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The current research intends to design and develop the simulation-based multi-criteria optimization (MCO) of the indirect-expansion solar-assisted heat pump (IX-SAHP) used to supply sustainable warm water for buildings. The developed IX-SAHP is verified and its performance is studied in the temperate climate of Iran every month of the year. The parametric analysis (PA) is performed using one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT) approach to analyze the impacts of input variables of the IX-SAHP on the system performance. Furthermore, the single and multi-objective particle swarm optimizations (MOPSO) are integrated with the designed IX-SAHP to maximize the coefficient of performance (COP) and the solar collector efficiency (SCE), independently and concurrently to study the trade-off in the COP and SCE of the system, to achieve the optimal non-dominated solutions in the form of Prato front, and to define the optimal configuration and operating parameters of the system. Eventually, the final optimum configuration is chosen through the Analytic Network Process (ANP) multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method integrated with the MOPSO algorithm using MatLab coupling functions. The comparison of achieved optimum solutions indicates that the MCO scheme provides better comprehensive performance, more appropriate and reliable solutions in comparison with the single-criterion optimization (SCO) schemes. The results of the MCO process indicate that whereas the SCE relatively lessens from 52% to 47%, the COP enhances considerably from 3 to 7 in comparison with the baseline design so that the total operating hour of the optimized IX-SAHP lessens close to 282 h throughout the year that leads to considerable lessening of the total power consumption of the system. This study demonstrates the importance of MCO, OVAT, and MCDMs in the design stages of energy systems to maximize the performance and minimize power consumption of the system.

The aim of this study was to remove palladium ions from aqueous media in a batch operating system. A newly synthesized magnetic Fe3O4/SiO2/OPPh2 (diphenylphosphinite) nanocomposite was used as the adsorbent. This nanocomposite was examined by Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The factors that influence the adsorption equilibrium were examined, such as pH value, adsorbent dosage, metal concentration, adsorption time, temperature, influence of desorption solutions, concentration of the desorption solution and the influence of the ions present at the same time, namely Cd2 +, Ni2 +, Ca2 +, Co2 +, Fe3 +, Ba2 + and Pt4 + were determined based on the adsorbent used (Fe3O4 / SiO2 / OPPh2). Under optimal conditions and at the same concentrations, the interfering ions have only a very slight influence on the Pd (II) uptake. It was found that the fit isotherm is the Fritz-Schlunder model. The best possible model was determined in advance on the basis of seven error functions. Thermodynamic parameters indicate the endothermic, irreversible and non-spontaneous nature of the adsorption.

A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the performance of burningbush (Kochia scoparia (L.) Schard) and maize (Zea mays L.) in removal of hydrocarbons from soils contaminated with different levels of gasoline. Plants’ capability to grow in gasoline-spiked soils was also evaluated. Additionally, peat fertilizer applied to selected treatments to identify the role of organic amendment of soil on plant growth and remediation potential in contaminated soil. Both studied plant species were found to tolerate gasoline contamination up to the highest applied concentration, i.e., 10,000 mg/kg; however, seedling emergence and subsequent growth were affected in the presence of various levels gasoline in soil. Germination, biomass and root length of burningbush and maize significantly decreased in the presence of higher levels of gasoline (P

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of leading indicators for occupational health and safety, particularly safety inspections and non-compliances, with safety climate levels. Methods Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Assessment Questionnaire was employed to evaluate safety climate in cross-sectional design. The geographically diverse population of the inspection body made it possible to conduct the survey across 10 provinces in Iran. 89 completed questionnaires were obtained with a response rate of 47%. Except for management safety justice, the internal consistency of other six dimensions was found to be acceptable (α ≥ 0.7). Results Mean scores of dimensions ranged from 3.50 in trust in the efficacy of safety systems (SD = 0.38) to 2.98 in workers' safety priority and risk non-acceptance (SD = 0.47). Tukey HSD tests indicated a statistically significant difference of mean scores among groups undergoing different number of safety inspections and those receiving different number of non-compliances (p 0.05). Spearman's rank-order correlation showed no relationship between work experience and number of non-compliances (correlation coefficient = − 0.04, p > 0.05) and between safety training man-hours and number of non-compliances (correlation coefficient = − 0.15, p > 0.05). Conclusions Our results indicate that safety climate levels are influenced by number of safety inspections and the resultant non-compliances. Practical applications Findings suggest that safety non-compliances detected as a result of conducting safety inspections could be used to monitor the safety climate state. Establishing plans to conduct scheduled safety inspections and recording findings in the form of safety non-compliance and monitoring their trend could be used to monitor levels of safety climate.

