Author: "Hatzinikolas S" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. ESICM LIVES 2016: part two: Milan, Italy. 1–5 October 2016

Author: Sivakumar, S., Taccone, F. S., Desai, K. A., Lazaridis, C., Skarzynski, M., Sekhon, M., Henderson, W., Griesdale, D., Chapple, L., Deane, A., Williams, L., Strickland, R., Lange, K., Heyland, D., Chapman, M., Rowland, M. J., Garry, P., Westbrook, J., Corkill, R., Antoniades, C. A., Pattinson, K. T., Fatania, G., Strong, A. J., Myers, R. B., Lazaridis, C., Jermaine, C. M., Robertson, C. S., Rusin, C. G., Hofmeijer, J., Sondag, L., Tjepkema-Cloostermans, M. C., Beishuizen, A., Bosch, F. H., van Putten, M. J. A. M., Carteron, L., Patet, C., Solari, D., Oddo, M., Ali, M. A., Dias, C., Almeida, R., Vaz-Ferreira, A., Silva, J., Monteiro, E., Cerejo, A., Rocha, A. P., Elsayed, A. A., Abougabal, A. M., Beshey, B. N., Alzahaby, K. M., Pozzebon, S., Ortiz, A. Blandino, Cristallini, S., Lheureux, O., Brasseur, A., Vincent, J. L., Creteur, J., Taccone, F. S., Hravnak, M., Yousef, K., Chang, Y., Crago, E., Friedlander, R. M., Abdelmonem, S. A., Tahon, S. A., Helmy, T. A., Meligy, H. S., Puig, F., Dunn-Siegrist, I., Pugin, J., Gupta, S., Govil, D., Srinivasan, S., Patel, S. J., N, J. K., Gupta, A., Tomar, D. S., Shafi, M., Harne, R., Arora, D. P., Talwar, N., Mazumdar, S., Papakrivou, E. E., Makris, D., Manoulakas, E., Tsolaki, B., Karadodas, B., Zakynthinos, E., Garcia, I. Palacios, Martin, A. Diaz, Encinares, V. Sanchez, Ibañez, M. Pachón, Montero, J. Garnacho, Labrador, G., Cangueiro, T. Cebrero, Poulose, V., Koh, J., Kam, J. W., Yeter, H., Kara, A., Aktepe, O., Topeli, A., Tsolakoglou, I., Intas, G., Stergiannis, P., Kolaros, A. A., Chalari, E., Athanasiadou, E., Martika, A., Fildisis, G., Faivre, V., Mengelle, C., Favier, B., Payen, D., Poppe, A., Winkler, M. S., Mudersbach, E., Schreiber, J., Wruck, M. L., Schwedhelm, E., Kluge, S., Zöllner, C., Tavladaki, T., Spanaki, A. M., Dimitriou, H., Kondili, E., Choulaki, C., Meleti, E., Kafetzopoulos, D., Georgopoulos, D., Briassoulis, G., la Torre, A. García-de, de la Torre-Prados, M. V., Tsvetanova-Spasova, T., Nuevo-Ortega, P., Rueda-Molina, C., Fernández-Porcel, A., Camara-Sola, E., Salido-Díaz, L., García-Alcántara, A., Tavladaki, T., Spanaki, A. M., Dimitriou, H., Kondili, E., Choulaki, C., Meleti, D. E., Kafetzopoulos, D., Georgopoulos, D., Briassoulis, G., Suberviola, B., Riera, J., Rellan, L., Sanchez, M., Robles, J. C., Lopez, E., Vicente, R., Miñambres, E., Santibañez, M., Le Guen, M., Moore, J., Mason, N., Windpassinger, M., Plattner, O., Mascha, E., Sessler, D. I., Research, Outcomes, Melia, U., Fontanet, J., van den Berg, J. P., Struys, M. M. R. F., Vereecke, H. E. M., Jensen, E. W., Rood, P. J. T., van de Schoor, F., van Tertholen, K., Pickkers, P., van den Boogaard, M., Beardow, Z. J., Redhead, H., Paramasivam, K., Numan, T., van den Boogaard, M., Kamper, A. M., Rood, P., Peelen, L. M., Zeman, P. M., Slooter, A. J., van Ewijk, C. E., Jacobs, G. E., Girbes, A. R. J., Myatra, S. N., Harish, M. M., Prabu, N. R., Siddiqui, S., Kulkarni, A. P., Divatia, J. V., Murbach, L. D., Leite, M. A., Osaku, E. F., Costa, C. R. L. M., Pelenz, M., Neitzke, N. M., Moraes, M. M., Jaskowiak, J. L., Silva, M. M. M., Zaponi, R. S., Abentroth, L. R. L., Ogasawara, S. M., Jorge, A. C., Duarte, P. A. D., Hernández-Sánchez, N., Sánchez-Hurtado, L. A., García-Guillen, F. J., Ñamendys-Silva, S. A., Maghsoudi, B., Emami, M., Khosravi, M. B., Zand, F., Tabatabaie, H. R., Masjedi, M., Sabetiyan, G., Mokri, A., Troubleyn, J., Diltoer, M., Jacobs, R., Nguyen, D. N., De Waele, E., De Regt, J., Honoré, P. M., Van Gorp, V., Spapen, H. D., Contreras, R. S., Toapanta, N. D., Moreno, G., Sabater, J., Torrado, H., Gonzalez, M., Marin, M., Farigola, E., Gonzalez, A., Fernandez, J., Vera, A., Gisbert, X., Juliá, C., Uya, J., Corral, L., Elias-Jones, I., Gemmell, L., MacKay, A., Randall, D., Adwaney, A., Blunden, M., Prowle, J. R., Kirwan, C. J., Thomas, N., Martin, A., Owen, H., Darwin, L., Conway, D., Atkinson, D., Sharman, M., Moore, J., Barbanti, C., Amour, J., Gaudard, P., Rozec, B., Mauriat, P., M’rini, M., Leger, P. L., Cambonie, G., Liet, J. M., Girard, C., Laroche, S., Damas, P., Assaf, Z., Loron, G., Lecourt, L., Pouard, P., Randall, D., Adwaney, A., Blunden, M., Prowle, J.R., Kirwan, C. J., Kim, S. H., Na, S., Kim, J., Oh, S. Y., Jung, C. W., Yoo, S. H., Min, S. H., Chung, E. J., Lee, H., Lee, N. J., Lee, K. W., Suh, K. S., Ryu, H. G., Marshall, D. C., Goodson, R. J., Salciccioli, J. D., Shalhoub, J., Potter, E. K., Kirk-Bayley, J., Karanjia, N. D., Forni, L. G., Creagh-Brown, B. C., Bossy, M., Nyman, M., Tailor, A., Creagh-Brown, B., D’Antini, D., Spadaro, S., Valentino, F., Sollitto, F., Cinnella, G., Mirabella, L., Calvo, F. J. Redondo, Bejarano, N., Padilla, D., Baladron, V., Villajero, P., Villazala, R., Redondo, J., Yuste, A. S., Liu, J., Shen, F., Teboul, J. L., Anguel, N., Beurton, A., Bezaz, N., Richard, C., Monnet, X., Fossali, T., Colombo, R., Ottolina, D., Rossetti, M., Mazzucco, C., Marchi, A., Porta, A., Catena, E., Tollisen, K. H., Andersen, G. Ø., Heyerdahl, F., Jacobsen, D., de Waard, M. C., Girbes, A. R. J., van IJzendoorn, M. C. O., Buter, H., Kingma, W. P., Navis, G. J., Boerma, E. C., Rulisek, J., Balik, M., Zacharov, S., Kim, H. S., Jeon, S. J., Namgung, H., Lee, E., Lee, E., Cho, Y. J., Lee, Y. J., Huang, A., Cioccari, L., Luethi, N., Mårtensson, J., Bellomo, R., Forsberg, M., Edman, G., Höjer, J., Forsberg, S., Freile, M. T. Chiquito, Hidalgo, F. N., Molina, J. A. Martinez, Lecumberri, R., Rosselló, A. Figuerola, Travieso, P. Medrano, Leon, G. Tuero, Sanchez, J. Gonzalez, Frias, L. Sahuquillo, Rosello, D. Balsells, Verdejo, J. A. Garcia, Serrano, J. A. Noria, Winterwerp, D., van Galen, T., Vazin, A., Karimzade, I., Zand, A., Ozen, E., Ekemen, S., Akcan, A., Sen, E., Yelken, B. Buyukkidan, Kureshi, N., Fenerty, L., Thibault-Halman, G., Erdogan, M., Walling, S., Green, R. S., Clarke, D. B., Briassoulis, P., Kalimeris, K., Ntzouvani, A., Nomikos, T., Papaparaskeva, K., Politi, E., Kostopanagiotou, G., Crewdson, K., Rehn, M., Weaver, A., Brohi, K., Lockey, D., Wright, S., Thomas, K., Baker, C., Mansfield, L., Stafford, V., Wade, C., Watson, G., Bryant, A., Chadwick, T., Shen, J., Wilkinson, J., Furneval, J., Henderson, A., Hugill, K., Howard, P., Roy, A., Bonner, S., Baudouin, S., Ramírez, C. Sánchez, Escalada, S. Hípola, Viera, M. A. Hernández, Santana, M. Cabrera, Balcázar, L. Caipe, Monroy, N. Sangil, Campelo, F. Artiles, Vázquez, C. F. Lübbe, Santana, P. Saavedra, Santana, S. Ruiz, Carteron, L., Patet, C., Quintard, H., Solari, D., Bouzat, P., Oddo, M., Wollersheim, T., Malleike, J., Haas, K., Carbon, N., Schneider, J., Birchmeier, C., Fielitz, J., Spuler, S., Weber-Carstens, S., Enseñat, L., Pérez-Madrigal, A., Saludes, P., Proença, L., Gruartmoner, G., Espinal, C., Mesquida, J., Huber, W., Eckmann, M., Elkmann, F., Gruber, A., Lahmer, T., Mayr, U., Herner, A., Schellnegger, R., Schneider, J., Schmid, R. M., Ayoub, W., Samy, W., Esmat, A., Battah, A., Mukhtar, S., Mongkolpun, W., Cortés, D. Orbegozo, Cordeiro, C. P. R., Vincent, J. L., Creteur, J., Funcke, S., Groesdonk, H., Saugel, B., Wagenpfeil, G., Wagenpfeil, S., Reuter, D. A., Fernandez, M. M., Fernandez, R., Magret, M., González-Castro, A., Bouza, M. T., Ibañez, M., García, C., Balerdi, B., Mas, A., Arauzo, V., Añón, J. M., Ruiz, F., Ferreres, J., Tomás, R., Alabert, M., Tizón, A. I., Altaba, S., Llamas, N., Goligher, E C., Fan, E., Herridge, M., Vorona, S., Sklar, M., Dres, M., Rittayamai, N., Lanys, A., Urrea, C., Tomlinson, G., Reid, W. D., Rubenfeld, G. D., Kavanagh, B. P., Brochard, L. J., Ferguson, N. D., Neto, A. Serpa, de Abreu, M. Gama, Pelosi, P., Schultz, M. J., Guérin, C., Papazian, L., Reignier, J., Ayzac, L., Loundou, A., Forel, J. M., Rolland-Debord, C., Bureau, C., Poitou, T., Clavel, M., Perbet, S., Terzi, N., Kouatchet, A., Similowski, T., Demoule, A., Hunfeld, N., Trogrlic, Z., Ladage, S., Osse, R. J., Koch, B., Rietdijk, W., Devlin, J., van der Jagt, M., Picetti, E., Ceccarelli, P., Mensi, F., Malchiodi, L., Risolo, S., Rossi, I., Antonini, M. V., Servadei, F., Caspani, M. L., Roquilly, A., Lasocki, S., Seguin, P., Geeraerts, T., Perrigault, P. F., Dahyot-Fizelier, C., Paugam-Burtz, C., Cook, F., Cinotti, R., dit Latte, D. Demeure, Mahe, P. J., Fortuit, C., Feuillet, F., Asehnoune, K., Marzorati, C., Spina, S., Scaravilli, V., Vargiolu, A., Riva, M., Giussani, C., Sganzerla, E., Citerio, G., Barbadillo, S., de Molina, F. J. González, Álvarez-Lerma, F., Rodríguez, A., Zakharkina, T., Martin-Loeches, I., Matamoros, S., Povoa, P., Torres, A., Kastelijn, J., Hofstra, J. J., de Jong, M., Schultz, M., Sterk, P., Artigas, A., Bos, L. J., Moreau, A. S., Martin-Loeches, I., Povoa, P., Salluh, J., Rodriguez, A., Nseir, S., de Jong, E., van Oers, J. A., Beishuizen, A., Girbes, A. R. J., Nijsten, M. W. N., de Lange, D. W., Bonvicini, D., Labate, D., Benacchio, L., Olivieri, A., Pizzirani, E., Lopez-Delgado, J. C., Gonzalez-Romero, M., Fuentes-Mila, V., Berbel-Franco, D., Romera-Peregrina, I., Martinez-Pascual, A., Perez-Sanchez, J., Abellan-Lencina, R., Ávila-Espinoza, R. E., Moreno-Gonzalez, G., Sbraga, F., Griffiths, S., Grocott, M. P. W., Creagh-Brown, B., Doyle, J., Wilkerson, P., Soon, Y., Huddart, S., Dickinson, M., Riga, A., Zuleika, A., Miyamoto, K., Kawazoe, Y., Morimoto, T., Yamamoto, T., Fuke, A., Hashimoto, A., Koami, H., Beppu, S., Katayama, Y., Ito, M., Ohta, Y., Yamamura, H., Rygård, S. L., Holst, L B., Wetterslev, J., Johansson, P. I., Perner, A., Soliman, I. W., de Lange, D. W., van Dijk, D., van Delden, J. J. M., Cremer, O. L., Slooter, A. J. C., Peelen, L. M., McWilliams, D., Snelson, C., Neves, A. Das, Loudet, C. I., Busico, M., Vazquez, D., Villalba, D., Veronesi, M., Lischinsky, A., López, F. J. L., Mori, L. Benito, Plotnikow, G., Díaz, A., Giannasi, S., Hernandez, R., Krzisnik, L., Cecotti, C., Viola, L., Lopez, R., Sottile, J. P., Benavent, G., Estenssoro, E., Chen, C. M., Lai, C. C., Cheng, K. C., Chou, W., Chan, K. S., Roeker, L. E., Horkan, C. M., Gibbons, F. K., Christopher, K. B., Weijs, P. J. M., Mogensen, K. M., Rawn, J. D., Robinson, M. K., Christopher, K. B., Tang, Z., Qiu, C., Ouyang, B., Cai, C., Guan, X., Regueira, T., Cea, L., Carlos, S. Juan, Elisa, B., Puebla, C., Vargas, A., Poulsen, M. K., Thomsen, L. P., Kjærgaard, S., Rees, S. E., Karbing, D. S., Wollersheim, T., Frank, S., Müller, M. C., Carbon, N. M., Skrypnikov, V., Pickerodt, P. A., Falk, R., Mahlau, A., Weber-Carstens, S., Lee, A., Inglis, R., Morgan, R., Barker, G., Kamata, K., Abe, T., Saitoh, D., Tokuda, Y., Green, R. S., Butler, M. B., Erdogan, M., Hwa, H. Tae, Gil, L. Jae, Vaquero, R. Hernández, Rodriguez-Ruiz, E., Lago, A. Lopez, Allut, J. L. Garcia, Gestal, A. Estany, Gonzalez, M. A. Garcia, Thomas-Rüddel, D. O., Schwarzkopf, D., Fleischmann, C., Reinhart, K., Suwanpasu, S., Sattayasomboon, Y., Filho, N. M. Filgueiras, Oliveira, J. C. A., Ballalai, C. S., De