difficult to distinguish from that caused by rapid head displacement and other secondary processes. To resolve this issue, we used a rat model of blast exposure in which head movement was either strictly prevented or permitted in the lateral plane. Blast was found to produce axonal injury even with strict prevention of head movement. This axonal injury was restricted to the cerebellum, with the exception of injury in visual tracts secondary to ocular trauma. The cerebellar axonal injury was increased in rats in which blast-induced head movement was permitted, but the pattern of injury was unchanged. These findings support the contentions that blast per se, independent of head movement, is sufficient to induce axonal injury, and that axons in cerebellar white matter are particularly vulnerable to direct blast - induced injury.

Early diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) plays a crucial role in the intervention of ASD. Traditionally, an ASD child needs to be diagnosed by a psychiatrist in the hospital, which is expensive, time-consuming, and influenced by expertise. In this paper, we present an objective, convenient, and effective method for classifying ASD children from raw video sequences by integrating the appearance-based features from facial expressions, head pose, and head trajectory. To better extract facial expression features, we propose a novel attention-based facial expression recognition algorithm to focus on key face areas like eyebrows, mouth, etc. Moreover, we use accumulative histogram to individually extract temporal and spatial information from facial expression, head pose and head trajectory of the video sequence. After fusing these three kinds of features, we feed them to Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and achieve a classification accuracy of 96.7% on our self-collected ASD video dataset.

This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of a head-marking version of the taekwondo anaerobic intermittent kick test (TAIKT-head). Twenty-seven (21 males and 6 females) taekwondo athletes performed TAIKT-head on two occasions (test-retest). In addition, they performed the chest-marking version of the TAIKT (TAIKT-chest), 30-s continuous jump (CJ30s), countermovement jump (CMJ) and flexibility tests. To establish TAIKT-head's construct validity (discriminatory capability), two subgroups were identified based on their international and national taekwondo results: 15 elite (12 males and 3 females) and 12 sub-elite (9 males and 3 females) athletes. TAIKT-head showed high relative (ICCs ≥ 0.90) and absolute (SEMsSWCs) reliability. The comparison between TAIKT-head and TAIKT-chest revealed that absolute and relative peak and mean powers were higher (p0.001) in TAIKT-head than in TAIKT-chest. In contrast, the fatigue index and rating of perceived exertion were lower in TAIKT-head than in TAIKT-chest (p0.001 and p0.01, respectively), with no significant difference between the two tests regarding physiological variables. Significant correlations between TAIKT-head and TAIKT-chest (r ranged from 0.74 to 0.53), CJ30s (r ranged from 0.84 to 0.43), and CMJ (r ranged from 0.88 to 0.79) were mostly "very large". There was no association between TAIKT-head and flexibility tests. Elite athletes showed greater TAIKT-head performances than sub-elite counterparts. Receiving operating characteristic analysis indicated that the TAIKT-head effectively discriminated between elite and sub-elite athletes. In conclusion, the TAIKT-head is a reliable and valid test to evaluate the specific intermittent anaerobic power of taekwondo athletes through the most used kicking technique at the head level.

This article proposes a unified analysis of the peripheral projections in Chinese, which does not rely on a head-directionality parameter. Each of these projections constitutes a phase and its head bears an EPP feature, which must be satisfied. Chinese peripheral projections demonstrate four different ways to satisfy the EPP. Importantly, sentence-final particles project phases, and their complements obligatorily move to the specifier as a last resort to satisfy the EPP. Movement of the complement to the phase edge would postpone the transfer of phrases embedded in the complement, allowing these phrases to move later. When the phase edge is not available for the moved complement, phrases embedded in the complement are not able to be extracted in the later stage, after the complement is transferred. This constitutes a strong argument in favor of the obligatory complement-to-specifier raising analysis for sentence-final particles in Chinese.