Industrial ecology and models such as material flow analysis make operational approaches in order to reuse produced waste as primary resources in other industrial units. In this study, using these concepts and the material flow model, the waste flow network between some of the units in Ghazvin industrial estate have been analyzed. 38 industrial units from the total 220 active units in the estate were visited and quantitative and qualitative information regarding the production process of the plant, waste production, and primary resource consumption was collected. According to the flow model being considered at the estate, a trade plan for 6 types of waste in the estate was presented. In total, 341.6 tons which equals 38% of the produced waste in these industrial units is reusable in this complex. To follow economic analysis in the raw waste, economic value stage was carried out which lead to a 1.43 million US dollar annual income and 256 thousand dollar saving in the loading and transport area. Finally, topics such as database, clustering, and location of industry in this estate were analyzed and discussed based on industrial ecology concepts.

Background: Determining the factors that have an important role in increasing the severity of accidents is important to reduce or eliminate mortality and severity of injuries caused by accidents. According to the World Health Organization, the mortality rate in Iran is 32.1 per 100,000 population. Which is much higher than the population of 8.7 per 100,000 people, compared with other high-income countries. Methods: In this study road variables, environmental and climate variables, and vehicle types for four years (1394-1391) were selected accident data of Tabriz-Ahar road for review. The severity of crashes was classified into three levels include fatal, injured and PDO. In this study, multinomial logistic regression method was used to determine the probability and predict the severity of accidents. Results: The results showed that in the case of injured crashes compared with PDO, rainy weather (OR = 0.028), intersections (OR = 0.044) increase the severity of accidents. Also, in the case of fatal accidents compare with PDO, Driving during the night (OR = 0.005), intersections (OR = 2.24) and increase in heavy vehicles on the road (OR = 4.31) increase the severity of fatal accidents. Conclusions: The results of this study show that the multinomial logistic regression model offers a promising approach to predict the severity of accidents in future studies. According to the results, all the significant factors mentioned above should be improved. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the severity of accidents by taking measures such as development Grade separation intersections at black spots and also increasing the number of lane and separating the slow lane from overtaking lane on this road. Keywords: Crash severity, Logistic Regression, Road Safety, Crash modelling

Background: Reliable methods are crucial to cope with uncertainties in the risk analysis process. The aim of this study is to develop an integrated approach to assessing risks of benzene in the petrochemical plant that produces benzene. We offer an integrated system to contribute imprecise variables into the health risk calculation. Methods: The project was conducted in Asaluyeh, southern Iran during the years from 2013 to 2014. Integrated method includes fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks. Each technique had specific computational properties. Fuzzy logic was used for estimation of absorption rate. Artificial neural networks can decrease the noise of the data so applied for prediction of benzene concentration. First, the actual exposure was calculated then it combined with Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) toxicity factors to assess real health risks. Results: High correlation between the measured and predicted benzene concentration was achieved (R2= 0.941). As for variable distribution, the best estimation of risk in a population implied 33% of workers exposed less than 1×10−5 and 67% inserted between 1.0×10−5 to 9.8×10−5 risk levels. The average estimated risk of exposure to benzene for entire work zones is equal to 2.4×10−5, ranging from 1.5×10−6 to 6.9×10−5. Conclusion: The integrated model is highly flexible as well as the rules possibly will be changed according to the necessities of the user in a different circumstance. The measured exposures can be duplicated well through proposed model and realistic risk assessment data will be produced.

