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Abstract Introduction Given the importance of promoting self-care and quality of life for discharged elderly patients after acute Myocardial Infarction(MI), It is necessitated we conduct interventions to promote these items. This study was conducted to determine the effect of mHealth-Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on the inner Strength and resilience of elderly patients with MI after discharge from the hospital. Methods The present study was a randomized controlled trial that was conducted on 56 Elderly patients with myocardial infarction were discharged from the heart departments. In the intervention group after the patient’s discharge, the patients were contacted twice a week for one month and the necessary training and support were given online. To gather data, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the demographic and clinical characteristics questionnaire, the inner strength scale (ISS), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were completed pre- and post-intervention. The data analysis was done by SPSS16. Results This study showed the mean resilience and inner strength scores before and after the intervention in the control group had no statistically significant difference(P˃0.05). There was a significant increase in the mean resilience and inner strength scores in the intervention group after the intervention (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion The results of this study showed that mHealth as a kind of telenursing nursing has a significant effect on both variables of inner strength and resilience of post-discharge elderly patients after acute myocardial infarction. This means that using mHealth for these patients could increase the inner strength and resilience of the elderly discharged after myocardial infarction. Therefore, through using this method, elderly patients’ self-care ability and quality of life could be increased.

Introduction: Governance is in fact a process based on the interaction between the official organizations and institutions of the city administration on the one hand and non-governmental organizations and civil society organizations on the other hand. The optimal urban governance system is based on seven principles: participation, legitimacy, accountability, consensus building, efficiency and effectiveness, transparency and justice.Data and Method: This research is a survey type with a descriptive-analytical approach with the aim of practical adjustment and information in the field using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population is the citizens of the Ghir city and the sample size is estimated 384 people based on Cochran's formula. One-way ANOVA and one-sample t-test were used for analysis. For this purpose، in this study، we have tried to examine indicators such as participation, responsibility, effectiveness, rule of law، transparency, central justice, consensus orientation and accountability. To measure each of the variables in the questionnaire, a 5-point Likert scale was used.Results: It shows that the average of all indicators of good governance from the perspective of citizens with a value of 2.66 out of 3 is in an unfavorable situation, which indicates the ineffective method of managers in the urban area and therefore to increase citizen participation in management Is that city officials provide the ground for citizen participation.Conclusion: Indicates the dissatisfaction of citizens that in this regar, city officials should provide the basis for increasing satisfaction with life in the city by using the opinions of people in the field of management and policies.

in Sarein city, which is done using Hofstede culture model and Padma service quality model. The statistical population of this study includes all domestic tourists who entered the city of Sarein in the period of June and early July of 2018. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data and out of 400 distributed questionnaires, 372 people answered the questionnaires. Structural equations and LISREL software were used for data analysis. The results show that the relationship between pleasure-seeking/self-control and perceived quality of health tourism services The globalization of healthcare has led to the emergence of a new form of tourism known as health tourism. Given the special importance of tourism and especially health tourism and the resulting economic benefits, the quality factor can be important and fundamental. Among the factors that can affect the quality of health tourism services are cultural values. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of cultural values ​​on the perceived quality of health tourism services is significant and positive. Also, a positive and significant relationship between long-term/ short-term orientation, degree of ambiguity acceptance, power distance, masculinity/ feminism and individualism/collectivism with the perceived quality of health tourism services was confirmed.

Abstract Background One of the effective factors on BF (Breastfeeding) continuation is Breastfeeding self-efficacy (BFSE). This study was conducted to determine the relationship between Health Literacy (HL) and BFSE in lactating mothers referring to primary health care centers. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on lactating mothers referring to primary health care centers in 2022. Multi-stage cluster sampling was done with 160 samples. The data were collected using demographic questionnaire, Persian shortened form of the BSES is a self-reported instrument for measuring a mother's Breastfeeding self-efficacy and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, independent t-test, correlation test and liner regression by SPSS version 16, with a significance level of 5%. Results There was a significant positive correlation between the HL score and its four domains( Reading, Behaviour and decision making, Accessing, and Understanding) except for the appraisal domain with BFSE score. The variables of use of formula, HL, duration of breastfeeding, and education were considered predictors of BFSE. Conclusion In general, the results indicate a possible relationship between BFSE and mothers' HL. Therefore, improving mother's HL can have a positive effect on promoting infants’ nutrition.

