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268 results on '"Hauglustaine, Didier A."'

4. Predicting the effect of confinement on the COVID-19 spread using machine learning enriched with satellite air pollution observations

Author

Xing, Xiaofan, Xiong, Yuankang, Yang, Ruipu, Wang, Rong, Wang, Weibing, Kan, Haidong, Lu, Tun, Li, Dongsheng, Cao, Junji, Peñuelas, Josep, Ciais, Philippe, Bauer, Nico, Boucher, Olivier, Balkanski, Yves, Hauglustaine, Didier, Brasseur, Guy, Morawska, Lidia, Janssens, Ivan A., Wang, Xiangrong, Sardans, Jordi, Wang, Yijing, Deng, Yifei, Wang, Lin, Chen, Jianmin, Tang, Xu, and Zhang(张人禾), Renhe

Published
2021

11. Evaluation of modelled climatologies of O3, CO, water vapour and NOy in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere using regular in situ observations by passenger aircraft

Author

Cohen, Yann, primary, Hauglustaine, Didier, additional, Sauvage, Bastien, additional, Rohs, Susanne, additional, Konjari, Patrick, additional, Bundke, Ulrich, additional, Petzold, Andreas, additional, Thouret, Valérie, additional, Zahn, Andreas, additional, and Ziereis, Helmut, additional

Published
2023
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12. Recent methane surges reveal heightened emissions from tropical inundated areas

Author

Lin, Xin, primary, Peng, Shushi, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Hauglustaine, Didier, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Liu, Gang, additional, Ramonet, Michel, additional, Xi, Yi, additional, Yin, Yi, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Bösch, Hartmut, additional, Bousquet, Philippe, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Dong, Bogang, additional, Gerlein-Safdi, Cynthia, additional, Halder, Santanu, additional, Parker, Robert, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Pu, Tianjiao, additional, Remaud, Marine, additional, Runge, Alexandra, additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Thompson, Rona, additional, Yoshida, Yukio, additional, and Zheng, Bo, additional

Published
2023
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13. A multi-model assessment of the Global Warming Potential of hydrogen

Author

Sand, Maria, primary, Skeie, Ragnhild Bieltvedt, additional, Sandstad, Marit, additional, Krishnan, Srinath, additional, Myhre, Gunnar, additional, Bryant, Hannah, additional, Derwent, Richard, additional, Hauglustaine, Didier, additional, Paulot, Fabien, additional, Prather, Michael, additional, and Stevenson, David, additional

Published
2023
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14. Supplementary material to "Evaluation of modelled climatologies of O3, CO, water vapour and NOy in the upper troposphere – lower stratosphere using regular in situ observations by passenger aircraft"

Author

Cohen, Yann, primary, Hauglustaine, Didier, additional, Sauvage, Bastien, additional, Rohs, Susanne, additional, Konjari, Patrick, additional, Bundke, Ulrich, additional, Petzold, Andreas, additional, Thouret, Valérie, additional, Zahn, Andreas, additional, and Ziereis, Helmut, additional

Published
2023
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17. Global agricultural ammonia emissions simulated with the ORCHIDEE land surface model

Author

Beaudor, Maureen, Vuichard, Nicolas, Lathière, Juliette, Evangeliou, Nikolaos, Van Damme, Martin, Clarisse, Lieven, Hauglustaine, Didier, Beaudor, Maureen, Vuichard, Nicolas, Lathière, Juliette, Evangeliou, Nikolaos, Van Damme, Martin, Clarisse, Lieven, and Hauglustaine, Didier