Industrial development has lead to higher energy consumption, emission of greenhouse gases, as well as air pollutants. Cement factories play an important role in over all greenhouse emissions. This study aims to investigate the role of Iranian cement industries and their contribution of greenhouse gases contribution. The measured emission factors for oil and fuel gas shows that carbon dioxide contribution from fuel oil based cement industries is almost 2.7 times higher than gas based cement factories. The strength, weakness, opportunity and threat technique analysis showed that the best strategy to combat greenhouse gases from Iranian cement factory is to implement energy efficiency measures. Further, strategic position and action evaluation matrix analysis indicates that Iranian cement industries fall within invasive category. Therefore, exploitation of opportunities must carefully be used. One of these opportunities is the utilization of financial assistance provided by clean development mechanism. The results show that replacement of ball mills with vertical roller mill can reduce the electricity consumption from 44.6 to 28 kWh/ton. As a result of such substitution about 720 million kWh/y of electricity would be saved (almost a power plant of 125 MW capacities). Though implementation of new mills may not be economic for the cement industries' owner, but the overall gain for the government of Iran will be about US$ 304 million. If the duration of such efficiency measure is considered as about 12 y, then the overall CO 2 reduction/phase-out would be around 4.3 million tons.

Sungun mine is the largest open-cast copper mine in northwest of Iran and is in the primary stages of extraction. The influence of mining activity on the quality of regional groundwater has been taken in to consideration in this study. Accordingly, sampling was done from 22 springs in the study area. The concentrations of major anions and cations as well as Al, Cu, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, and Zn were determined for all 22 spring samples in mid-August 2005. The results showed that the concentrations of most of these elements were below the USA Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limits; however, Al and Fe concentrations are considered to be more than limits in a couple of samples. Despite the fact that geological formations are highly weathered and fractured, the dissolution of minerals within the study area is low. This may be justified by the relatively high alkalinity of local underground water which keeps metals in solid phase and does not let them enter dissolved phase. Additionally, this may be attributed to the high velocity of groundwater flows, which do not give enough time for minerals to dissolve. Correlation coefficients among water chemistry components were determined and the weighted-pair group method was chosen for cluster analysis. Accordingly, high correlation among Al, Fe and Cr, Cd ,and Cu, sodium absorption ratio (SAR) and Na as well as total hardness (TH), Ca, and Mg were observed. The chemical characteristics of water compositions on the basis of major ion concentrations were evaluated on a Schoeller and Piper diagram. Accordingly, the dominant type of water in the region is considered to be Ca-HCO3 (calcium-bicarbonate type). However, this type of water is also rich in Na, K, and especially Mg. Regarding Schoeller diagram, the current status of local underground water is good for drinking purposes. By commencing mining excavation with designed capacity in near future, the minerals will come into contact with air and water resulting in dissolution, especially in ponds, which, in turn, will increase the concentration of toxic metals in groundwater. Considering future uses of this water including for drinking, irrigation, industrial purposes, etc., precautions must be taken in to consideration.

In order to evaluate the feasibility of implementation of horizontal-flow roughing filtration for drinking water treatment a pilot was designed and run at the bank of Zayandehroud river near the village of Chamkhalifeh. Pilot running was performed in summer 2003 (July, August and September), when the quality of river water was in relatively worst condition. The filter is comprised from three different parts which are separated with perforated baffles. Each compartment is filled with some local sand and gravel considering a special decreasing size regime. The overall function of the filter in removing turbidity and total suspended solids is acceptable. Additionally, iron, manganese and color and coliform removal are also been covered to some extent. Achieved results in this study shows that horizontal-flow roughing filtration may be considered as a packed, low-cost and efficient pretreatment process incase surface water is used as water supply for treatment. Furthermore, when small scale societies are considered and when no major pollutants exist in the water supply as the case in this study_ this system may be posed as a total treatment system, in which treated water exited from the filter may be sent to distribution network after a simple post chlorination.

