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Objective To evaluate the value of narrow-band imaging (NBI) laryngoscopy combined with laryngopharyngeal reflux scale in the diagnosis of laryngeal malignant tumors and precancerous lesions. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 96 patients (87 males and 9 females) with suspected laryngeal cancer or precancerous lesions under white light laryngoscope from December 2021 to April 2022. All patients were examined and compared with under white light mode and NBI mode of laryngoscopy as well as scored with reflux sign scale (reflux finding score, RFS). The reflux symptom index (RSI) scale was scored under the guidance of the same professional physician. White light mode, NBI mode, white light mode combined with throat reflux scale and NBI mode combined with throat reflux scale were used to evaluate the benign and malignant lesions. The pathological results of biopsy or operation were confirmed and regarded as diagnostic criteria. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in white light mode, NBI mode, white light mode combined RSI, and NBI mode combined RSI were compared, and the diagnostic effectiveness of the 4 Methods were analyzed and compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) pairing analysis and ROC curve analysis. Results Among the 96 patients, 20 cases were benign lesions, 33 cases were precancerous lesions and 43 cases were malignant lesions. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity was 71.88%, 60.47% and 81.13%, respectively, for the white light mode; was 92.71%, 90.70% and 94.34%, respectively in the NBI mode, was 83.33%, 81.40% and 84.91%, respectively, for white light mode combined with RSI; and was 92.71%, 95.35% and 90.57%, respectively for NBI mode combined with RSI. The average score of RFS corresponding to the 3 pathological grades (benign, precancerous and malignant lesions) were 4.20±0.68, 5.85±2.32 and 9.49±2.56 in white light mode, 4.50±0.92, 6.70±2.67 and 10.77±2.18 in NBI mode, and the score of RSI was 9.10±1.77, 10.88±2.22 and 12.40±2.86, respectively. The average score of RFS of NBI classification I-Vc were 4.31±0.61, 4.67±1.25, 6.23±3.07, 7.27±2.26, 10.16±2.68, 11.06±2.07 and 11.33±1.70, respectively. The average score of RSI was 9.08±1.59, 9.50±1.89, 10.15±2.32, 11.73±2.72, 12.21±2.67, 12.53±3.17 and 15.33±3.70, respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of NBI mode were significantly higher than those of white light mode (P < 0.05); And so were white light model combined with laryngopharyngeal reflux scale than white light model (P < 0.05), but there was no statistical difference in specificity; There were no statistical differences in accuracy, sensitivity and specificity between NBI model and laryngopharyngeal reflux scale. The AUC difference between white light model and NBI, white light model and white light model combined with laryngeal reflux scale were -0.094 (95%CI: -0.167~-0.020) and -0.111 (95%CI: -0.178~-0.044), respectively (P < 0.05), which were statistically significant. Conclusion The diagnostic value of NBI model and white light model combined with laryngeal reflux scale is higher than that of white light model in laryngeal carcinoma and precancerous lesions.

Aconitine hydrolysis is deemed to be the guarantee for the safe application of Aconitum phytomedicine. Studies have suggested that hydrolysates of aconitine not only include benzoylaconitine and aconine, but other hydrolysates. Moreover, these hydrolysates maybe have a mutual transformation relationship, which has not been confirmed. Herein, hydrolysates of aconitine and their mutual transformation relationship were studied by the theoretical quantum chemistry, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, the separation and identification of target products, etc. Then the toxicity of its hydrolysates was evaluated. The results demonstrate that the probability is the same for aconitine hydrolysis to pyroaconitine and benzoylaconitine, but they are difficult to convert to each other. Aconitine hydrolysis has three independent hydrolysis pathways, 1) to indaconitine, 2) to benzoylaconitine, and aconine, 3) to pyroaconitine and to 16-epi-pyroaconine. The result of embryotoxicity evaluation on zebrafish was aconitine > indaconitine > benzoylaconitine > α-pyroaconitine > β- pyroaconitine > aconine > 16-epi-pyroaconine. In conclusion, aconitine have three independent hydrolysis pathways and the hydrolysates of different pathways cannot be transformed into each other. Pyroaconitine is a hydrolysate of aconitine except for benzoylaconitine, and its toxicity is lower than benzoylaconitine. More importantly, it clarifies the long-standing debate and provides scientific evidence for the processing and detoxification of Aconitum phytomedicine.