Lucia, C. V., Araponga, G. P., Veiga, L. N., Silva, C. S., Garrido, M. E., Ramos, B. B., Ricaldi, E. F., Gomes, S. S., Gemmell, L., MacKay, A., Wright, C., Docking, R. I., Doherty, P., Black, E., Stenhouse, P., Plummer, M. P., Finnis, M. E., Phillips, L. K., Kar, P., Bihari, S., Biradar, V., Moodie, S., Horowitz, M., Shaw, J. E., Deane, A. M., Yatabe, T., Inoue, S., Sakaguchi, M., Egi, M., Abdelhamid, Y. Ali, Plummer, M. P., Finnis, M. E., Phillips, L. K., Kar, P., Bihari, S., Biradar, V., Moodie, S., Horowitz, M., Shaw, J. E., Deane, A. M., Hokka, M., Egi, M., Mizobuchi, S., Kar, P., Plummer, M., Abdelhamid, Y. Ali, Giersch, E., Summers, M., Hatzinikolas, S., Heller, S., Chapman, M., Jones, K., Horowitz, M., Deane, A., Schweizer, R., Jacquet-Lagreze, M., Portran, P., Junot, S., Allaouchiche, B., Fellahi, J. L., Guerci, P., Ergin, B., Kapucu, A., Ince, C., Cioccari, L., Luethi, N., Crisman, M., Bellomo, R., Mårtensson, J., Shinotsuka, C. Righy, Fagnoul, D., Brasseur, A., Orbegozo, D., Vincent, J. L., Preiser, J. C., Preiser, J. C., Lheureux, O., Thooft, A., Brimioulle, S., Vincent, J. L., Iwasaka, H., Tahara, S., Nagamine, M., Ichigatani, A., Cabrera, A. Rugerio, Zepeda, E. Monares, Granillo, J. Franco, Sánchez, J. S. Aguirre, Montoya, A. A. Tanaka, Montenegro, A. Pedraza, Blanco, G. A. Gálvez, Robles, C. M. Coronado, Drolz, A., Horvatits, T., Roedl, K., Rutter, K., Kluge, S., Funk, G. C., Schneeweiss, B., Fuhrmann, V., Sabetian, G., Pooresmaeel, F., Zand, F., Ghaffaripour, S., Farbod, A., Tabei, H., Taheri, L., Anandanadesan, R., Metaxa, V., Teixeira, C., Pereira, S. M., Hernández-Marrero, P., Carvalho, A. S., Beckmann, M., Hartog, C. S., Schwarzkopf, D., Raadts, A., Robertsen, A., Førde, R., Skaga, N. O., Helseth, E., Honeybul, S., Ho, K., Lopez, P. Martinez, Gonzalez, M. Nieto, Ortega, P. Nuevo, Sola, E. Camara, Spasova, T., de la Torre-Prados, M. V., Kopecky, O., Rusinova, K., Waldauf, P., Cepeplikova, Z., Balik, M., Domínguez, J. Palamidessi, Almudevar, P. Matia, Carmona, S. Alcántara, Muñoz, J. J. Rubio, Castañeda, D. Palacios, Abellán, A. Naharro, Villamizar, P. Rodríguez, Ramos, J. Veganzones, Pérez, L. Pérez, Lucendo, A. Pérez, Ejarque, M. Camós, Estella, A., Camps, V. Lopez, Martín, M. C., Masnou, N., Barbosa, S., Varela, A., Palma, I., Cristina, L., Nunes, E., Pereira, I., Campello, G., Granja, C., Pande, R., Pandey, M., Varghese, S., Chanu, M., Van Dam, M. J., Ter Braak, E. W. M. T., Estella, A., Gracia, M., Viciana, R., Recuerda, M., Fontaiña, L. Perez, Tharmalingam, B., Kovari, F., Rose, L., Mcginlay, M., Amin, R., Burns, K., Connolly, B., Hart, N., Jouvet, P., Katz, S., Leasa, D., Mawdsley, C., Mcauley, D., Schultz, M., Blackwood, B., Denham, S., Worrall, R., Arshad, M., Isherwood, P., Khadjibaev, A., Sabirov, D., Rosstalnaya, A., Parpibaev, F., Sharipova, V., Blanco, G. A. Galvez, Guzman, C. I. Olvera, Sánchez, J. S. Aguirre, Granillo, J. Franco, Gupta, S., Govil, D., Srinivasan, S., Patel, S. J., N, J. K., Gupta, A., Shafi, M., Tomar, D. S., Harne, R., Arora, D. P., Talwar, N., Mazumdar, S., Cha, Y. S., Lee, S. J., Tyagi, N., Rajput, R. K., Taneja, S., Singh, V. K., Sharma, S. C., Mittal, S., Rao, B. K., Ayachi, J., Fraj, N., Romdhani, S., Khedher, A., Meddeb, K., Sma, N., Azouzi, A., Bouneb, R., Chouchene, I., El Ghardallou, M., Boussarsar, M., Jennings, R., Walter, E., Ribeiro, J. M., Moniz, I., Marçal, R., Santos, A. C., Candeias, C., e Silva, Z. Costa, Gomez, S. E. Zamora, Nieto, O. R. Perez, Gonzalez, J. A. Castanon, Cuellar, A. I. Vasquez, Mildh, H., Pettilä, V., Korhonen, A. M., Karlsson, S., Ala-Kokko, T., Reinikainen, M., Vaara, S. T., Zaleska-Kociecka, M., Grabowski, M., Dąbrowski, M., Wozniak, S., Piotrowska, K., Banaszewski, M., Imiela, J., Stepinska, J., Pérez, A. González, Ordoñez, P. Florez, Giribet, A., Cuervo, M. A. Alonso, Cuervo, R. Alonso, Esteban, M. A. Rodriguez, Fraile, L. Iglesias, Mittelbrum, C. Ponte, Albaiceta, G. Muñiz, Koeze, J., Keus, F., Dieperink, W., van der Horst, I. C. C., van Meurs, M., Zijlstra, J. G., Roberts, S., Caballero, C. Hernandez, Isgro, G., Hall, D., Beitland, S., Trøseid, A.-M. S., Brusletto, B. S., Waldum-Grevbo, B. E., Berg, J. P., Sunde, K., Huertas, D. García, Manzano, F., Quintana, M. M. Jiménez-, Osuna, A., Santiago-Ruiz, F., Rodríguez-Mejías, C., Wangensteen, R., Jamaati, H. R., Masjedi, M., Zand, F., Hashemian, S. M. R., Sabetian, G., Abbasi, G., Khaloo, V., Tabei, S. H.a., Kafilzadeh, A., Bakhodaei, H. Haddad, Diaz, J. A., Silva, R., Garcia, D. J., Luis, E., Gomez, M. N., Soriano, R., Gonzalez, P. L., Ibrahim, I. A., Rafik, M. M., Al-Ansary, A. M., Algendi, M. A., Ali, A. A., Fuhrmann, V., Roedl, K., Horvatits, T., Drolz, A., Rutter, K., Benten, D., Kluwe, J., Siedler, S., Kluge, S., Adedugbe, I., Bird, G. T., Kennedy, R. M., Sharma, S., Butler, M. B., Yugi, G., Haroon, B. A., Witter, T., Khaliq, W., Singer, M., Havaldar, A. A., Krishna, B., Sriram, S., Espinoza, E. D. Valenzuela, Pozo, M. O., Edul, V. S. Kanoore, Furche, M., Motta, M. F., Vazquez, A. Risso, Birri, P. N. Rubatto, Ince, C., Dubin, A., Dogliotti, A., Ramos, A., Lovesio, C., Delile, E., Nevière, R., Thiébaut, P.-A., Maupoint, J., Mulder, P., Coquerel, D., Renet, S., do Rego, J. C., Rieusset, J., Richard, V., Tamion, F., Khaliq, W., Andreis, D. T., Singer, M., Smit, B., Smulders, Y. M., de Waard, M. C., van Straaten, H. M. Oudemans, Girbes, A. R. J., Eringa, E. C., Man, A. M. E. Spoelstra-de, Alegría, L., Soto, D., Luengo, C., Gomez, J., Jarufe, N., Bruhn, A., Castro, R., Kattan, E., Tapia, P., Rebolledo, R., Achurra, P., Ospina-Tascón, G., Bakker, J., Hernández, G., Bertini, P., Guarracino, F., Baldassarri, R., Pinsky, M. R., Alegría, L., Vera, M., Dreyse, J., Carpio, D., Henriquez, C., Gajardo, D., Bravo, S., Castro, R., Ospina-Tascón, G., Bakker, J., Hernández, G., Kim, S., Lee, M., Park, S. Y., So, S., Lee, H., Kačar, M. B., Kačar, S. M., Uddin, I., Belhaj, A. M., Aydın, M. A., Avsec, D., Kapuağası, A., Kaymak, Ç., Kovach, L., Şencan, İ., Meço, B., Özçelik, M., Ünal, N., Lazaridis, C., Jenni-Moser, B., Jeitziner, M.-M., Galassi, M. S., Sales, F. L., de Moraes, K. C. L., Batista, C. L., Júnior, J. A. de Souza, Marcari, T. B., Lobato, R., Castro, C. S. A. A., de Souza, L. M., Rodrigues, F. F. P., Correa, N. G., Pelegrini, A. M., Eid, R. A. C., Timenetsky, K. T., Cazati, D., Lobato, M., Diniz, P. S., Rocha, L. L., Cavalheiro, A. M., Lucinio, N. M., Santos, E. R., Norrenberg, M., Gleize, A., Preiser, J. C., Simón, I. Fernández, Carmona, S. Alcántara, Valhonrat, I. Lipperheide, Domínguez, J. Palamidessi, Abellán, A. Naharro, Almudévar, P. Matía, Dávila, F., Rubio, J. J., Ramos, A. J., Reina, Á. J. Roldán, López, N. Palomo, Pérez, M. Adriaensens, Apolo, D. X. Cuenca, Villén, L. Martín, López, F. M. Porras, García, I. Palacios, Izurieta, J. R. Naranjo, Guerrero, J. J. Egea, Calvert, S., Quint, M., Adeniji, K., Young, R., Shevill, D. 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Iglesias, Mittelbrum, C. Ponte, Albaiceta, G. Muñiz, Ampatzidou, F., Sileli, M., Kehagioglou, G., Madesis, A., Karaiskos, T., Moursia, C., Maleoglou, H., Leleki, K., Drossos, G., Uz, Z., Ince, Y., Papatella, R., Bulent, E., Guerci, P., Ince, C., De Mol, B., Vicka, V., Gineityte, D., Ringaitiene, D., Norkiene, I., Sipylaite, J., Möller, C., Fleischmann, C., Thomas-Rueddel, D. O., Vlasakov, V., Rochwerg, B., Theurer, P., Gattinoni, L., Reinhart, K., Hartog, C. S., Pérez, A. González, Al Sibai, J. Zanabili, Camblor, P. Martinez, Fernandez, P. Alvarez, Gala, J. M. García, Guisasola, J. Silba, Albaiceta, G. Muñiz, Tamura, T., Yatabe, T., Miyajima, I., Yamashita, K., Yokoyama, M., Ampatzidou, F., Kehagioglou, G., Dalampini, E., Nastou, M., Baddour, A., Ignatiadis, A., Asteri, T., Drossos, G., Hathorn, K. E., Purtle, S. W., Horkan, C. M., Gibbons, F. K., Christopher, K. B., Viana, M. V., Tonietto, T. A., Gross, L. A., Costa, V. L., Tavares, A. L. J., Lisboa, B. O., Moraes, R. B., Vieira, S. R., Viana, L. V., Azevedo, M. J., Ceniccola, G. D., Pequeno, R. S. F., Holanda, T. P., Mendonça, V. S., Araújo, W. M. C., Carvalho, L. S. F., Segaran, E., Vickers, L., Brinchmann, K., Wignall, I., Rubulotta, F., De Brito-Ashurst, I., del Olmo, R., Esteban, M. J., Vaquerizo, C., Carreño, R., Gálvez, V., Kaminsky, G., Nieto, B., Fuentes, M., De la Torre, M. A., Torres, E., Alonso, A., Velayos, C., Saldaña, T., Escribá, A., GRIP, J., Kölegård, R., Sundblad, P., Rooyackers, O., Naser, Ben, Jaziri, F., Jazia, A. Ben, Barghouth, M., Hentati, O., Skouri, W., El Euch, M., Mahfoudhi, M., Turki, S., Abdelghni, K. Ben, Abdallah, Ben, Maha, B. N. M., Cánovas, J., Sotos, F., López, A., Lorente, M., Burruezo, A., Torres, D., Polok, K., Włudarczyk, A., Górka, J., Hałek, A., Musiał, J., Szczeklik, W., Jazia, A. Ben, Jaziri, F., Bargouth, M., Bennasr, M., Turki, S., Abdelghani, K. Ben, Abdallah, T. Ben, de Grooth, H. J., Geenen, I. L., Parienti, J. J., Straaten, H. M. Oudemans-van, Shum, H. P., King, H. S., Chan, K. C., Yan, W. W., Londoño, J. Gonzalez, Cardenas, C. Lorencio, Pedrosa, M. Morales, Gubianas, C. Murcia, Bertolin, C. Fuster, Batllori, N. Vila, Sirvent, J. M., Wykes, K., Jack, J., Morgan, P., Mukhopadhyay, A., Chan, H. Y., Kowitlawakul, Y., Remani, D., Leong, C. S. F., Henry, C. J., Puthucheary, Z. A., Mendsaikhan, N., Begzjav, T., Lundeg, G., Dünser, M., Espinoza, E. D. Valenzuela, Welsh, S. P., Motta, M. F., Guerra, E., Zerpa, M. C. l., Zechner, F., Furche, M., Berdaguer, F., Birri, P. N. Rubatto, Risso-Vazquez, A., Dubin, A., Masevicius, F. D., Greaney, D., Magee, A., Fitzpatrick, G., Lugo-Cob, R. G., Sánchez-Hurtado, L. A., Arvizu-Tachiquín, P. C., Tejeda-Huezo, B. C., Cano-Oviedo, A. A., Baltazar-Torres, J. A., Aydogan, M. S., Togal, T., Taha, A., Chai, H. Z., Kam, C., Razali, S. S. Yang, Sivasamy, V., Kuan, L. Y., Poulose, V., Morales, M. A. Lopez, Castro, S., Pires, T., Melão, L., Krystopchuk, A., Pereira, I., Granja, C., Taniguchi, L. U., Pires, E. M. C., Vieira, Jr, J. M., Azevedo, L. C. P., Nurses of the Central and General ICUs of Shiraz Namazi Hospital, Sedation an Delirium Group Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, SPACeR group (Surrey Peri-operative, Anaesthesia and Critical Care Collaborative Research Group), for the PRoVENT investigators and the PROVE Network, SEMICYUC/GETGAG Working Group, TAVeM study group, POPC-CB investigators, DESIRE (DExmedetomidine for Sepsis in ICU Randomized Evaluation) Trial Investigators, GEMINI, Bioethics work group of SEMICYUC, The FINNAKI Study Group, Queen Square Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care Resreach Group, Renal Transplantation HUVR, GEMINI, EDISVAL Group, EDISVAL Group, PLUG Working group, TAVeM study Group, The FINNAKI Study Group, on behalf of Department of Professional Development, ESICM, Critical Care Research Group, SIRAKI group, and Grupo ESBAGA
Published: 2016
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2. Autonomic function, postprandial hypotension and falls in older adults at one year after critical illness