Aras water basin is located in northwest of Iran. Sungun mine which is the largest open-cast copper mine of Iran is located in this region and is in the primary stages of extraction. The influence of mining activity on the quality of regional surface water has been taken in to consideration in this study. Accordingly, sampling was done from 5 local streams in the study area. In order to consider the effect of flow quantity on the amount of different parameters, sampling was done in July and November 2005 when the local streams had the minimum and maximum flow rate respectively. The concentrations of major anions and cations as well as As, Mo, Al, Cu, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn and Zn were determined. The results showed that the concentrations of metallic ions like aluminum, chromium, copper, manganese, molybdenum and iron in samples collected in July are above USEPA (Environmental Protection Agency) limits; however, mentioned concentrations are lessened remarkably in the samples collected in November. This fact is justified considering dilution of ions concentration via more amount of water in November. The chemical characteristics of water compositions on the basis of major ion concentrations were evaluated on a Schoeller and Piper diagram. Accordingly, the dominant type of water in July and November is considered to be Ca-HCO3 (calcium-bicarbonate type). Regarding Schoeller diagram, despite relatively high concentration of calcium, the current status of local surface water is acceptable for drinking purposes. By commencing mining excavation with designed capacity in near future, the minerals will come in to contact with air and water resulting in dissolution, especially in ponds, which, in turn, increases the concentration of heavy metals in surface water. Considering consequent uses of this water including drinking, irrigation, industrial, etc. precautions must be taken in to consideration.

Background: Fatigue, which interferes with one’s physical and mental operation, resulting in strength reduction and weakness, is considered one of the most important issues in the workplace. In addition, it can cause diseases, occupational accidents, and a reduction in an individual’s efficiency. The aforementioned effects can be aggravated by fatigue in shift workers who experience sleep disturbance. The aim of this study was to investigate fatigue and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) among workers of a gas transmission industry in 2013. Methods: This descriptive analytical study was conducted among 300 workers of the aforementioned industry and required data was collected via the face-to-face survey method and questionnaires. Data analysis was done with the following techniques: Mann-Whitney, variance analysis test, independent t-test, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman’s correlation test, and chi square test. Results: The highest fatigue scores among fixed-dayshift and rotating-shift workers were 6 and 7, respectively, and the fatigue level for both groups was 4. The average of all symptoms associated with fatigue and the total score on the Insomnia Severity Index in rotating-shift workers were higher than for dayshift workers and there was a significant difference between them (P=0.001). Lack of concentration, exhaustion, and fatigue during work were the most common symptoms of fatigue among the aforementioned shift workers in this evaluation. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the level of fatigue and severity of insomnia among workers of this gas transmission industry is very high. Since this can lead to occupational accidents and efficiency reduction, it is necessary to provide workers with opportunities such as short breaks during working hours, rest and exercise during work, paying adequate attention to the workers’ human needs, and improving work systems.

Systematic industrial waste management is one of an important issue due to high environmental risks caused by improper waste disposal. Hence, present research was conducted to investigate environmental aspects of optimal disposal and management methods of industrial waste of Toos industrial estate in Mashhad. In this work, one of the environmental impact assessment methods called Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) was applied. Thus, various disposal options such as open dumping, sanitary landfill, gasification and incineration from the viewpoint of the physical, chemical, biological, ecological, cultural and social, economical and environmental aspects were evaluated. All of these aspects were compared due to selection of disposal methods through application of RIAM technique. The obtained results showed that sanitary landfill led to more beneficial effects than the other four mentioned options. Therefore, the best method of choice in compare to other options for waste management in the industrial estate of Toos, Mashhad was selected.

Nowadays, due to increasing the waste generation around the world assessing the adverse effects such as environmental issues is becoming a matter of focus. Moreover, solid waste management systems are known as one of main PM10 sources. However, various disposal methods have interesting relations with the PM10 production. In this study, different scenarios of solid waste management for municipal waste of Tehran are selected to assess the effects of PM10 on the human health in the nearby region (radius of 50 km). Hence, based on the life cycle assessment of the generated waste the production amounts of PM10 for four chosen scenarios are calculated. In the next step, with the application of Riskpoll model the cost damage of 12 illnesses are evaluated. Finally, due to the results scenario four with the combination of 70% composting plus 22% incineration and land filling (8% plus the residues) leads to the less damage cost on human health rather than the other scenarios. In addition, mortality YOLL, Chronic Bronchitis and restricted activity days have the major proportion of adverse effects in the 12 evaluated illnesses.