The purpose of this study is to use linguistic concepts and slang phrases in analyzing the content of the city text. The method used in this research is qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. For data collection, 37 real estate consultants from 22 districts of Tehran were selected for interviews by the accessible sampling method. They were asked to express slang phrases that are widely used in the field of residential transactions and the introduction of neighborhoods. Also, by referring to the real estate advertisements on the online platforms including Divar and Sheypoor, as well as the real estate consultants’ pages on the Instagram App, similar phrases were extracted. Next, the process of coding and categorizing these phrases was done in such a way that all phrases that had a common semantic theme were placed in the same category. Accordingly, 8 categories affecting the valuation of housing and neighborhoods based on slang phrases in terms of percentage of repetition were obtained, respectively, which are: 1- geographical features of the building land in the neighborhood and the city; 2- legal features; 3- building welfare facilities; 4- natural, climatic features and environmental conditions of the building; 5- properties of materials and life of the building; 6- slang features; 7- building service facilities; and 8- building engineering features. In terms of residential and neighborhood valuation in the context of the city, 5 categories are distorted, incorrect, or more than intrinsic value, and only 3 categories have parity equal to intrinsic value.

A proven methodology in various research is to confirm the cooperation required in the professional development of professors and teachers, to create of professional learning societies (PLC); Which provides a platform for professors of different departments of the university; In this regard, identifying the components of urban planning education with emphasis on the relationship with learning communities as one of the ways to improve the knowledge, skills and writing of professors and students on the quantitative and qualitative issues of urban planning has been proposed. The present research is a basic research based on purpose; This research was qualitative; Therefore, in the present study, 12 experts in the field of urban planning were selected and data were collected through in-depth interviews. the data extracted from the collection process was coded in three steps to extract the final model based on it; We also coded the interviews to facilitate their understanding and extraction of results, which was done in three stages: subcategories, intermediate categories, and main categories.. After removing the commonalities, 89 subcategories were identified in the primary coding stage, 23 intermediate categories in the secondary coding stage, and 5 main categories in the final coding stage; Includes: quality of training, methods and tools; professors and coaches; Basic factors of education; Skills; The values and finally the relationships between the obvious categories and the conceptual model derived from the qualitative analysis method with an inductive approach were provided; Which was presented as the final model of the research.

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are common among individuals with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide. In this study, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature to estimate the global and regional prevalence of HCV, HBV and HIV coinfections among HIV-positive prisoners. Methods We searched PubMed via MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Web of science (ISI) to identify studies that reported the prevalence of HBV and HCV among prisoners living with HIV. We used an eight-item checklist for critically appraisal studies of prevalence/incidence of a health problem to assess the quality of publications in the included 48 cross-sectional and 4 cohort studies. We used random-effect models and meta-regression for the meta-analysis of the results of the included studies. Results The number of the included studies were 50 for HCV-HIV, and 23 for HBV-HIV co-infections. The pooled prevalence rates of the coinfections were 12% [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.0–16.0] for HBV-HIV and 62% (95% CI 53.0–71.0) for HCV-HIV. Among HIV-positive prisoners who reported drug injection, the prevalence of HBV increased to 15% (95% CI 5.0–23.0), and the HCV prevalence increased to 78% (95% CI 51.0–100). The prevalence of HBV-HIV coinfection among prisoners ranged from 3% in the East Mediterranean region to 27% in the American region. Also, the prevalence of HCV-HIV coinfections among prisoners ranged from 6% in Europe to 98% in the East Mediterranean regions. Conclusions Our findings suggested that the high prevalence of HBV and HCV co-infection among HIV-positive prisoners, particularly among those with a history of drug injection, varies significantly across the globe. The results of Meta-regression analysis showed a sliding increase in the prevalence of the studied co-infections among prisoners over the past decades, rising a call for better screening and treatment programs targeting this high-risk population. To prevent the above coinfections among prisoners, aimed public health services (e.g. harm reduction via access to clean needles), human rights, equity, and ethics are to be seriously delivered or practiced in prisons. Protocol registration number: CRD42018115707 (in the PROSPERO international). Graphic abstract