The dispute over the results of the regional head election of Sabu Raijua Regency which is legally formal has passed the deadline for submitting a dispute request (expired). Through the Constitutional Court Decision No. 135/PHP.BUP-XIX/2021, cancels KPU's decision regarding the determination of the elected pairs of candidates for Regent and Deputy Regent and orders a re-election and disqualification of the elected candidate pair. This research is normative juridical research (doctrinal law research) using a statutory approach and a case approach. The data obtained were analyzed and presented descriptively analytically. The finding in this study indicates that, the basis for the consideration of the Constitutional Court in ordering a re-election and disqualifying the chosen pair chosen by the people of Sabu Raijua Regency, is based on the legal fact that the violation of the principle of 'honest' from the Orient Patriot Riwu Kore pair who from the beginning of the registration stage the prospective candidate pair hides the United States citizenship status he holds, which if this foreign citizenship status is known from the beginning, then administratively does not qualify as a candidate pair. In addition, the election dispute for Sabu Raijua Regency is specific and casuistic which creates a legal need and vacuum, and if it is not acted upon, in principle it has violated the exclusive rights of citizens in government guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution.

Background: Talent management is increasingly discussed in the human resource management and human resource development literature. It is a set of practices that are implemented in organizations and refers to how organizations attract, select, develop and manage employees in an integrated and strategic way. The study aim: To investigate the effect of talent management training program on head nurses leadership effectiveness. Research design: A quasi-experimental research design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted at all inpatient units (medical surgical) and critical care units (N=15) Damanhour National Medical Institute (head nurses =120). Tools: Tool I: To assess head nurses’ knowledge regarding talent management (pre/posttest). Tool II: Talent management questionnaire; to assess talent management practices among head nurses. Tool III: Leadership effectiveness questionnaire: to assess leadership effectiveness among head nurses. Results: there is a highly statistically significant improvement in head nurse’s knowledge and practice regarding talent management in the post phase and follow-up phase compared to their pre-intervention. Conclusion: the application of the training program had a positive impact on enhancing head nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding talent management and also total leadership effectiveness level was improved markedly throughout program phases. Recommendations: Conduct a talent management workshop periodically for all head nurses as a refreshment course. Providing talent management programs and workshops for newly hired head nurse in the organization.

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the leadership of the head of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah and the performance of Madrasah teachers in Lingsar District of West Lombok Regency in 2021. This research is quantitative research using survey methods. The population in this study is all teachers in madrasah-Ibtidaiyah in Lingsar district of West Lombok Regency which amounted to 102 teachers. This research sample amounted to 50 teachers spread across Ibtidaiyah madrassa of Lingsar District of West Lombok Regency. The data analysis technique used in this study is regression analysis, both simple regression and double regression. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the leadership of the head of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah and the performance of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teachers in Kacamatan Lingsar West Lombok Regency with a contribution of 57%.

Disjointism is the view that co-located objects do not share any parts. A human-shaped statue is composed from a torso, head and limbs; the co-located lump of clay is only composed from chunks of c...

Brandy Schillace, a medical historian and critically acclaimed author, has written an entertaining and captivating, if not entirely sympathetic, biography of Cleveland neurosurgeon Robert Joseph Wh...

The NHT (Number Head Together) learning model is a learning model that has a structure designed to influence student interaction patterns. The NHT learning model emphasizes students to work together in finding, processing, and reporting information. This model can make students more communicative during the physics learning process. The use of conventional learning models will generally make students bored and uninterested in learning physics. In physics subjects, teachers generally use conventional learning modelsStudents' boredom will arise when learning using conventional models. The purpose of this study was to describe students' responses to the application of the NHT type cooperative learning model. The benefit of this research is to know the student's response to the application of the NHT type of cooperative learning model, as well as the application of the NHT type of cooperative learning model in physics learning. This study used a mixed method research design. The data in this study were analyzed using the triangulation method. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The subjects in this study were high school students. The results showed that some respondents responded quite well to the application of the NHT type of cooperative learning model in physics learning, and some of them responded well to the application of the NHT type of cooperative learning. In learning physics, the use of learning models affects the continuity of the teaching and learning process which will have an impact on the knowledge and learning outcomes possessed by students.