Author: Ali Abdelhamid, Y, Weinel, LM, Hatzinikolas, S, Summers, M, Nguyen, TAN, Kar, P, Phillips, LK, Horowitz, M, Deane, AM, Jones, KL, Ali Abdelhamid, Y, Weinel, LM, Hatzinikolas, S, Summers, M, Nguyen, TAN, Kar, P, Phillips, LK, Horowitz, M, Deane, AM, and Jones, KL
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Postprandial hypotension occurs frequently in older survivors of critical illness at 3 months after discharge. We aimed to determine whether postprandial hypotension and its predictors - gastric dysmotility and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction - persist or resolve as older survivors of critical illness recover, and whether postprandial hypotension after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge is associated with adverse outcomes at 12 months. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Tertiary medical-surgical ICU. PARTICIPANTS: Older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) who had been studied 3 months after ICU discharge and who returned for a follow-up study at 12 months after discharge. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: On both occasions after fasting overnight, participants consumed a 300 mL drink containing 75 g glucose, radiolabelled with 20 MBq 99mTcphytate. Blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose concentration and gastric emptying rate were measured concurrently before and after ingestion of the drink. Falls, quality of life, hospitalisation and mortality rates were also quantified. RESULTS: Out of 35 older adults studied at 3 months, 22 returned for the follow-up study at 12 months. Postprandial hypotension was evident in 29% of participants (95% CI, 14-44%) at 3 months and 10% of participants (95% CI, 1-30%) at 12 months. Postprandial hypotension at 3 months was associated with a more than threefold increase in the risk of falls in the year after ICU discharge (relative risk, 3.7 [95% CI, 1.6-8.8]; P = 0.003). At 12 months, gastric emptying was normal (mean time taken for 50% of gastric contents to empty, 101.6 [SD, 33.3] min) and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction prevalence was low (9% [95% CI, 1-29%]). CONCLUSIONS: In older adults who were evaluated 3 and 12 months after ICU discharge, postprandial hypotension at 3 months was associated with an increased risk of subsequent falls, but the prevalence of postprandial hypotension decreased with time.
Published: 2020

3. The magnitude of acceleration of gastric emptying by acute hypoglycaemia in health is dependent on the level of hypoglycaemia

Author: Arunachala Murthy, T., Grivell, J., Hatzinikolas, S., Weinel, L., Rayner, C.K., Chapple, L.S., Chapman, M.J., Stevens, J.E., Malbert, Charles-Henri, Horowitz, M., Jones, K.L., Marathe, C.S., Adelaide Royal Hospital (ARH), University of Adelaide, RMIT University, US 1395 ANI-SCAN [INRA], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience; Background and aims: The rate of gastric emptying (GE) of carbohydrate is a major determinant of postprandial glycaemia. ‘Marked’ hypoglycaemia (~2.6mmol/L) accelerates GE substantially in both health and Type 1 diabetes and is likely to represent an important counter-regulatory mechanism by increasing the rate of carbohydrate absorption. There is no information about the effect of ‘mild’ hypoglycaemia (between 3.0-3.9mmol/L) on GE, which is more common in clinical practice. We have evaluated the effects of two levels of insulin-induced, hypoglycaemia i.e. ‘mild’ (blood glucose ~3.6mmol/L) and ‘marked’ (blood glucose ~2.6mmol/L) when compared to ‘euglycaemia’ (6mmol/L) on GE in health. Materials and methods: Nine healthy males (mean age: 33.9 ± 1.0 yrs; BMI 23.4 ± 1.3 kg/m2; HbA1c: 5.3 ± 0.6%) underwent concurrent measurements of GE of a solid meal (100g minced beef radio-labelled with 99mTc) by scintigraphy and arterialised venous blood glucose by glucose-oxidase analyser, on 3 separate occasions during ‘mild’ and ‘marked’ hypoglycaemia, and ‘euglycaemia’, in random order. Hypoglycaemia (~2.6mmol/L or ~3.6mmol/L) was established using a glucose-insulin clamp 15min before (t=-15min), and maintained for a further 60min (t=60 min) after, meal consumption. At t=60min, blood glucose was returned to 6mmol/L and maintained from t=60-120 min. On the ‘euglycaemia’ study day, blood glucose was clamped at ~6mmol/L and maintained at that level for the duration of the study. GE was measured for 120min after meal ingestion and expressed as % retention over time. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (Figure). A maximumlikelihood mixed effects model was used to estimate the difference in area under the curve (AUC) for gastric retention between glycaemic treatments with Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons of the estimated marginal means. A P-value Results: There was an overall effect of glycaemia on gastric retention such that gastric emptying was accelerated during both ‘mild’ and ‘marked’ hypoglycaemia compared to euglycaemia as reflected by the AUC0-120min (PConclusion: The effect of hypoglycaemia to accelerate GE is dependent on the degree of hypoglycaemia in health. While both ‘mild’ and ‘marked’ hypoglycaemia accelerate gastric emptying substantially, the effect of ‘marked’ hypoglycaemia is greater.
Published: 2019