Background: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis accounts for only 15% of new cases of tuberculosis. In extrapulmonary tuberculosis, usually affected areas include bone, pleura, lymph nodes, genitourinary system, joints, peritoneum and meninges. Tuberculosis epididymo-orchitis is an uncommon type of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Case presentation: We reported a case of tuberculosis epididymo-orchitis and involvement of the left testicle in a 37-year-old male patient. The left testicle had a heterogeneous parenchymal echo, and multiple hypo-echo and ill-defined areas were evident in the left testicle. In the color Doppler ultrasound, the left testicle with the epididymis on both sides was completely hyperemic. The findings were primarily in the favor of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, after a 2-month first-stage treatment with four-drug therapy of anti-TB drugs such as rifampin 150 mg, isoniazid 75 mg, pyrazinamide 400 mg and ethambutol 275 mg, considering the weight of the patient (56 kg), 4 pills per day and the second phase with two-drug therapy, rifampin 150 mg and 75 mg of isoniazid, 4 pills per day for 4 months, extrapulmonary tuberculosis symptoms improved to a large extent. Conclusion: To prevent epididymectomy and the effects that the disease may have on fertility, it should be tried to quickly diagnose and treat the disease at the same early stage of the disease.

If Fiqh ol-Ravayeh like Fiqh ol-Hadith is regarded in the array of sciences on the analysis of historical reports, it can be designated as one of the bases of analytical history. Conversely, the analysis of historical reports related to the historical theology has not yet made methodical and systematic. Considering the category of method in the domain of historical theology and putting emphasis on the reports related to histories such as the history of Quran, the history of hadith, and the history of interpretation, this article tries to propose a new method of historical analysis as a reflective analysis method. In this method which is based on the reflection of historical report in the external space, the initiation of problem principle signifying the amount of non-resolvability of the status of statement of report on status over the statement of report and the principle of reflective recurrence as the opposite of problem provides the more accurate ground towards the analysis of historical reports. The administration of these two principles is an obstacle towards false interpretation and fallacy in the historical analysis and it strengthens the historical reasoning.

This study focused on identify and analyze the factors which affect tolerance, ethics, complaisance, and respect for others' ideas for the school year 2018-2019 in the case of Islamshahr primary schools' environment. The statistical population of this study consisted of elementary teachers in Islamshahr. In the qualitative phase, 11 individuals were selected through a purposeful sampling and 298 random individuals were selected for the quantitative phase. A questionnaire-based collected data represented a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82 within the qualitative phase. To analyze the findings of the qualitative interviews, the inductive content analysis method based on open coding was used. To analyze quantitative data, the structural equation model with PLS software was implemented. An unstructured interview using the three-dimensional approach and participant feedback to validating was accomplished for the qualitative phase. The research findings revealed that organizational factors included (ethical discussion in the class, schools' culture, schools' atmosphere, respectful behavior in the class, and social skills training programs) and family factors (education level of parents, family culture, student characteristics) influence tolerance, ethics, and respect for others' ideas in the school environment. Moreover, based on standardized factor loadings with the statistical significant of 0.05, this research declared that creating ethical discussion in class 0.752-factor loading is the most influential of tolerance for the other thoughts and the least effective factor 0.918-factor loading is students' characteristics. Keywords: Education, Respect, Ethics and complaisance, Islamshahr

The feeling of security is one of the most important factors in the quality of the pedestrian environment. It is a city that is also effective in the presence of citizens. For this reason, security should be visible in the presence and supervision of active age and sexual groups of people in urban spaces. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental quality components of urban space on citizens' sense of security and achieve a regular framework of factors affecting it. In order to achieve this goal, the research method is applied and in terms of how to collect information, descriptive and survey. Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size and the sample size of 365 people was calculated. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were calculated by Cronbach's alphabet 0.853. Findings of the study show that there is a direct, positive and significant relationship between the components of environmental quality of urban space and the components of citizens' sense of security on the central sidewalk of Hamadan. In total, the environmental quality components of the urban space have a 76% effect on the citizens' sense of security on the central sidewalk of Hamadan. The results of correlations and regression path analysis are consistent with the theoretical approach of the research and confirm the research hypothesis. In fact, in urban spaces such as the central sidewalk of the city of Hamadan, social participation and social monitoring on the central sidewalk of the city of Hamadan are connected and connected as a chain.

