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1. Association of germline genetic variants with breast cancer-specific survival in patient subgroups defined by clinic-pathological variables related to tumor biology and type of systemic treatment

Author

Morra, A. (Anna), Escala-Garcia, M. (Maria), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), Keeman, R. (Renske), Canisius, S. (Sander), Ahearn, T. U. (Thomas U.), Andrulis, I. L. (Irene L.), Anton-Culver, H. (Hoda), Arndt, V. (Volker), Auer, P. L. (Paul L.), Augustinsson, A. (Annelie), Freeman, L. E. (Laura E. Beane), Becher, H. (Heiko), Beckmann, M. W. (Matthias W.), Behrens, S. (Sabine), Bojesen, S. E. (Stig E.), Bolla, M. K. (Manjeet K.), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Bruening, T. (Thomas), Buys, S. S. (Saundra S.), Caan, B. (Bette), Campa, D. (Daniele), Canzian, F. (Federico), Castelao, J. E. (Jose E.), Chang-Claude, J. (Jenny), Chanock, S. J. (Stephen J.), Cheng, T. D. (Ting-Yuan David), Clarke, C. L. (Christine L.), Colonna, S. V. (Sarah, V), Couch, F. J. (Fergus J.), Cox, A. (Angela), Cross, S. S. (Simon S.), Czene, K. (Kamila), Daly, M. B. (Mary B.), Dennis, J. (Joe), Dork, T. (Thilo), Dossus, L. (Laure), Dunning, A. M. (Alison M.), Dwek, M. (Miriam), Eccles, D. M. (Diana M.), Ekici, A. B. (Arif B.), Eliassen, A. H. (A. Heather), Eriksson, M. (Mikael), Evans, D. G. (D. Gareth), Fasching, P. A. (Peter A.), Flyger, H. (Henrik), Fritschi, L. (Lin), Gago-Dominguez, M. (Manuela), Garcia-Saenz, J. A. (Jose A.), Giles, G. G. (Graham G.), Grip, M. (Mervi), Guenel, P. (Pascal), Guendert, M. (Melanie), Hahnen, E. (Eric), Haiman, C. A. (Christopher A.), Hakansson, N. (Niclas), Hall, P. (Per), Hamann, U. (Ute), Hart, S. N. (Steven N.), Hartikainen, J. M. (Jaana M.), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), He, W. (Wei), Hooning, M. J. (Maartje J.), Hoppe, R. (Reiner), Hopper, J. L. (John L.), Howell, A. (Anthony), Hunter, D. J. (David J.), Jager, A. (Agnes), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Janni, W. (Wolfgang), John, E. M. (Esther M.), Jung, A. Y. (Audrey Y.), Kaaks, R. (Rudolf), Keupers, M. (Machteld), Kitahara, C. M. (Cari M.), Koutros, S. (Stella), Kraft, P. (Peter), Kristensen, V. N. (Vessela N.), Kurian, A. W. (Allison W.), Lacey, J. V. (James, V), Lambrechts, D. (Diether), Le Marchand, L. (Loic), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Linet, M. (Martha), Luben, R. N. (Robert N.), Lush, M. (Michael), Mannermaa, A. (Arto), Manoochehri, M. (Mehdi), Margolin, S. (Sara), Martens, J. W. (John W. M.), Martinez, M. E. (Maria Elena), Mavroudis, D. (Dimitrios), Michailidou, K. (Kyriaki), Milne, R. L. (Roger L.), Mulligan, A. M. (Anna Marie), Muranen, T. A. (Taru A.), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Newman, W. G. (William G.), Nielsen, S. F. (Sune F.), Nordestgaard, B. G. (Borge G.), Olshan, A. F. (Andrew F.), Olsson, H. (Hakan), Orr, N. (Nick), Park-Simon, T.-W. (Tjoung-Won), Patel, A. V. (Alpa, V), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Plaseska-Karanfilska, D. (Dijana), Prajzendanc, K. (Karolina), Prentice, R. (Ross), Presneau, N. (Nadege), Rack, B. (Brigitte), Rennert, G. (Gad), Rennert, H. S. (Hedy S.), Rhenius, V. (Valerie), Romero, A. (Atocha), Roylance, R. (Rebecca), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Ruebner, M. (Matthias), Saloustros, E. (Emmanouil), Sawyer, E. J. (Elinor J.), Schmutzler, R. K. (Rita K.), Schneeweiss, A. (Andreas), Scott, C. (Christopher), Shah, M. (Mitul), Smichkoska, S. (Snezhana), Southey, M. C. (Melissa C.), Stone, J. (Jennifer), Surowy, H. (Harald), Swerdlow, A. J. (Anthony J.), Tamimi, R. M. (Rulla M.), Tapper, W. J. (William J.), Teras, L. R. (Lauren R.), Terry, M. B. (Mary Beth), Tollenaar, R. A. (Rob A. E. M.), Tomlinson, I. (Ian), Troester, M. A. (Melissa A.), Truong, T. (Therese), Vachon, C. M. (Celine M.), Wang, Q. (Qin), Hurson, A. N. (Amber N.), Winqvist, R. (Robert), Wolk, A. (Alicja), Ziogas, A. (Argyrios), Brauch, H. (Hiltrud), Garcia-Closas, M. (Montserrat), Pharoah, P. D. (Paul D. P.), Easton, D. F. (Douglas F.), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Schmidt, M. K. (Marjanka K.), Morra, A. (Anna), Escala-Garcia, M. (Maria), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), Keeman, R. (Renske), Canisius, S. (Sander), Ahearn, T. U. (Thomas U.), Andrulis, I. L. (Irene L.), Anton-Culver, H. (Hoda), Arndt, V. (Volker), Auer, P. L. (Paul L.), Augustinsson, A. (Annelie), Freeman, L. E. (Laura E. Beane), Becher, H. (Heiko), Beckmann, M. W. (Matthias W.), Behrens, S. (Sabine), Bojesen, S. E. (Stig E.), Bolla, M. K. (Manjeet K.), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Bruening, T. (Thomas), Buys, S. S. (Saundra S.), Caan, B. (Bette), Campa, D. (Daniele), Canzian, F. (Federico), Castelao, J. E. (Jose E.), Chang-Claude, J. (Jenny), Chanock, S. J. (Stephen J.), Cheng, T. D. (Ting-Yuan David), Clarke, C. L. (Christine L.), Colonna, S. V. (Sarah, V), Couch, F. J. (Fergus J.), Cox, A. (Angela), Cross, S. S. (Simon S.), Czene, K. (Kamila), Daly, M. B. (Mary B.), Dennis, J. (Joe), Dork, T. (Thilo), Dossus, L. (Laure), Dunning, A. M. (Alison M.), Dwek, M. (Miriam), Eccles, D. M. (Diana M.), Ekici, A. B. (Arif B.), Eliassen, A. H. (A. Heather), Eriksson, M. (Mikael), Evans, D. G. (D. Gareth), Fasching, P. A. (Peter A.), Flyger, H. (Henrik), Fritschi, L. (Lin), Gago-Dominguez, M. (Manuela), Garcia-Saenz, J. A. (Jose A.), Giles, G. G. (Graham G.), Grip, M. (Mervi), Guenel, P. (Pascal), Guendert, M. (Melanie), Hahnen, E. (Eric), Haiman, C. A. (Christopher A.), Hakansson, N. (Niclas), Hall, P. (Per), Hamann, U. (Ute), Hart, S. N. (Steven N.), Hartikainen, J. M. (Jaana M.), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), He, W. (Wei), Hooning, M. J. (Maartje J.), Hoppe, R. (Reiner), Hopper, J. L. (John L.), Howell, A. (Anthony), Hunter, D. J. (David J.), Jager, A. (Agnes), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Janni, W. (Wolfgang), John, E. M. (Esther M.), Jung, A. Y. (Audrey Y.), Kaaks, R. (Rudolf), Keupers, M. (Machteld), Kitahara, C. M. (Cari M.), Koutros, S. (Stella), Kraft, P. (Peter), Kristensen, V. N. (Vessela N.), Kurian, A. W. (Allison W.), Lacey, J. V. (James, V), Lambrechts, D. (Diether), Le Marchand, L. (Loic), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Linet, M. (Martha), Luben, R. N. (Robert N.), Lush, M. (Michael), Mannermaa, A. (Arto), Manoochehri, M. (Mehdi), Margolin, S. (Sara), Martens, J. W. (John W. M.), Martinez, M. E. (Maria Elena), Mavroudis, D. (Dimitrios), Michailidou, K. (Kyriaki), Milne, R. L. (Roger L.), Mulligan, A. M. (Anna Marie), Muranen, T. A. (Taru A.), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Newman, W. G. (William G.), Nielsen, S. F. (Sune F.), Nordestgaard, B. G. (Borge G.), Olshan, A. F. (Andrew F.), Olsson, H. (Hakan), Orr, N. (Nick), Park-Simon, T.-W. (Tjoung-Won), Patel, A. V. (Alpa, V), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Plaseska-Karanfilska, D. (Dijana), Prajzendanc, K. (Karolina), Prentice, R. (Ross), Presneau, N. (Nadege), Rack, B. (Brigitte), Rennert, G. (Gad), Rennert, H. S. (Hedy S.), Rhenius, V. (Valerie), Romero, A. (Atocha), Roylance, R. (Rebecca), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Ruebner, M. (Matthias), Saloustros, E. (Emmanouil), Sawyer, E. J. (Elinor J.), Schmutzler, R. K. (Rita K.), Schneeweiss, A. (Andreas), Scott, C. (Christopher), Shah, M. (Mitul), Smichkoska, S. (Snezhana), Southey, M. C. (Melissa C.), Stone, J. (Jennifer), Surowy, H. (Harald), Swerdlow, A. J. (Anthony J.), Tamimi, R. M. (Rulla M.), Tapper, W. J. (William J.), Teras, L. R. (Lauren R.), Terry, M. B. (Mary Beth), Tollenaar, R. A. (Rob A. E. M.), Tomlinson, I. (Ian), Troester, M. A. (Melissa A.), Truong, T. (Therese), Vachon, C. M. (Celine M.), Wang, Q. (Qin), Hurson, A. N. (Amber N.), Winqvist, R. (Robert), Wolk, A. (Alicja), Ziogas, A. (Argyrios), Brauch, H. (Hiltrud), Garcia-Closas, M. (Montserrat), Pharoah, P. D. (Paul D. P.), Easton, D. F. (Douglas F.), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), and Schmidt, M. K. (Marjanka K.)

