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Background: Burns are described as heat- or acute trauma-induced skin injuries or other body tissue. One cytokine that promotes inflammation is monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), which is essential to the inflammatory process. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the genetic variation of MCP-1-2518A/G and the severity of bacterial infection in burn wounds. Methods: A case–control study included 35 burn wound patients and 35 healthy people as a control group. Whole blood was used for DNA extraction. DNA extraction was used to detect the MCP1 gene (rs1024611) polymorphism using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Results: Regarding the genotypes of the MCP1 gene (rs1024611) polymorphism, there were statistical differences (P = 0.008) between the groups under study. In patients, compared to controls, the AA genotype was higher, whereas it was discovered that controls had a higher frequency of the AG and GG genotypes than did patients. In addition, patients’ “A” allele levels were higher than those of controls. On the contrary, the patients’ “G” allele was lower than that of the control group, with a significant difference (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The result of this study has shown that in patients, the AA genotype was higher than in controls. Therefore, the MCP1 gene (rs1024611) polymorphism may have a protective role in burn wound bacterial infection.

Through a theoretical framework, this study aimed to identify definitions of sustainable human resource management by covering the definitions proposed by many researchers and attempting to reach a new definition. Many previous studies have identified many benefits that can be achieved by using sustainable human resource management in organizations. In addition, this study summarized these benefits and identified the most frequently mentioned benefits by reviewing previous studies. The study measured the impact of Electronic -Human Resource practices on Sustainable Human Resource Management in the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research by serving 180 employees. The partial least squares (PLS) method in the Smart PLS statistical program (version 4.0.8.9) was used as a statistical method for data analysis. The results of the study showed a relatively acceptable effect of e-human resource practices on sustainable human resource management in the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. The most important recommendation of this study was that if the Ministry wants to encourage the adoption of new working methods such as sustainable human resource management, it should introduce digital technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning in the continuous development and training of employees.

This paper presents a combined approach of fractional-order proportional-integral (FOPI) control with field-oriented control (FOC) for maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) tracking. The method maximizes the torque-to-ampere ratio by optimizing the produced torque and minimizing the stator current. This approach reduces power consumption and thereby enhances energy efficiency. Furthermore, the method is improved by considering the rotor iron loss (closest to reality). The complete mathematical analysis, modeling, and simulation are demonstrated. The dominant criteria of the motor, such as rotor speed, electromagnetic torque, and stator current, were compared with the conventional FOC technique. Results showed that the proposed approach significantly exceeds the conventional FOC in terms of drawing current and power consumption, with a 31%–47% and 35%–40% reduction in stator current and average starting current, respectively. Besides, the torque/ampere ratio increased by an average of 24%–39%, with a 12%–17% decrease in consumed kWh for a specific period. The only drawback of the proposed method is that it slightly degrades speed performance, which can simply be ignored. These findings validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, especially for battery-powered applications such as electric vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commercial bentonite was activated by aluminium hydroxide and then modified by cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). The properties of modified bentonite were diagnosed using FTIR, X-ray diffraction and SEM. The adsorption of Reactive Red 120 (RR120) onto supported bentonite (B.A.CTAB) was investigated. The influence of various experimental parameters, such as temperature, initial concentration of dye, adsorbent dosages, initial pH and inorganic salts on RR120 removal was studied. The results showed that the optimum conditions for dye adsorption on modified bentonite are: temperature = 303k, pH = 3.5, contact time = 10 min, adsorbent dosage = 0.1 g and RR120 concentration 96 mg.L-1, it achieved a removal efficiency of 91%. The pseudo-second-order version yields a higher fit to the experimental facts than the pseudo-first-order model. The consequences revealed that Langmuir version turned into extra appropriate to explain RR120 adsorption than the Freundlich model. Also, the thermodynamic function such as ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° was evaluated. The consequences of various inorganic anions (which included Cl–, SO42-, CO32-, and so forth.) on the removal activity of RR 120 adsorption on modified bentonite was examined.

