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This research aimed to assess the economic and environmental impacts of aquaculture activities in Egypt. And Analysis of the economic and environmental benefits of best fish farming practices, And evaluate the ability of these projects to be sustainable with the economic changes and environmental impacts from these practices, and to achieve this goal, the Descriptive and analytical approach was used and Cost-benefit analysis in the economic evaluation of the activity, and the potential environmental impacts of the existing aquaculture activities, and the impact of the expansion of fish farming activities on the surrounding environment. The results indicated that fish farming activity in Egypt has become one of the most important sources of national income and influences the gross domestic product, in addition to the expansion of best practices in farming, which will contribute to providing greater opportunities along the value chain. The results also indicated that the expand in the intensive system led to the reduction of negative environmental impacts, and the maximization of the economic return by increasing production, as well as maximizing the return from the water unit, as it depends on recycling water, as it is the best system , especially with lack of water resources. The most important research recommendations are: Encouraging the planned expansion ofaquaculture activities, to development national economy, provide greater job opportunities during the stages of the value chain, contribute to reducing the imports from fish production, and provide a sustainable supply of food to cover the gap between local production and demand for fish. Encouraging the injection of new investments, by providing facilities, represented by insurance for aquaculture activities , providing loans and necessary credit especially for young people in order to be able to enter this field, providing a database for new investors, to facilitate the investment decision and overcome All obstacles to starting the implementation of the project. Encouraging expanding in intensive aquaculture systems, in order to achieve greater economic return and positive effects on the surrounding environment. The aquaculture activity strongly needs continuous follow-up of the latest farming methods, the environmental assessment of the project at close intervals, and the provision of training and guidance from the concerned authorities for all farmers, to make them aware of the importance of the environmental dimension.

Wheat is becoming increasingly important because it is one of the most Important cereal crops and a basic source to individual food. Productive and economic indicators of wheat production in Egypt the total costs , net return and farm price was studied. An increase was recorded in the cultivated area in Egypt, where the growth rate was 2.6%, and there was no significant increase in productivity, while the cultivated area grew by 2.5%. The results showed that there was an increase in the cost growth rate, with a growth rate of 9.9% and net profit growth of 12%, and the farm price reached of 10%. The main factors influencing supply response to wheat crop in Egypt were studied. The increase in cultivated area in the previous year (reflecting the customs and traditions of the farmers) by 10,000 acres leads to an increase of the current cultivated area of 3.3 thousand acres and the increase in the agricultural price by 10% The increase in the percentage of net yield per feddan of wheat compared to the yield of clover by 1% leads to an increase in cultivated area by 9.21 thousand acres . The significance of the model as a whole has been statistically significant. The value of the modified limiting factor indicates that about 87% of the changes in the cultivated area of wheat are due to the change in the explanatory variables

Field experiments were conducted in 2015 – 2016 winter season, at wadi El- Raml area. Wadi El – Raml is located southwest, Mersa Matruh city, Egypt. Slope of the experimental site is about 5 percent in south – north direction. The treatments were as follows: Bare soil, traditional cultivation without soil conditioners, cultivation with Ceramic conditioner at rate of 20, 40, and 80 t.fed-1, cultivation with bokashi conditioner at rate of 20, 40, and 80 t.fed-1 and coal ash conditioner at rate of 20, 40, and 80 t.fed-1. The total number of treatments was 11. Each treatment was replicated 3 times. The soil conditioners was added on the soil surface after carrying out tillage operation and then mixed with the soil surface layer. Thirty-three bounded plots having edges of soil with approximately 20 cm height were used to determine soil loss associated with runoff. Each plot was 21 m length and 2 m width. At the down slope end, Gerlash trough were placed, 0.5 m long and 0.2 m wide, closed at the sides and covered with movable lid. An outlet pipe extended from the base of the gutter to the collection containers present below the soil surface. Rainfall amounts, duration, and intensity were measured for every rainstorm with an automatic rain gauge at the site of experiment. The amount of soil loss and runoff water for every rainstorm was determined by maintaining the containers undisturbed for a sufficient time, so that, the solid constituents in the runoff water could precipitate. The precipitated solids were collected and measured gravimetrically after drying at 105°C overnight. Soils of wadi El Raml are mainly sandy loam in texture with deep soil profile. The climatic conditions of the area is defined as arid Mediterranean type, it is characterized by short rainy seasons during October to March. About 75 percent of the total annual rainfall as recorded from November to February. The remaining period of the year is characterized by long dry season (6-7months), except for few rainy storms in April, May and September. The average annual rainfall is 175.4mm. the effective storms were sex storms the runoff coefficient of 3% seams reassemble. However, the lowest runoff yield was obtained when adding Bokashi conditioner with rate of 80 t.fed-1 under all storms,). It is clear that runoff values associated with bare soil were higher than those for the soil treated by non-traditional soil conditioners. From another point, Ceramic conditioner added on the soil surface with the rate of 20, 40 and 80t.fed-1 led to reduce runoff by 37, 49 and 56.5%, respectively, as compared with cultivated soil . With respect to adding bokashi as soil conditioner on the soil surface with the rate 20, 40 and 80 t.fed-1, runoff values under all storms was reduced to 45.2, 59.6 and 67.7%, respectively, The influence of the applied traditional cultivation and applied some soil conditioners on the amount of soil loss under natural rainfall. The highest rates of soil losses resulted from bare soil treatment 1.23 ton/fed. Year this rate lies within the permissible limits of soil loss by erosion, which range from 1 to 5 tams per acre per yeas, With respect to planting without soil conditioners, it is clear that such practice reduced the amount of soil loss by 24.2% relative to that for bare soil treatment, This behavior could be attributed to the fact that plants protect a portion of the soil surface from the energy of rainfall impact, thereby, soil detachment decreased. Growing plants also create obstructions to eater flow over land, slowing down runoff velocity and consequently its carrying capacity and thus, reducing soil loss.

This study aims to assess the economic & environmental feasibility of fish cages in Damietta Branch, Egypt. To achieve this goal, economic &Environmental data on 321 fish cages were collected in 2014.The data were analyzed using quantitative statistical analysis.The result indicated that cagefarmers in Damietta Branchadoptaquaculture of eitherNile tilapia orsilvercarp, andaquaculture ofbothspeciestogether. Theaveragereturnon sales of thesefishspecies in thesetwosystemswere17, 67 & 18% respectively.Theresultsalsorevealedthatfeedconversion ratio (FCR) washighforcaged tilapia, leading tosome negative impactsontheaquatic environment. This has, in turn, affectedotheractivities, andtherefore extended thenegativeimpact of suchactivities on cage culture activity in Damiettabranch.