Abstract

Ammonia (NH3) is an important atmospheric constituent.It plays a role in air quality and climate through the formation of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate particles.It has also an impact on ecosystems through deposition processes.About 85 % of NH3 global anthropogenic emissions are related to food and feed production and, in particular, to the use of mineral fertilizers and manure management.Most global chemistry transport models (CTMs) rely on bottom-up emission inventories, which are subject to significant uncertainties.In this study, we estimate emissions from livestock by developing a new module to calculate ammonia emissions from the whole agricultural sector (from housing and storage to grazing and fertilizer application) within the ORCHIDEE (Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems) global land surface model.We detail the approach used for quantifying livestock feed management, manure application, and indoor and soil emissions and subsequently evaluate the model performance.Our results reflect China, India, Africa, Latin America, the USA, and Europe as the main contributors to global NH3 emissions,accounting for 80 % of the total budget.The global calculated emissions reach 44 Tg N yr−1 over the 2005–2015 period, which is within the range estimated by previous work.Key parameters (e.g. the pH of the manure, timing of N application, and atmospheric NH3 surface concentration) that drive the soil emissions have also been tested in order to assess the sensitivity of ourmodel.Manure pH is the parameter to which modeled emissions are the most sensitive, with a 10 % change in emissions per percent change in pH.Even though we found an underestimation in our emissions over Europe (−26 %) and an overestimation in the USA (+56 %) compared with previous work, other hot spot regions are consistent.The calculated emission seasonality is in very good agreement with satellite-based emissions.These encouraging results prove the potential of couplin, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2023

23. Why atmospheric methane surged in 2020?

Author

Peng, Shushi, primary, Lin, Xin, additional, Thompson, Rona, additional, Xi, Yi, additional, Liu, Gang, additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Hauglustaine, Didier, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Ramonet, Michel, additional, Saumois, Marielle, additional, Yin, Yi, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Zheng, Bo, additional, and Ciais, Philippe, additional

Published
2023
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31. The Lateral Carbon Pump, and the European Carbon Balance

Author

Ciais, Philippe, Borges, Alberto V., Abril, Gwenael, Meybeck, Michel, Folberth, Gerd, Hauglustaine, Didier, Janssens, Ivan A., Caldwell, M. M., editor, Heldmaier, G., editor, Jackson, R. B., editor, Lange, O. L., editor, Mooney, H. A., editor, Schulze, E. -D., editor, Sommer, U., editor, Dolman, A. Johannes, editor, Valentini, Riccardo, editor, and Freibauer, Annette, editor

Published
2008
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32. The contribution of China's emissions to global climate forcing

Author

Li, Bengang, Gasser, Thomas, Ciais, Philippe, Piao, Shilong, Tao, Shu, Balkanski, Yves, Hauglustaine, Didier, Boisier, Juan-Pablo, Huang, Mengtian, Li, Laurent Zhaoxin, Li, Yue, Liu, Hongyan, Liu, Junfeng, Peng, Shushi, Shen, Zehao, Sun, Zhenzhong, Wang, Rong, Wang, Tao, Yin, Guodong, Yin, Yi, Zeng, Hui, Zeng, Zhenzhong, and Zhou, Feng

Subjects
China -- Environmental aspects, Global temperature changes -- Analysis, Climatic changes -- Analysis, Emissions (Pollution) -- Control -- Analysis, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Knowledge of the contribution that individual countries have made to global radiative forcing is important to the implementation of the agreement on 'common but differentiated responsibilities' reached by the United [...]

Published
2016

35. The Climate Impact of Hypersonic Transport

Author

Pletzer, Johannes Friedrich, Hauglustaine, Didier, Cohen, Yann, Jöckel, Patrick, and Grewe, Volker