Abstract

Background: Given the high heterogeneity among breast tumors, associations between common germline genetic variants and survival that may exist within specific subgroups could go undetected in an unstratified set of breast cancer patients. Methods: We performed genome-wide association analyses within 15 subgroups of breast cancer patients based on prognostic factors, including hormone receptors, tumor grade, age, and type of systemic treatment. Analyses were based on 91,686 female patients of European ancestry from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, including 7531 breast cancer-specific deaths over a median follow-up of 8.1 years. Cox regression was used to assess associations of common germline variants with 15-year and 5-year breast cancer-specific survival. We assessed the probability of these associations being true positives via the Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP & 0.15). Results: Evidence of associations with breast cancer-specific survival was observed in three patient subgroups, with variant rs5934618 in patients with grade 3 tumors (15-year-hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] 1.32 [1.20, 1.45], P = 1.4E−08, BFDP = 0.01, per G allele); variant rs4679741 in patients with ER-positive tumors treated with endocrine therapy (15-year-HR [95% CI] 1.18 [1.11, 1.26], P = 1.6E−07, BFDP = 0.09, per G allele); variants rs1106333 (15-year-HR [95% CI] 1.68 [1.39,2.03], P = 5.6E−08, BFDP = 0.12, per A allele) and rs78754389 (5-year-HR [95% CI] 1.79 [1.46,2.20], P = 1.7E−08, BFDP = 0.07, per A allele), in patients with ER-negative tumors treated with chemotherapy. Conclusions: We found evidence of four loci associated with breast cancer-specific survival within three patient subgroups. There was limited evidence for the existence of associations in other patient subgroups. However, the power for many subgroups is limited due to the low number of events. Even so, our results suggest that the impact of common germline genetic varia