Text- audience relation and the impact of the former on the latter, especially inthe context of religious texts, is a significant subject from communicationscience viewpoint. In the Islamic religious literature the religious propositionor "hadith", and with some degree of toleration a single-source narration(khabar-e vahid), have been recognized as a discourse unit. But what is theposition and function of a religious proposition in producing religiousknowledge? This function has probably been dominated by the jurisprudentialsystem and has been spoken about in terms of "authoritativeness". But thisfunction and position are to be analyzed in relation to the production ortransmission of knowledge. On the one hand, in proportion to the applicationof a religious proposition throughout history, the volume of knowledge basedthereon increases. On the other hand, it is not logical to establish a directrelationship between religious knowledge and a religious proposition.Basically, with emphasis on non-jurisprudential areas, none of the teachingsthat we consider to be in the form of single-source narration could be acceptedin a vacuum regardless of civilization-based knowledge. In the approach toanalyzing the Shi'a hadith heritage, it should also be said that a quantitativelook at the hadiths based on the direct relation between the religiouspropositions and knowledge is not an effective model in analyzing the sociopoliticalstatus of the Infallibles.

Monitoring the status of natural and ecological resources is necessary for conservation and protection. Soil is one of the most important environmental resources in agricultural lands and natural resources. In this research study, we used Landsat 8 and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to monitor soil salinity in Qom plain. The geographical location of 72 surface soil samples from 7 land types was determined by the Latin hypercube method, and the samples were taken to determine the electrical conductivity (EC). Thirty percent of the data was considered as a validation set and 70% as a test set. In addition to the Landsat 8 bands, we used spectral indices of salinity, vegetation, topography, and drainage (DEM, TWI, and TCI) because of their impacts on soil formation and development. We used ANN with different algorithms to model soil salinity. We found that the GFF algorithm is the best for soil salinity modeling. Also, the TWI topography index and SI5 salinity index and NDVI vegetation index had the most effect on the outputs of the selected model. It was also found that flood plains and lowlands had the highest levels of salinity accumulation.

Oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) is one of the most selled culinary and medicinal herb throughout the world. Flowering aerial parts and leaves of oregano have been used as a popular flavoring of food stuffs and as an antioxidant agent in cosmetics. Oregano contains a wide array of active components, including flavonoids, phenolic acids and glucosides, phenols and triterpenes. Several biological activities namely antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antidiabetic, antispasmodic, antimelanogenesis and antiproliferative have been demonstrated for oregano-based essential oils and extracts. Among the main bioactive constituents of these products, the phenols carvacrol and thymol, and the phenolic rosmarinic acid and origanoside proved to be strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective agents.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the student’s talent management of a corporate university in Iran by descriptive-analytic method. The statistical population of the study included all 2200 students of the university. Based on the estimated number at Morgan table, 202 respondents completed the survey instrument. The data collecting tool of the questionnaire was ascertained and its reliability was obtained 78 percent by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Content validity of the tool was also veri-fied by the experts. For data analysis, the binomial test and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used. The results show that none of the components of talent management (deployment and employment, career progression path, practical learning, performance management, knowledge sharing, self-development, training, appreciation and encouragement) in the studied university was in desire conditions. Other findings of the study also show that among organizational factors, compo-nents of “organizational culture”, “supervisor satisfaction”, “organizational dynamics”, “working environment conditions”, “colleagues”, “prestige and brand of the university” and “growth oppor-tunity” were influential on the students’ talent development. Also, the results of the data analysis show that among the components of job factors, the component of “person-job fitness” affects the development of students' talents.