Abstract

Hypersonic aircraft flying at Mach 5 to 8 are a means for traveling very long distances in extremely short times and are even significantly faster than supersonic transport (Mach 1.5 to 2.5). Fueled with liquid hydrogen (LH2), their emissions consist of water vapor (H2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburned hydrogen. If LH2 is produced in a climate- and carbon-neutral manner, carbon dioxide does not have to be included when calculating the climate footprint. H2O that is emitted near the surface has a very short residence time (hours) and thereby no considerable climate impact. Super- and hypersonic aviation emit at very high altitudes (15 to 35 km), and H2O residence times increase with altitude from months to several years, with large latitudinal variations. Therefore, emitted H2O has a substantial impact on climate via high altitude H2O changes. Since the (photo-)chemical lifetime of H2O largely decreases at altitudes above 30 km via the reaction with O(1D) and via photolysis, the question is whether the H2O climate impact from hypersonics flying above 30 km becomes smaller with higher cruise altitude. Here, we use two state-of-the-art chemistry–climate models and a climate response model to investigate atmospheric changes and respective climate impacts as a result of two potential hypersonic fleets flying at 26 and 35 km, respectively. We show, for the first time, that the (photo-)chemical H2O depletion of H2O emissions at these altitudes is overcompensated by a recombination of hydroxyl radicals to H2O and an enhanced methane and nitric acid depletion. These processes lead to an increase in H2O concentrations compared to a case with no emissions from hypersonic aircraft. This results in a steady increase with altitude of the H2O perturbation lifetime of up to 4.4±0.2 years at 35 km. We find a 18.2±2.8 and 36.9±3.4 mW m−2 increase in stratosphere-adjusted radiative forcing due to the two hypersonic fleets flying at 26 and 35 km, respectively. On average, ozone changes contribute 8 %–22 %, and water vapor changes contribute 78 %–92 % to the warming. Our calculations show that the climate impact, i.e., mean surface temperature change derived from the stratosphere-adjusted radiative forcing, of hypersonic transport is estimated to be roughly 8–20 times larger than a subsonic reference aircraft with the same transport volume (revenue passenger kilometers) and that the main contribution stems from H2O.

Published
2022

37. The climate impact of hydrogen-powered hypersonic transport

Author

Pletzer, Johannes (author), Hauglustaine, Didier (author), Cohen, Yann (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Grewe, V. (author), Pletzer, Johannes (author), Hauglustaine, Didier (author), Cohen, Yann (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), and Grewe, V. (author)

Abstract

Hypersonic aircraft flying at Mach 5 to 8 are a means for traveling very long distances in extremely short times and are even significantly faster than supersonic transport (Mach 1.5 to 2.5). Fueled with liquid hydrogen (LH2), their emissions consist of water vapor (H2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburned hydrogen. If LH2 is produced in a climate- and carbon-neutral manner, carbon dioxide does not have to be included when calculating the climate footprint. H2O that is emitted near the surface has a very short residence time (hours) and thereby no considerable climate impact. Super- and hypersonic aviation emit at very high altitudes (15 to 35 km), and H2O residence times increase with altitude from months to several years, with large latitudinal variations. Therefore, emitted H2O has a substantial impact on climate via high altitude H2O changes. Since the (photo-)chemical lifetime of H2O largely decreases at altitudes above 30 km via the reaction with O(1D) and via photolysis, the question is whether the H2O climate impact from hypersonics flying above 30 km becomes smaller with higher cruise altitude. Here, we use two state-of-the-art chemistry-climate models and a climate response model to investigate atmospheric changes and respective climate impacts as a result of two potential hypersonic fleets flying at 26 and 35 km, respectively. We show, for the first time, that the (photo-)chemical H2O depletion of H2O emissions at these altitudes is overcompensated by a recombination of hydroxyl radicals to H2O and an enhanced methane and nitric acid depletion. These processes lead to an increase in H2O concentrations compared to a case with no emissions from hypersonic aircraft. This results in a steady increase with altitude of the H2O perturbation lifetime of up to 4.4±0.2 years at 35 km. We find a 18.2±2.8 and 36.9±3.4 mW m-2 increase in stratosphere-adjusted radiative forcing due to the two hypersonic fleets flying at 26 and 35 km, respectively. On average, ozone, Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects

Published
2022
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38. Evaluation of modelled climatologies of O3, CO, water vapour and NOy in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere using regular in situ observations by passenger aircraft.

Author

Yann Cohen, Hauglustaine, Didier, Sauvage, Bastien, Rohs, Susanne, Konjari, Patrick, Bundke, Ulrich, Petzold, Andreas, Thouret, Valérie, Zahn, Andreas, and Ziereis, Helmut