Published
2021

2. Immunohistochemical and molecular characterizations in urothelial carcinoma of bladder in patients less than 45 years

Author

Weyerer, V. (Veronika), Schneckenpointner, R. (Roland), Filbeck, T. (Thomas), Burger, M. (Maximilian), Hofstaedter, F. (Ferdinand), Wild, P.J. (Peter Johannes), Fine, S.W. (Samson W.), Humphrey, P.A. (Peter), Dehner, L.P. (Louis P.), Amin, M.B. (Mahul), Rüschoff, J. (Josef), Boltze, C. (Carsten), Tannapfel, A. (Andrea), Zwarthoff, E.C. (Ellen), Lopez-Beltran, A. (Antonio), Montironi, R. (Rodolfo), Langner, C. (Cord), Stoehr, R. (Robert), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), Giedl, J. (Johannes), Weyerer, V. (Veronika), Schneckenpointner, R. (Roland), Filbeck, T. (Thomas), Burger, M. (Maximilian), Hofstaedter, F. (Ferdinand), Wild, P.J. (Peter Johannes), Fine, S.W. (Samson W.), Humphrey, P.A. (Peter), Dehner, L.P. (Louis P.), Amin, M.B. (Mahul), Rüschoff, J. (Josef), Boltze, C. (Carsten), Tannapfel, A. (Andrea), Zwarthoff, E.C. (Ellen), Lopez-Beltran, A. (Antonio), Montironi, R. (Rodolfo), Langner, C. (Cord), Stoehr, R. (Robert), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), and Giedl, J. (Johannes)

Abstract

Bladder tumours in early-onset patients are rare and seem to exhibit unique clinicopathological features. Only few studies have investigated somatic alterations in this specific age of onset group and evidence is accumulating of a distinct molecular behaviour of early-onset bladder tumours. We collected the largest cohort of early-onset tumours of patients 45 years old or younger and aimed to test genomic alterations typically found in bladder cancer. Tumours of 118 early-onset patients were compared with a consecutive group of 113 cases. Immunohistochemistry of TP53, CK20 and Ki-67 was carried out. Molecular analysis was conducted to test for loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 9 and 17, as well as TP53 and FGFR3 mutations. Fisheŕs exact and chi-squared test were appropriately used. No differences in grade/stage characteristics were observed. Overexpressed TP53 was differentially distributed between the two groups. TP53 nuclear accumulation was significantly more frequent in early-onset papillomas, PUNLMPs and pTa low-grade tumours compared to the consecutive cohort (p=0.005). Moreover, chromosome 9 deletions (29.5% vs. 44.6%) and FGFR3 mutations (34.5% vs. 63.7%) were less often detected in early-onset patients (p=0.05 and p<0.0001). By comparing the largest cohort of early-onset bladder cancer patients with an unselected group, we demonstrated that the typical molecular features are not independent of age at diagnosis. Our study supports the hypothesis of a distinct biological behaviour in early-onset tumours.

Published
2017
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3. PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM rare variants and cancer risk:data from COGS