4. Effects of a guar/whey preload on gastric emptying and glycaemic responses to oral glucose in healthy older people

Author: Huynh, L.Q., Pham, H.T., Holen, I.S., Hatzinikolas, S., Phillips, L., Wu, T., Malbert, Charles-Henri, Marathe, C.S., Hausken, T., Rayner, C.K., Horowitz, M., Jones, K.L., University of Adelaide, University of Bergen (UiB), Adelaide Royal Hospital (ARH), US 1395 ANI-SCAN [INRA], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Haukeland University Hospital, and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], digestive, oral, and skin physiology
Abstract: International audience; Background and aims: A whey protein/guar preload (Omniblend Innovation) has been developed recently to reduce postprandial glycaemia. The preload comprises 5g guar, 20g (whey) protein and 3g lactose (total 90kcal) in a sachet, which is added to a ‘shake and take’ cup containing 150ml water. Our previous trial suggested that this supplement slowed gastric emptying (GE), but the latter was assessed using a stable isotope breath test technique which limits the capacity to discriminate between slowing of GE and a delay in intestinal absorption. Our aim was to determine the effects of this guar/whey protein preload on GE (using the ‘gold standard’ technique, scintigraphy), and the glycaemic/ insulinaemic responses to an oral glucose load in healthy older people. Materials and methods: Ten healthy older participants (6F, 4M; age: 74.0 ± 1.6 yr; BMI: 26.0 ± 0.7 kg/m2) with normal glucose tolerance underwent concurrent measurements of GE, plasma glucose and insulin for 180 min on two occasions. Participants were studied after an overnight fast, were seated with their back against a gamma camera and a cannula inserted into an antecubital vein for blood sampling. In random order, each received a test drink comprising 50g glucose made up to 300ml with water containing 20MBq 99mTc-calcium-phytate with or without the guar/whey protein preload (90kcal) made up to 150ml with water, ingested 15 min before the test drink. Blood samples were taken immediately before the preload, before the glucose test drink and at 15-30 min intervals thereafter until t=180 min. The early insulin secretory response was estimated by the ratio of the change in insulin (ΔI0-30) to that of glucose at 30 min (ΔG0-30) represented as ΔI0-30/ΔG0-30. Data are mean values ± SEM. Results: The guar/whey protein preload reduced both the iAUC0-120 (PConclusion: In healthy older people, the glucose-lowering effect of the whey protein/guar preload appears unrelated to changes in GE and may reflect increased insulin secretion and/or slowing of small intestinal absorption.
Published: 2019

5. Acute effects of lixisenatide on intragastric meal distribution: impact on energy intake

Author: Jalleh, R.J., Pham, H.T., Marathe, C.S., Wu, T., Buttfield, M.D., Hatzinikolas, S., Malbert, Charles-Henri, Rigda, R.S., Lange, K., Trahair, L.G., Feinle-Bisset, C., Rayner, C.K., Horowitz, M., Jones, K.L., Adelaide Royal Hospital (ARH), University of Adelaide, US 1395 ANI-SCAN [INRA], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience; Background and aims: Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1RAs) induce weight loss in obese patients and, particularly with ‘short-acting’ GLP-1RAs, slow gastric emptying (GE). In healthy subjects, energy intake after a nutrient ‘preload’ is more strongly related to the content of the distal, than the total, stomach. The effect of GLP-1RAs on intragastric meal distribution has not been reported.We evaluated the acute effects of lixisenatide (LIXI) on intragastric distribution of a glucose drink and subsequent energy intake in health and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Materials and methods: 15 healthy subjects (9M, 6F; age: 67.2 ± 2.3 yr; BMI: 25.4 ± 0.8 kg/m2) and 15 T2DMpatients managed by diet ormetformin (9M, 6F; age: 61.9 ± 2.3 yr; BMI: 30.3 ± 0.7 kg/m2; duration of known diabetes: 5.3 ± 1.2 yr; HbA1c: 6.9 ± 0.2%were studied. All subjects received LIXI (10mcg sc) or placebo (PLAC) on 2 separate days in a randomised, double-blind, crossover fashion 30 min before a 75g glucose drink labelled with 20MBq 99mTc-Calcium Phytate. A lower than usual dose of LIXI was used to maximise tolerability. GE was measured by scintigraphy for 180 min. A region-of-interest was drawn around the total stomach, which was divided into proximal and distal stomach regions. At 180 min each participant was offered a buffet meal and allowed to eat for 30 min to assess subsequent energy intake. Nausea was measured, using a visual analogue questionnaire, prior to receiving study drug, before the drink and at regular intervals during the study. Data are mean ± SEM and PResults: The studies were well tolerated; scores for nausea were uniformly lowwith no difference between PLAC and LIXI in either group. LIXI slowed GE (% total stomach retention at 180 min - health: PLAC 16.0 ± 11.1 vs LIXI 59.5 ± 24.6 ; T2DM: PLAC 14.5 ± 7.5 vs LIXI 54.4 ± 27.5) and increased retention in both the proximal stomach (health: PLAC 6.6 ± 3.5 vs LIXI 40.9 ± 24.6 ; T2DM: PLAC 6.3 ± 4.1 vs LIXI 34.8 ± 24.5) and distal stomach (health: PLAC 9.4 ± 9.1 vs LIXI 18.6 ± 11.1 ; T2DM: PLAC 8.2 ± 4.2 vs LIXI 19.6 ± 10.4); P
Published: 2019

6. Effect of exenatide once-weekly (QW) on gastric emptying in health: impact on glycaemia and glucose absorption

Author: Jones, K.L., Huynh, L.Q., Hatzinikolas, S., Rigda, R.S., Phillips, L., Pham, H.T., Marathe, C.S., Wu, T., Malbert, Charles-Henri, Lange, K., Rayner, C.K., Horowitz, M., Adelaide Royal Hospital (ARH), University of Adelaide, US 1395 ANI-SCAN [INRA], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience; Background and aims: ‘Short-acting’ glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (RAs) lower postprandial glucose predominantly via their profound effect to slow gastric emptying (GE). It is generally assumed that ‘long-acting’ GLP-1RAs have little, if any, effect on GE with longer-term administration, reflecting ‘tachyphylaxis’ to slowing of GE as a result of sustained receptor exposure. However, information relating to the effect of ‘long-acting’ GLP-1RAs on GE is limited and previous studies have been compromised by the use of suboptimal methodology to quantify GE. We evaluated the effects of 8 weeks’ administration of exenatide once-weekly (ExQW) on GE of solids and liquids (using the ‘gold standard’ technique, scintigraphy), postprandial glycaemia and glucose absorption in health. Materials and methods: Thirty two healthy participants completed an 8-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group designed study. Participants were randomised to receive either ExQW (2mg sc) (6M, 10F; mean age: 59.9 ± 0.9yr; BMI: 29.6 ± 0.6 kg/m2) or matched placebo (PLAC) (6M, 10F; mean age: 60.6 ± 1.2yr; BMI: 29.5 ± 1.0 kg/m2). GE, nausea (100mm visual analogue scale) and plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon were measured for 120 min after a mixed solid/liquid meal, comprising 100g minced beef radiolabelled with 20MBq 99mTc-sulphur colloid and 150ml 10% glucose radiolabelled with 7MBq 67Ga-EDTA and containing 5g 3-O-methyl-glucose (3-OMG) to assess oral glucose absorption, at baseline and after 8 weeks’ administration. Data are shown as mean values ± SEM and a PResults: The studies were well-tolerated. Scores for nausea were consistently very low and there was no difference between ExQW and PLAC groups at either baseline or after treatment. ExQW slowed GE of both solids (AUC0-120: P=0.05) and liquids (AUC0-120: P=0.01) substantially (Figure) and attenuated both the postprandial rise in plasma glucose (e.g. iAUC0-30: P=0.008) and glucose absorption (e.g. 3-OMG iAUC0-30: P=0.001). There were no differences in plasma insulin, C-peptide or glucagon between the two groups. The magnitude of the reduction in plasma glucose at t=30 min from baseline to 8 weeks with ExQW was inversely related to the 50% emptying time of the glucose drink (r=-0.55, P=0.03) i.e. postprandial glucose-lowering by ExQW was dependent on the magnitude of the slowing of GE. Conclusion: In healthy subjects, 8 weeks administration of the ‘long-acting’ GLP-1RA, ExQW, slows GE of solids and liquids with consequent reductions in glucose absorption and postprandial glycaemia.
Published: 2019

7. Intracerebral hemorrhage in ICU: is it worth treating?

Author: Sivakumar, S, Taccone, F, Desai, K, Lazaridis, C, Skarzynski, M, Sekhon, M, Henderson, W, Griesdale, D, Chapple, L, Deane, A, Williams, L, Strickland, R, Lange, K, Heyland, D, Chapman, M, Rowland, M, Garry, P, Westbrook, J, Corkill, R, Antoniades, C, Pattinson, K, Fatania, G, Strong, A, Myers, R, Jermaine, C, Robertson, C, Rusin, C, Hofmeijer, J, Sondag, L, Tjepkema Cloostermans, M, Beishuizen, A, Bosch, F, van Putten, M, Carteron, L, Patet, C, Solari, D, Oddo, M, Ali, M, Dias, C, Almeida, R, Vaz Ferreira, A, Silva, J, Monteiro, E, Cerejo, A, Rocha, A, Elsayed, A, Abougabal, A, Beshey, B, Alzahaby, K, Pozzebon, S, Ortiz, A, Cristallini, S, Lheureux, O, Brasseur, A, Vincent, J, Creteur, J, Hravnak, M, Yousef, K, Chang, Y, Crago, E, Friedlander, R, Abdelmonem, S, Tahon, S, Helmy, T, Meligy, H, Puig, F, Dunn Siegrist, I, Pugin, J, Gupta, S, Govil, D, Srinivasan, S, Patel, S, N, J, Gupta, A, Tomar, D, Shafi, M, Harne, R, Arora, D, Talwar, N, Mazumdar, S, Papakrivou, E, Makris, D, 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Subjects: intracerebral haemorrhage in intensive care
Published: 2016

