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In modern urban traffic, vehicles and pedestrians are fundamental elements in the study of traffic dynamics. Vehicle and pedestrian detection have significant practical value in fields like autonomous driving, traffic management, and public security. However, traditional detection methods struggle in complex environments due to challenges such as varying scales, target occlusion, and high computational costs, leading to lower detection accuracy and slower performance. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an improved vehicle and pedestrian detection algorithm based on YOLOv8, with the aim of enhancing detection in complex traffic scenes. The motivation behind our design is twofold: first, to address the limitations of traditional methods in handling targets of different scales and severe occlusions, and second, to improve the efficiency and accuracy of real-time detection. The new generation of dense pedestrian detection technology requires higher accuracy, less computing overhead, faster detection speed, and more convenient deployment. Based on the above background, this paper proposes a synchronous end-to-end vehicle pedestrian detection algorithm based on improved YOLOv8, aiming to solve the detection problem in complex scenes. First of all, we have improved YOLOv8 by designing a deformable convolutional improved backbone network and attention mechanism, optimized the network structure, and improved the detection accuracy and speed. Secondly, we introduced an end-to-end target search algorithm to make the algorithm more stable and accurate in vehicle and pedestrian detection. The experimental results show that, using the algorithm designed in this paper, our model achieves an 11.76% increase in precision and a 6.27% boost in mAP. In addition, the model maintains a real-time detection speed of 41.46 FPS, ensuring robust performance even in complex scenarios. These optimizations significantly enhance both the efficiency and robustness of vehicle and pedestrian detection, particularly in crowded urban environments. We further apply our improved YOLOv8 model for real-time detection in intelligent transportation systems and achieve exceptional performance with a mAP of 95.23%, outperforming state-of-the-art models like YOLOv5, YOLOv7, and Faster R-CNN.

Summary: The question of whether serofast status of syphilis patients indicates an ongoing low-grade Treponema pallidum (T. pallidum) infection remains unanswered. To address this, we developed a machine learning model to identify T. pallidum in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Our findings showed that a TP_rate cut-off of 0.033 demonstrated superior diagnostic performance for syphilis, with a specificity of 92.3% and a sensitivity of 71.4% (AUROC = 0.92). This diagnosis model predicted that 20 out of 92 serofast patients had a persistent low-level infection. Based on these predictions, re-treatment was administered to these patients and its efficacy was evaluated. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in RPR titers in the prediction-positive group compared to the prediction-negative group after re-treatment (p

At present, most application developers still need to save face images on the server, so they may still be stolen or stolen by service providers. Application service providers can use user facial information in specific visual scenes, but they cannot restrict service providers from using visual information on the server. This paper studies a server-oriented face image privacy protection technology. The research results of this paper are color-based face image perturbation algorithms, which will provide new ideas for solving face detection problems under complex backgrounds and improve the accuracy of detection. The face perturbation algorithm based on feature points can effectively overcome the shortcomings of existing algorithms that only focus on one feature and lack universality. The corresponding mathematical proof is also given in this paper, and the corresponding theoretical basis is given. Through experiments on face databases, we found that the accuracy of using different neural networks to detect images before and after perturbation is between 0.20% and 6.38%. Various different face image quality assessment methods are used and compared with the existing best face perturbation algorithms. The experimental results show that the image quality of the scrambled images is still greatly improved, and compared with the existing algorithms, it has better effects and can meet the needs of data availability.

In this study, not only the variability of the internal texture of rocks is considered in the in-depth investigation of the brittle fracture properties of rocks, but also the effects of different stress states and temperature factors on the fragility of rocks are focused on. Through experimental studies and data analysis of various types of rocks under different stress conditions and temperature environments, this study found that the plasticity of marble is positively related to stress. Under other stress states of 5, 15, 25, and 35 MPa, the stress-strain curves become flatter with increasing stress. Under uniaxial stress condition, the fragile strengths of different rocks are sandstone, red sandstone, granite, marble, chert, and cement mortar in that order. Whereas, under triaxial stress condition, the fragility of the rock samples was in the order of fine-grained granite, coarse-grained granite, sandstone, tuff, and marble. It was further found that the rock specimens after different high-temperature water-cooling treatments exhibited four different stages of brittle fracture, and the peak of the first stage of the rock was higher as the temperature decreased. The inclination of the peak was inversely proportional to the temperature. This study provides an essential scientific basis for the in-depth understanding of the brittle fracture characteristics of rocks and their engineering applications.

