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Background: One of the constrain in proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) conservation is gastrointestinal helminth (GH) infection. Here, we conducted a study to determine the prevalence of GHs in captive proboscis monkeys in Surabaya Zoo, Indonesia. Methods: Twenty fecal samples were collected from three groups (i.e., nursery cage [NC] [n = 1], communal show cage [SC] [n = 8], and free‐ranging colonies [FC] [n = 11]). The fecal samples have been examined through McMaster and sugar floatation techniques. Results: The total prevalence of GH infection was 85.00% (17/20). We confirmed infection of Trichuris sp., Ascaris sp., Strongyloides sp., and Hymenolepis nana with Trichuris eggs was dominant. Although the prevalence of infection was high, the number of eggs per gram (epg) was low. Conclusion: GH infection in captive proboscis monkeys in Surabaya Zoo, Indonesia, is highly prevalent. These results were useful for future research, control, and prevention of zoonotic potency purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fasciolosis is a disease caused by the genus Fasciola which attacks wild animals, livestock and humans. Molecular characterization of Fasciola sp. important for identifying the species Fasciola sp. The aim of this research was to analyze the characteristics of the worm Fasciola sp. molecularly on samples of cattle slaughtered at the Kediri City Slaughterhouse Regional Technical Implementation Unit. This research was carried out from January to February 2023. The samples were adult worms Fasciola sp. taken from one beef cattle and one dairy cattle. The PCR used is conventional PCR with primers from mitochondrial DNA genes. PCR products are passed to the sequencing stage. The PCR test results read on 2% agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the PCR product had high specificity, namely forming a single band at position 752 bp showed positive for F. gigantica. the results of the phylogenetic tree of Fasciola sp. with data in GenBank showing Fasciola sp. beef and dairy cattle isolates in Kediri City are closely related to Fasciola sp. dairy cattle isolate from China with Accession Number KF543343.1 and Fasciola sp. long-haired cattle (yak) isolate from China Accession Number MH621335.1. The existence of international livestock trade can result in the introduction of various diseases, one of which is Fasciolosis. Livestock import-export activities from China allow the introduction of Fasciola sp. to Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to identify ectoparasites and to determine the prevalence and infestation patterns of ectoparasites that attack the MP hybrid type culled ducks in Gedang Hamlet, Modopuro Village, Mojosari District, Mojokerto Regency. This study used 100 samples of culled MP hybrid laying ducks. The obtained ectoparasites were identified at the division of parasitology labaroratory, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, using the permanent mounting method without staining and viewed using a microscope with 40-100x magnification. This study found 71 samples positively infested with ectoparasites out of 100 samples of culled MP hybrid ducks examined with (prevalence of 71%). The types of ectoparasites found in this study were Menacanthus stramineus (25%), Menopon gallinae (9%), and Anaticola crassicornis (59%). Correspondence analysis test was conducted to show the pattern of infestation of the ectoparasites. The head-neck region was infested by M. stramineus and M. gallinae, while the back, wings, abdomen and tail regions were infested by A. crassicornis. A. crassicornis mostly attacked the MP hybrid type of culled laying ducks on the wings, compared to the back, abdomen and tail. A. crassicornis is an ectoparasite that is typical for the wing region, while M. gallinae and M. stramineus are ectoparasites that are typical for the head-neck region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pigeon meat is an alternative option to other poultry meat such as chickens. As pigeons are easy to keep and quickly reproduce. Improper hygiene practices are a strong factor in helminthiasis transmission. This study aims to know the prevalence and degree of infection of helminthiasis in North Surabaya. Seventy samples taken from pigeon butchers in North Surabaya from September to November 2022. Dissection of pigeon done for prevalence rate count and modified McMaster method used to count degree of infection. The result shown that 70% of samples had positive worm infection. Types of worms found were R. cesticillus (55.7%), Ascaridia sp. (25.7%), Capillaria sp. (14.2%), Echinostoma sp. (2.8%) and Heterakis sp. (1.4%). Qualitative examination shown helminthiasis was more prevalent in adult pigeon than in squab, but analysis with Chi-square test shown no significant association between helminthiasis infection and age of the pigeons (P>0.05). Likely because of direct contact and interaction between squab and adult. Quantitative examination with McMaster method shown degree of infection