HMT shows a stronger effect on the parasympathetic nervous system as expressed by increase in HFnu with decrease in HR, diastolic blood pressure and body tension, compared with RR and also MHM. More studies are needed to understand how different relaxing interventions may modulate the autonomic nervous system

The Scanian dialect of Middle Danish underwent a range of changes and reductions in its case system. I argue that these changes were caused neither by phonological developments nor by language contact as often assumed, but by multiple processes of grammaticalisation. The present paper focuses on one of these factors: that the relatively predictable constituent order within the Middle Danish noun phrase made case marking redundant in its function of marking noun-phrase internal agreement between head and modifier(s). This redundancy caused the case system to undergo a regrammation where the indexical sign relations changed so that the expression of morphological case no longer indicated this noun-phrase-internal agreement, leaving only topology (as well as morphologically marked number and gender agreement) as markers of this type of agreement. This factor contributed to the subsequent degrammation of the entire case system.

Mutations in the β-MYH7 gene are one of the major causes that lead to cardiomyopathies. However, to differentiate a causative nsSNP and its impact on protein structure remains a major challenge. In the present study, we detected a missense mutation Arg723His in the head motor domain of β-MYH7 in a HCM patient, and it was absent in 207 healthy individuals. The mutant (R723H) has been found to alter an evolutionarily conserved amino acid. In addition, the mutant (R723H) was predicted pathogenic by Polyphen-2 and SIFT bioinformatic tools. Further, the superimposed 3D structure of the mutant (p.His723 homology model) with native (p. Arg723) displayed the root means square deviation (RMSD) of ~3.38A0. We know that the non-covalent interactions such as hydrophobic, electrostatic, Van der Waals, and hydrogen bonds between amino acids are at the heart of stabilizing protein structures. Here, we demonstrated how the mutant (p.His723) has disrupted a critical non-covalent interactions network at the mutation site and may contribute to the disease phenotype. Hence, our findings in the future could pave the way for developing small molecular modulators or myosin-targeted therapies for heart failure.

Amid a crisis in biblical interpretation brought to a head by the Church Struggle in Germany, Dietrich Bonhoeffer delivered an address in August 1935 to a group of Confessing Church pastors entitled “Contemporizing New Testament Texts.” Bonhoeffer sounded a clarion call for the retrieval of a thoroughly theological hermeneutic that would liberate preachers for the bold proclamation of the Gospel within a culturally compromised church. This paper will present a reading of Bonhoeffer's daring address that seeks to both situate it within its unique historical context and attend to the ways that it calls into question many of the cherished hermeneutical and homiletical assumptions that dominate contemporary preaching for the sake of a more faithful proclamation of the Gospel of Jesus Christ.

I consider here the question of whether the aspectual properties of idioms are compositionally determined with respect to the normal literal meanings of their components. This issue is unresolved in the literature, with some (Marantz 1997; McGinnis 2002, 2005) arguing for systematic literal compositionality, some noting mismatches in the aspectual properties of some idioms’ literal and figurative readings and therefore arguing for compositionality with respect to idioms’ meanings only (Glasbey 2003, 2007), and others attempting to reconcile the two views, maintaining systematic literal compositionality while accounting for mismatches by adding aspectual information post-syntactically (Leivada 2017) or by nonlinguistic conceptual processes (Mateu and Espinal 2007). Working within a monotonic model of aspectual composition in which telicity, durativity, and dynamicity are privative features inherent to verbs (Olsen 1997), I present further evidence for Glasbey’s position, arguing that that the aspectual properties of idioms are predictable on the basis of their figurative meanings, and that the literal readings of their components are irrelevant to aspectual composition, at least in the domain of language production. I further argue that some phrasal idioms are more highly specified than their commonly paraphrased meanings, and that idiomaticity represents a motivated exception to Olsen’s model in that idioms may be negatively specified for telicity, durativity, and dynamicity. I conclude that this exception falls out directly from the assumption that idioms may lexicalize a larger structure than verbs, speculating that this may include an inner aspect head in the syntax.

The article focuses on the school-based support that youths who are heading households get from public schools in South Africa. It is based on the study that was conducted focusing on the extent to which schools support youths who head households. The study adopted the qualitative research methodological approach where three methods were used to construct data. The three methods used are observation, semi structured interviews and documents. Eight children from four public schools were selected as participants in the study. Data constructed was analyzed by using the Thematic Content Analysis approach. The findings reveal that youths who head households are faced with challenges that include among others, economic constraints, lack of resources, and humiliation. Furthermore, they do not get the necessary support from schools. The article argues that lack of support by schools adds to the challenges that children are confronted with in their daily struggle for survival.

