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286 results on '"Hayes, William K."'

4. Crotalus atrox venom preconditioning increases plasma fibrinogen and reduces perioperative hemorrhage in a rat model of surgical brain injury.

Author

Kim, Cherine H, McBride, Devin W, Raval, Ronak, Sherchan, Prativa, Hay, Karen L, Gren, Eric CK, Kelln, Wayne, Lekic, Tim, Hayes, William K, Bull, Brian S, Applegate, Richard, Tang, Jiping, and Zhang, John H

Subjects
Animals, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Crotalus, Brain Injuries, Disease Models, Animal, Hemorrhage, Hematoma, Intraoperative Complications, Fibrinogen, Fibrin, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products, Snake Venoms, International Normalized Ratio, Prothrombin Time, Male, Disease Models, Animal, Sprague-Dawley
Abstract

Perioperative bleeding is a potentially devastating complication in neurosurgical patients, and plasma fibrinogen concentration has been identified as a potential modifiable risk factor for perioperative bleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate preconditioning with Crotalus atrox venom (Cv-PC) as potential preventive therapy for reducing perioperative hemorrhage in the rodent model of surgical brain injury (SBI). C. atrox venom contains snake venom metalloproteinases that cleave fibrinogen into fibrin split products without inducing clotting. Separately, fibrinogen split products induce fibrinogen production, thereby elevating plasma fibrinogen levels. Thus, the hypothesis was that preconditioning with C. atrox venom will produce fibrinogen spilt products, thereby upregulating fibrinogen levels, ultimately improving perioperative hemostasis during SBI. We observed that Cv-PC SBI animals had significantly reduced intraoperative hemorrhage and postoperative hematoma volumes compared to those of vehicle preconditioned SBI animals. Cv-PC animals were also found to have higher levels of plasma fibrinogen at the time of surgery, with unchanged prothrombin time. Cv-PC studies with fractions of C. atrox venom suggest that snake venom metalloproteinases are largely responsible for the improved hemostasis by Cv-PC. Our findings indicate that Cv-PC increases plasma fibrinogen levels and may provide a promising therapy for reducing perioperative hemorrhage in elective surgeries.

Published
2017

44. Population status of Chuck-will's-widow (Caprimulgus carolinensis) in the Bahamas

Author

Hayes, William K., Bracey, Elwood D., Price, Melissa R., Robinette, Valerie, Gren, Eric, and Stahala, Caroline

Subjects
Population biology -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

The Chuck-will's-widow (Caprimulgus carolinensis) in the Bahama Islands has been regarded as a rare to uncommon winter visitor. We conducted breeding season surveys on the three largest northern islands (North Andros, Grand Bahama, and Great Abaco) to examine the status of this species. We encountered singing birds on most survey routes on all three islands, suggesting that sizeable breeding populations are widespread in the northern Bahamas with an aggregate estimate of 500-1,000 pairs. Our density estimates were somewhat less than those from the primary range in the United States, suggesting either a lower carrying capacity in the Bahama Islands or recently established populations that have yet to reach carrying capacity., Much remains to be learned about Chuckwill's-widow (Caprimulgus carolinensis) and other nightjars (Caprimulgiformes), largely because of their nocturnal and secretive habits. The species breeds across much of the eastern United [...]

Published
2010

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