In recent years, many studies on the multi-agent scheduling problems in which agents compete for using the shared resources, have been performed. However, relatively few studies have been undertaken in the field of the multi-agent scheduling in a flowshop environment. To bridge the gap, this paper aims at addressing the two-agent scheduling problem in a two-machine flowshop. Because of the importance of delay penalties and efficient resource utilization in many manufacturing environments, the objective is to find an optimal schedule which has the minimum total tardiness for the first agent’s jobs, under the makespan limitation for the second agent. Since this problem is strongly NP-hard, several theorems and properties of the problem are proposed to apply in exact and meta-heuristic methods. Also, for some instances of the problem for which exact methods cannot achieve optimal solutions in a reasonable amount of time, a tabu search algorithm is developed to achieve near-optimal solutions. Computational results of the tabu search algorithm show that the average absolute error value is lower than 0.18 percent for instances with 20 to 60 jobs in size.

Introduction Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) is grown for human consumption, mainly as pasta products, e.g., spaghetti and macaroni, couscous, bulgur, frike, flat breads, etc. Worldwide, the area annually planted to durum wheat is estimated to be around 17-18 million hectares, i.e., 8 percent of total wheat area, with a production averaging about 30 million tons annually, which is 5.5 percent of total wheat production. Although durum is grown in various regions of the world, the great bulk of durum area and production is concentrated in the Mediterranean basin and North America. Eight countries (Algeria, Canada, Italy, Morocco, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, and USA) account for nearly two thirds (2/3) of world durum area and production. In Iran, the area under durum cultivation is about 400-500 thousands hectares with an annual production of 400-500 thousand tons, which covers about 60% of country demands. In spite of the importance of durum for Iranian rural economies, the country has not all succeeded in its research and development efforts to substantially improve durum productivity. The combinations of increasing demand for durum and durum products, as a result of demographic pressure, and relatively low durum productivity partly due to abiotic stresses (i.e. cold, terminal heat, moisture and nutrient deficiency stresses) made the country to an importer of durum. These are frequently exacerbated by biotic stresses, e.g., diseases and insects that may severely inhibit crop growth. Materials and methods The main purpose of this study was to achieve high yielding durum wheat genotypes with higher yield stability in different environmental condition, tolerance to environmental stresses such as cold damage, drought and end of season heat stress. Hence, 17 durum wheat lines were evaluated for grain yeild and morphlogical traits in Maragheh, Sararood, Qamloo, Ardabil and Shirvan agricultural research stations in 2011-14. In each location, the experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results and discussion Based on combined ANOVA, there was significant difference among the environments, genotypes and G×E. GGE-biplot models showed that the 5 environments were belonged to 3 mega-environments, and different genetopes had higher yield in each mega-environments. Sumplimentary irrigation, at sowing time and flowering growth stages, could increase grain yield of lines 30 and 70 percent in Maragheh and Qamloo locations, respectively. The increase of grain yield was 42 percent for line Rascon under suplimentary irrigation. The AMMI and GGE results also confirmed genotype 5 was the most high-yielding durum line with reasonable yield stability in cold areas (Maragheh, Qamloo and Ardabil). Also, genotype 13 was the most high yielding and stable line in Sararood. Hence, these line can be candiatted to release new durum varieties for cold and moderat rainfed areas. Complementary irrigation could increase grain yield up to 30 and 70 percent in Maragheh and Sararood, respectively. Conclusions It can be concluded that finding of new stable high-yielding durum lines, with better performances than that the existed varieies, is a great progress in durum breeding programs in cold rainfed areas. Both GGE biplot and AMMI analyses could be used in grain yield stability and adaptability under rainfed conditions and sumplementary irrigations, however, the results of GGE biploet were more applicable and can be use extensively in the study of grain yield adaptability and stability under rainfed and sumplementary irrigations conditions in durum wheat breeding programs.