In order to explore the effect of variable resistance training with edge computing and information physical system model combined with computer vision under static traction in neck and shoulder rehabilitation training of college students. In this paper, 90 cases of neck and shoulder patients admitted to XX Hospital from February 2022 to December 2022 with neck and shoulder syndrome in a university in Shanghai, were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into 45 cases of the observation group and 45 cases of the control group. Edge computing and physical information system were used for data processing, and patients in the observation group received variable resistance training combined with static traction, and patients in the control group received static traction. The results showed that after rehabilitation training, the effective rates of the observation group and the control group were 91.11% and 71.11%, respectively, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (P

ObjectiveTo establish an High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry （HPLC-ICP-MS） method for determination of six arsenic species in human urine，including arseniccholine （AsC）， arsenobetaine （AsB）， arsenite （As3+）， dimethylarsinic acid （DMA5+）， monomethylarsonic acid （MMA5+）， and arsenate （As5+）.MethodsThe pH value of mobile phase and the content of anhydrous ethanol were optimized. Ammonium carbonate （50 mmol·L-1， containing 2% anhydrous ethanol， pH-8.5） mobile phase was selected. Cl- interference was eliminated by He mode. The arsenic species in 10-fold diluted human urine samples were separated by an Hamilton PRP X-100 anionic column. A method for the determination of six arsenic species was established.ResultsSix arsenic species could be separated in 13 minutes. The linear correlation coefficients were above 0.999. The limits of detection were 0.10‒0.20 μg·L-1， and the limits of quantification were 0.30‒0.50 μg·L-1. Precision experiments showed that RSD ranged from 5.96% to 9.07% when adding concentration 0.20 μg·L-1； from 2.48% to 6.38% when adding concentration 2.00 μg·L-1； and from 1.41% to 2.57% when adding concentration 5.00 μg·L-1. Accuracy test showed that the recoveries were 80%‒125%.ConclusionThe established HPLC-ICP-MS method for determination of six arsenic species in human urine is rapid， accurate and sensitive. It can be applied to the determination of arsenic species in human urine.

The Laodonggou gold deposit is a medium-sized gold deposit discovered in the eastern section of the Beishan metallogenic belt. It resulted from the superposition of multi-phase and multi-stage metallogenesis. Due to its complex deposit genesis, the deposit has five sections, of which skarn orebodies dominate Section III. Skarn minerals are mainly garnet, which can be divided into early and late phases, with early garnet having more oscillatory ring bands. We systematically studied the two types of garnet by detailed microscopic observation and electron microprobe. The core of the early garnet primarily consists of essonites, and the edge is calcium–iron to calcium–aluminum composition. Andradites dominate the late garnet. The chemical composition of garnet indicates that the early skarnization stage is under a moderately acidic and weakly oxidizing–to–weakly reducing hydrothermal environment, while the iron content increases in the later stage and the oxygen escape increases, resulting in increased alkalinity and oxidation. The garnets in Section Ⅲ, originating from hydrothermal metasomatism, belong to the andradite–essonite series. Essonites and andradites prevail in the early stage, accompanied by copper mineralization. With the late hydrothermal environmental changes, andradites increase, and pyrite mineralization and arsenopyrite mineralization increase as well, resulting in gold-rich mineralization.

