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Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to screen for frequencies of different CYP450 genotypes in the Chinese population and explore the relationship between sorafenib toxicity and CYP450 polymorphism. Methods A total of 600 peripheral blood samples were obtained from two groups for this study. The first group of 300 samples were from Chinese patients with HBV/HCV-associated HCC, while the remaining 300 samples were from a healthy population of recruited subjects. Allele-specific PCR and long-fragment gene sequencing was used to identify the frequencies of CYP450 polymorphism. Aflatoxin-induced HCC rat models expressing CYP3A4*1, CYP3A5*3, CYP2C19*2, and CYP2D6*10 were established and treated with sorafenib at certain time points. Hepatic and renal function, along with plasma concentration of sorafenib, were monitored regularly. Results The most common forms of CYP mutations in the Chinese population were identified. The levels of sorafenib plasma concentration, as well as damage to hepatic and renal function in aflatoxin-induced HCC rat models varied significantly across the different CYP genotypes. Conclusion The mutational frequencies of CYP3A5, CYP3A4, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 genotypes varied among different ethnic groups and populations. Individuals with CYP3A5*3 demonstrated minimal sorafenib metabolism, which led to severe hepatic and renal damage. Inter-individual variability in sorafenib-toxicity may be interpreted by CYP450 genetic polymorphisms, suggesting that identification of CYP polymorphism within a certain population should be considered in sorafenib therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The response and control of the transverse vibration of an axially moving free-free beam with high speed subjected to the thermal shock is studied. Considering the thermal shock and the control force, the transverse vibration equation and boundary conditions are formulated by the Hamilton principle. The instant linearized equations are set up based on Galerkin' s method for the approximation solution. Considering the thermal shock, the displacement responses are calculated, where the axially speed is 2 Ma. Then the controller is designed based on LQR method. The optimal Q and R matrices are selected by the weighting coefficient method. The displacement responses for the control method are simulated by a numerical example. The results show that the control method can suppress the transverse vibration effectively [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To explore the relationship among oral lichen planus (OLP), depression and gonadal hormones in female patients with OLP. METHODS: Sixty--seven cases of female out--patients with OLP were divided into erosion group (rc=25)and non-erosion group (re=42). Meanwhile, 30 female out-patients with other benign oral lesion and without oral mucosa diseases were used as control group. Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS), self-rating depression scale(SDS), Hmiton anxiety scale(HAMA), Hmiton depression scale(HAMD) and life event scale(LES) were evaluated in all participants who were tested simultaneously with FSH, LH, E2, T, PRL as well as CORT and were screened with DSM-IV criteria for major depression. The data were analyzed by Chi-square test, Student's t test and Spearman rank correlation using SPSS10.0 software package. RESULTS: Ten cases (40% )met the DSM-IV diagnosis of depression in the erosion group, and 6 (14.3%), 1 (3.3%)in the non--erosion group and control group, respectively. The scores of SAS, SDS, HAMA, HAMD and the level of CORT in both the erosion and non--erosion groups were higher than those in the control group, but there was no significant difference between the erosion group and the non-erosion group. The score of LES in the erosion group was higher than the non-erosion group and control group, and there was no significant difference between the non-erosion group and control group. The total and negative life event scores of LES were positively correlated with the scores of SAS, SDS,HAMA and HAMD. The level of E2 and T in the erosion group was lower than the non-erosion group and control group. There was a negative correlation between the scores of SDS, HAMD and the level of E2 and T in the erosion group. CONCLUSIONS: Depression plays an important role in the development of OLP, and one mechanism may be gonadal hormone disturbance, with stress as the triggering factor. The estrin treatment is helpful to improve the treatment effect on OLP of erosion style, especially, for female patient with depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) random vibration test control is affected by the accuracy of frequency response function (FRF) estimation, and which is furthermore influenced by signal noise and spectrum leakage. H~ estimation is used to suppress signal noise, and then all-phase FFT spectrum analysis method which can decrease spectrum leakage is induced to construct all-phase H, FRF estimation, as is used to improve FRF estimation and then to improve MIMO random vibration test control. At last a two-input two-output contrast test about H, FRF estimation and all-phase H, FRF estimation is implemented on a steel cantilever beam, the estimation results are used into MIMO random vibration test control, the control results are improved when all-phase H, FRF estimation is used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new approach is presented for random vibration test of dual-shaker using H∞ based optimal decoupling method with two degrees-of-freedom controller without taking the cross-spectra into account. The algorithm can make the control spectrum converge to the reference spectrum quickly and stably. Firstly, the original high-order stable system model is reduced to a low-order one which is shaped by the H∞ loop-shaping design method. Then a controller is designed based on the reduced model using the H∞ two degrees of freedom control method which introduced model uncertainties into the system. Lastly, a cantilever beam was used to test the proposed control approach. A two-inputs-two outputs control model was set up based on the beam. The results demonstrated that, in the frequency range from 20 to 2000 Hz, the controller could make the error between the output PSD and the reference one less than ± 1 dB, which is perfect for the random vibration control test of dual-shaker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The control of the transverse vibration of an axially moving cantilever beam is studied and two control methods are presented in the paper. The transverse vibration equation and boundary conditions are formulated by the Hamilton principle. The instant linearized equations are set up based on Galerkin method for the approximation solution. The controllers for active vibrator and active force are designed based on LQR method. The optimal Q and R matrices are selected by the weighting coefficient method. The two control methods are simulated by a numerical example. The results show that the two control methods can all suppress the transverse vibration effectively. The control result of the latter method is better than that of the active vibrator method, but the active vibrator is more realizable than the former in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the idea of cross-coupling compensation, a control scheme for MIMO sinusoidal vibration control system is put forward. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is analyzed considering the multiplicative output uncertainties of the system errors. The control algorithm is simulated to verify its effectiveness. A PC is used as the control center and the control system is constructed based on VXI bus module. The control software is programmed. The driving signals and response signals can be generated and sampled automatically. Experiments of dual-shaker sinusoidal vibration control are implemented on a cantilever beam. The control results show that the developed MIMO sinusoidal vibration control system is effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: An H∞ method for the vibration control of an iron cantilever beam with axial velocity using the noncontact force by permanent magnets is proposed in the paper. The transverse vibration equation of the axially moving cantilever beam with a tip mass is derived by D''Alembert''s principle and then updated by experiments. An experimental platform and a magnetic control system are introduced. The properties of the force between the magnet and the beam have been determined by theoretic analysis and tests. The H∞ control strategy for the suppression of the beam transverse vibration by initial deformation excitations is put forward. The control method can be used for the beam with constant length or varying length. Numerical simulation and actual experiments are implemented. The results show that the control method is effective and the simulations fit well with the experiments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Mitochondria regulate a range of important physiological and biochemical cellular processes including apoptotic cell death, energy production, calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism. Given their role as the 'engines' of cells, their dysfunction is associated with a variety of disease states. Exploring the relationship between mitochondrial function and disease can reveal the mechanism(s) of drug activity and disease pathology. In this review, we summarized the methods of evaluating the structure and function of mitochondria, including the morphology, membrane fluidity, membrane potential, opening of the membrane permeability transition pore, inner membrane permeabilization, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, oxidative stress, energy metabolism-related enzymes, apoptotic pathway related proteins, calcium concentration, DNA copy number, oxygen consumption, β-oxidation-related genes and proteins, cardiolipin content, and adenosine triphosphate content. We believe that the information presented in this review will help explore the pathological processes of mitochondria in the occurrence and development of diseases, as well as the activity and mechanism of drugs, and the discovery of new drugs., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Under the background of the Belt and Road Initiative, the exchange of traditional medicine has become inevitable. China and Thailand are amicable neighbors, and the cooperation between the two countries in the field of traditional medicine has become increasingly close in recent years. Nevertheless, on account of the differences in culture, region, politics, economy and so on, the two countries have common features and unique characteristics in the theoretical system of traditional medicine, quality standard control of medicinal materials, research and development and use of medicinal materials. This paper summarizes the similarities and differences as well as the development opportunities of traditional medicine between China and Thailand. The specific content involves the development history, resources, and use of medicinal resources in Thailand, the main achievements and existing problems of modern research of Thai medicine, the spread and development of Chinese medicine in Thailand, and the spread and development of Thai medicine in China. Furthermore, the paper outlines the recent situation of traditional medicine interflow and cooperation between the two countries, and predicts the prospects for cooperation and development of traditional medicine between China and Thailand in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, especially in the joint research and development and the improvement of quality standards of important medicinal plant varieties commonly used by the two countries and circulated across the border. Through the exchange and mutual learning, we can step up the traditional medicine cooperation between China and Thailand, which will provide advantageous conditions for the safety of medicine use as well as political and social stability between the two countries.

Objective: To investigate the nutritional status in acute stage ischemic stroke and its relation to disease severity and prognosis of patients., Methods: Fifty patients with ischemic stroke were admitted in hospital within 48 h after onset. National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the severity of stroke. Physical index and laboratory index were measured on d1, d7 and d14 after admission. Physical index included body weight, body mass index, triceps skin folds, upper arm circumference and arm muscle circumference. Laboratory index included prealbumin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), complement C3 and cortisol. The severity of metabolic disturbance was expressed as the difference of biochemical indexes between the d7 and d1. All cases were followed up for 6 months. The prognosis of stroke was evaluated with modified Rankin (mRankin) scores., Results: No significant changes of physical indexes were found between d7 and d1. The levels of prealbumin and complement C3 on d7 after admission were significantly decreased compared to d1 (198.8 mg/L±20.3 mg/L vs 286.7 mg/L±23.8 mg/L and 0.6 g/L±0.1 g/L vs 1.0 g/L±0.1 g/L, respectively, both P<0.05). The levels of hs-CRP and cortisol at d7 were significantly increased compared to d1 (495.2 nmol/L±39.5 nmol/L vs 24.1 mg/L±5.2 mg/L and 396.4 nmol/L±41.3 nmol/L vs 5.1 mg/L±1.2 mg/L, respectively, both P<0.05). On d14 after admission hs-CRP (13.2 mg/L±4.5 mg/L) and cortisol levels (463.4 nmol/L±32.1 nmol/L) were still significantly higher than d1 (both P<0.05). However, there were no difference in prealbumin (259.2 mg/L±22.8 mg/L) and complement C3 (0.8 g/L±0.2 g/L) levels between d1 and d14 after admission. Correlation analysis revealed that the NIHSS scores and mRankin scores were correlated with nutrition metabolism disturbances (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Nutrition metabolism disturbances in patients with acute ischemic stroke are related to the disease duration, the severity and prognosis of stroke.