of single Ascaridia infection in adult pigeons was 340 EPG while in Capillaria sp. was 287.5 EPG and 150 EPG in Heterakis. All of them considered mild infection according to Soulsby (1986). Thus, proper loft and feed hygiene should applied to prevent more transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identify the type of ectoparasite prevalence and infestation pattern of ectoparasite on Dabung duck in Bangkalan district Madura. This research conducted from February to April 2022 with sample of 55 heads and identified using the permanent mounting method without staining in Parasitology Laboratory of the Veterinary Parasitology Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya. This research was survey and cross sectional studies. The type of ectoparasite that attacked 55 heads of Dabung duck in Geger subdistrict, Dabung village and Galis subdistrict, Pekaan Dajah village were Menacanthus stramineus, Menopon gallinae, Lipeurus caponis with a prevalence of 100%. The analysis results of infestation pattern of ectoparasite infestation on Dabung ducks used observed on the body regions of Dabung ducks in Geger subdistrict, Dabung village showed that M. stramineus ticks on chest, M. gallinae in head neck and L. caponis in wing. Burneh subdistrict, Burneh village found M. stramineus in abdomen, M. gallinae in head-neck, and L. caponis in wing. Galis subdistrict, Pakaan Dajah village showed that M stramineus lice in head-neck, L. caponis in wing and M. gallinae in spine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify intestinal worms in culled layer hen sold at Wonokromo Market, Surabaya. 100 samples purchased from five traders at Wonokromo Market. The digestive tract taken for worm examinination. The manure observed for the presence of worm eggs. Manure examination using native, sedimentation and flotation methods. 85% of the chicken samples infected by worms. The indicated types of worms were Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Raillietina tetragona and Mediorhynchus gallinarum. A. galli, H. Gallinarum and Raillietina sp eggs found in the manure. The hen could be infected by single worm, or mixture of two and three worms. Single worm infection was 41%, mixed infection of two worm species was 23% and mixed infection of three worm species was 21%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study determine the prevalence and protozoa infection degree of gastrointestinal in stray cats at Public Health Center and Traditional Market of Madiun City. 80 fecal sample collected. Fecal samples examined with direct smear, sedimentation, and floatation method. Positive samples calculated using the Lucient-Brumpt method. The result of the examination in Public Health Center showed that 37,5% stray cat infected by Isospora sp., Entamoeba sp., and Cryptosporidium sp., with 1167.33a±168.373 infection degree. The examination result in Traditional Market showed that 62,5% stray cat infected by Isospora sp., Entamoeba sp., and Cryptosporidium sp., with 1186.00a±148.577 infection degree. The result of Chi Square analysis obtained p<0,05 indicated that there were significant differences between stray cat including faecal collection location, age, type of cat and faecal condition. The result of Kruskal Wallis analysis of the degree infection obtained p>0,05 indicated that there were no significant differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the effect of the administration of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves on the number of spermatogenic and Leydig cells of gentamicin-induced rats (Rattus norvegicus). This study used 25 white male rats divided randomly into five groups. The rats were injected with Gentamicin 5 mg/kg bw/day subcutaneously for 14 days, except for the negative control group (NCG). During the next 14 days, the rats were given oral moringa leaf extract of 200, 316, and 500 mg/kg bw/day respectively for E200, E316, and E500 groups. The data were analyzed with oneway ANOVA followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that the number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids in NCG was higher (p <0.05) than in the other groups. The number of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids in the E316 group was higher (p <0.05) than in PCG. The number of spermatogonia in the E500 group was higher (p <0.05) than in the E316 group, but the number of spermatocytes and spermatids in the E316 group was similar (p >0.05) to the E500 group. The number of PCG Leydig cells was the smallest (p <0.05) compared to the other groups. The administration of Moringa leaves extract in the E200 and E316 groups increased (p <0.05) the number of Leydig cells compared to PCG. The number of Leydig PCG cells in the E500 group was not significantly different (p >0.05) from that of the NCG. It could be concluded that administration of Moringa oleifera leaves extract restored the number of spermatogenic and Leydig cells of gentamicin-induced rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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