ObjectiveTo determine the current status and characteristics of tuberculosis （TB） registration and treatment in Kashgar， and to provide scientific evidence for targeted prevention and control measures in future.MethodsKashgar registered TB cases information in 2011 to 2020 was exported from the National Tuberculosis Management Information System. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted using Stata 12.0.ResultsFrom 2011 to 2020， number of Kashgar registered TB patients showed rising trend， followed by a falling one. Average proportion of annual decline in registered TB incidence was 40.48% from 2018 to 2020. From 2011 to 2016， number of registered TB patients in women was always higher than that in men， with a gender ratio （male ： female） of about 0.90. In 2017， the gender ratio was 1.00. From 2018 to 2020， the gender ratios were 1.05， 1.20， and 1.12， respectively. Moreover， number of registered TB cases increased with age （χ2=547.79， P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the current situation of human resource allocation in district and county centers for disease control and prevention （CDCs） in Kashgar ， identify existing problems and influencing factors， and to provide scientific evidence for optimizing the human resource allocation.MethodsA survey was conducted among all CDCs in Kashgar in February 2022. The questionnaire included the institutional and individual questions.ResultsThe overall staff size approved for the CDCs in Kashgar was 604， with a staffing rate of 76.17%， among which the staffing rates in 5 county CDCs were less than 60%. Currently， there were a total of 524 approved staff members in all CDCs， resulting in a vacancy rate of 13.25%. In the district CDC， 85 staff members were on duty， while the median of staff on duty was 34 in each county CDC. The staff in the district CDC was ageing， of which those aged over 45 accounted for 67.06%. The staff in the county CDCs was generally young， of which those aged less than 35 accounted for 54.22%. Moreover， the proportion of staff with bachelor’s degree or above in the district and county CDCs was 31.76% and 24.95%， respectively. The proportion of staff without professional title was 32.94% and 48.03%， respectively. In contrast， the proportion of those with middle and senior professional title was 57.89% and 22.02%， respectively. In addition， in recent 3 years， 24 staff members resigned in the CDCs， all of whom had professional titles.ConclusionHuman resources are insufficient in CDCs in Kashgar. Furthermore， staff structure is unreasonable， with a serious loss of human resources. In particular， the district CDC needs to optimize the allocation of human resources.

In order to study the influence of nonlinear numerical simulation on the optimal control of the tunnel rock deformation parameters, the author proposes a numerical simulation study of the deformation characteristics of the layered rock tunnel, and determines the calculation model according to the thickness of the rock mass. The estimated thicknesses of the dolomite limestone surrounding the tunnel are 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 m. Select the vertical displacement to analyze as a result of the calculation. In order to study the influence of the structural slope on the tunnel stability, the thickness of the rock layer was 0.6 m, and the structural slopes of 5°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 85° were used for simulation calculations. During on-site construction, focus on monitoring the tunnel section deformation before the construction of the secondary lining. Every 10–20 m and at the change of the surrounding rock, the observation section of the surrounding convergence and vault settlement shall be arranged, according to the observed deformation, the peripheral displacement rate and the vault subsidence rate are calculated. The results show that the vertical displacement of the top of the tunnel is generally in a “V” shape, that is, the maximum settlement in the tunnel; when the layer thickness is 0.3 m, the maximum vertical displacement of the rock layer is 7.2 mm, and the total settlement in the lining support tunnel is 8.23 mm. When the layer thickness is 0.9 m, the vertical displacement of the rock layer is 5.14 mm, and the total settlement in the lining support tunnel is 5.22 mm. When the layer thickness is from 0.9 to 0.3 m, the maximum vertical displacement of the rock layer increases by 140%, and the settlement at the vault increases by 158%. The focus of tunnel support at this time is the two sides of the lining structure and the vault with large vertical settlement. For the YK51 + 032 section, the phenomenon of first decreasing and then increasing is due to the sudden mud on the surrounding YK51 + 040, which causes the short-term deformation to increase. Only the ZK49 + 356 sections at the entrance of the spider has very good deformation due to the thin overlying stratum, and other sections are similar, which shows the reliability of the calculation results.

Failure mechanism of nuclear power pant steam generator tubes inspection crawler gripper petal is analysed in this paper, through macroscopic, chemical composition, metallographic, hardness, scanning electron microscope and energy-spectrum examination, fracture mechanism of the gripper petal is revealed to be brittle rupture. To avoid analogous failure in the future, fatigue test and precautions are presented.