Genotype × environment interactions make it difficult to release high yielding durum varieties for diverse environmental conditions. The main purpose of this study was to achieve high yielding durum wheat genotypes with higher yield stability in different environmental conditions, tolerance to environmental stresses such as cold damage, terminal drought, and heat stresses. Hence, 16 durum wheat lines were evaluated for grain yield stability and morphological traits in Maragheh, Sararood, Qamloo, Ardabil and Urmia Agricultural Research Stations in 2012-15. In each location, the experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Based on combined ANOVA, there were significant differences among the environments (E), genotypes (G) and G×E. GGE-biplot analysis showed that the 14 environments belonged to 3 mega-environments, and different genotypes had higher yield in each mega-environments. The AMMI and GGE results also confirmed that genotypes 2 (G-1252) and 3 (61-130/414-44//…) were the most high-yielding durum lines with reasonable yield stability across environments. Also, genotype 10 was the most adapted genotype to Ardabil. Line 61-130/414-44//… had 60, 11, 31, 10 and 17% more yield than check line (Saji) in Maragheh, Sararood, Qamloo, Ardabil and Urmia under rainfed conditions, respectively. Hence, these lines can be candiates to release as new durum varieties for cold and moderate rainfed areas. Complementary irrigation could increase grain yield up to 14 and 68% in Maragheh and Sararood, respectively. It can be concluded that finding new stable high-yielding durum lines, with better performances, as compared to the existed varieties, is a great progress in durum breeding programs in cold rainfed areas. Moreover, the GGE biplot and AMMI analysis had good performance in adaptability and yield stability analysis in durum genotypes and could be used to evaluate durum genotypes at different locations over the years in durum breeding programs.

In this study, to evaluate the different geomorphic facies sediment yield in Aran province, wind erosion meter and IRIFR model was used. The results of wind erosion meter showed that the most speed of threshold in natural condition is belonging to hard crust and dried clay plain with a speed of 13m/s, then Puffy and clay-agricultural lands with a speed of 12 m/s, and the lowest threshold speed is 6/5 m/s related to fine-grained loamy - sandy soils of pediment that due to lack of the adhesion, flat, and smooth surface and wind shear impact and blown with wind. The results of wind erosion intensity with wind erosion meter also showed that the clay plains and Puffy lands facies are most stable with sediment of 0 to 175/2 tone/km 2 / yr which sorted erosion in class I, and sand sheet with the graveled covered, clay plain and sand dunes are the most sensitive facies, that with 5450/09 to 5517/04 tone/km2/ yr sediment equivalent classified in IV erosion class. While the results of the IRIFR model showed that the most stable facies are facies agricultural lands with 415/1 ton/km2/yr sediment erosion that classified in the erosion class II and facies sand sheet and sand dune the most sensitive facies, that with 1168/6 ton/km2/ yr sediment equivalent classified in IV erosion class.

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Background: Following community health assessment Project (CHAP) in suburbs of Bandar Abbas city, health problems in women and children such as pregnancy complications and infant/child impaired growth are highly prevalent. Therefore, the present population-based prospective cohort study investigated the effects of a wide range of modifiable exposures during pregnancy and postpartum on mother and child health. Methods: The sample comprised of 1000 pregnant women in their first gestational trimester, who live in the three most socially and economically vulnerable neighborhoods of Bandar Abbas, are under recruitment during Feb 2016-18. Four structured questionnaires are being carried out from pregnancy to 30 d, 6 months, and 12 months postpartum. Biologic and ultrasound results are also gathered through hospital and health center records. The study is currently close to the end of the recruitment phase. Conclusion: The results of the interim and final analyses are being translated into applicable preventive action plans aiming to reduce and control modifiable risk factors for ill-health in mothers and children in suburb communities in South of Iran.

Biotic and abiotic stresses are major limiting factors for high crop productivity worldwide. A landrace collection consisting of 380 durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) entries originating in several countries along with four check varieties were evaluated for biotic stresses: yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis Westendorf f. sp. tritici) and wheat stem sawfly (WSS) Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), and abiotic stresses: cold and drought. The main objectives were to (i) quantify phenotypic diversity and identify variation in the durum wheat landraces for the different stresses and (ii) characterize the agronomic profiles of landraces in reaction to the stresses. Significant changes in reactions of landraces to stresses were observed. Landraces resistant to each stress were identified and agronomically characterized. Percentage reduction due to the stresses varied from 11.4% (yellow rust) to 21.6% (cold stress) for 1000-kernel weight (TKW) and from 19.9 (yellow rust) to 91.9% (cold stress) for grain yield. Landraces from Asia and Europe showed enhanced genetic potential for both grain yield and cold tolerance under highland rainfed conditions of Iran. The findings showed that TKW and yield productivity could be used to assess the response of durum wheat landraces to different stresses. In conclusion, landraces showed high levels of resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses, and selected landraces can serve in durum wheat breeding for adaptation to cold and drought-prone environments.