Author

Southey, M. C. (Melissa C.), Goldgar, D. E. (David E.), Winqvist, R. (Robert), Pylkäs, K. (Katri), Couch, F. (Fergus), Tischkowitz, M. (Marc), Foulkes, W. D. (William D.), Dennis, J. (Joe), Michailidou, K. (Kyriaki), van Rensburg, E. J. (Elizabeth J.), Heikkinen, T. (Tuomas), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Hopper, J. L. (John L.), Doerk, T. (Thilo), Claes, K. B. (Kathleen B. M.), Reis-Filho, J. (Jorge), Teo, Z. L. (Zhi Ling), Radice, P. (Paolo), Catucci, I. (Irene), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Tsimiklis, H. (Helen), Odefrey, F. A. (Fabrice A.), Dowty, J. G. (James G.), Schmidt, M. K. (Marjanka K.), Broeks, A. (Annegien), Hogervorst, F. B. (Frans B.), Verhoef, S. (Senno), Carpenter, J. (Jane), Clarke, C. (Christine), Scott, R. J. (Rodney J.), Fasching, P. A. (Peter A.), Haeberle, L. (Lothar), Ekici, A. B. (Arif B.), Beckmann, M. W. (Matthias W.), Peto, J. (Julian), dos-Santos-Silva, I. (Isabel), Fletcher, O. (Olivia), Johnson, N. (Nichola), Bolla, M. K. (Manjeet K.), Sawyer, E. J. (Elinor J.), Tomlinson, I. (Ian), Kerin, M. J. (Michael J.), Miller, N. (Nicola), Marme, F. (Federik), Burwinkel, B. (Barbara), Yang, R. (Rongxi), Guenel, P. (Pascal), Menegaux, F. (Florence), Sanchez, M. (Marie), Bojesen, S. (Stig), Nielsen, S. F. (Sune F.), Flyger, H. (Henrik), Benitez, J. (Javier), Pilar Zamora, M. (M.), Arias Perez, J. I. (Jose Ignacio), Menendez, P. (Primitiva), Anton-Culver, H. (Hoda), Neuhausen, S. (Susan), Ziogas, A. (Argyrios), Clarke, C. A. (Christina A.), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Arndt, V. (Volker), Stegmaier, C. (Christa), Brauch, H. (Hiltrud), Bruening, T. (Thomas), Ko, Y.-D. (Yon-Dschun), Muranen, T. A. (Taru A.), Aittomaki, K. (Kristiina), Blomqvist, C. (Carl), Bogdanova, N. V. (Natalia V.), Antonenkova, N. N. (Natalia N.), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Margolin, S. (Sara), Mannermaa, A. (Arto), Kataja, V. (Vesa), Kosma, V.-M. (Veli-Matti), Hartikainen, J. M. (Jaana M.), Spurdle, A. B. (Amanda B.), Wauters, E. (Els), Smeets, D. (Dominiek), Beuselinck, B. (Benoit), Floris, G. (Giuseppe), Chang-Claude, J. (Jenny), Rudolph, A. (Anja), Seibold, P. (Petra), Flesch-Janys, D. (Dieter), Olson, J. E. (Janet E.), Vachon, C. (Celine), Pankratz, V. S. (Vernon S.), McLean, C. (Catriona), Haiman, C. A. (Christopher A.), Henderson, B. E. (Brian E.), Schumacher, F. (Fredrick), Le Marchand, L. (Loic), Kristensen, V. (Vessela), Alnaes, G. G. (Grethe Grenaker), Zheng, W. (Wei), Hunter, D. J. (David J.), Lindstrom, S. (Sara), Hankinson, S. E. (Susan E.), Kraft, P. (Peter), Andrulis, I. (Irene), Knight, J. A. (Julia A.), Glendon, G. (Gord), Mulligan, A. M. (Anna Marie), Jukkola-Vuorinen, A. (Arja), Grip, M. (Mervi), Kauppila, S. (Saila), Devilee, P. (Peter), Tollenaar, R. A. (Robert A. E. M.), Seynaeve, C. (Caroline), Hollestelle, A. (Antoinette), Garcia-Closas, M. (Montserrat), Figueroa, J. (Jonine), Chanock, S. J. (Stephen J.), Lissowska, J. (Jolanta), Czene, K. (Kamila), Darabi, H. (Hatef), Eriksson, M. (Mikael), Eccles, D. M. (Diana M.), Rafiq, S. (Sajjad), Tapper, W. J. (William J.), Gerty, S. M. (Sue M.), Hooning, M. J. (Maartje J.), Martens, J. W. (John W. M.), Collee, J. M. (J. Margriet), Tilanus-Linthorst, M. (Madeleine), Hall, P. (Per), Li, J. (Jingmei), Brand, J. S. (Judith S.), Humphreys, K. (Keith), Cox, A. (Angela), Reed, M. W. (Malcolm W. R.), Luccarini, C. (Craig), Baynes, C. (Caroline), Dunning, A. M. (Alison M.), Hamann, U. (Ute), Torres, D. (Diana), Ulmer, H. U. (Hans Ulrich), Ruediger, T. (Thomas), Jakubowska, A. (Anna), Lubinski, J. (Jan), Jaworska, K. (Katarzyna), Durda, K. (Katarzyna), Slager, S. (Susan), Toland, A. E. (Amanda E.), Ambrosone, C. B. (Christine B.), Yannoukakos, D. (Drakoulis), Swerdlow, A. (Anthony), Ashworth, A. (Alan), Orr, N. (Nick), Jones, M. (Michael), Gonzalez-Neira, A. (Anna), Pita, G. (Guillermo), Rosario Alonso, M. (M.), Alvarez, N. (Nuria), Herrero, D. (Daniel), Tessier, D. C. (Daniel C.), Vincent, D. (Daniel), Bacot, F. (Francois), Simard, J. (Jacques), Dumont, M. (Martine), Soucy, P. (Penny), Eeles, R. (Rosalind), Muir, K. (Kenneth), Wiklund, F. (Fredrik), Gronberg, H. (Henrik), Schleutker, J. (Johanna), Nordestgaard, B. G. (Borge G.), Weischer, M. (Maren), Travis, R. C. (Ruth C.), Neal, D. (David), Donovan, J. L. (Jenny L.), Hamdy, F. C. (Freddie C.), Khaw, K.-T. (Kay-Tee), Stanford, J. L. (Janet L.), Blot, W. J. (William J.), Thibodeau, S. (Stephen), Schaid, D. J. (Daniel J.), Kelley, J. L. (Joseph L.), Maier, C. (Christiane), Kibel, A. S. (Adam S.), Cybulski, C. (Cezary), Cannon-Albright, L. (Lisa), Butterbach, K. (Katja), Park, J. (Jong), Kaneva, R. (Radka), Batra, J. (Jyotsna), Teixeira, M. R. (Manuel R.), Kote-Jarai, Z. (Zsofia), Al Olama, A. A. (Ali Amin), Benlloch, S. (Sara), Renner, S. P. (Stefan P.), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), Hein, A. (Alexander), Ruebner, M. (Matthias), Lambrechts, D. (Diether), Van Nieuwenhuysen, E. (Els), Vergote, I. (Ignace), Lambretchs, S. (Sandrina), Doherty, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Rossing, M. A. (Mary Anne), Nickels, S. (Stefan), Eilber, U. (Ursula), Wang-Gohrke, S. (Shan), Odunsi, K. (Kunle), Sucheston-Campbell, L. E. (Lara E.), Friel, G. (Grace), Lurie, G. (Galina), Killeen, J. L. (Jeffrey L.), Wilkens, L. R. (Lynne R.), Goodman, M. T. (Marc T.), Runnebaum, I. (Ingo), Hillemanns, P. A. (Peter A.), Pelttari, L. M. (Liisa M.), Butzow, R. (Ralf), Modugno, F. (Francesmary), Edwards, R. P. (Robert P.), Ness, R. B. (Roberta B.), Moysich, K. B. (Kirsten B.), du Bois, A. (Andreas), Heitz, F. (Florian), Harter, P. (Philipp), Kommoss, S. (Stefan), Karlan, B. Y. (Beth Y.), Walsh, C. (Christine), Lester, J. (Jenny), Jensen, A. (Allan), Kjaer, S. K. (Susanne Kruger), Hogdall, E. (Estrid), Peissel, B. (Bernard), Bonanni, B. (Bernardo), Bernard, L. (Loris), Goode, E. L. (Ellen L.), Fridley, B. L. (Brooke L.), Vierkant, R. A. (Robert A.), Cunningham, J. M. (Julie M.), Larson, M. C. (Melissa C.), Fogarty, Z. C. (Zachary C.), Kalli, K. R. (Kimberly R.), Liang, D. (Dong), Lu, K. H. (Karen H.), Hildebrandt, M. A. (Michelle A. T.), Wu, X. (Xifeng), Levine, D. A. (Douglas A.), Dao, F. (Fanny), Bisogna, M. (Maria), Berchuck, A. (Andrew), Iversen, E. S. (Edwin S.), Marks, J. R. (Jeffrey R.), Akushevich, L. (Lucy), Cramer, D. W. (Daniel W.), Schildkraut, J. (Joellen), Terry, K. L. (Kathryn L.), Poole, E. M. (Elizabeth M.), Stampfer, M. (Meir), Tworoger, S. S. (Shelley S.), Bandera, E. V. (Elisa V.), Orlow, I. (Irene), Olson, S. H. (Sara H.), Bjorge, L. (Line), Salvesen, H. B. (Helga B.), van Altena, A. M. (Anne M.), Aben, K. K. (Katja K. H.), Kiemeney, L. A. (Lambertus A.), Massuger, L. F. (Leon F. A. G.), Pejovic, T. (Tanja), Bean, Y. (Yukie), Brooks-Wilson, A. (Angela), Kelemen, L. E. (Linda E.), Cook, L. S. (Linda S.), Le, N. D. (Nhu D.), Grski, B. (Bohdan), Gronwald, J. (Jacek), Menkiszak, J. (Janusz), Hogdall, C. K. (Claus K.), Lundvall, L. (Lene), Nedergaard, L. (Lotte), Engelholm, S. A. (Svend Aage), Dicks, E. (Ed), Tyrer, J. (Jonathan), Campbell, I. (Ian), McNeish, I. (Iain), Paul, J. (James), Siddiqui, N. (Nadeem), Glasspool, R. (Rosalind), Whittemore, A. S. (Alice S.), Rothstein, J. H. (Joseph H.), McGuire, V. (Valerie), Sieh, W. (Weiva), Cai, H. (Hui), Shu, X.-O. (Xiao-Ou), Teten, R. T. (Rachel T.), Sutphen, R. (Rebecca), McLaughlin, J. R. (John R.), Narod, S. A. (Steven A.), Phelan, C. M. (Catherine M.), Monteiro, A. N. (Alvaro N.), Fenstermacher, D. (David), Lin, H.-Y. (Hui-Yi), Permuth, J. B. (Jennifer B.), Sellers, T. A. (Thomas A.), Chen, Y. A. (Y. Ann), Tsai, Y.-Y. (Ya-Yu), Chen, Z. (Zhihua), Gentry-Maharaj, A. (Aleksandra), Gayther, S. A. (Simon A.), Ramus, S. J. (Susan J.), Menon, U. (Usha), Wu, A. H. (Anna H.), Pearce, C. L. (Celeste L.), Van den Berg, D. (David), Pike, M. C. (Malcolm C.), Dansonka-Mieszkowska, A. (Agnieszka), Plisiecka-Halasa, J. (Joanna), Moes-Sosnowska, J. (Joanna), Kupryjanczyk, J. (Jolanta), Pharoah, P. D. (Paul D. P.), Song, H. (Honglin), Winship, I. (Ingrid), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Giles, G. G. (Graham G.), Tavtigian, S. V. (Sean V.), Easton, D. F. (Doug F.), and Milne, R. L. (Roger L.)