The aim of this paper is to investigate the typology of reflexives and reciprocals in English and MSA, which is a variety of standardized, literary Arabic used throughout Arab countries. It has shown that MSA morphologically encoded reflexives and reciprocals are in fact syntactically and semantically asymmetrical. It will be argued that morphologically encoded reflexives do not project an anaphor (an internal argument) syntactically and their morphological marker semantically serves as a reflexivizer, whereas morphologically encoded reciprocals do project an anaphor syntactically, realized either overtly or covertly. Concerning the distribution of such anaphor, the paper elucidates the admissible and in admissible environments. It is argued that MSA does not allow possessive reflexives, but allow possessive reciprocals such as the construct-state, whether it be a noun phrase or a locative prepositional phrase. This variation is accounted for by assuming that reciprocals occupy Spec of DP and therefore can be bound by an NP from a higher phase, whereas reflexives occupy a position lower than the D head and thus must be bound within their DP phase. Finally yet importantly, MSA override reflexives and reciprocals unlike their English counterparts, are always subject to the Principle A of the Binding Theory.

The article features the way political discourse shapes the image of the region. The research was based on a number of speeches given by A. G. Tuleyev, the ex-governor of the Kemerovo Region. The author used the classification of communicative strategies and tactics developed by O. S. Issers. The strategies demonstrated a strong suggestive potential aimed at changing the values and worldview of the recipient while promoting the image of the territory and its main political figure. The speeches appeared to be quite expressive as they contained a lot of emotional vocabulary, which was almost completely absent from the original written texts. A. G. Tuleyev chose informative and incentive tactics, e.g. focus on the positive development of the region (22 %), campaigning tactics (15 %), and historical references (12 %). The ex-governor pursued several parallel goals, e.g. to describe the region as dynamic, attractive, and prosperous while demonstrating his care about the electorate and showing respect to people of hard labor.

Driver gaze zone estimation is an important task in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), which suffers difficulties including head pose, capture direction, glass occlusion, and real-time requirement, etc. Most previous methods combine face modalities and head pose using concat process, which may result in over-fitting due to the unbalanced dimension. Focusing on gaze zone estimation problems, we propose the Head Pose Fusion Assisted supervision & Eye Region Weighted Encoding (HP-ERW) structure, which fuses head pose attribute and face modalities together through spatial attention and Kronecker product mechanisms. Firstly, we introduce a pre-processing module dealing with head pose and face information, with the purpose of extracting input vectors and improving the fusion speed of the HP-ERW structure. Secondly, an Eye Region Weighted Encoding Network (ERW-Net) based on spatial attention is proposed to strengthen the networks perception ability for encoding features. Finally, we propose a dual-channel Head Pose Fusion Network (HP-Net) based on the Kronecker product mechanism, with the purpose of fusing head pose and improving the estimation accuracy. Experiments show that the HP-ERW outperforms compared existing methods on several public datasets. The designed ADAS using the proposed method achieves 23.5 fps real-time application with small memory requirement of 4,884 KB.

The circular splicing operation is a language-theoretic operation introduced by Head to model biological phenomena on circular DNA and RNAs. It acts on pairs of circular words under conditions defined by a set of rules. A circular splicing system S is defined by giving an initial set of circular words and a set of rules. S represents a circular language from a generative point of view (splicing language). There are open questions related to the computational power of these systems. For instance, a characterization of circular splicing systems generating regular circular languages is still lacking as well as a characterization of the structure of the regular splicing languages. In this paper we give results about these questions for a special class of hybrid systems named generalized marked systems.