Abstract

Evaluating the global chemistry models in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) is an important step toward a further understanding of its chemical composition. The latter is regularly sampled through in situ measurements based on passenger aircraft, in the framework of the In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) research infrastructure. This study focuses on the comparison of the IAGOS measurements in ozone, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen reactive species (NOy) and water vapour, with a 25-year simulation output from the LMDZ-OR-INCA chemistry-climate model. For this purpose, we present and apply an extension of the Interpol-IAGOS software that projects the IAGOS data onto any model grid, in order to derive a gridded IAGOS product and a masked model product that are directly comparable to one another. Climatologies are calculated in the upper troposphere (UT) and in the lower stratosphere (LS) separately, but also in the UTLS as a whole, as a demonstration for the models that do not sort out the physical variables necessary to distinguish between the UT and the LS. In the northern extratropics, the comparison in the UTLS layer suggests that the geographical distribution in the tropopause height is well reproduced by the model. In the separated layers, the model simulates well the water vapour climatologies in the UT, and the ozone climatologies in the LS. The opposite biases in CO in both UT and LS suggest that the cross-tropopause transport is overestimated. The NOy observations highlight the difficulty of the model in parameterizing the lightning emissions. In the tropics, the upper-tropospheric climatologies are remarkably well simulated for water vapour, as the observed CO peaks due to biomass burning in the most convective systems, and the ozone latitudinal variations. Ozone is more sensitive to lightning emissions than to biomass burning emissions, whereas the CO sensitivity to biomass burning emissions strongly depends on the location and on the season. Through this evaluation, the present study demonstrates that the Interpol-IAGOS software is a tool facilitating the assessment of the global model simulations in the UTLS, potentially useful for any modelling experiment involving chemistry-climate and chemistry-transport models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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39. Decreasing trends of ammonia emissions over Europe seen from remote sensing and inverse modelling.

Author

Tichý, Ondřej, Eckhardt, Sabine, Balkanski, Yves, Hauglustaine, Didier, and Evangeliou, Nikolaos

Subjects
REMOTE sensing, SOIL acidification, SWINE farms, AMMONIA, PARTICULATE matter, AGRICULTURE
Abstract

Ammonia (NH3), a significant precursor of particulate matter, is the most important alkaline gas in the atmosphere and directly affects biodiversity, ecosystems, soil acidification. It also indirectly affects climate and human health. In addition, its concentrations are constantly rising because of the increasing feeding needs of the global population accompanied by a larger use of fertilizers and animal farming. The combination of its increasing atmospheric levels with its environmental and human impact has led many countries to adopt abatement strategies in order to conform with respective regulations. While the significance of ammonia is pronounced, its emissions are often associated with large uncertainties, while its atmospheric abundance is difficult to measure. However, during the last decade, several satellite products have been developed that measure ammonia very effectively, with low uncertainty, and most importantly, with a global coverage. Here, we use satellite observations of column ammonia in combination with an inversion algorithm to derive ammonia emissions with a high resolution over Europe for the period 2013–2020. Ammonia emissions peak in Northern Europe due to agricultural application and livestock management and the local maxima are found over Western Europe (industrial activity) and over Spain (pig farming). Our calculations show that these emissions have decreased by −26 % since 2013 (from 5431 Gg in 2013 to 3994 Gg in 2020) showing that the abatement strategies adopted by the European Union have been very efficient. The slight increase (+4.4 %) reported in 2015 is also reproduced here and is attributed to some European countries exceeding annual emission targets. Ammonia emissions are low in winter (286 Gg) and peak in summer (563 Gg) and are dominated by the temperature dependent volatilization of ammonia from the soil. The largest emission decreases were observed in Central and Eastern Europe (−38 %) and in Western Europe (−37 %), while smaller decreases were recorded in Northern (−17 %) and Southern Europe (−7.6 %). Our results are associated with relatively low uncertainties reaching a maximum of 42 %; when complemented against independent ground-based observations, modelled concentrations using the posterior emissions showed improved statistics, also following the observed seasonal trends. The posterior emissions presented here also agree well with respective estimates reported in the literature and inferred from different methodologies. These results indicate that the posterior emissions of ammonia calculated with satellite measurements and combined with our adapted inverse modelling framework constitute a robust basis for European NH3 estimates and show the de facto evolution of ammonia emissions since 2013. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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40. Investigation of Global Particulate Nitrate from the AeroCom Phase III Experiment

Author

Bian, Huisheng, Chin, Mian, Hauglustaine, Didier A, Schulz, Michael, Myhre, Gunnar, Bauer, Susanne E, Lund, Marianne T, Karydis, Vlassis A, Kucsera, Tom L, Pan, Xiaohua, Pozzer, Andrea, Skeie, Ragnhild B, Steenrod, Stephen D, Sudo, Kengo, Tsigaridis, Kostas, Tsimpidi, Alexandra P, and Tsyro, Svetlana G