Subjects
skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

Background: The rarity of mutations in PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM make it difficult to estimate precisely associated cancer risks. Population-based family studies have provided evidence that at least some of these mutations are associated with breast cancer risk as high as those associated with rare BRCA2 mutations. We aimed to estimate the relative risks associated with specific rare variants in PALB2, CHEK2 and ATM via a multicentre case-control study. Methods: We genotyped 10 rare mutations using the custom iCOGS array: PALB2 c.1592delT, c.2816T>G and c.3113G>A, CHEK2 c.349A>G, c.538C>T, c.715G>A, c.1036C>T, c.1312G>T, and c.1343T>G and ATM c.7271T>G. We assessed associations with breast cancer risk (42 671 cases and 42 164 controls), as well as prostate (22 301 cases and 22 320 controls) and ovarian (14 542 cases and 23 491 controls) cancer risk, for each variant. Results: For European women, strong evidence of association with breast cancer risk was observed for PALB2 c.1592delT OR 3.44 (95% CI 1.39 to 8.52, p = 7.1 × 10⁻⁵), PALB2 c.3113G>A OR 4.21 (95% CI 1.84 to 9.60, p = 6.9 × 10⁻⁸) and ATM c.7271T>G OR 11.0 (95% CI 1.42 to 85.7, p = 0.0012). We also found evidence of association with breast cancer risk for three variants in CHEK2, c.349A>G OR 2.26 (95% CI 1.29 to 3.95), c.1036C>T OR 5.06 (95% CI 1.09 to 23.5) and c.538C>T OR 1.33 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.67) (p ≤ 0.017). Evidence for prostate cancer risk was observed for CHEK2 c.1343T>G OR 3.03 (95% CI 1.53 to 6.03, p = 0.0006) for African men and CHEK2 c.1312G>T OR 2.21 (95% CI 1.06 to 4.63, p = 0.030) for European men. No evidence of association with ovarian cancer was found for any of these variants. Conclusions: This report adds to accumulating evidence that at least some variants in these genes are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer that is clinically important.