Three-dimensional Morphable Models (3DMMs) are powerful statistical tools for representing the 3D shapes and textures of an object class. Here we present the most complete 3DMM of the human head to date that includes face, cranium, ears, eyes, teeth and tongue. To achieve this, we propose two methods for combining existing 3DMMs of different overlapping head parts: i. use a regressor to complete missing parts of one model using the other, ii. use the Gaussian Process framework to blend covariance matrices from multiple models. Thus we build a new combined face-and-head shape model that blends the variability and facial detail of an existing face model (the LSFM) with the full head modelling capability of an existing head model (the LYHM). Then we construct and fuse a highly-detailed ear model to extend the variation of the ear shape. Eye and eye region models are incorporated into the head model, along with basic models of the teeth, tongue and inner mouth cavity. The new model achieves state-of-the-art performance. We use our model to reconstruct full head representations from single, unconstrained images allowing us to parameterize craniofacial shape and texture, along with the ear shape, eye gaze and eye color., 18 pages, 18 figures, submitted to Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI) on the 9th of October as an extension paper of the original oral CVPR paper : arXiv:1903.03785

Brand engagement on social media increasingly draws B2B brands' attention as it may produce positive WOM and bring branding and financial benefits. However, B2B marketers face challenges in creating compelling brand posts on social media. Beyond ‘knowing what to post’, what is even more challenging for B2B marketers is a lack of knowledge of ‘knowing how to communicate’, i.e., knowing how to design the non-informational cues in brand posts to stimulate brand engagement and generate social media WOM. This research makes initial attempts to address this gap by investigating the impacts of post language on B2B brand engagement on social media. Building on the model of B2B effective communication and theories in linguistics, we identify six linguistic features (i.e., post length, language complexity, visual complexity, emotional cues, interpersonal cues, and multimodal cues in rich media) that influence brand engagement, captured using Twitter likes and retweets. Through analyzing 229,272 tweets collected from 156 B2B brands in 10 industries, we found that, in general, linguistic features that facilitate the central or peripheral route processing will have positive effects, while those that hinder the processing will have negative impacts on brand engagement. This research contributes to our knowledge of B2B social media communication by revealing the power of brand language in driving brand engagement and introducing linguistics as a valuable conceptual lens for maximizing the benefits of B2B marketing content on social media. This research also highlights the interpretative nature of social media communication – B2B brands must go beyond the content purpose and strategy decisions to consider the specific language use and communication style of the message.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is an antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. It is an uncommon multisystem disease involving predominantly small vessels and is characterized by granulomatous inflammation, pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis, and vasculitis. GPA can involve virtually any organ. Clinical manifestations are heterogeneous and can be classified as granulomatous (eg, ear, nose, and throat disease; lung nodules or masses; retro-orbital tumors; pachymeningitis) or vasculitic (eg, glomerulonephritis, alveolar hemorrhage, mononeuritis multiplex, scleritis). The diagnosis of GPA relies on a combination of clinical findings, imaging study results, laboratory test results, serologic markers, and histopathologic results. Radiology has a crucial role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with GPA. CT and MRI are the primary imaging modalities used to evaluate GPA manifestations, allowing the differentiation of GPA from other diseases that could simulate GPA. The authors review the main clinical, histopathologic, and imaging features of GPA to address the differential diagnosis in the affected organs and provide a panoramic picture of the protean manifestations of this infrequent disease. The heterogeneous manifestations of GPA pose a significant challenge in the diagnosis of this rare condition. By recognizing the common and unusual imaging findings, radiologists play an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with GPA and aid clinicians in the differentiation of disease activity versus disease-induced damage, which ultimately affects therapeutic decisions.

Males of Leptodactylus fuscus (Schneider, 1799) construct subterranean chambers with the snout. The chamber is used for oviposition in a foam nest. Due to this behaviour, it's inferred that there are different selective pressures according the sex. We aimed to evaluate the occurrence of sexual dimorphism in the head shape of L. fuscus through geometric morphometrics analysis of 97 specimens (51 males and 46 females). We determined 21 landmarks in the dorsal view and 14 landmarks in the lateral view of the head. We found that part of the shape variation in the dorsal view can be attributed to allometry, with larger individuals having wider heads. We performed a Principal Component Analysis for each view and found a broad overlap in the head shape between males and females. After removing the effect size, discriminant analysis revealed that the head shape differs significantly between the sexes. In general, males were found to have broader, less dorsoventrally-flattened heads with nostrils spaced further apart from one another and more caudally, and a longer and spatulate shaped snout. The differences in the head shape that we found are congruent with what is expected for males that used their head in burrowing behavior.