Subjects
Geophysics
Abstract

An assessment of global particulate nitrate and ammonium aerosol based on simulations from nine models participating in the Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models (AeroCom) phase III study is presented. A budget analysis was conducted to understand the typical magnitude, distribution, and diversity of the aerosols and their precursors among the models. To gain confidence regarding model performance, the model results were evaluated with various observations globally, including ground station measurements over North America, Europe, and east Asia for tracer concentrations and dry and wet depositions, as well as with aircraft measurements in the Northern Hemisphere mid-to-high latitudes for tracer vertical distributions. Given the unique chemical and physical features of the nitrate occurrence, we further investigated the similarity and differentiation among the models by examining (1) the pH-dependent NH3 wet deposition; (2) the nitrate formation via heterogeneous chemistry on the surface of dust and sea salt particles or thermodynamic equilibrium calculation including dust and sea salt ions; and (3) the nitrate coarse-mode fraction (i.e., coarse/total). It is found that HNO3, which is simulated explicitly based on full O3-HOx-NOx-aerosol chemistry by all models, differs by up to a factor of 9 among the models in its global tropospheric burden. This partially contributes to a large difference in NO3(-), whose atmospheric burden differs by up to a factor of 13. The atmospheric burdens of NH3 and NHC 4 differ by 17 and 4, respectively. Analyses at the process level show that the large diversity in atmospheric burdens of NO3(-), NH3, and NHC4(+) is also related to deposition processes. Wet deposition seems to be the dominant process in determining the diversity in NH3 and NHC 4 lifetimes. It is critical to correctly account for contributions of heterogeneous chemical production of nitrate on dust and sea salt, because this process overwhelmingly controls atmospheric nitrate production (typically greater than 80 %) and determines the coarse- and fine-mode distribution of nitrate aerosol.

Published
2017
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43. Global modelling of soil carbonyl sulfide exchanges

Author

Abadie, Camille, primary, Maignan, Fabienne, additional, Remaud, Marine, additional, Ogée, Jérôme, additional, Campbell, J. Elliott, additional, Whelan, Mary E., additional, Kitz, Florian, additional, Spielmann, Felix M., additional, Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional, Wehr, Richard, additional, Sun, Wu, additional, Raoult, Nina, additional, Seibt, Ulli, additional, Hauglustaine, Didier, additional, Lennartz, Sinikka T., additional, Belviso, Sauveur, additional, Montagne, David, additional, and Peylin, Philippe, additional

Published
2022
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49. Presentation and Evaluation of the IPSL-CM6A-LR Climate Model