Published
2016

4. Positive fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 immunoreactivity is associated with low-grade non-invasive urothelial bladder cancer

Author

Poyet, C. (Cédric), Hermanns, T. (Thomas), Zhong, Q. (Qing), Drescher, E. (Eva), Eberli, D. (Daniel), Burger, M. (Maximilian), Hofstaedter, F. (Ferdinand), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), Stöhr, R. (Robert), Zwarthoff, E.C. (Ellen), Sulser, T. (Tullio), Wild, P.J. (Peter J.), Poyet, C. (Cédric), Hermanns, T. (Thomas), Zhong, Q. (Qing), Drescher, E. (Eva), Eberli, D. (Daniel), Burger, M. (Maximilian), Hofstaedter, F. (Ferdinand), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), Stöhr, R. (Robert), Zwarthoff, E.C. (Ellen), Sulser, T. (Tullio), and Wild, P.J. (Peter J.)

Abstract

In addition to conventional clinicopathological parameters, molecular markers are also required in order to predict the course of disease in patients with urothelial bladder cancer (BC). Little is known about fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) immunoreactivity and the clinical significance it may possess with regard to BC. The present study aimed to investigate the immunoreactivity of FGFR3 in primary urothelial bladder tumours, with regard to clinicopathological features and FGFR3 mutation status. Tissue microarrays were used to immunohistochemically analyse FGFR3 expression in 255 primary, unselected patients with BC. FGFR3 mutations were detected using SNaPshot analysis. Positive FGFR3 immunoreactivity was identified in 113/207 analysable cases (54.6%), and was significantly associated with FGFR3 mutation (P<0.001), low tumour stage (P<0.001), low histological grade (P<0.001) and a papillary growth pattern (P<0.001). Positive FGFR3 immunostaining (P=0.002) and FGFR3 mutation (P=0.002) were found to be significantly associated with increased disease-specific survival following univariate analysis, demonstrating a median follow-up period of 75 months. Using multivariate analyses, FGFR3 immunoreactivity was found not to be independent of classical pathological parameters. Immunohistochemical expression of FGFR3 is an early occurrence during the carcinogenesis of papillary non-invasive BC. The presence of FGFR3 immunoreactivity in non‑invasive papillary urothelial carcinomas may be utilised as an indicator of tumours possessing low-grade features and good prognosis.

Published
2015
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5. Prevention of fraud, corruption and bribery committed through legal entities for the purpose of financial and economic gain

Author

Hartmann, A. (Arndt), Hulst, J.W. (Jaap) van der, Hartmann, A. (Arndt), and Hulst, J.W. (Jaap) van der

Abstract

In Dutch law there is no overall criminal offence on corruption. In Dutch criminal law corruption is divided in specific criminal offences which all have their own specific definition. Most corruption can be qualified as a criminal offence but it is sometimes difficult to qualify them as such. Qualifying in general as an offence is easy (forgery for example) but proving that the act specifically qualifies as corruption is harder. Given this general observation, a specific form of active corruption in the Dutch Criminal Code (DCC) seems relevant regarding to art. 2, par. 1, section a of the Framework Decision 2003/568/JHA of 22 July 2003 on combatting corruption in the private sector. Art. 328ter par. 2 of the DCC deals with bribery of a private person: punishable is the private person that gives or offers someone other than a civil servant, working in employement or acting as an agent, in exchange for something he has done or not done or will do or refrain from doing in the performance of his burden, a gift or promise, or a service of that nature or under such circumstances that he should reasonable assume that such a gift or promise will be withheld from his employer or principal contrary to good faith. This provision covers active corruption on the initiative of all private persons, including employees, managers and directors of private entities. However, this provision is limited to the bribery of employees and managers and seems to exclude the bribery of a director of a private entity. This means that this provision does not fully cover the obligation under art. 2, par. 1, section a of the Framework Decision 2003/568/JHA. In addition to art. 328ter DCC more general provisions can be used, especcially when the active corruption involves bribery of a director of a private entity. Dependant upon the circumstances of the case the provisions on forgery, falsifying of documents and cheating could be relevant. These circumstances should then involve: the forgery of a w