8. ESICM LIVES 2016: part two

Author: Sivakumar, S., Taccone, F. S., Desai, K. A., Lazaridis, C., Skarzynski, M., Sekhon, M., Henderson, W., Griesdale, D., Chapple, L., Deane, A., Williams, L., Strickland, R., Lange, K., Heyland, D., Chapman, M., Rowland, M. J., Garry, P., Westbrook, J., Corkill, R., Antoniades, C. A., Pattinson, K. T., Fatania, G., Strong, A. J., Myers, R. B., Jermaine, C. M., Robertson, C. S., Rusin, C. G., Hofmeijer, J., Sondag, L., Tjepkema-Cloostermans, M. C., Beishuizen, A., Bosch, F. H., van Putten, M. J. A. M., Carteron, L., Patet, C., Solari, D., Oddo, M., Ali, M. A., Dias, C., Almeida, R., Vaz-Ferreira, A., Silva, J., Monteiro, E., Cerejo, A., Rocha, A. P., Elsayed, A. A., Abougabal, A. M., Beshey, B. N., Alzahaby, K. M., Pozzebon, S., Ortiz, A. Blandino, Cristallini, S., Lheureux, O., Brasseur, A., Vincent, J. L., Creteur, J., Hravnak, M., Yousef, K., Chang, Y., Crago, E., Friedlander, R. M., Abdelmonem, S. A., Tahon, S. A., Helmy, T. A., Meligy, H. S., Puig, F., Dunn-Siegrist, I., Pugin, J., Gupta, S., Govil, D., Srinivasan, S., Patel, S. J., N, J. K., Gupta, A., Tomar, D. S., Shafi, M., Harne, R., Arora, D. P., Talwar, N., Mazumdar, S., Papakrivou, E. E., Makris, D., Manoulakas, E., Tsolaki, B., Karadodas, B., Zakynthinos, E., Garcia, I. Palacios, Martin, A. Diaz, Encinares, V. Sanchez, Ibañez, M. Pachón, Montero, J. Garnacho, Labrador, G., Cangueiro, T. Cebrero, Poulose, V., Koh, J., Kam, J. W., Yeter, H., Kara, A., Aktepe, O., Topeli, A., Tsolakoglou, I., Intas, G., Stergiannis, P., Kolaros, A. A., Chalari, E., Athanasiadou, E., Martika, A., Fildisis, G., Faivre, V., Mengelle, C., Favier, B., Payen, D., Poppe, A., Winkler, M. S., Mudersbach, E., Schreiber, J., Wruck, M. L., Schwedhelm, E., Kluge, S., Zöllner, C., Tavladaki, T., Spanaki, A. M., Dimitriou, H., Kondili, E., Choulaki, C., Meleti, E., Kafetzopoulos, D., Georgopoulos, D., Briassoulis, G., la Torre, A. García-de, de la Torre-Prados, M. V., Tsvetanova-Spasova, T., Nuevo-Ortega, P., Rueda-Molina, C., Fernández-Porcel, A., Camara-Sola, E., Salido-Díaz, L., García-Alcántara, A., Meleti, D. E., Suberviola, B., Riera, J., Rellan, L., Sanchez, M., Robles, J. C., Lopez, E., Vicente, R., Miñambres, E., Santibañez, M., Le Guen, M., Moore, J., Mason, N., Windpassinger, M., Plattner, O., Mascha, E., Sessler, D. I., Research, Outcomes, Melia, U., Fontanet, J., van den Berg, J. P., Struys, M. M. R. F., Vereecke, H. E. M., Jensen, E. W., Rood, P. J. T., van de Schoor, F., van Tertholen, K., Pickkers, P., van den Boogaard, M., Beardow, Z. J., Redhead, H., Paramasivam, K., Numan, T., Kamper, A. M., Rood, P., Peelen, L. M., Zeman, P. M., Slooter, A. J., van Ewijk, C. E., Jacobs, G. E., Girbes, A. R. J., Myatra, S. N., Harish, M. M., Prabu, N. R., Siddiqui, S., Kulkarni, A. P., Divatia, J. V., Murbach, L. D., Leite, M. A., Osaku, E. F., Costa, C. R. L. M., Pelenz, M., Neitzke, N. M., Moraes, M. M., Jaskowiak, J. L., Silva, M. M. M., Zaponi, R. S., Abentroth, L. R. L., Ogasawara, S. M., Jorge, A. C., Duarte, P. A. D., Hernández-Sánchez, N., Sánchez-Hurtado, L. A., García-Guillen, F. J., Ñamendys-Silva, S. A., Maghsoudi, B., Emami, M., Khosravi, M. B., Zand, F., Tabatabaie, H. R., Masjedi, M., Sabetiyan, G., Mokri, A., Troubleyn, J., Diltoer, M., Jacobs, R., Nguyen, D. N., De Waele, E., De Regt, J., Honoré, P. M., Van Gorp, V., Spapen, H. D., Contreras, R. S., Toapanta, N. D., Moreno, G., Sabater, J., Torrado, H., Gonzalez, M., Marin, M., Farigola, E., Gonzalez, A., Fernandez, J., Vera, A., Gisbert, X., Juliá, C., Uya, J., Corral, L., Elias-Jones, I., Gemmell, L., MacKay, A., Randall, D., Adwaney, A., Blunden, M., Prowle, J. R., Kirwan, C. J., Thomas, N., Martin, A., Owen, H., Darwin, L., Conway, D., Atkinson, D., Sharman, M., Barbanti, C., Amour, J., Gaudard, P., Rozec, B., Mauriat, P., M’rini, M., Leger, P. L., Cambonie, G., Liet, J. 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B., Briassoulis, P., Kalimeris, K., Ntzouvani, A., Nomikos, T., Papaparaskeva, K., Politi, E., Kostopanagiotou, G., Crewdson, K., Rehn, M., Weaver, A., Brohi, K., Lockey, D., Wright, S., Thomas, K., Baker, C., Mansfield, L., Stafford, V., Wade, C., Watson, G., Bryant, A., Chadwick, T., Shen, J., Wilkinson, J., Furneval, J., Henderson, A., Hugill, K., Howard, P., Roy, A., Bonner, S., Baudouin, S., Ramírez, C. Sánchez, Escalada, S. Hípola, Viera, M. A. Hernández, Santana, M. Cabrera, Balcázar, L. Caipe, Monroy, N. Sangil, Campelo, F. Artiles, Vázquez, C. F. Lübbe, Santana, P. Saavedra, Santana, S. Ruiz, Quintard, H., Bouzat, P., Wollersheim, T., Malleike, J., Haas, K., Carbon, N., Schneider, J., Birchmeier, C., Fielitz, J., Spuler, S., Weber-Carstens, S., Enseñat, L., Pérez-Madrigal, A., Saludes, P., Proença, L., Gruartmoner, G., Espinal, C., Mesquida, J., Huber, W., Eckmann, M., Elkmann, F., Gruber, A., Lahmer, T., Mayr, U., Herner, A., Schellnegger, R., Schmid, R. 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L., Azmi, E., Alkhan, J., Movsisyan, V., Petrikov, S., Marutyan, Z., Aliev, I., Evdokimov, A., Antonucci, E., Merz, T., Hartmann, C., Calzia, E., Radermacher, P., Nußbaum, B., Huber-Lang, M., Gröger, M., Svoren-Jabalera, E., Davenport, E. E., Humburg, P., Knight, J., Hinds, C. J., Jun, I. J., Kim, W. J., Lee, E. H., Besch, G., Perrotti, A., Puyraveau, M., Baltres, M., Samain, E., Chocron, S., Pili-Floury, S., Plata-Menchaca, E. P., Sabater-Riera, J., Estruch, M., Boza, E., Toscana-Fernández, J., Bruguera-Pellicer, E., Ordoñez-Llanos, J., Pérez-Fernández, X. L., Cavaleiro, P., Tralhão, A., Arrigo, M., Lopes, J.-P., Lebrun, M., Cholley, B., PerezVela, J. L., MarinMateos, H., Rivera, J. J. Jimenez, Llorente, M. A. Alcala, De Marcos, B. Gonzalez, Fernandez, F. J. Gonzalez, Laborda, C. Garcia, Zamora, D. Fernandez, Delgado, J. C. Lopez, Imperiali, C., Dastis, M., Górka, J., Górka, K., Iwaniec, T., Frołow, M., Polok, K., Fronczek, J., Kózka, M., Musiał, J., Szczeklik, W., Sileli, M., Moursia, C., Maleoglou, H., Leleki, K., Uz, Z., Ince, Y., Papatella, R., Bulent, E., De Mol, B., Vicka, V., Gineityte, D., Ringaitiene, D., Norkiene, I., Sipylaite, J., Möller, C., Thomas-Rueddel, D. O., Vlasakov, V., Rochwerg, B., Theurer, P., Al Sibai, J. Zanabili, Camblor, P. Martinez, Fernandez, P. Alvarez, Gala, J. M. García, Guisasola, J. Silba, Tamura, T., Miyajima, I., Yamashita, K., Yokoyama, M., Dalampini, E., Nastou, M., Baddour, A., Ignatiadis, A., Asteri, T., Hathorn, K. E., Purtle, S. W., Viana, M. V., Tonietto, T. A., Gross, L. A., Costa, V. L., Tavares, A. L. J., Lisboa, B. O., Moraes, R. B., Vieira, S. R., Viana, L. V., Azevedo, M. J., Ceniccola, G. D., Pequeno, R. S. F., Holanda, T. P., Mendonça, V. S., Araújo, W. M. C., Carvalho, L. S. F., Segaran, E., Vickers, L., Brinchmann, K., Wignall, I., De Brito-Ashurst, I., del Olmo, R., Esteban, M. J., Vaquerizo, C., Carreño, R., Gálvez, V., Kaminsky, G., Nieto, B., Fuentes, M., De la Torre, M. A., Torres, E., Alonso, A., Velayos, C., Saldaña, T., Escribá, A., GRIP, J., Kölegård, R., Sundblad, P., Rooyackers, O., Naser, Ben, Jaziri, F., Jazia, A. Ben, Barghouth, M., Hentati, O., Skouri, W., El Euch, M., Mahfoudhi, M., Turki, S., Abdelghni, K. Ben, Abdallah, Ben, Maha, B. N. M., Lorente, M., Włudarczyk, A., Hałek, A., Bargouth, M., Bennasr, M., Abdelghani, K. Ben, Abdallah, T. Ben, Geenen, I. L., Parienti, J. J., Straaten, H. M. Oudemans-van, Shum, H. P., King, H. S., Chan, K. C., Yan, W. W., Londoño, J. Gonzalez, Cardenas, C. Lorencio, Pedrosa, M. Morales, Gubianas, C. Murcia, Bertolin, C. Fuster, Batllori, N. Vila, Sirvent, J. M., Mukhopadhyay, A., Chan, H. Y., Kowitlawakul, Y., Remani, D., Leong, C. S. F., Henry, C. J., Puthucheary, Z. A., Mendsaikhan, N., Begzjav, T., Lundeg, G., Dünser, M., Welsh, S. P., Guerra, E., Zerpa, M. C. l., Zechner, F., Berdaguer, F., Risso-Vazquez, A., Masevicius, F. D., Greaney, D., Magee, A., Fitzpatrick, G., Lugo-Cob, R. G., Tejeda-Huezo, B. C., Cano-Oviedo, A. A., Aydogan, M. S., Togal, T., Taha, A., Chai, H. Z., Kam, C., Razali, S. S. Yang, Sivasamy, V., Kuan, L. Y., Morales, M. A. Lopez, Pires, T., and Azevedo, L. C. P.
Subjects: Meeting Abstracts
Abstract: Introduction In addition to systemic hemodynamics, the management\ud of neurocritically ill patients is often informed by neuromonitoring. In\ud the absence of high-level evidence clinicians are often guided by personal\ud and local expertise. Little is known about practices as they pertain\ud to the use of such monitoring in patients with acute brain injury (ABI).\ud Objectives To investigate practices in bedside monitoring for ABI patients.\ud Particularly interested in differences among “neurointensivists”\ud (NIs; defined here as intensivists whose clinical practice is comprised\ud > 1/3 by neurocritical care) and other intensivists (OIs). Also, to\ud explore patterns specific to traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid\ud hemorrhage (SAH), as well as preferences and availability of\ud particular technologies/devices.\ud Methods Electronic survey of 22 items including two case-based scenarios;\ud endorsed by SCCM (9,000 recipients) and ESICM (on-line\ud newsletter) in 2013. A sample size of 370 was calculated based on a\ud population of 10,000 physician members, a 5 % margin error, and\ud 95 % confidence interval. We summarized results using descriptive\ud statistics (proportions with 95 % confidence intervals). A chi-square\ud test was used to compare proportions of responses between NIs and\ud OIs with a significance p < 0.05.\ud Results There were 655 responders (66 % completion rate); 422(65 %)\ud were classified as OIs and 226(35 %) as NIs. More NIs follow\ud hemodynamic protocols for neurocritically-ill patients (56 % vs. 43 %, p\ud 0.001), in TBI (44.5 % vs. 33.3 %, p 0.007), and in SAH (38.1 % vs. 21.3 %,\ud p < 000.1). For delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), more NIs target cardiac\ud index (CI) (35 % vs. 21 %, p 0.0001), and fluid responsiveness (62 % vs.\ud 53 %, p 0.03), use more bedside ultrasound (BUS) (42 % vs. 29 %, p\ud 0.005) and arterial waveform analysis (40 % vs. 29 %, p 0.02). For DCI\ud neuromonitoring, NIs use more angiography (57 % vs. 43 %, p 0.004),\ud TCD (46 % vs. 38 %, p 0.0001), and CTP (32 % vs.16 %, p 0.0001). For\ud CPP optimization in TBI, NIs use more arterial waveform analysis (45 %\ud vs. 35 %, p 0.019), and BUS (37 % vs. 27.7 %, p 0.023), while more OIs\ud monitor mixed venous oxygen saturation (54.1 % vs. 45 %, p 0.045). For\ud TBI neuromonitoring, NIs use more PbtO2 (28 % vs. 10 %, p 0.0001). In\ud the case scenario of raised ICP/low PbtO2, most employ analgosedation\ud (47 %) and osmotherapy (38 %). Fewer make use of preserved pressure\ud reactivity, particularly OIs (vasopressor use 23 % vs. 34 %, p 0.014).\ud Conclusions There is large heterogeneity in the use of monitoring protocols,\ud variables, and technologies/devices. “Neurointensivists” not only\ud employ more neuromonitoring but also more hemodynamic monitoring\ud in patients with acute brain injury. ICP/CPP remain the most commonly\ud followed neuro-variables in TBI patients, with low use of other\ud brain-physiology parameters, sugg
Published: 2016

9. Autonomic function, postprandial hypotension and falls in older adults at one year after critical illness

Author: Ali Abdelhamid, Y., Weinel, L. M., Hatzinikolas, S., Summers, M., Nguyen, T. A. N., Kar, P., Phillips, L. K., Michael Horowitz, Deane, A. M., and Jones, K. L.

10. Measurement of Gastric Emptying Using a 13C-octanoic Acid Breath Test with Wagner-Nelson Analysis and Scintigraphy in Type 2 Diabetes.