Author

Boucher, Olivier, Servonnat, Jérôme, Albright, Anna Lea, Aumont, Olivier, Balkanski, Yves, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Bekki, Slimane, Bonnet, Rémy, Bony, Sandrine, Bopp, Laurent, Braconnot, Pascale, Brockmann, Patrick, Cadule, Patricia, Caubel, Arnaud, Cheruy, Frédérique, Codron, Francis, Cozic, Anne, Cugnet, David, d'Andrea, Fabio, Davini, Paolo, de Lavergne, Casimir, Denvil, Sébastien, Deshayes, Julie, Devilliers, Marion, Ducharne, Agnès, Dufresne, Jean-Louis, Dupont, Eliott, Éthé, Christian, Fairhead, Laurent, Falletti, Lola, Flavoni, Simona, Foujols, Marie-Alice, Gardoll, Sébastien, Gastineau, Guillaume, Ghattas, Josefine, Grandpeix, Jean-Yves, Guenet, Bertrand, Guez, Lionel, Guilyardi, Éric, Guimberteau, Matthieu, Hauglustaine, Didier, Hourdin, Frédéric, Idelkadi, Abderrahmane, Joussaume, Sylvie, Kageyama, Masa, Khodri, Myriam, Krinner, Gerhard, Lebas, Nicolas, Levavasseur, Guillaume, Lévy, Claire, Li, Laurent, Lott, François, Lurton, Thibaut, Luyssaert, Sebastiaan, Madec, Gurvan, Madeleine, Jean-Baptiste, Maignan, Fabienne, Marchand, Marion, Marti, Olivier, Mellul, Lidia, Meurdesoif, Yann, Mignot, Juliette, Musat, Ionela, Ottle, Catherine, Peylin, Philippe, Planton, Yann, Polcher, Jan, Rio, Catherine, Rochetin, Nicolas, rousset, clement, Rousset, Clément, Sepulchre, Pierre, Sima, Adriana, Swingedouw, Didier, Thiéblemont, Rémi, Traore, Abdoul Khadre, Vancoppenolle, Martin, Vial, Jessica, Vialard, Jérôme, Viovy, Nicolas, Vuichard, Nicolas, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO R&D ), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Modélisation du climat (CLIM), Calcul Scientifique (CALCULS), Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e Del Clima [Torino] (isac), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), ANR-17-EURE-0006,IPSL-CGS,IPSL Climate graduate school(2017), ANR-15-JCLI-0004,GOTHAM,Globally Observed Teleconnections and their role and representation in Hierarchies of Atmospheric Models(2015), ANR-18-CE01-0012,ARiSE,Rôle de la non-linéarité de la réponse atmosphérique à la température de l'océan dans la physique d'ENSO (El Niño Oscillation Australe)(2018), ANR-13-MONU-0008,CONVERGENCE,Convergence en Science du Climat à l'ère du Big Data et des challenges de l'Exascale.(2013), ANR-18-MPGA-0001,ARCHANGE,Changement climatique et Arctique et circulation océanique globale(2018), European Project: 641816,H2020,H2020-SC5-2014-two-stage,CRESCENDO(2015), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Sorbonne Université (SU), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MOSAIC (MOSAIC), Institut FRESNEL (FRESNEL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo France, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Systems Ecology

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, climate model, IPSL‐CM6A‐LR, 01 natural sciences, Carbon cycle, lcsh:Oceanography, climate metrics, Range (statistics), SDG 13 - Climate Action, Environmental Chemistry, lcsh:GC1-1581, Precipitation, lcsh:Physical geography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, CMIP6, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Coupled model intercomparison project, Intertropical Convergence Zone, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Climatology, Middle latitudes, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Climate sensitivity, climate sensitivity, Climate model, lcsh:GB3-5030, IPSL-CM6A-LR
Abstract

International audience This study presents the global climate model IPSL-CM6A-LR developed at Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL) to study natural climate variability and climate response to natural and anthropogenic forcings as part of the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). This article describes the different model components, their coupling, and the simulated climate in comparison to previous model versions. We focus here on the representation of the physical climate along with the main characteristics of the global carbon cycle. The model's climatology, as assessed from a range of metrics (related in particular to radiation, temperature, precipitation, and wind), is strongly improved in comparison to previous model versions. Although they are reduced, a number of known biases and shortcomings (e.g., double Intertropical Convergence Zone [ITCZ], frequency of midlatitude wintertime blockings, and El Niño–Southern Oscillation [ENSO] dynamics) persist. The equilibrium climate sensitivity and transient climate response have both increased from the previous climate model IPSL-CM5A-LR used in CMIP5. A large ensemble of more than 30 members for the historical period (1850–2018) and a smaller ensemble for a range of emissions scenarios (until 2100 and 2300) are also presented and discussed.

Published
2020

50. Main Achievements of the H2020 STRATOFLY Project

Author

Viola, Nicole, Fusaro, Roberta, Ferretto, Davide, Gori, Oscar, Saracoglu, Bayindir, Ispir, Ali Can, Schram, Christophe, Grewe, Volker, Plezer, Johannes, Martinez, Jan, Marini, Marco, Cutrone, Luigi, Saccone, Guido, Hernandez, Santiago, Lammers, Karel, Vincent, Axel, Hauglustaine, Didier, Liebhardt, Bernd, Linke, Florian, Bodmer, Daniel, Nilsson, Thommie, Fureby, Christer, and Ibron, Christian

Subjects
High-speed transportation, Technological Challenges, Environmental Sustainability
Published
2022

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