【Objective】 Nitrogen (N) is the most important plant nutrient but its leaching to surface and subsurface water bodies is a great environmental concern. The dynamics of N in soil is mediated by a multitude of biotic and abiotic processes, and the aim of this project is to investigate the effect of water-nitrogen coupling on it. 【Method】 A two-year experiment involving winter wheat-summer maize rotation was conducted. It consisted of two sets of treatments. The first one kept N fertilization at 5kg with the irrigation amount varying from 10 m3 to 40 m3; the second one kept the irrigation amount at 30 m3 with N fertilization varying from 5 kg to 15 kg. Added to these are three initial soil water treatments: dry, moderate and wet. Water and nitrogen movement in each treatment was simulated using the Hydrus-1D model. 【Result】 Soil water content in the proximity of the soil surface increased drastically in the first four days after the irrigation, and spatiotemporal change in N was dominated by its movement more than by its transformation. After that, soil water in the topsoil stabilized asymptotically and the N change was dominated by transformation. N transformation in the subsoil (70~500 cm) was weak. Increasing irrigation amount or reducing initial soil water content led to a decrease in root uptake of N. The accumulated leaching of NH4+-N and NO3--N from the top 100 cm of soil increased with the irrigation amount. Increasing irrigation amount boosted mineralization, nitrification and denitrification, with their associated rates varying in the range of 1~2.5 mg/cm2, 1~4 mg/cm2 and 0~0.6 mg/cm2, respectively. Root N uptake from the top 100 cm of soil increased with N fertilization. The cumulative leaching of NH4+-N and NO3--N remained almost the same under different irrigation amounts, though increasing greatly with N fertilization. Mineralization, nitrification and denitrification in the topsoil increased with fertilization, with their rates varying in the range of 1~2.5 mg/cm2, 1.5~16 mg/cm2 and 0.3~1.2 mg/cm2, respectively. In contrast, their reactions in soil deeper than 100 cm were comparatively slow. 【Conclusion】 A rational water- nitrogen coupling can improve root N uptake and utilization. When initial soil water content was dry, coupling 525~900 m3/hm2 of irrigation with 225 kg/hm2 of N fertilization was optimal for winter wheat-summer maize rotation in the areas we studied.

ObjectiveTo determine the epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease related public health bud-events in Shanghai and assess the effects of bud-event surveillance， so as to provide scientific evidence for improving the surveillance system.MethodsSurveillance data of infectious disease related public health bud-events were collected from 16 districts of Shanghai from 2017 through 2020. Then the data were analyzed and compared with infectious disease related public health emergencies during the same period.ResultsA total of 6 376 infectious disease related public health bud-events were documented in Shanghai in 2017‒2020， which involved 29 792 cases. There were two seasonal peaks， April through June and November through December. Clustered events accounted for 38.85%， mainly caused by chickenpox （14.10%）， hand，foot and mouth disease （11.17%） and norovirus-associated infectious diarrhea （6.54%）. The 36.73% of the bud-events occurred in school settings， which involved 24 718 cases （accounting for 83.00% of all cases）. Median time duration between onset date of the first cases and report date of the events was 4 days， and median duration of the events was 14 days， demonstrating positive correlation. In addition， all the infectious disease related public health emergencies（n=77） from 2017 through 2020 were classified as common events or unclassified. The proportion of infectious disease related public health emergencies in the bud-events during the same period was 1.21%， and that of infectious disease related public health emergencies in the bud-events in school settings was 2.48%.ConclusionTwo peaks of infectious disease related public health bud-events are observed in spring as well as autumn and winter in Shanghai from 2017 through 2020. Schools should be prioritized for control and prevention of infectious diseases. Bud-event surveillance system has been contributable to the prevention and control of public health emergencies， especially in the early detection， reporting and control of clustered events in schools. Bud-event surveillance system should be further improved and assessed comprehensively.

With the development of advanced aviation engines in the direction of high thrust-to-weight ratio and lightweight, a series of lightweight aviation materials such as titanium alloys, nickel-based high-temperature alloys, and ceramic-based composite materials have emerged and been widely used for the key components in the aerospace field, and have also become the main production materials for aero-engine blades. However, due to the stress concentration sensitivity of carbide and the anisotropy and brittle mechanism of composite materials, the fatigue failure problem is gradually highlighted. Existing studies show that the fatigue resistance performance of aero-engine blades has important relationship with its processing process, which in turn affects the service performance and service life of the equipment. Grinding, as the final material removal process for aero-engine blades, directly determines the final surface integrity and fatigue resistance of the blades while obtaining precise profiles. In order to understand the characteristics of blades processed by new lightweight aviation materials, and provide guidance for the processing of aero-engine blades for optimization of fatigue performance, the application of typical aero-engine blade materials and the research status of anti-fatigue grinding technology are summarized. Firstly, the characteristics of typical lightweight and high-strength aeronautical materials and their application in the production of aero-engine blades are briefly described. Secondly, the method of high surface integrity grinding and the key technology of anti-fatigue processing of aero-engine blades are analyzed. Finally, the research on anti-fatigue grinding of aero-engine blades is prospected.