Author: Trahair LG, Nauck MA, Wu T, Stevens JE, Buttfield MD, Hatzinikolas S, Pham H, Meier JJ, Rayner CK, Horowitz M, and Jones KL
Subjects: Humans, Aged, Carbon Isotopes, Breath Tests methods, Radionuclide Imaging, Gastric Emptying, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 diagnostic imaging
Abstract: Introduction: Breath tests utilising 13 C-labelled substrates for the assessment of gastric emptying have been applied widely. Wagner-Nelson analysis is a pharmacokinetic model that can be utilised to generate a gastric emptying curve from the % 13 CO 2 measured in breath samples. We compared Wagner-Nelson analysis with (i) scintigraphy and (ii) conventional breath test modelling to quantify gastric emptying in type 2 diabetes., Methods: Thirteen patients (age 68.1±1.5 years, body mass index 31.0±0.9 kg/m 2 , HbA1c 6.3±0.2%) consumed a mashed potato meal comprising 65 g powdered potato, 20 g glucose, 250 ml water, an egg yolk labelled with 100 μL 13 C-octanoic acid and 20MBq 99m Tc-calcium phytate. Scintigraphic data were acquired and breath samples collected for 4 hours after the meal. Gastric emptying curves were derived based on each technique; the 50% emptying time and intragastric retention at 60 min were also calculated., Results: With Wagner-Nelson analysis, a K el =0.60 (the elimination constant) best approximated the scintigraphic gastric emptying curve. There was a relationship between the T50 calculated with scintigraphy and by both Wagner-Nelson K el =0.60 (r 2 =0.45, P<0.05) and conventional analysis (r 2 =0.44, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the 50% gastric emptying time for scintigraphy (68.5±4.8 min) and Wagner-Nelson K el =0.60 (71.3±4.5 min), however, the 50% gastric emptying time calculated by conventional analysis was much greater at 164.7±6.0 min (P<0.001)., Conclusion: In type 2 diabetes, gastric emptying of a mashed potato meal measured using a 13 C-octanoic acid breath test analysed with Wagner-Nelson K el =0.60 closely reflects measurements obtained with scintigraphy, whereas, in absolute terms, the conventional breath test analysis does not., Competing Interests: Michael Nauck has received compensation for lectures or advisory board membership from AstraZeneca, Berlin-Chemie/Menarini, Medscape, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda, and Sun Pharma; received grant support from Berlin-Chemie/Menarini, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and Novo Nordisk. Tongzhi Wu has received travel support from Novartis and Sanofi and research funding from Novartis and AstraZeneca. Juris Meier has received compensation for lectures or advisory board membership from AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Berlin-Chemie/Menarini, Eli Lilly, Medscape, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi; received grant support from Novo Nordisk. Christopher Rayner has received research funding from Sanofi, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, and AstraZeneca. Michael Horowitz has participated in the advisory boards and/or symposia for Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Boehringer Ingelheim, and AstraZeneca and has received honoraria for this activity. Karen Jones has received research funding from Sanofi and AstraZeneca and drug supplies from Merck Sharp & Dohme. Laurence Trahair, Julie Stevens, Madeline Buttfield, Seva Hatzinikolas and Hung Pham have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2022
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11. Acute Administration of the GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Lixisenatide Diminishes Postprandial Insulin Secretion in Healthy Subjects But Not in Type 2 Diabetes, Associated with Slowing of Gastric Emptying.

Author: Marathe CS, Pham H, Wu T, Trahair LG, Rigda RS, Buttfield MDM, Hatzinikolas S, Lange K, Rayner CK, Mari A, Horowitz M, and Jones KL
Abstract: Introduction: It is uncertain whether lixisenatide has postprandial insulinotropic effects when its effect on slowing gastric emptying is considered, in healthy subjects and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We evaluated the effects of single administration of 10 μg sc lixisenatide on glycaemia, insulin secretion and gastric emptying (GE), measured using the 'gold standard' technique of scintigraphy following an oral glucose load (75 g glucose)., Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects (nine men, six women; age 67.2 ± 2.3 years) and 15 patients with T2DM (nine men, six women; age 61.9 ± 2.3 years) had measurements of GE, plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide for 180 min after a radiolabeled 75 g glucose drink on two separate days. All subjects received lixisenatide (10 μg sc) or placebo in a randomised, double-blind, crossover fashion 30 min before the drink. Insulin secretory response (ISR) was determined using the C-peptide deconvolution method., Results: GE was markedly slowed by lixisenatide compared with placebo in both healthy subjects (1.45 ± 0.10 kcal/min for placebo vs. 0.60 ± 0.14 kcal/min for lixisenatide) and diabetes (1.57 ± 0.06 kcal/min for placebo vs. 0.75 ± 0.13 kcal/min for lixisenatide) (both P < 0.001) with no difference between the two groups (P = 0.42). There was a moderate to strong inverse correlation between the early insulin secretory response calculated at 60 min and gastric retention at 60 min with lixisenatide treatment in healthy subjects (r = - 0.8, P = 0.0003) and a trend in type 2 diabetes (r = - 0.4, P = NS), compared with no relationships in the placebo arms (r = - 0.02, P = NS, healthy subjects) and (r = - 0.16, P = NS, type 2 diabetes)., Conclusion: The marked slowing of GE of glucose induced by lixisenatide is associated with attenuation in the rise of postprandial glucose in both healthy subjects and diabetes and early insulin secretory response in healthy subjects., Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT02308254., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
Published: 2022
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12. Effects of Standard vs Energy-Dense Formulae on Gastric Retention, Energy Delivery, and Glycemia in Critically Ill Patients.

Author: Chapple LS, Summers MJ, Weinel LM, Abdelhamid YA, Kar P, Hatzinikolas S, Calnan D, Bills M, Lange K, Poole A, O'Connor SN, Horowitz M, Jones KL, Deane AM, and Chapman MJ
Subjects: Adult, Enteral Nutrition, Female, Food, Formulated, Gastric Emptying, Glucose, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Blood Glucose, Critical Illness
Abstract: Background: Energy-dense formulae are often provided to critically ill patients with enteral feed intolerance with the aim of increasing energy delivery, yet the effect on gastric emptying is unknown. The rate of gastric emptying of a standard compared with an energy-dense formula was quantified in critically ill patients., Methods: Mechanically ventilated adults were randomized to receive radiolabeled intragastric infusions of 200 mL standard (1 kcal/mL) or 100 mL energy-dense (2 kcal/mL) enteral formulae on consecutive days in this noninferiority, blinded, crossover trial. The primary outcome was scintigraphic measurement of gastric retention (percentage at 120 minutes). Other measures included area under the curve (AUC) for gastric retention and intestinal energy delivery (calculated from gastric retention of formulae over time), blood glucose (peak and AUC), and intestinal glucose absorption (using 3-O-methyl-D-gluco-pyranose [3-OMG] concentrations). Comparisons were undertaken using paired mixed-effects models. Data presented are mean ± SE., Results: Eighteen patients were studied (male/female, 14:4; age, 55.2 ± 5.3 years). Gastric retention at 120 minutes was greater with the energy-dense formula (standard, 17.0 ± 5.9 vs energy-dense, 32.5 ± 7.1; difference, 12.7% [90% confidence interval, 0.8%-30.1%]). Energy delivery (AUC 120 , 13,038 ± 1119 vs 9763 ± 1346 kcal/120 minutes; P = 0.057), glucose control (peak glucose, 10.1 ± 0.3 vs 9.7 ± 0.3 mmol/L, P = 0.362; and glucose AUC 120 8.7 ± 0.3 vs 8.5 ± 0.3 mmol/L.120 minutes, P = 0.661), and absorption (3-OMG AUC 120 , 38.5 ± 4.0 vs 35.7 ± 4.0 mmol/L.120 minutes; P = .508) were not improved with the energy-dense formula., Conclusion: In critical illness, administration of an energy-dense formula does not reduce gastric retention, increase energy delivery to the small intestine, or improve glucose absorption or glucose control; instead, there is a signal for delayed gastric emptying., (© 2021 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.)
Published: 2021
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13. Acceleration of Gastric Emptying by Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia is Dependent on the Degree of Hypoglycemia.

Author: Murthy TA, Grivell J, Hatzinikolas S, Chapple LS, Chapman MJ, Stevens JE, Malbert CH, Rayner CK, Horowitz M, Jones KL, and Marathe CS
Subjects: Adult, Blood Glucose analysis, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glycated Hemoglobin analysis, Humans, Hypoglycemia chemically induced, Male, Prognosis, Biomarkers analysis, Gastric Emptying, Hypoglycemia pathology, Hypoglycemic Agents adverse effects, Insulin adverse effects
Abstract: Context: Hypoglycemia is a major barrier to optimal glycemic control in insulin-treated diabetes. Recent guidelines from the American Diabetes Association have subcategorized "non-severe" hypoglycemia into level 1 (<3.9 mmol/L) and 2 (<3 mmol/L) hypoglycemia. Gastric emptying of carbohydrate is a major determinant of postprandial glycemia but its role in hypoglycemia counter-regulation remains underappreciated. "Marked" hypoglycemia (~2.6 mmol/L) accelerates gastric emptying and increases carbohydrate absorption in health and type 1 diabetes, but the impact of "mild" hypoglycemia (3.0-3.9 mmol/L) is unknown., Objective: To determine the effects of 2 levels of hypoglycemia, 2.6 mmol/L ("marked") and 3.6 mmol/L ("mild"), on gastric emptying in health., Design, Setting, and Subjects: Fourteen healthy male participants (mean age: 32.9 ± 8.3 years; body mass index: 24.5 ± 3.4 kg/m2) from the general community underwent measurement of gastric emptying of a radiolabeled solid meal (100 g beef) by scintigraphy over 120 minutes on 3 separate occasions, while blood glucose was maintained at either ~2.6 mmol/L, ~3.6 mmol/L, or ~6 mmol/L in random order from 15 minutes before until 60 minutes after meal ingestion using glucose-insulin clamp. Blood glucose was then maintained at 6 mmol/L from 60 to 120 minutes on all days., Results: Gastric emptying was accelerated during both mild (P = 0.011) and marked (P = 0.001) hypoglycemia when compared to euglycemia, and was more rapid during marked compared with mild hypoglycemia (P = 0.008). Hypoglycemia-induced gastric emptying acceleration during mild (r = 0.57, P = 0.030) and marked (r = 0.76, P = 0.0014) hypoglycemia was related to gastric emptying during euglycemia., Conclusion: In health, acceleration of gastric emptying by insulin-induced hypoglycemia is dependent on the degree of hypoglycemia and baseline rate of emptying., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Published: 2021
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14. Acute Effects of Lixisenatide on Energy Intake in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Relationship to Gastric Emptying and Intragastric Distribution.

Author: Jalleh R, Pham H, Marathe CS, Wu T, Buttfield MD, Hatzinikolas S, Malbert CH, Rigda RS, Lange K, Trahair LG, Feinle-Bisset C, Rayner CK, Horowitz M, and Jones KL
Subjects: Aged, Beverages, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Female, Glucose administration & dosage, Glucose metabolism, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Meals, Middle Aged, Peptides therapeutic use, Placebos, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology, Energy Intake drug effects, Gastric Emptying drug effects, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor agonists, Peptides pharmacology, Stomach drug effects
Abstract: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists induce weight loss, which has been suggested to relate to the slowing of gastric emptying (GE). In health, energy intake (EI) is more strongly related to the content of the distal, than the total, stomach. We evaluated the effects of lixisenatide on GE, intragastric distribution, and subsequent EI in 15 healthy participants and 15 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants ingested a 75-g glucose drink on two separate occasions, 30 min after lixisenatide (10 mcg) or placebo subcutaneously, in a randomised, double-blind, crossover design. GE and intragastric distribution were measured for 180 min followed by a buffet-style meal, where EI was quantified. Relationships of EI with total, proximal, and distal stomach content were assessed. In both groups, lixisenatide slowed GE markedly, with increased retention in both the proximal ( p < 0.001) and distal ( p < 0.001) stomach and decreased EI ( p < 0.001). EI was not related to the content of the total or proximal stomach but inversely related to the distal stomach at 180 min in health on placebo ( r = -0.58, p = 0.03) but not in T2D nor after lixisenatide in either group. In healthy and T2D participants, the reduction in EI by lixisenatide is unrelated to changes in GE/intragastric distribution, consistent with a centrally mediated effect.
Published: 2020
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15. Exenatide once weekly slows gastric emptying of solids and liquids in healthy, overweight people at steady-state concentrations.