أوضح البحث موضوعاً تمت ممارسته و نقل أخباره في القنوات الفضائية في السنوات الاخيرة بشكل كثير، هو دور القنوات الفضائية في ثقافة التظاهر. و بشكل عام يرمي هذا البحث الى التوصل الى معرفة مدى تأثير التلفاز لا سيما تأثير البرامج التي تحمل مضامين التظاهر والاحتجاج ، على الجمهور ، وما ينجم عنها من اثار معرفية و وجدانية وسلوكية نتيجة تعرض الفرد لهذه البرامج و تأثيرها من جهة ثقافة التظاهر .فضلا عن ذلك فقد اهتم البحث ببيان دور القنوات الفضائية العراقية في انماء وغرس هذه الثقافة ، و متابعة ما يتلوها من تغيير او تعديل او تنميه اتجاهات جديدة ، و كل ذلك جرى تطبيقا لمداخل نظريتي )الاعتماد على وسائل الاعلام( و )الغرس الثقافي( ، و ذلك عن طريق إجراء دراسات مسحية على جمهور مدينة بغداد المركز، بعينه بلغ عددها 817 تم استبعاد 50 منها لعدم مشاهدتهم يرامج القنوات الفضائية العراقية فيما يتعلق بقضايا التظاهرة الأحتجاج . وتوصل البحث الى النتائج الآتية : - تصدرت النشرة الاخبارية والبرامج الحوارية المراتب الاولى من ابرز البرامج والخدمات الاخبارية التي يفضلها الجمهور في استفتاء المعلومات عن التظاهرات والاحتجاجات . - اظهرت النتائج اختيار المبحوثين اهم الفضائيات العراقية التي يتابع من خلالها برامج ومضامين التظاهرات والاحتجاجات وبالترتيب حيث حصلت قناة الشرقية على المرتبة الاولى تليها قناة العراقية وفي المرتبة الاخيرة قناة دجلة . - تصدرت )النشرات الاخبارية( وبرنامج )بالحرف الواحد( في قناة الشرقية و )بين الناس( في قناة دجلة المراتب المتقدمة من اختيارات المبحوثين بشأن افضل البرامج التي تابعوا عبرها أخبار التظاهرات والمتظاهرين عبر الفضائيات العراقية . - اعتماد الجمهور على معلومات القنوات الفضائية العراقية التي تقوم بتغطية قضايا التظاهرات جعلهم يشاركون مشاركة فعليا بها . - اكد ) 47.7 %( من المبحوثين على ان الفضائيات اسهمت بدرجة متوسطة في غرس واشاعة ثقافة التظاهر والاحتجاج بين طبقات وشرائح المجتمع والجمهور العراقي . اما الأسباب التي تميز القنوات الفضائية العراقية في أنها اسهمت في تعزيز واشاعة ثقافة التظاهر ، تمثلت في انها ساندت المتظاهرين في ايصال مطالبهم ، و وضعت يدها على ابرز نقاط الضعف في عمل الحكومة ، بفضل عن ذلك انها قدمت رؤية للحكومة عن طبيعة عمل دوائرها وتقصيرها في تقديم خدمة للمواطن ، واخيراً تمثل بأن القنوات الفضائية العراقية عززت الجوانب الايجابية للتظاهرات.

