Search

With a prevalence of 15%, migraine is the most common neurological disorder and among the most disabling diseases, taking into account years lived with disability. Current oral medications for migraine show variable effects and are frequently associated with intolerable side effects, leading to the dissatisfaction of both patients and doctors. Injectable therapeutics, which include calcitonin gene–related peptide–targeting monoclonal antibodies and botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A), provide a new paradigm for treatment of chronic migraine but are effective only in approximately 50% of subjects. Here, we investigated a novel engineered botulinum molecule with markedly reduced muscle paralyzing properties which could be beneficial for the treatment of migraine. This stapled botulinum molecule with duplicated binding domain—binary toxin-AA (BiTox/AA)—cleaves synaptosomal-associated protein 25 with a similar efficacy to BoNT/A in neurons; however, the paralyzing effect of BiTox/AA was 100 times less when compared to native BoNT/A following muscle injection. The performance of BiTox/AA was evaluated in cellular and animal models of migraine. BiTox/AA inhibited electrical nerve fiber activity in rat meningeal preparations while, in the trigeminovascular model, BiTox/AA raised electrical and mechanical stimulation thresholds in Aδ- and C-fiber nociceptors. In the rat glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) model, BiTox/AA proved effective in inhibiting GTN-induced hyperalgesia in the orofacial formalin test. We conclude that the engineered botulinum molecule provides a useful prototype for designing advanced future therapeutics for an improved efficacy in the treatment of migraine.

The reliability of machine tools is a critical factor for the success of manufacturing companies. By analyzing data in product planning, machine manufacturers can eliminate causes of failure and systematically improve machines. However, comprehensive data analysis poses great challenges for many companies. The methodology presented in this paper addres-ses this problem and supports companies in the goal-driven data analysis.

As a common practice in vegetables, breeding programs designed to develop F1 hybrids mostly focused on yield and disease and pest resistance in tomatoes. However, breeding programs are prioritizing fruit quality attributes to satisfy consumers in. To stay competitive in ever changing markets, seed companies take fruit quality criteria into consideration as yield increase leveling off for hybrid tomato. Therefore, the study was designed to develop new tomato lines with superior fruit quality. Advanced tomato lines resistant to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), root-knot nematods (Mi), Verticilium dahlie (Va), Fusarium oxysporum (F radici Frl. and F. lycoperci I-1, I-2, I-3) and powdery mildew (ol-1, ol-2) were used as the plant materials. The 102 tomato genotypes suitable for autumn-spring cultivation were assessed for fruit quality parameters replicated in time and space in greenhouse trials. The 33 of advanced tomato lines exhibited relatively superior quality attributes for one or more traits measured. Based on parental line results, compatible lines for fruit quality were crossed, resulting with 12 hybrids with commercial level competitive advantage. Four of the 12 hybrids that combined fruit quality with yield and disease resistance were especially found to be highly completive in fresh market tomato market. © 2020 Parlar Scientific Publications. All rights reserved.

WOS: 000427229000010, The aim of this study was to examine the muscular activation strategy of archers with different levels of expertise. Twenty-seven (27) male archers volunteered to participate in the current study. The activation of nine forearm and shoulder girdle muscles were analysed. Statistically significant differences were observed among the archery groups in the activation of muscles (flexor digitorum superficialis, extensor digitorum communis, deltoids middle, deltoids posterior, trapezius pars ascendens, trapezius pars transversa, and trapezius pars descendens) (p, Anadolu University [Anadolu Uni./BAP 1001S40], The current study was supported by Anadolu University (Project number: Anadolu Uni./BAP 1001S40). The authors wish to thank the subjects for their collaboration and support, as well as Gunay Yildizer for the support provided so readily.

In this paper a solution of the one difference equation was investigated.