Li-rich manganese cathode material(LMCM)is considered to be the most promising cathode material for the next generation of Li-ion battery due to the advantages of high specific capacity (>250 mAh·g-1) and low cost. However, due to factors such as irreversible structural transformation of the cathode material during cycling, these materials suffer from many problems including high first irreversible capacity loss, energy decay, poor rate performance and voltage decay. The problems of LMCM can be partially improved by lattice doping, coating modification and structural optimization design, and the electrochemical performance as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries can be improved. This paper focuses on the primary problems and modification research work of LMCM. The causes of the problems existing in LMCM were firstly analysed. Then, the current research status of the main modification methods was elaborated. Meanwhile, the advantages and disadvantages of each modification method were discussed while the future research directions were pointed out. The current industrialization process and major challenges of LMCM materials were also discussed.Due to LMCM’s problems and the slow development of supporting materials,it is only produced in small batches in a few enterprises at present.

Abstract Background Indigo naturalis is a blue dye in ancient, as well as an extensive used traditional Chinese medicine. It has a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties and can be used to treat numerous ailments such as leukemia, psoriasis, and ulcerative colitis. This article aims to expand our understanding of indigo naturalis in terms of its chemical constituents, pharmacological action and clinical applications. Methods We searched PubMed, web of science, CNKI, Google academic, Elsevier and other databases with the key words of “Indigo naturalis”, and reviewed and sorted out the modern research of indigo naturalis based on our research results. Results We outlined the traditional manufacturing process, chemical composition and quality control of indigo naturalis, systematically reviewed traditional applictions, pharmacological activities and mechanism of indigo naturalis, and summarized its clinical trials about treatment of psoriasis, leukemia and ulcerative colitis. Conclusions Indigo naturalis has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, immunomodulatory and so on. It has very good clinical effect on psoriasis, leukemia and ulcerative colitis. However, it should be noted that long-term use of indigo naturalis may produce some reversible adverse reactions. In summarize, indigo naturalis is an extremely important drug with great value and potential.

After the gear fault occurs， the vibration signal collected includes fault impact， deterministic meshing signal and noise signal， and these signals are also affected by the transmission path， which makes the gear fault feature extraction difficult. Cepstrum analysis is a common method for gear fault diagnosis. It can display the periodic components in the sideband as a single line， which is helpful for fault diagnosis. However， when the fault characteristic signal is weak， the fault characteristics in the cepstrum are not obvious. For this， feature-enhanced cepstrum analysis method is proposed. Three feature enhancement methods minimum entropy deconvolution， autoregressive linear prediction and wavelet de-noising are used to enhance the fault impact characteristics of gear vibration signals， and then the cepstrum is used to extract the fault features. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiment.

Graphene oxide (GO) has wide applications and development prospects in the functional composites owing to its many unique properties, such as two-dimensional structure and large theoretical specific surface areas as well as hydrophilic and polarized interface. The present situation and progress of the graphene oxide composites used in reinforcing and toughening, adsorption separation, photocatalysis and biological medicine were introduced in this paper. The mechanism of producing reinforcing and toughening of polymer and cement based composites caused by forming regular and ordered microstructure regulated with GO nanosheets was mainly summerized. Meanwhile, application principle of the GO composites in the field of adsorption, photocatalysis and biological medicine were analyzed. Finally, the application and development trend of GO composites in reinforcing and toughness as well as adsorption and photocatalysis were pointed out.

A traceable method is presented, to study the purities of certified reference material of 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene with the assessment of uncertainties. The purities of 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene were determined by the mass balance method. The qualitative analysis of main non-volatile impurities was identified as 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and standard addition. The quantitative analysis for the impurities was measured by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The content of water and ash in 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene were respectively measured by Karl-Fischer titrator and ignited at 900℃ in a muffler roaster. The residuals of solvent were confirmed as ethyl ether by Headspace Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The certified result with the mass balance method was 98.79% and the expanded uncertainty was 0.20% (k=2). The good homogeneity result in the 95% confidence interval was validated by F-test and t-test statistical methods with samples from 500 different bottles. The stability inspection was carried out on short-term (one month) and long-term (12 months) tests, and the results indicate that the stability period for 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene of storage is no less than 12 months at 20℃.

In view of problem that database system of a Coal Mine Machinery Manufacturing Enterprise has many users and influences its safety performance, the paper proposed a design scheme of security mechanism of database system based on SQL Server. It introduced design of selection of login mode, application procedure confirmation, creation of SQL Server group, setting of database access, setting and assignment of user authority and other safety mechanisms in details. It indicated that when designing the security mechanism, it firstly should create global group, obtain server access through SQL Server Users group, obtain access authority of database through specific database group, and then should create database roles and assign authority to the roles according to access requirements of users, at last the global group obtains authority through adding the roles, so as to ensure safety of the database system. The actual application validates feasibility and effectiveness of the security mechanism.

For problem that step of traditional learning algorithm of BP neural network is difficult to determine, the paper proposed a method of using BP neural network based on RLS algorithm to detect fault of mine ventilation system. It introduced structure of the BP neural network briefly, and introduced RLS learning algorithm and simulation process in details. The simulation results show that the BP neural network with RLS algorithm can meet the requirements of fault detection of mine ventilation system.