Author: Jones KL, Huynh LQ, Hatzinikolas S, Rigda RS, Phillips LK, Pham HT, Marathe CS, Wu T, Malbert CH, Stevens JE, Lange K, Rayner CK, and Horowitz M
Subjects: Blood Glucose, C-Peptide, Exenatide, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Overweight, Postprandial Period, Gastric Emptying, Insulin
Abstract: Aims: To evaluate the effects of 8 weeks' administration of exenatide (EXE) once weekly on gastric emptying of solids and liquids (using the "gold standard" technique, scintigraphy), glucose absorption and postprandial glycaemia in healthy people., Material and Methods: A total of 32 healthy participants were randomized to receive either EXE once weekly (2 mg/wk subcutaneously; six men, 10 women, mean age 59.9 ± 0.9 years, mean body mass index [BMI] 29.6 ± 0.6 kg/m 2 ) or matching placebo (PBO; six men, 10 women, mean age 60.6 ± 1.2 years, mean BMI 29.5 ± 1.0 kg/m 2 ) for 8 weeks. Gastric emptying, nausea (visual analogue scale), and plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide and glucagon were measured for 120 min after a solid/liquid meal, comprising 100 g ground beef (radiolabelled with 20 MBq 99m Tc-sulphur colloid) and 150 mL 10% glucose (radiolabelled with 7 MBq 67 Ga-EDTA), and containing 5 g 3-O-methyl-glucose (3-OMG) as a marker of glucose absorption, at baseline and after 8 weeks' treatment., Results: The study treatments were well tolerated. Scores for nausea were consistently low, with no difference between the EXE once weekly and PBO groups. EXE once weekly slowed gastric emptying of solids (area under the curve [AUC] 0-120min : P < 0.05) and liquids (AUC 0-120min : P = 0.01) substantially, and attenuated glucose absorption (3-OMG incremental AUC [iAUC] 0-30min : P = 0.001) and the postprandial rise in plasma glucose (iAUC 0-30min : P = 0.008). Plasma glucagon at 2 h was reduced by EXE once weekly (P = 0.001). The magnitude of the reduction in plasma glucose at t = 30 min from baseline to 8 weeks with EXE once weekly was related inversely to the 50% emptying time of the glucose drink (r = -0.55, P = 0.03)., Conclusions: In healthy participants, 8 weeks' administration of the "long-acting" glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist EXE, slowed gastric emptying of solids and liquids substantially, with consequent reductions in glucose absorption and postprandial glycaemia., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2020
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16. Autonomic function, postprandial hypotension and falls in older adults at one year after critical illness.

Author: Ali Abdelhamid Y, Weinel LM, Hatzinikolas S, Summers M, Nguyen TAN, Kar P, Phillips LK, Horowitz M, Deane AM, and Jones KL
Subjects: Aged, Blood Pressure, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypotension epidemiology, Hypotension physiopathology, Male, Prospective Studies, Quality of Life, Accidental Falls statistics & numerical data, Autonomic Nervous System physiology, Autonomic Nervous System Diseases physiopathology, Critical Illness, Hypotension complications, Hypotension etiology, Postprandial Period
Abstract: Objective: Postprandial hypotension occurs frequently in older survivors of critical illness at 3 months after discharge. We aimed to determine whether postprandial hypotension and its predictors - gastric dysmotility and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction - persist or resolve as older survivors of critical illness recover, and whether postprandial hypotension after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge is associated with adverse outcomes at 12 months., Design: Prospective observational study., Setting: Tertiary medical-surgical ICU., Participants: Older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) who had been studied 3 months after ICU discharge and who returned for a follow-up study at 12 months after discharge., Main Outcome Measures: On both occasions after fasting overnight, participants consumed a 300 mL drink containing 75 g glucose, radiolabelled with 20 MBq 99m Tcphytate. Blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose concentration and gastric emptying rate were measured concurrently before and after ingestion of the drink. Falls, quality of life, hospitalisation and mortality rates were also quantified., Results: Out of 35 older adults studied at 3 months, 22 returned for the follow-up study at 12 months. Postprandial hypotension was evident in 29% of participants (95% CI, 14-44%) at 3 months and 10% of participants (95% CI, 1-30%) at 12 months. Postprandial hypotension at 3 months was associated with a more than threefold increase in the risk of falls in the year after ICU discharge (relative risk, 3.7 [95% CI, 1.6-8.8]; P = 0.003). At 12 months, gastric emptying was normal (mean time taken for 50% of gastric contents to empty, 101.6 [SD, 33.3] min) and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction prevalence was low (9% [95% CI, 1-29%])., Conclusions: In older adults who were evaluated 3 and 12 months after ICU discharge, postprandial hypotension at 3 months was associated with an increased risk of subsequent falls, but the prevalence of postprandial hypotension decreased with time.
Published: 2020

17. Longitudinal Changes in the Blood Pressure Responses to, and Gastric Emptying of, an Oral Glucose Load in Healthy Older Subjects.

Author: Pham H, Phillips L, Trahair L, Hatzinikolas S, Horowitz M, and Jones KL
Subjects: Administration, Oral, Aged, Breath Tests, Female, Heart Rate physiology, Humans, Male, Aging physiology, Gastric Emptying physiology, Glucose administration & dosage, Hypotension physiopathology, Postprandial Period
Abstract: The rate of gastric emptying is a major determinant of the hypotensive response to a meal. Cross-sectional studies suggest that healthy aging is associated with a modest slowing of gastric emptying. We aimed to determine longitudinal changes in the blood pressure (BP) response to, and gastric emptying of, glucose in healthy older people. Thirty-three participants (77.0 ± 0.7 years) had baseline and follow-up measurements after 5.8 ± 0.1 years. Participants consumed a 300-mL drink containing 75 g glucose and 150 mg C13-acetate. BP and heart rate (HR) were measured at 5-minute intervals for 120 minutes after the drink. Exhaled breath was collected to calculate the gastric 50% emptying time. The prevalence of postprandial hypotension (PPH) doubled from 9.1% to 18.2%. Gastric emptying was slower at follow-up (p = .04). The fall in systolic BP (SBP) was related directly to the rate of gastric emptying at both the initial study (r = .54, p = .005) and at follow-up (r = .41, p = .04). The change in the maximum fall in SBP was related to the increase in baseline SBP (r = -.63, p < .001). In conclusion, in healthy older people over a period of ~5.8 years, there was an increased prevalence of PPH and a modest slowing of gastric emptying. The latter was related directly to a greater hypotensive response., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Published: 2020
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18. Effects of sitagliptin on gastric emptying of, and the glycaemic and blood pressure responses to, a carbohydrate meal in type 2 diabetes.

Author: Stevens JE, Buttfield M, Wu T, Hatzinikolas S, Pham H, Lange K, Rayner CK, Horowitz M, and Jones KL
Subjects: Aged, Cross-Over Studies, Dietary Carbohydrates administration & dosage, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents therapeutic use, Male, Postprandial Period, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Gastric Emptying drug effects, Sitagliptin Phosphate therapeutic use
Abstract: Aims: To determine the effects of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, on gastric emptying (GE) of a high-carbohydrate meal and associated glycaemic and blood pressure (BP) responses in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)., Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients with T2DM (nine men, five women; age 67.8 ± 1.5 years; body mass index 31.2 ± 0.9 kg/m 2 ; T2DM duration: 4.2 ± 0.9 years; glycated haemoglobin: 46 ± 1.8 mmol/mol [6.4% ± 0.2%]), managed by diet and/or metformin, underwent concurrent measurements of GE, BP and plasma glucose for 240 minutes after ingestion of a radiolabelled mashed potato meal after receiving sitagliptin (100 mg) or placebo in randomized, double-blind, crossover fashion on 2 consecutive days., Results: Sitagliptin reduced postprandial plasma glucose (P < .005) without affecting GE (P = .88). The magnitude of the glucose-lowering effect (change in incremental area under the curve 0-240 min from placebo to sitagliptin) was related to GE (kcal/min) on placebo (r = 0.68, P = .008) There was a comparable fall in systolic BP (P = .80) following the meal, with no difference between the 2 days., Conclusions: In T2DM, while sitagliptin has no effect on either GE or postprandial BP, its ability to lower postprandial glucose are dependent on the basal rate of GE., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2020
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19. Longitudinal Changes in Fasting and Glucose-Stimulated GLP-1 and GIP in Healthy Older Subjects.

Author: Pham H, Marathe CS, Phillips LK, Trahair LG, Hatzinikolas S, Huynh L, Wu T, Nauck MA, Rayner CK, Horowitz M, and Jones KL
Subjects: Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glucose Intolerance physiopathology, Glucose Tolerance Test, Healthy Volunteers, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prognosis, Biomarkers blood, Blood Glucose analysis, Fasting, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide blood, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 blood, Glucose Intolerance blood
Abstract: Context: It is not known whether glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) levels correlate within individuals, nor whether levels change with age. Previous studies have all been cross-sectional in design., Objective: To evaluate longitudinal changes in fasting and glucose-stimulated incretin hormone concentrations in healthy older subjects., Patients and Design: Forty-one healthy older subjects had measurements of plasma GLP-1 and GIP while fasting and after a 75-g oral glucose load on two occasions separated by 5.9 ± 0.1 years [mean age at the initial study: 71.2 ± 3.8 (SD) years]. Breath samples were collected to calculate the gastric 50% emptying time (T50)., Results: For GLP-1, both fasting concentrations (P < 0.001) and area under the curve 0 to 120 minutes (P = 0.001) were decreased at followup. Fasting GIP was also lower (P = 0.03) at follow up, but there was no change in the area under the curve 0 to 120 minutes (P = 0.26). The gastric emptying T50 was slower at followup (P = 0.008). Neither the change in T50 nor the body mass index at the initial study was a determinant of the change in incretin responses. Between the two study days, fasting GIP (r = 0.72, P < 0.001) correlated well, but not fasting GLP-1 (r = 0.23, P = 0.18). However, both glucose-stimulated GLP-1 (r = 0.50, P = 0.002) and GIP (r = 0.60, P < 0.001) showed correlations between the initial and follow-up studies., Conclusions: Fasting GIP and glucose-stimulated GLP-1 and GIP concentrations correlate within individuals over a follow-up period of ∼5.9 years. Aging is associated with reductions in fasting GLP-1 and GIP, and glucose-stimulated GLP-1, which may predispose to the development of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes., (Copyright © 2019 Endocrine Society.)
Published: 2019
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20. The Effects of a Whey Protein and Guar Gum-Containing Preload on Gastric Emptying, Glycaemia, Small Intestinal Absorption and Blood Pressure in Healthy Older Subjects.

Author: Pham H, Holen IS, Phillips LK, Hatzinikolas S, Huynh LQ, Wu T, Hausken T, Rayner CK, Horowitz M, and Jones KL
Subjects: 3-O-Methylglucose blood, Aged, Female, Healthy Volunteers, Heart Rate drug effects, Humans, Insulin blood, Intestine, Small metabolism, Male, Postprandial Period drug effects, Blood Glucose drug effects, Blood Pressure drug effects, Galactans pharmacology, Gastric Emptying drug effects, Intestinal Absorption drug effects, Mannans pharmacology, Plant Gums pharmacology, Whey Proteins pharmacology
Abstract: A whey protein/guar gum preload reduces postprandial glycaemia in type 2 diabetes through slowing gastric emptying. However, gastric emptying has previously been assessed using a stable isotope breath test technique, which cannot discriminate between slowing of gastric emptying and small intestinal absorption. This preload also may be useful in the management of postprandial hypotension. We evaluated the effects of a whey protein/guar preload on gastric emptying, glucose absorption, glycaemic/insulinaemic and blood pressure (BP) responses to an oral glucose load. Eighteen healthy older participants underwent measurements of gastric emptying (scintigraphy), plasma glucose and insulin, glucose absorption, superior mesenteric artery (SMA) flow, BP and heart rate (HR) after ingesting a 50 g glucose drink, with or without the preload. The preload reduced plasma glucose ( p = 0.02) and serum 3-O-methylglucose (3-OMG) ( p = 0.003), and increased plasma insulin ( p = 0.03). There was no difference in gastric emptying or BP between the two days. The reduction in plasma glucose on the preload day was related to the reduction in glucose absorption (r = 0.71, p = 0.002). In conclusion, the glucose-lowering effect of the preload may relate to delayed small intestinal glucose absorption and insulin stimulation, rather than slowing of gastric emptying.
Published: 2019
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21. The prevalence and impact of low faecal elastase-1 in community-based patients with type 2 diabetes.