A new chelating resin was prepared by coupling Amberlite XAD-4 with alizarin red-s through an azo spacer, characterized by infra-red spectroscopy and thermal analysis and studied for Rh(III) preconcentration using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) for rhodium monitoring in the environment. The optimum pH for sorption of the metal ion was 6.5. The sorption capacity was found 2.1 mg/g of resin for Rh(III). A recovery of 88% was obtained for the metal ion with 1.5 M HCl as eluting agent. Kinetic adsorption data were analyzed by adsorption and desorption times of Rh(III) on modified resin. Scat chard analysis revealed that the homogeneous binding sites were formed in the polymers. The linear regression equation was Q/C = –1.3169Q + 27.222 (R2 = 0.9239), for Rh were formed in the SPE sorbent,Kd and Qmax for the affinity binding sites were calculated to be 0.76 μmol/mL and 20.67 μmol/g, respectively. The equilibrium data and parameters of Rh(III) adsorption on modified resin were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich–Peterson models. The experimental adsorption isotherm was in good concordance with Langmuir and Freundlich models (R2 > 0.998) and based on the Langmuir isotherm the maximum amount of adsorption (qmax) was 4.842 mg/g. The method was applied for rhodium ions determination in environmental samples. with high recovery (>80%).

Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the environmental impact of solid waste in Iran. Consequently, solid waste management has become a remarkably important issue. Solid waste comprises a wide range of materials and comes from a variety of sources. Having a population of about 10 million (about 1/7 of Iran's total population), Tehran is among the most populated capitals in the world. With 22 different districts, this city generates approximately 7,000 metric tons of municipal waste per day that culminates in a total of 2.5 million tons annually. If no reduction strategy on the waste stream is implemented, this huge amount of waste will be buried in Kahrizak (the exclusive landfill site of Tehran). Land and underground water resource degradation in the vicinity of the landfill site-as well as disease outbreaks in the area surrounding the site may be considered alarming warnings for further catastrophic consequences of uncontrolled waste dumping. In this study, the composition of Tehran's solid wastes is analyzed. In order to physically analyze waste generated, waste sampling was carried out by trained workers of the Tehran organization of waste recycling and compost in 2004 for 10 successive days in the middle of each of four seasons. As a result of the study, some practical recommendations are made to reduce the waste stream load directed toward the land. Furthermore, this study evaluated people's concern about the fate of the waste they generate. According to the data collected in a survey, citizens' participation is not remarkably high, but even the modest cooperation recorded may cause a great benefit if extrapolated to the whole city. By virtue of sharp decreases in the cost of total waste collection and transport, as well as the benefits of land and underground water resource preservation, separation of wastes at their source by individual households makes economic sense.

Iran is one of 27 countries that are likely to face increasing water shortage crises between now and 2025 unless action is taken to reduce currently high-per-capita urban water consumption. Accordingly, consumption control in the mega-city of Tehran will be an invaluable achievement. A study of Tehran water consumers has determined that household consumers are responsible for 70 percent of the total consumption. Keeping that figure in mind, the authors set out to assess rates of consumption by water fixtures, with an emphasis on household users, and to examine the effects of installing subcounters and reducers. They selected an apartment complex in which it was possible to install water subcounters for each unit. The first step was to evaluate resident attitudes. Block 3, which had 10 units, was selected to cooperate with the project. The second step was to install counters for all 10 units to determine consumption by different fixtures. (The counters were installed in kitchens, in bathrooms, on toilets, on washing machines, and on flash tanks). In the next step, data entry forms for fixture consumption were completed for a period of 10 days. Then single-handle faucets and reducers were installed, and the outcomes were logged for a period of 10 days. Counter readings were performed by the volunteer residents or by educated personnel every 24 hours, and the total volume of inside consumption was compared with the consumption registered by a base counter placed outside each unit. In the course of the project, the consumption per capita was calculated every 24 hours to yield a real and unbiased model that is applicable to city of Tehran. The results showed a total reduction in water consumption of about 20 percent. Thus, with suitable planning and application of cultural and technical methods, it is possible to optimize consumption in Tehran in the near future.