The aim of the current research was to identify causes of organizational silence among the staff of the University of Mohaghegh Ardabil. To achieve the aim, case study was used which first qualitative phase was conducted and after that quantitative data was collected and analyzed. The research population was 354 faculty members of mohaghegh university which 11 members of them were studied through cluster sampling in the qualitative phase and 153 members of them were selected via cluster sampling method. to collect qualitative data, unstructured interview was conducted which validated based on triangulation and participant feedback. On the other hand, the tool for quantitative phase was researcher- designed questionnaire which reliability was 0/92. Inductive content analysis through open coding was applied for analyzing qualitative data and software pls were used for quantitative data. The results showed that that organizational factors such as organizational structure, culture and negative reaction on the part of management and leadership styles and personal factors such as fear of job loss, type of personality, and lack of employee commitment are the reasons that lead to silence people in organizations . Findings also showed the negative reaction from staff managers have the greatest impact on organizational silence.

Application of provenance method by tracers or fingerprinting has been demonstrated as a successful and effective way to determine the sediment sources. According to this method, physical, geochemical and biogenic features of sediment are used to determine the sediment sources and their importance. The main aim of this research is determining the contribution of different facies using the hybrid model in sediment supply for sand dunes of Ashkzar erg. For this aim, 65 surface samples from the sources region facies and 8 samples from the sand dunes were collected and the particles less than 62.5 micron, as the target, were tested. In order to measure the geochemical elements including rare earth elements (REE) and trace element, the ICP-AES was used. Then, ICP-MS was used to measure Strontium (87Sr & 86Sr) and Neodymium (143Nd & 144Nd) isotopes. The indices of rare earth elements were calculated and the elements, REE indices and isotopes were used as tracer. Then, initial choice and optimal combination of tracers were done by the statistical methods including one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and discrimination analysis. Finally, contribution of the various facies on sediments supply was determined using hybrid models. The results showed that Rubidium (Rb), Cerium (Ce) and Strontium (Sr) were determined as the optimal combination. Moreover, the results of hybrid models showed that the distribution facies of fine sandy plains & dry river bed, fans & dry river bed, Kelot, farmlands, Neogene marl hills and Sebkha were 27, 22.7, 24.4, 13.26, 6.4 and 6.24 % respectively. Performance of the model was 0.999 indicating it's accurate and appropriate results.

Customer satisfaction and loyalty is an integral part of the business, customer satisfaction and still remain faithful, re-buys and purchases from other customers are also invited to participate,In such circumstances, banks pay special attention to improve their e-service quality to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty to their brand of,In this regard, the present study aims to identify, describe and evaluate the main factors affecting electronic banking service quality on brand loyalty and customer satisfaction are the banks, Finally, the review of the relationship between these three variables, the solutions offered. This model is based on models of electronic service quality, brand loyalty and customer satisfaction. For this purpose, a questionnaire using SERVQUAL model of customer and taking advantage of the e-service quality variables were developes, In Tehran with a sample size of 200 customers a superior three branches of the Agricultural Bank were collected from a total of 191 questionnaires have been answered,And the method of linear regression analysis, correlation and Friedman test was used to analyze the data, The results indicate that more attention on improving the quality of e-services in the long term, lead to greater customer loyalty and satisfaction is important to make more profit bank and will better position …

Wind regime data from the Jask meteorological station from a 20-year statistical period (1985-2005) was analyzedusing the Fryberger method to investigate sand drift potential (DP) in this area. The resultant drift potential anddirectional variability of wind were calculated and illustrated. Average annual sand DP was estimated to be 460vector units (VU), and the sand flux is 51 m3/m.year. Therefore, in view of the wind’s erosive power (calculated bysoftware using the Lettau-Lettau equation) and according to Fryberger’s classification (1979), this area is categorizedas a high energy wind environment. Calculating DPt in different seasons showed that the strongest winds blow insummer and winter (158.8 and 152.4 VU), and autumn had the lowest DP. In summer, the wind blows in a southsoutheastpattern which differs from that of other seasons. Autumn also has the highest frequency of winds swifterthan threshold velocity. The unidirectional index (RDP/DPt) value is 0.08 for this region, which causes the formationof transverse dunes (barkhanoid) from south-southeast to north-northwest.