Surface deformation has become an important factor affecting urban development. Lanzhou is an important location in the Belt and Road Initiative, an international development policy implemented by the Chinese government. Because of rapid urbanization in Lanzhou, surface deformation occurs easily. However, the spatial-temporal characteristics of surface deformation and the interaction of driving forces behind surface deformation in Lanzhou are unclear. This paper uses small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) technology to obtain the spatial-temporal characteristics of surface deformation in Lanzhou based on 32 Sentinel-1A data from March 2015 to January 2017. We further employ a geographical detector (geo-detector) to analyze the driving forces (single-factor effects and multifactor interactions) of surface deformation. The results show that the central urban area of Lanzhou was stable, while there was surface deformation around Nanhuan road, Dongfanghong Square, Jiuzhou, Country Garden, Dachaiping, Yujiaping, Lanzhou North Freight Yard, and Liuquan Town. The maximum deformation rate was −26.50 mm year−1, and the maximum rate of increase was 9.80 mm year−1. The influence factors of surface deformation in Lanzhou was a complex superposition relationship among various influencing factors, not a result of the single factor. The interaction between the built-up area and land cover types was the most important factor behind surface deformation in Lanzhou. This paper provides the reference data and scientific foundation for disaster prevention in Lanzhou.

In view that the traditional dynamic recrystallization (DRX) model cannot effectively predict the DRX process in the hot deformation process of sheet metal, DRX behavior modeling and simulation of q890 steel plate based on the plane strain compression test are designed. The plane strain thermal simulation tests were performed at 1,223–1,373 K and the strain rates of 1–50−1 on Gleeble-3500 thermal–mechanical simulator. The flow stress curves were well smoothed. The stress–strain data were investigated for the analysis of the dynamic recrystallization in the process of thermal deformation. The activation energy of DRX was calculated as Q = 394.53 kJ/mol by the simulation data. The equation of peak strain was developed with the flow stress data by the Zener–Hollomon parameter. The DRX transformation fraction of Q890 steel was studied, and the DRX kinetics equation was developed by the Avrami equation. The experimental data are in good agreement with the calculated values, which proves the reliability of the DRX model and can be widely used in real life.

The quality of tea is relative with its concentration. In this paper, we present a method to identify the concentration of tea based on Tyndall effect. The tea is illuminated by 3-watt LED light sources with the main wavelength in ultraviolet and visible bands. The intensities of transmitted light are detected using the distributed photometer and the images of light distribution are captured by CCD camera at vertical direction to observe the Tyndall effect. The intensities and images for different light sources are compared. The experimental results show that there exist Tyndall phenomenon in tea. In addition, the Tyndall effect becomes weaker as the tea concentration increases when the tea is illuminated by the LED light sources with the main wavelength in the ultraviolet band. The method presented in this paper should be helpful for rapid identification of the tea quality

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced protein-8-like 2, or TIPE2, is a newly found immune negative regulatory molecule. This study further investigated the role of TIPE2 on proliferation and invasion of cervical squamous cancer cells. Expression of TIPE2 was compared in cervical squamous cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues by Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cervical squamous cancer cell lines, SiHa and C33A, were transfected with recombinant plasmid encoding TIPE2 and tested for cytologic characteristics. The impact of TIPE2 on phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) signaling pathway was also tested by Western blot analysis of key factors. TIPE2 expression was higher in cervical cancer tissues than that in normal tissue. IHC score of tumor tissue was negatively associated with lymphatic metastasis. Over expression of TIPE2 effectively inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer cells. Wound healing and transwell assay showed that over expression of TIPE2 suppressed cell migration and invasion in vitro. Meanwhile, phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) 1/2 was reduced by TIPE2. TIPE2 is negatively related with development of cervical squamous cancer. TIPE2 is an inhibitory factor of proliferation and invasion of cervical squamous cancer cells, probably through inhibiting Erk signaling pathway.

10%(volume fraction)Cu/Al2O3 composite was prepared by the process of mechanical alloying and powder injection molding, the effect of alloying time and sintering temperature on microstructure and properties of the composite was investigated, and toughening mechanism of the composite was analyzed. The results show that 10%Cu/Al2O3 composite with good bending strength and fracture toughness can be prepared by the process of mechanical alloying for 10h, degreasing and then sintering at 1550℃. Bending strength and fracture toughness of the composite prepared by this process are up to 532MPa and 4.97MPa·m1/2 respectively. Due to weak diffusion of solid atoms for the composite being sintered below 1550℃, and mobility of particle boundaries being higher than pore escaping rate for the composite being sintered above 1550℃, porosity of the composite increases, and which results in strength and fracture toughness decreasing. Extending alloying time brings grain refinement and strong bonding between Cu and Al2O3 which is beneficial to elevate strength and hardness of the composite, while it is harmful to fracture toughness of the composite. Cu powders dispersing in the Al2O3 matrix protect the Al2O3 grains from coarsening during sintering process. And increasing in toughness of ceramic composite can be attributed to crack bridging and crack deflection when the cracks encounter the ductile Cu.