Published
2012

6. 19p13.1 Is a triple-negative-specific breast cancer susceptibility locus

Author

Stevens, K. (Kristen), Fredericksen, Z. (Zachary), Vachon, C. (Celine), Wang, X. (Xing), Margolin, S. (Sara), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Greco, D. (Dario), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Blomqvist, C. (Carl), Chang-Claude, J. (Jenny), Vrieling, A. (Alina), Flesch-Janys, D. (Dieter), Sinn, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Wang-Gohrke, S. (Shan), Nickels, S. (Stefan), Brauch, H. (Hiltrud), Ko, Y-D. (Yon-Dschun), Fischer, H.-P., Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Bartram, C.R. (Claus), Schott, S. (Sarah), Engel, C. (Christoph), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Weaver, J. (JoEllen), Pathak, S.S., Sharma, P. (Pankaj), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Müller, H. (Heiko), Arndt, V. (Volker), Stegmaier, C. (Christa), Miron, P. (Penelope), Yannoukakos, D. (Drakoulis), Stavropoulou, A. (Alexandra), Fountzilas, G. (George), Gogas, H. (Helen), Swann, R. (Ruth), Dwek, M. (Miriam), Perkins, A. (Annie), Milne, R.L. (Roger), Benítez, J. (Javier), Zamora, M.P. (Pilar), Perez, J.I.A. (Jose Ignacio Arias), Bojesen, S.E. (Stig), Nielsen, S.F. (Sune), Nordestgaard, B.G. (Børge), Flyger, H. (Henrik), Guénel, P. (Pascal), Truong, T. (Thérèse), Menegaux, F. (Florence), Cordina-Duverger, E. (Emilie), Burwinkel, B. (Barbara), Marme, F. (Federick), Schneeweiss, A. (Andreas), Sohn, C. (Christof), Sawyer, E.J. (Elinor), Tomlinson, I.P. (Ian), Kerin, M. (Michael), Peto, J. (Julian), Johnson, N. (Nichola), Fletcher, O. (Olivia), Santos Silva, I. (Isabel) dos, Fasching, P.A. (Peter), Beckmann, M.W. (Matthias), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), Ekici, A.B. (Arif), Lophatananon, A. (Artitaya), Muir, K.R. (Kenneth), Puttawibul, P. (Puttisak), Wiangnon, S. (Surapon), Schmidt, M.K. (Marjanka), Broeks, A. (Annegien), Braaf, L.M. (Linde), Rosenberg, E.H. (Efraim), Hopper, J.L. (John), Apicella, C. (Carmel), Park, D.J. (Daniel), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Swerdlow, A.J. (Anthony ), Ashworth, A. (Alan), Nicholas, O. (Orr), Schoemaker, M. (Minouk), Anton-Culver, H. (Hoda), Ziogas, A. (Argyrios), Bernstein, L. (Leslie), Dur, C.C. (Christina Clarke), Shen, C-Y. (Chen-Yang), Yu, J-C. (Jyh-Cherng), Hsu, H.-M. (Huan-Ming), Hsiung, C.-N. (Chia-Ni), Hamann, U. (Ute), Dünnebier, T. (Thomas), Rud̈iger, T. (Thomas), Ulmer, H.U. (Hans), Pharoah, P.D.P. (Paul), Dunning, A.M. (Alison), Humphreys, M.K. (Manjeet), Wang, Q. (Qing), Cox, A. (Angela), Cross, S.S. (Simon), Reed, M.W.R. (Malcolm), Hall, P. (Per), Czene, K. (Kamila), Ambrosone, C.B. (Christine), Ademuyiwa, F. (Foluso), Hwang, H. (Helena), Eccles, D. (Diana), García-Closas, M. (Montserrat), Figueroa, J.D. (Jonine), Sherman, M.E. (Mark), Lissowska, J. (Jolanta), Devilee, P. (Peter), Seynaeve, C.M. (Caroline), Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. (Rob), Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Knight, J.A. (Julia), Glendon, G. (Gord), Mulligan, A.M. (Anna Marie), Winqvist, R. (Robert), Pykäs, K. (Katri), Jukkola-Vuorinen, A. (Arja), Grip, M. (Mervi), John, E.M. (Esther), Miron, A. (Alexander), Alnæs, G.G. (Grethe), Kristensen, V. (Vessela), Brøresen-Dale, A.-L. (Anne-Lise), Giles, G.G. (Graham), Baglietto, L. (Laura), McLean, C.A. (Catriona Ann), Severi, G. (Gianluca), Kosel, M. (Matthew), Pankratz, V.S. (Shane), Slager, S. (Susan), Olson, J.E. (Janet), Radice, P. (Paolo), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Barile, M. (Monica), Lambrechts, D. (Diether), Hatse, S. (Sigrid), Dieudonné, A.-S. (Anne-Sophie), Christiaens, M.R. (Marie Rose), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), Chen, X. (Xiaoqing), Mannermaa, A. (Arto), Kosma, V-M. (Veli-Matti), Hartikainen, J. (Jaana), Soini, Y. (Ylermi), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), Couch, F.J. (Fergus), Stevens, K. (Kristen), Fredericksen, Z. (Zachary), Vachon, C. (Celine), Wang, X. (Xing), Margolin, S. (Sara), Lindblom, A. (Annika), Nevanlinna, H. (Heli), Greco, D. (Dario), Aittomäki, K. (Kristiina), Blomqvist, C. (Carl), Chang-Claude, J. (Jenny), Vrieling, A. (Alina), Flesch-Janys, D. (Dieter), Sinn, H.-P. (Hans-Peter), Wang-Gohrke, S. (Shan), Nickels, S. (Stefan), Brauch, H. (Hiltrud), Ko, Y-D. (Yon-Dschun), Fischer, H.-P., Schmutzler, R.K. (Rita), Meindl, A. (Alfons), Bartram, C.R. (Claus), Schott, S. (Sarah), Engel, C. (Christoph), Godwin, A.K. (Andrew), Weaver, J. (JoEllen), Pathak, S.S., Sharma, P. (Pankaj), Brenner, H. (Hermann), Müller, H. (Heiko), Arndt, V. (Volker), Stegmaier, C. (Christa), Miron, P. (Penelope), Yannoukakos, D. (Drakoulis), Stavropoulou, A. (Alexandra), Fountzilas, G. (George), Gogas, H. (Helen), Swann, R. (Ruth), Dwek, M. (Miriam), Perkins, A. (Annie), Milne, R.L. (Roger), Benítez, J. (Javier), Zamora, M.P. (Pilar), Perez, J.I.A. (Jose Ignacio Arias), Bojesen, S.E. (Stig), Nielsen, S.F. (Sune), Nordestgaard, B.G. (Børge), Flyger, H. (Henrik), Guénel, P. (Pascal), Truong, T. (Thérèse), Menegaux, F. (Florence), Cordina-Duverger, E. (Emilie), Burwinkel, B. (Barbara), Marme, F. (Federick), Schneeweiss, A. (Andreas), Sohn, C. (Christof), Sawyer, E.J. (Elinor), Tomlinson, I.P. (Ian), Kerin, M. (Michael), Peto, J. (Julian), Johnson, N. (Nichola), Fletcher, O. (Olivia), Santos Silva, I. (Isabel) dos, Fasching, P.A. (Peter), Beckmann, M.W. (Matthias), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), Ekici, A.B. (Arif), Lophatananon, A. (Artitaya), Muir, K.R. (Kenneth), Puttawibul, P. (Puttisak), Wiangnon, S. (Surapon), Schmidt, M.K. (Marjanka), Broeks, A. (Annegien), Braaf, L.M. (Linde), Rosenberg, E.H. (Efraim), Hopper, J.L. (John), Apicella, C. (Carmel), Park, D.J. (Daniel), Southey, M.C. (Melissa), Swerdlow, A.J. (Anthony ), Ashworth, A. (Alan), Nicholas, O. (Orr), Schoemaker, M. (Minouk), Anton-Culver, H. (Hoda), Ziogas, A. (Argyrios), Bernstein, L. (Leslie), Dur, C.C. (Christina Clarke), Shen, C-Y. (Chen-Yang), Yu, J-C. (Jyh-Cherng), Hsu, H.-M. (Huan-Ming), Hsiung, C.-N. (Chia-Ni), Hamann, U. (Ute), Dünnebier, T. (Thomas), Rud̈iger, T. (Thomas), Ulmer, H.U. (Hans), Pharoah, P.D.P. (Paul), Dunning, A.M. (Alison), Humphreys, M.K. (Manjeet), Wang, Q. (Qing), Cox, A. (Angela), Cross, S.S. (Simon), Reed, M.W.R. (Malcolm), Hall, P. (Per), Czene, K. (Kamila), Ambrosone, C.B. (Christine), Ademuyiwa, F. (Foluso), Hwang, H. (Helena), Eccles, D. (Diana), García-Closas, M. (Montserrat), Figueroa, J.D. (Jonine), Sherman, M.E. (Mark), Lissowska, J. (Jolanta), Devilee, P. (Peter), Seynaeve, C.M. (Caroline), Tollenaar, R.A.E.M. (Rob), Hooning, M.J. (Maartje), Andrulis, I.L. (Irene), Knight, J.A. (Julia), Glendon, G. (Gord), Mulligan, A.M. (Anna Marie), Winqvist, R. (Robert), Pykäs, K. (Katri), Jukkola-Vuorinen, A. (Arja), Grip, M. (Mervi), John, E.M. (Esther), Miron, A. (Alexander), Alnæs, G.G. (Grethe), Kristensen, V. (Vessela), Brøresen-Dale, A.-L. (Anne-Lise), Giles, G.G. (Graham), Baglietto, L. (Laura), McLean, C.A. (Catriona Ann), Severi, G. (Gianluca), Kosel, M. (Matthew), Pankratz, V.S. (Shane), Slager, S. (Susan), Olson, J.E. (Janet), Radice, P. (Paolo), Peterlongo, P. (Paolo), Manoukian, S. (Siranoush), Barile, M. (Monica), Lambrechts, D. (Diether), Hatse, S. (Sigrid), Dieudonné, A.-S. (Anne-Sophie), Christiaens, M.R. (Marie Rose), Chenevix-Trench, G. (Georgia), Beesley, J. (Jonathan), Chen, X. (Xiaoqing), Mannermaa, A. (Arto), Kosma, V-M. (Veli-Matti), Hartikainen, J. (Jaana), Soini, Y. (Ylermi), Easton, D.F. (Douglas), and Couch, F.J. (Fergus)