One of the entrances for women in politics is through kinship. In the 2020 regional head elections in Central Java, the nomination of women from incumbent families or political elites took place in various regions. Some have political experience; some have less experience. This paper examines how the nomination and victory of female candidates, whether because of kinship, or the need for experience, personal qualities, or other reasons. This research is descriptive with a qualitative approach, using data from the results of the vote, candidate data, and some related information. This study found that female candidates with kinship relations do not always win elections, but must have political capital, social capital, and competence, as well as support from political parties.

The state must be responsible for fulfilling the political rights of every citizen. Political rights are one of the human rights that cannot be reduced by the state. Even though Indonesia is currently experiencing the Covid 19 Pandemic, the Government decided to hold simultaneous local elections due to various considerations. As for some of these considerations is the need for legal certainty of the election of new public officials because the previous period is up, the Covid 19 pandemic is not known when it will end, the strategic policies of the government must still be taken and implemented, and the main thing is to fulfill the political rights of Indonesian citizens who are a democracy based on the law. Therefore, it is considered necessary to explore how the country fulfills the political rights of the citizens of Surabaya during the Pandemic at the Simultaneously Regional Head Elections 2020. This study is conducted with empirical normative where researchers will examine every rule relevant to this theme and empirically review the implementation of government rules and policies in the fulfillment of people's political rights at the 2020 Regional Elections and the obstacles faced in the fulfillment process.

PurposeIn 1998, the Chinese Communist Party introduced the strategy for modernizing agriculture with large-scale production and launching large commercial enterprises known as dragon head enterprises (DHEs) to process and market agricultural products. Although scholars have raised awareness of the development of DHEs in China, there has been little investigation on DHEs in the Chinese wine business. Based on the existing theoretical background on the concept of DHEs, this study aims to identify the structure and operating system of a DHE in the Chinese wine business. Changyu is chosen as an example because it is the oldest and largest wine company in China, operating in various grape-growing regions.Design/methodology/approachDue to the research's explorative character, the qualitative approach and case study focus were considered adequate. In-depth interviews have been conducted with the employees of the company. The authors analysed data with a qualitative content approach of Gläser and Laudel (2010).FindingsResults show that the grape procurement of Changyu is organized in an integrated system, which consists of the DHE (Changyu), the Changyu-led cooperative, and the grape producers who have a contract with the cooperative. The company takes different measures in terms of intra-organizational coordination to secure the required quantities and qualities of its grape supply base.Research limitations/implicationsIn this research, the authors could only access three interview partners of Changyu's grape procurement department, and it was not possible to conduct interviews with the management of Changyu. Another limitation is that it is difficult to collect adequate data in the Chinese wine industry.Originality/valueThere has been little investigation on DHEs in the Chinese wine business. This research contributes to the existing literature as it takes a closer look at the structure and operating system of a DHE in the Chinese wine business. The case study and chosen example (Changyu) allow a better understanding of DHEs and provide first insights into their operating principle.

Despite its illiberal tendencies, the Bolsonaro presidency, particularly the Christian Evangelical head of its women’s policy agency, does have a specific agenda to advance substantive gender claim...

Understanding people’s perceptions and knowledge about birds in an endemic bird area is a prerequisite for bird conservation. This is more so in the case of non-charismatic birds such as owls. In this context, we conducted a questionnaire survey about owls in the North Andaman Island between January 2016 and 2018. We interviewed 203 respondents from six market places in North Andaman tehsil, and collected data on their socio-economic status as well as their knowledge on owls. Although all the respondents were familiar with owls, only 9% of them identified all species of owls in the Andaman Islands. Around 98% of respondents were aware of owl diets, either partly or wholly. We found several superstitious beliefs revolving around owls. Two species, Otus sunia and Ninox obscura were associated with negative beliefs while Tyto deroepstorffi was associated with positive beliefs. Generalized linear model with the demographical predictors showed that positive attitudes towards owls is associated with age (older), education (literacy), revenue villages and temporary houses. We conclude that Tyto deroepstorffi had the highest positive values among islanders and hence, may be considered as a focal species to create awareness about owls and to protect other endemic owls of the Andaman Islands. Awareness programmes targeting younger, illiterate people, and land encroachers may help in conservation of cryptic owl species of Andaman.

