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A new method for the preparation of sulfonamides from sodium sulfinates and amines is developed. A stoichiometric amount of m-chloroperbenzoic acid as oxidant and a catalytic amount of 1-iodopropane provides the corresponding sulfonamides in good yields under mild reaction conditions. In this protocol, 1-iodopropane is first oxidized by m-chloroperbenzoic acid into the corresponding hypervalent iodine intermediate iodosylpropane, which is highly unstable and decomposes at once to form hypoiodous acid. Then, the following reaction of the generated active hypoiodous acid with sodium sulfinates and amines results in the corresponding sulfonamides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the presence of I2, a simple method for the preparation of arylselanyl anilines from anilines and diselenides is developed. This metal-free iodine-promoted procedure proceeds efficiently under mild reaction conditions, providing a series of arylselanyl anilines with high regioselectivity, and mostly in moderate to good yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of fluorene-free bipolar star-shaped molecules, Sn-Cz-OXD (n = 1–5), with increasing conjugated length in branches were synthesized as high efficient blue emitters for OLEDs. With the extension of conjugated branches, the solid PL quantum efficiency and external quantum efficiency of Sn-Cz-OXD significantly increased with longer spacer, while the emission spectrum of these materials exhibited a blue-shift with enhanced color purity due to the unique molecular design. All materials maintained exceptionally high thermal stability after prolonged heat treatment at 150 °C in air. The photophysical, electrochemical, thermal properties of these emitters were studied in relation to the molecular structure. Nondoped device based on S4-Cz-OXD with structure ITO/PEDOT:PSS/EML/TPBI/LiF/Al emitted stable pure blue light with CIE coordinates of (0.157, 0.146). It exhibited high current efficiency and external quantum efficiency of 4.96 cd A −1 and 4.20%, respectively. These values are among the best results for solution-processed non-doped blue device based on fluorene-free materials, indicating its potential for commercial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morel is a popular edible mushroom with considerable medicinal and economic value which has garnered global popularity. However, the increasing heavy metal (HM) pollution in the soil presents a significant challenge to morels cultivation. Given the susceptibility of morels to HM accumulation, the quality and output of morels are at risk, posing a serious food safety concern that hinders the development of the morel industry. Nonetheless, research on the mechanism of HM enrichment and mitigation strategies in morel remains scarce. The morel, being cultivated in soil, shows a positive correlation between HM content in its fruiting body and the HM content in the soil. Therefore, soil remediation emerges as the most practical and effective approach to tackle HM pollution. Compared to physical and chemical remediation, bioremediation is a low-cost and eco-friendly approach that poses minimal threats to soil composition and structure. HMs easily enriched during morels cultivation were examined, including Cd, Cu, Hg, and Pb, and we assessed soil passivation technology, microbial remediation, strain screening and cultivation, and agronomic measures as potential approaches for HM pollution prevention. The current review underscores the importance of establishing a comprehensive system for preventing HM pollution in morels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: We report a simple and roll-to-roll suitable method of manufacturing low-voltage, all-polymer electrochemical transistors (ECTs). The ECTs are built on self-supported and patterned ion conducting membranes that are tailor-made by the electron beam irradiation induced grafting technique. The redox-active poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) is then printed by flexography onto the membrane in one fabrication step. The ECTs are “normally-on” devices that operate below 2V. We also utilize overoxidation of PEDOT in order to demonstrate write-once read many times (WORM) memory functionality in the ECT. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Preferred-handed propeller conformation was induced by circularly polarized light irradiation to three amorphous molecules with trigonal symmetry, and the molecules with induced chirality efficiently exhibited blue circularly polarized luminescence. In both chirality induction and luminescence, chirality appeared to be amplified due to intermolecular interactions through π-stacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]