The underwater acoustic (UWA) channel causes large propagation delays and reduces the bit error rate (BER) of wireless communication systems. The t-distribution is the optimal distribution to perform UWA noise. In this study, polar-coded differential chaos shift keying (DCSK) and quadrature chaos shift keying (QCSK) communication with UWA noise are considered. First, we have proposed a PDF for the UWA noise channel, and based on this PDF, the theoretical BER is derived. Second, polar coding's performance is determined to demonstrate the improvement in the BER performance compared to the uncoded UWA system by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The experimental results prove that the nearest model that is applicable to the UWA channel is a t-distribution with five and six degrees of freedom. The BER formulas of the proposed systems are derived and compared with the simulation results. The results confirm the performance improvement of the polar-coded chaotic modulation systems over uncoded systems in UWA channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a new index modulation method called Grouping Frequency-Time Index Modulation Non-Active for Differential Chaos Shift Keying (GFTIM-DCSK-II). The proposed system exploits the advantages of index modulation (IM) so that both the energy and spectrum efficiency of the system are enhanced. The suggested system effectively employs both frequency and time resources, allowing for efficient transmission at large data rates. For each symbol period, the new approach divides all data bits into equal G groups. For each group, the system includes frequency index bits, denoted as m1, which are utilized to choose a non-active subcarrier from a total of 2m1 subcarriers. Additionally, time index bits, denoted as m2, are employed to select a single time slot from 2m2 total time slots. After that, the modulated bits m0 are subjected to DCSK modulation and thereafter sent over the active subcarriers. Therefore, G(m0+m1+m2), where m0 = (2m1 2m2 - 1), is the total amount of bits transmitted with the GFTIM-DCSK-II system. To better demonstrate the distinctive characteristics of the proposed scheme the energy efficiency, complexity, and spectral efficiency of the GFTIM-DCSK-II system in comparison to the most advanced alternatives available are thoroughly analyzed. The system with q=8, m1=1, and m2=1 saves around 40% more energy than the CTIM-DCSK system also the proposed system enhanced the spectral efficiency around five times more than CTIM-DCSK and GSIMDCSK-II with q=8, m1 =1, and m2 =4. Bit error rate (BER) formulas across multipath Rayleigh fading channels and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) are calculated analytically. The proposed system showed an enhancement in BER performance around 5 dB than CI-DCSK2 and GSTIM-DCSKII across the AWGN channel at a BER of 10-4 at the same data rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach that combines Lyapunov theorem and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The combination tackles the optimization and stability concerns, in controlling permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). This approach ensures that the exploration is maintained within the search space region, enhances convergence properties, and reduces the risk of divergence or oscillations. This concept is utilized to optimize the field oriented controller (FOC) of PMSM using Matlab Simulink. Each proportional integral (PI) controller in the FOC system is individually optimized using the proposed technique. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method that gave a rise time of 0.71s, an overshoot of 0.04%, and a steady-state time of 0.725s as conjunction to traditional optimization methods. This provides more reliable and efficient frameworks, for solving complicated optimization problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Burns are described as heat‑ or acute trauma‑induced skin injuries or other body tissue. One cytokine that promotes inflammation is monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP‑1), which is essential to the inflammatory process. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the genetic variation of MCP‑1-2518A/G and the severity of bacterial infection in burn wounds. Methods: A case–control study included 35 burn wound patients and 35 healthy people as a control group. Whole blood was used for DNA extraction. DNA extraction was used to detect the MCP1 gene (rs1024611) polymorphism using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Results: Regarding the genotypes of the MCP1 gene (rs1024611) polymorphism, there were statistical differences(P = 0.008) between the groups under study. In patients, compared to controls, the AA genotype was higher, whereas it was discovered that controls had a higher frequency of the AG and GG genotypes than did patients. In addition, patients’ “A” allele levels were higher than those of controls. On the contrary, the patients’ “G” allele was lower than that of the control group, with a significant difference (P = 0.001). Conclusion: The result of this study has shown that in patients, the AA genotype was higher than in controls. Therefore, the MCP1 gene (rs1024611) polymorphism may have a protective role in burn wound bacterial infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is concerned with the concept of ethics academically. It aims to investigate the major problems that contemporary Iraqi society suffers from; on top of which is the problem of sectarian and religious intolerance. Such a problem has a major role in the emergence of extremism and terrorism. It further destabilizes the security and stability of the country, exposing, as a result, the lives of citizens to the danger of genocide, disintegrating the social structure, stopping the wheel of development, rampant corruption, and deteriorating the political, social, moral and economic situation. Here comes the role of social work as governmental institutions and civil society organizations in curbing this reprehensible phenomenon in the hope of overcoming it. Such a role is in conformity with and implements the developmental, curative, preventive, and ethical objectives of social work, especially in the areas of: awareness, social construction unification, social peace, and of spreading the ethics of tolerance and social justice. It further helps to build the civil state, spreads the spirit of citizenship, and the respect for laws. Moreover, it encourages transforming the principles and human rights charters into a practical and lived reality. The research also summarizes the researcher’s philosophy of (humanity), stating that: it is a single ethic for multiple cultures. It can be a base for actions and relationships within the framework of the optimal approach for the civil state, social work institutions, civil society organizations, local and international bodies and for departments working in the same direction. Such a philoshophy leads to overcome the strenuous obstacles left by sectarian and religious fanaticism in contemporary Iraqi society.

In this paper, Time-Reversal (TR) pre-coding with Artificial Noise (AN) injection is proposed to enhance the physical layer security (PLS) performance in orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Differential Chaos Shift Keying (OFDMDCSK) system, which is named the TRAN-OFDM-DCSK system. This approach is provided to achieve high data rates, high PL data security, and high reliability performance. The AN signal does not spoil the transmitted data to the genuine receiver, but it reduces the ungenuine detection performance. This system ensures the secrecy of communication to the genuine receiver when the sender knows the Channel State Information (CSI) of the genuine communication link. Still, the information about the instantaneous CSI of a possible eavesdropper does not know the transmitter. The performance of the proposed TRAN-OFDM-DCSK system is investigated and tested under a Flat Rayleigh Fading Channel (FRFC). An approach is provided for calculating the performance of Bit Error Rate (BER), and the expression of BER analytical is derived and compared with the simulation version. Furthermore, the ergodic Secrecy Rate (SR) is derived and analyzed at the genuine and ungenuine receivers over the FRFC. Our result shows the best performance for the genuine receiver compared with ungenuine receiver regarding secrecy performance for BER and SR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]