This article examines the grammatical behavior of Dutch adverbs featuring so-called adverbial -s. This will be done on the basis of three questions: Firstly, what is the grammatical nature of adverbial -s? Secondly, in which structural configurations does it appear? Thirdly, what does adverbial -s tell us about the existence of adverbs as a separate part of speech? The article provides the following three answers to these questions: Firstly, adverbial -s is an affixal manifestation of the categorizing heads n and a (so-called -s-Support). Secondly, n and a externalize as -s when the raised root that forms an amalgam with the categorizing head is silent or a bound root. Thirdly, “adverbs” featuring adverbial -s are nominal, adjectival or adpositional expressions with an articulated syntactic structure. Some of these syntactic structures correspond to the so-called construct state. In short, linguistic expressions featuring adverbial -s do not support the idea that adverbs form a separate part of speech.

Internet of things network lifetime and energy issues are some of the most important challenges in today’s smart world. Clustering would be an effective solution to this, as all nodes would be arra...

Interpersonal communication is so important in everyday life that it is desirable everyone who participates in the conversation is satisfied. However, every participant of the conversation cannot be satisfied in such cases as those wherein only one person cannot keep up with the conversation and feels alienated, or wherein someone cannot communicate non-verbal expressions with his/her conversation partner adequately. In this study, we have focused on facial direction and gaze among the various factors that are said to affect conversational satisfaction. We have attempted to lessen any sense of non-participation in the conversation and increase the conversational satisfaction of the non-participant in a tripartite conversation by modulating the visual information in such a way that the remaining two parties turn toward the non-participating party. In the experiments we have conducted in VR environments, we have reproduced a conversation of two male adults recorded in actual environments using two avatars. The experimental subjects have watched this over their HMDs. The experiments have found that visually modulating the avatars’ faces and gazes such that they appear to turn toward the subjects has increased the subjects’ sense of participation in the conversation. Nevertheless, the experiments have not increased the subjects’ conversational enjoyment, a component of the factors for conversational satisfaction.

Семья Постниковых не одно поколение верно служила России: мужчины-офицеры отдавали жизни на ратных полях Русско-японской, Великой Отечественной войн. Женщины оставили заметный след в сфере образования. М. А. Постникова (после замужества в 1903 году Александрова) вошла в историю как первая женщина-начальница первого женского учительского института, открытого в Рязани. Ее сестра Анна Алексеевна Наркович возглавляла гимназии в Смоленской и Рязанской губерниях. Многое в личной жизни и профессиональной деятельности Марии Алексеевны стало известно благодаря ее переписке с выдающимися учеными — С. Ф. Платоновым и А. Е. Пресняковым. Себя она считала верной ученицей первого и близким другом второго, который не раз упоминал ее имя в своих письмах. Поработав в Петербурге, проехав Россию до Хабаровска и обратно, в 1915 году М. А. Александрова после неожиданного назначения переехала в Рязань, где работала почти 10 лет. Здесь же и закончилась ее жизнь в 50 лет. О последних днях Марии Алексеевны известно из двух публикуемых нами в статье писем ее родной сестры Анны Алексеевны на имя Надежды Николаевны Платоновой. В письмах упомянуты и другие родственники, что позволяет уточнить и конкретизировать имеющиеся о них скудные сведения. For many generations the Postnikovs served Russia truly and well. Men of the family fought in the battles of the Russo-Japanese War and World War II, while women of the family were prominent educators. M. A. Postnikova (known by her married name M. A. Alexandrova) is the first female head of the first teachers’ institute for women in Ryazan. Her sister Anna Alekseyevna Narkovich headed gymnasiums in the Smolensk Region and in the Ryazan Region. We know about her private life through her correspondence with such prominent scholars as S. F. Platonov and A. E. Presnyakov. Being a devoted student of the former and a close friend of the latter she was often mentioned in A. E. Presnyakov’s letters. Having worked in St. Petersburg, and having traveled across the country to Khabarovsk and back, M. A. Alexandrova moved to Ryazan where she was appointed head of the teachers’ institute and where she worked for 10 years. She passed away in Ryazan in 1915 at the age of 50. Her last days are known to us due to the letters of her sister Anna Alekseyevna to Nadezhda Nikolayevna Platonova. The letters contain information about other relatives too, which provides more specific data.