The Caspian region (including the Golestan, Mazandaran, and Guilan provinces of Iran) occupies 58,678 square kilometers (22,651 square miles) and has a population of 6,270,192, according to the census of 1996. This part of Iran is attractive to tourists because of its proximity to the Caspian Sea. In addition, the region boasts invaluable forests and grasslands, and is the exclusive producer in the country of key agricultural crops like rice and tea. The lack of systematic solid waste management has put this region on the edge of irreparable environmental damage. The large number and dispersion of open-dumping landfills, as well as the faded role of functional elements like waste minimization and processing, have sped up the environmental deterioration. This article evaluates the current status of solid waste management in the Caspian region and suggests practical alternatives. As a result of a field and desk study, the authors offer some instructions for separation of putrescibles, paper and cardboard, plastics, and so forth. Finally, after considering all aspects of the environmental impact assessments for different alternatives, the authors recommend the construction of two compost-producing facilities in Golestan province with a combined capacity of 500 metric tons per day and a total cost of $60,000, and four incineration sites in southern and southwestern parts of the region (Mazandaran and Guilan provinces) with a total capacity of 2,000 metric tons per day and total cost of $75 million.

To determine the most appropriate composting process in an active municipal solid waste system, an experiment was carried out using a nested design method with three aeration rates. During each aeration rate, parameters such as temperature, pH, EC, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, NO(3)-N, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous were measured and the efficiency of different composting processes was evaluated. The result of this study showed that the lower and medium aeration rates had a significant impact on nitrogen, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and temperature profile, while higher aeration rates led to higher EC values. Furthermore, the thermophilic phase lasted 13, 9 and 4 weeks for the aeration rates of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.9 L min(-1)kg(-1), respectively. Accordingly, it was concluded that starting at a rate of 0.6 L min(-1)kg(-1) during first 2 months (about 9 weeks) of the process and continuing at a rate of 0.4 L min(-1)kg(-1)until the end of composting process would result in lower energy consumption.

Introduction: A quarter of the world's population experience one-hour change of time twice a year (due to daylight saving time or DST). Disruptions in the circadian rhythm may have harmful impacts on health. Circadian rhythm disruptions caused by changed biological clock lead to a change in sleep quality and length, which might result in accidents due to fatigue, headache, and loss of care and consciousness. Through transitions into and out of DST plan, the environmental and social clock change biannually. According to the review of literature, transition into and out of DST plan disrupts balance in circadian rhythm and may lead to sleep disruptions. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the effect of DST plan on the occupational accidents experienced by the workers in Mines and Mining Industries Development and Renovation of Organization in the months before and after DST transition. Materials and Methods: In this survey, using the databank of Iran's Organization for Development and Renovation of Mines and Mining Industries, we analyzed all occupational accidents during 9 years, from 2003 to 2011 in the months before (21 st February-20 th March and 23 rd August-22 nd September) and after DST (21 st March-21 st April and 23 rd September-23 rd October). Moreover, the year 2006 in which DST was not implemented in Iran was compared with other years. Results: The results yielded through statistical tests suggested that the number of occupational accidents had no significant increase in the months before and after DST during these 9 years, and there was no significant difference between 2006, when DST did not occur in Iran, and other years (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The study findings reveal that DST experienced by the workers at industrial factories, the risk of accidents and that of occurrence of severe occupational accidents do not significantly increase.

A chelating resin is prepared by condensation polymerization of aniline with formaldehyde and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis and studied for the preconcentration and determination of trace Molybdate ion from environmental water sample using inductive couple plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The optimum pH value for sorption of the metal ion was 5. The sorption capacity of functionalized resin is 3.1 mg/g. The chelating sorbent can be reused for 20 cycles of sorption-desorption without any significant change in sorption capacity. The best desorption of the metal ions from resin was obtained by 0.5 mol/L nitric acid as eluting agent. The profile of molybdenum uptake on this sorbent reflects good accessibility of the chelating sites in the aniline-formaldehyde. Scatchard analysis revealed that the homogeneous binding sites were formed in the polymers. The equilibrium adsorption data of Molybdate ion modified resin were analyzed by five isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. Langmuir isotherm parameters obtained from the four Langmuir linear equations by using linear method. Based on the Langmuir isotherm analysis, the monolayer adsorption capacity was determined to be 4.03 mg/g at 20 °C. The method was applied for molybdenum ions determination from river water sample.