Author: Riceman MD, Bound M, Grivell J, Hatzinikolas S, Piotto S, Nguyen NQ, Jones KL, Horowitz M, Rayner CK, and Phillips LK
Subjects: Aged, Feces, Female, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology, Pancreatic Elastase metabolism
Abstract: Aims: To determine the prevalence of low faecal elastase-1 (FE-1) (≤200 μg/g) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and to test the hypothesis that pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) would reduce postprandial glycaemia after a high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal in T2DM subjects with low FE-1., Methods: Of 109 community-based patients who submitted stool samples, 10 had low FE-1 and 8 were recruited (6 male, 2 female, 67.8 ± 3.0 years). Participants were given a high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal (718 kcal) with either pancrelipase (50,000 units) or placebo in a randomised, double-blind, crossover fashion. The primary outcome was the difference in postprandial glycaemia following PERT vs placebo, as evaluated by the incremental area under the postprandial plasma glucose curve (iAUC). Secondary outcomes included differences in gastric half-emptying time (T50) measured using scintigraphy, and C-peptide iAUC., Results: The prevalence of low FE-1 in T2DM was 9.2% (95% CI 3.8-14.6%). There was no difference in postprandial glycaemia iAUC (P = 0.38), gastric emptying T50 (P = 0.69) or C-peptide iAUC (P = 0.25) after PERT compared to placebo., Conclusions: Decreased FE-1 has a relatively low prevalence in community-based patients with T2DM, and PERT does not reduce postprandial glycaemia in these patients., Clinical Trial Registration Number: ACTRN12617000349347., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2019
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22. Effects of lixisenatide on postprandial blood pressure, gastric emptying and glycaemia in healthy people and people with type 2 diabetes.

Author: Jones KL, Rigda RS, Buttfield MDM, Hatzinikolas S, Pham HT, Marathe CS, Wu T, Lange K, Trahair LG, Rayner CK, and Horowitz M
Subjects: Aged, Blood Glucose metabolism, Cross-Over Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 physiopathology, Double-Blind Method, Female, Healthy Volunteers, Heart Rate drug effects, Heart Rate physiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Peptides pharmacology, Placebos, Blood Glucose drug effects, Blood Pressure drug effects, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 drug therapy, Gastric Emptying drug effects, Peptides therapeutic use, Postprandial Period drug effects
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the effects of the prandial glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide on gastric emptying and blood pressure (BP) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) blood flow, and the glycaemic responses to a 75-g oral glucose load in healthy people and those with type 2 diabetes (T2DM)., Materials and Methods: Fifteen healthy participants (nine men, six women; mean ± SEM age 67.2 ± 2.3 years) and 15 participants with T2DM (nine men, six women; mean ± SEM age 61.9 ± 2.3 years) underwent measurement of gastric emptying, BP, SMA flow and plasma glucose 180 minutes after a radiolabelled 75-g glucose drink on two separate days. All participants received lixisenatide (10 μg subcutaneously) or placebo in a randomized, double-blind, crossover fashion 30 minutes before the glucose drink., Results: Lixisenatide slowed gastric emptying (retention at 120 minutes, P < 0.01), attenuated the rise in SMA flow (P < 0.01) and markedly attenuated the decrease in systolic BP (area under the curve [AUC] 0-120 minutes, P < 0.001) compared to placebo in healthy participants and those with T2DM. Plasma glucose (incremental AUC 0-120 minutes) was greater in participants with T2DM (P < 0.005) than in healthy participants, and lower after lixisenatide in both groups (P < 0.001)., Conclusions: In healthy participants and those with T2DM, the marked slowing of gastric emptying of glucose induced by lixisenatide was associated with attenuation of the increments in glycaemia and SMA flow and decrease in systolic BP. Accordingly, lixisenatide may be useful in the management of postprandial hypotension., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2019
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23. Postprandial hypotension in older survivors of critical illness.

Author: Nguyen TAN, Ali Abdelhamid Y, Weinel LM, Hatzinikolas S, Kar P, Summers MJ, Phillips LK, Horowitz M, Jones KL, and Deane AM
Subjects: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Hypotension physiopathology, Male, Pilot Projects, Risk Factors, Autonomic Nervous System physiopathology, Critical Illness rehabilitation, Gastric Emptying physiology, Hypotension etiology, Postprandial Period physiology, Survivors statistics & numerical data
Abstract: Purpose: In older people postprandial hypotension occurs frequently; and is an independent risk factor for falls, cardiovascular events, stroke and death. The primary aim of this pilot study was to estimate the frequency of postprandial hypotension and evaluate the mechanisms underlying this condition in older survivors of an Intensive Care Unit (ICU)., Materials and Methods: Thirty-five older (>65 years) survivors were studied 3 months after discharge. After an overnight fast, participants consumed a 300 mL drink containing 75 g glucose, labelled with 20 MBq 99m Tc-calcium phytate. Patients had concurrent measurements of blood pressure, heart rate, blood glucose and gastric emptying following drink ingestion. Proportion of participants is presented as percent (95% CI) and continuous variables as mean (SD)., Results: Postprandial hypotension was evident in 10 (29%; 95% CI 14-44), orthostatic hypotension in 2 (6%; 95% CI 0-13) and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in 2 (6%; 95% CI 0-13) participants. The maximal postprandial nadir for systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressures were -29 (14) mmHg and -18 (7) mmHg., Conclusions: In this cohort of older survivors of ICU postprandial hypotension occurred frequently . This suggests that postprandial hypotension is an unrecognised issue in older ICU survivors., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Published: 2018
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24. Effects of Substitution, and Adding of Carbohydrate and Fat to Whey-Protein on Energy Intake, Appetite, Gastric Emptying, Glucose, Insulin, Ghrelin, CCK and GLP-1 in Healthy Older Men-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: Giezenaar C, van der Burgh Y, Lange K, Hatzinikolas S, Hausken T, Jones KL, Horowitz M, Chapman I, and Soenen S
Subjects: Aged, Blood Glucose metabolism, Cholecystokinin blood, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, Ghrelin blood, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 blood, Humans, Insulin blood, Male, Appetite, Dietary Carbohydrates administration & dosage, Dietary Fats administration & dosage, Energy Intake, Gastric Emptying, Whey Proteins administration & dosage
Abstract: Protein-rich supplements are used widely for the management of malnutrition in the elderly. We reported previously that the suppression of energy intake by whey protein is less in older than younger adults. The aim was to determine the effects of substitution, and adding of carbohydrate and fat to whey protein, on ad libitum energy intake from a buffet meal (180-210 min), gastric emptying (3D-ultrasonography), plasma gut hormone concentrations (0-180 min) and appetite (visual analogue scales), in healthy older men. In a randomized, double-blind order, 13 older men (75 ± 2 years) ingested drinks (~450 mL) containing: (i) 70 g whey protein (280 kcal; 'P 280 '); (ii) 14 g protein, 28 g carbohydrate, 12.4 g fat (280 kcal; 'M 280 '); (iii) 70 g protein, 28 g carbohydrate, 12.4 g fat (504 kcal; 'M 504 '); or (iv) control (~2 kcal). The caloric drinks, compared to a control, did not suppress appetite or energy intake; there was an increase in total energy intake (drink + meal, p < 0.05), which was increased most by the M 504 -drink. P 280 - and M 504 -drink ingestion were associated with slower a gastric-emptying time ( n = 9), lower ghrelin, and higher cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) than M 280 ( p < 0.05). Glucose and insulin were increased most by the mixed-macronutrient drinks ( p < 0.05). In conclusion, energy intake was not suppressed, compared to a control, and particularly whey protein, affected gastric emptying and gut hormone responses., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Fonterra and the Royal Adelaide Hospital Research Foundation, did not have any input in the design, implementation, analysis or interpretation of the data.
Published: 2018
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25. Antecedent Hypoglycemia Does Not Attenuate the Acceleration of Gastric Emptying by Hypoglycemia.

Author: Kar P, Jones KL, Plummer MP, Ali Abdelhamid Y, Giersch EJ, Summers MJ, Hatzinikolas S, Heller S, Horowitz M, and Deane AM
Subjects: Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose physiology, Cross-Over Studies, Echocardiography, Heart physiopathology, Humans, Hypoglycemia complications, Hypoglycemia metabolism, Male, Recurrence, Single-Blind Method, South Australia, Time Factors, Young Adult, Gastric Emptying physiology, Hypoglycemia physiopathology
Abstract: Context: Acute hypoglycemia accelerates gastric emptying and increases cardiac contractility. However, antecedent hypoglycemia attenuates counterregulatory hormonal responses to subsequent hypoglycemia., Objective: To determine the effect of antecedent hypoglycemia on gastric and cardiac responses to subsequent hypoglycemia in health., Design: A prospective, single-blind, randomized, crossover study (performed at the Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia)., Patients: Ten healthy young men 18 to 35 years of age were studied for 36 hours on two occasions., Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to either antecedent hypoglycemia [three 45-minute periods of strict hypoglycemia (2.8 mmol/L] or control [three 45-minute periods of strict euglycemia (6 mmol/L)] during the initial 12-hour period. Participants were monitored overnight, and the following morning blood glucose was clamped at 2.8 mmol/L for 60 minutes and then at 6 mmol/L for 120 minutes. At least 6 weeks later participants returned for the alternative intervention. Gastric emptying and cardiac fractional shortening were measured with scintigraphy and two-dimensional echocardiography, respectively, on the morning of all 4 study days., Results: A single, acute episode of hypoglycemia accelerated gastric emptying (P = 0.01) and augmented fractional shortening (P < 0.01). Gastric emptying was unaffected by antecedent hypoglycemia (P = 0.74) whereas fractional shortening showed a trend to attenuation (P = 0.06). The adrenaline response was diminished (P < 0.05) by antecedent hypoglycemia., Conclusions: In health, the acceleration of gastric emptying during hypoglycemia is unaffected by antecedent hypoglycemia, whereas the increase in cardiac contractility may be attenuated., (Copyright © 2017 Endocrine Society)
Published: 2017
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25 results on '"Hatzinikolas S"'

1. ESICM LIVES 2016: part two: Milan, Italy. 1–5 October 2016

2. Autonomic function, postprandial hypotension and falls in older adults at one year after critical illness

3. The magnitude of acceleration of gastric emptying by acute hypoglycaemia in health is dependent on the level of hypoglycaemia

4. Effects of a guar/whey preload on gastric emptying and glycaemic responses to oral glucose in healthy older people

5. Acute effects of lixisenatide on intragastric meal distribution: impact on energy intake

6. Effect of exenatide once-weekly (QW) on gastric emptying in health: impact on glycaemia and glucose absorption

7. Intracerebral hemorrhage in ICU: is it worth treating?

8. ESICM LIVES 2016: part two

9. Autonomic function, postprandial hypotension and falls in older adults at one year after critical illness

10. Measurement of Gastric Emptying Using a 13C-octanoic Acid Breath Test with Wagner-Nelson Analysis and Scintigraphy in Type 2 Diabetes.

11. Acute Administration of the GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Lixisenatide Diminishes Postprandial Insulin Secretion in Healthy Subjects But Not in Type 2 Diabetes, Associated with Slowing of Gastric Emptying.

12. Effects of Standard vs Energy-Dense Formulae on Gastric Retention, Energy Delivery, and Glycemia in Critically Ill Patients.

13. Acceleration of Gastric Emptying by Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia is Dependent on the Degree of Hypoglycemia.

14. Acute Effects of Lixisenatide on Energy Intake in Healthy Subjects and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Relationship to Gastric Emptying and Intragastric Distribution.

15. Exenatide once weekly slows gastric emptying of solids and liquids in healthy, overweight people at steady-state concentrations.

16. Autonomic function, postprandial hypotension and falls in older adults at one year after critical illness.

17. Longitudinal Changes in the Blood Pressure Responses to, and Gastric Emptying of, an Oral Glucose Load in Healthy Older Subjects.

18. Effects of sitagliptin on gastric emptying of, and the glycaemic and blood pressure responses to, a carbohydrate meal in type 2 diabetes.

19. Longitudinal Changes in Fasting and Glucose-Stimulated GLP-1 and GIP in Healthy Older Subjects.

20. The Effects of a Whey Protein and Guar Gum-Containing Preload on Gastric Emptying, Glycaemia, Small Intestinal Absorption and Blood Pressure in Healthy Older Subjects.

21. The prevalence and impact of low faecal elastase-1 in community-based patients with type 2 diabetes.

22. Effects of lixisenatide on postprandial blood pressure, gastric emptying and glycaemia in healthy people and people with type 2 diabetes.

23. Postprandial hypotension in older survivors of critical illness.

24. Effects of Substitution, and Adding of Carbohydrate and Fat to Whey-Protein on Energy Intake, Appetite, Gastric Emptying, Glucose, Insulin, Ghrelin, CCK and GLP-1 in Healthy Older Men-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

25. Antecedent Hypoglycemia Does Not Attenuate the Acceleration of Gastric Emptying by Hypoglycemia.

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