WOS: 000374731400001, PubMed: 27055417, Background: In this study, we examined the efficacy and safety of a once-daily dosage schema of colchicine compared with a twice-daily dosage schema in pediatric patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Methods: In this 24-week, multicenter, randomized controlled noninferiority trial, pediatric patients newly diagnosed with FMF carrying a homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation and not receiving any treatment were included. Patients were randomly assigned using a block randomization method to receive treatment with a once-or twice-daily dosage. Clinical and laboratory characteristics and medication side effects were recorded and compared between groups. The study was carried out in compliance with Good Clinical Practice and the Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) statement. Results: A total of 92 patients were selected, and 79 patients completed the study. There were 42 patients in the once-daily dosage group and 37 in the twice-daily dosage group. The results indicated that the once-daily dosage was not inferior to the twice-daily dosage regarding decrease in attack frequency and duration as well as improvement in clinical findings and Mor severity scores. Alterations in laboratory findings indicating inflammation, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and serum amyloid A, were similar in both groups. The rates of drug side effects were similar between the once-and twice-daily dosage groups, implying comparable safety of colchicine, with the exception of diarrhea, which was slightly higher in the once-daily dosage group. Conclusions: Using colchicine with either a once-or twice-daily dosage provides similar clinical and laboratory improvements. Considering both efficacy and safety, colchicine can be prescribed with a once-daily dosage., Scientific Council of the Gulhane Military Medical Academy School of Medicine, This study was funded by the Scientific Council of the Gulhane Military Medical Academy School of Medicine and is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov with the number NCT 1491-1437-11/1539 and the identifier NCT02602028.

In this paper a solution of some difference equation was investigated.

Objective. To develop and assess the validity and reliability of an adherence scale concerning medical treatment in paediatric FMF patients. Methods. The Medication Adherence Scale in FMF Patients (MASIF) is a 18-item questionnaire that evaluates adherence to medication in four domains. Validation of the instrument was accomplished in paediatric FMF patients (aged 2-18 years) under medication at least for 6 months. The first step was to build up the scale through qualitative approach (with interviews using semi-structured questions). Validation analyses included assessment of feasibility, face and content validity; construct validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results. One hundred and fifty patients with FMF were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the patients was 11.11±4.02 years and 48.7% of them were male. The MASIF was found to be feasible and valid for both face and content. It correlated with the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale as a gold standard thereby demonstrating good construct validity (r=0.515, p < 0.001). Assessment of content validity identified four subscales. The internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha was 0.728. There was a positive and significant correlation between test and retest scores (r=0.843; p < 0.001). Also, a significant correlation between parents' and children's reports (r=0.781, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Based on these results, the use of this scale to assess and follow up the adherence to treatment in paediatric FMF patients under medical treatment is recommended. © Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 2015.

Objective. To develop and assess the validity and reliability of an adherence scale concerning medical treatment in paediatric FMF patients. Methods. The Medication Adherence Scale in FMF Patients (MASIF) is a 18-item questionnaire that evaluates adherence to medication in four domains. Validation of the instrument was accomplished in paediatric FMF patients (aged 2-18 years) under medication at least for 6 months. The first step was to build up the scale through qualitative approach (with interviews using semi-structured questions). Validation analyses included assessment of feasibility, face and content validity; construct validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results. One hundred and fifty patients with FMF were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the patients was 11.11 +/- 4.02 years and 48.7% of them were male. The MASIF was found to be feasible and valid for both face and content. It correlated with the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale as a gold standard thereby demonstrating good construct validity (r=0.5 15, p

Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy is used for refractory bipolar disorder. We present a middle-aged man with refractory bipolar disorder who was successfully treated with maintenance electroconvulsive therapy and long-acting risperidone.

Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy is used for refractory bipolar disorder. We present a middle-aged man with refractory bipolar disorder who was successfully treated with maintenance electroconvulsive therapy and long-acting risperidone.

In this paper a solution of the following difference equation was investigated xn+1 =xn-(5k+9)/1+xn-4xn-9...xn-(5k+4), n = 0,1,2,... where x-(5k+9), x-(5k+8),..., x-1, x0 ? (0, ?).