Spray deposited SiCP/Al-Fe-V-Si composites were densified by twice hot pressing and subsequently multi-pass hot rolling. Scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and tensile test were used, and the effect of matrix alloy components and Fe/V ratio on microstructure, mechanical properties and heat resistance of the composites were analyzed.The results show that the as-rolled composites have high volume fraction Al12(Fe,V)3Si dispersoids, and volume fraction of the dispersoids increases with Fe content increasing. Volume fraction of Al12(Fe,V)3Si dispersoids is up to 40% when Fe content of the matrix alloy is 11.5%(mass fraction). Al12(Fe,V)3Si dispersoids with the diameter of 50-80nm are distributed along the grain boundaries, and exhibit excellent thermal stability up to 500℃. However, above 500℃ the Fe atoms diffuse in the form of bulk diffusion, and accordingly the dispersoids both along the grain boundaries and in the grains become coarsened at a relative high velocity. Coarsening velocity of Al12(Fe,V)3Si dispersoids falls with the increase of Fe/V ratio. Strength of the composite increases with volume fraction of Al12(Fe,V)3Si dispersoid increasing, and decreases with the tensile temperature rising; the elongation of the composite decreases both with rise of volume fraction of Al12(Fe,V)3Si dispersoid and tensile temperature.

We are concerned with the following singularly perturbed fractional Schrödinger equation:

A novel compact printable chipless RFID tag is presented in this paper. The tag is etched on the substrate by several right-angel-shaped regularly arranged resonators.The tag has good stability for incident waves in a variety of polarized directions. A novel chipless tag encoding method to double the encoding capacity without increasing the mutual coupling between resonators is proposed. The RFID tag operates in the UWB band, and a high encoding density of 3.3 bit/cm2 is obtained on the area of 22 mm×11 mm. RCS curve of the tag has been given by simulation, the agreement between the simulation and the theoretical analysis validates this new concept of design. These tags are single-sided，have higher data density compared to the existing printable chipless tags，and can be directly printed on the ID cards and papers.

We summarize our theoretical studies for stopping power of energetic heavy ion, diatomic molecular ions and small clusters penetrating through plasmas. As a relevant research field for the heavy ion inertial confinement fusion (HICF), we lay the emphasis on the dynamic polarization and correlation effects of the constituent ion within the molecular ion and cluster for stopping power in order to disclose the role of the vicinage effect on the Coulomb explosion and energy deposition of molecules and clusters in plasma. On the other hand, as a promising scheme for ICF, both a strong laser field and an intense ion beam are used to irradiate a plasma target. So the influence of a strong laser field on stopping power is significant. We discussed a large range of laser and plasma parameters on the coulomb explosion and stopping power for correlated-ion cluster and C60 cluster. Furthermore, in order to indicate the effects of different cluster types and sizes on the stopping power, a comparison is made for hydrogen and carbon clusters. In addition, the deflection of molecular axis for diatomic molecules during the Coulomb explosion is also given for the cases both in the presence of a laser field and laser free. Finally, a future experimental scheme is put forward to measure molecular ion stopping power in plasmas in Xi'an Jiaotong University of China.

Abstract Background To further explore characteristics of myopia and changes in factors associated with myopia among students at Inner Mongolia Medical University. Methods Two cross-sectional censuses were conducted in 2011 and 2013. Participants were medical students residing on campus in 2011 and 2013. Logistic regression analysis was performed to ascertain associations with basic information, genetic factors, environmental factors. The χ2 test was used to test for differences in prevalence between 2011 and 2013. Prevalence was calculated at various myopia occurrence times among different parental myopia statuses. Results A total of 11,138 students enrolled from 2007 to 2012 completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of myopia in 2011 and 2013 was 70.50% and 69.21%, respectively, no statistically significant difference existed between the two censuses (p = 0.12). Both censuses were completed by 1015 students. There were no differences among the various year of study in 2011 or 2013. Myopic prevalence increased with an increased number of myopic parents: the prevalence if both parents were myopic was over 90%, nearly 80% if one parent was myopic, and less than 70% with non-myopic parents (p