Abstract

The 19p13.1 breast cancer susceptibility locus is a modifier of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers and is also associated with the risk of ovarian cancer. Here, we investigated 19p13.1 variation and risk of breast cancer subtypes, defined by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status, using 48,869 breast cancer cases and 49,787 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Variants from 19p13.1 were not associated with breast cancer overall or with ER-positive breast cancer but were significantly associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk [rs8170 OR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.15; P = 3.49 × 10 -5] and triple-negative (ER-, PR-, and HER2-negative) breast cancer (rs8170: OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.13-1.31; P = 2.22 × 10 -7). However, rs8170 was no longer associated with ERnegative breast cancer risk when triple-negative cases were excluded (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.89-1.07; P = 0.62). In addition, a combined analysis of triple-negative cases from BCAC and the Triple Negative Breast Cancer Consortium (TNBCC; N = 3,566) identified a genome-wide significant association between rs8170 and triple-negative breast cancer risk (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.18-1.33; P=3.31×10 -13]. Thus, 19p13.1 is the first triple-negative- specific breast cancer risk locus and the first locus specific to a histologic subtype defined by ER, PR, and HER2 to be identified. These findings provide convincing evidence that genetic susceptibility to breast cancer varies by tumor subtype and that triple-negative tumors and other subtypes likely arise through distinct etiologic pathways.

Published
2012
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7. Two multiplex assays that simultaneously identify 22 possible mutation sites in the KRAS, BRAF, NRAS and PIK3CA genes

Author

Lurkin, I. (Irene), Stoehr, R. (Robert), Hurst, C. (C.), Tilborg, A.A.G. (Angela) van, Knowles, M. (Margaret), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), Zwarthoff, E.C. (Ellen), Lurkin, I. (Irene), Stoehr, R. (Robert), Hurst, C. (C.), Tilborg, A.A.G. (Angela) van, Knowles, M. (Margaret), Hartmann, A. (Arndt), and Zwarthoff, E.C. (Ellen)

Abstract

Recently a number of randomized trials have shown that patients with advanced colorectal cancer do not benefit from therapies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor when their tumors harbor mutations in the KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA genes. We developed two multiplex assays that simultaneously screen 22 nucleotides in the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA genes for mutations. The assays were validated on 294 tumor DNA samples from patients with advanced colorectal cancer. In these samples 119 KRAS codon 12 and 13 mutations had been identified by sequence analysis, 126 tumors were wild-type for KRAS and the analysis failed in 49 of the 294 samples due to poor DNA quality. The two mutation assays detected 130 KRAS mutations, among which were 3 codon 61 mutations, and in addition 32 PIK3CA, 13 BRAF and 6 NRAS mutations. In 19 tumors a KRAS mutation was found together with a mutation in the PIK3CA gene. One tumor was mutant for both PIK3CA and BRAF. In summary, the mutations assays identified 161 tumors with a mutation, 120 were wild-type and the analysis failed in 13. The material cost of the 2 mutation assays was calculated to be 8-fold lower than the cost of sequencing required to obtain the same data. In addition, the mutation assays are less labor intensive. We conclude that the performance of the two multiplex mutation assays was superior to direct sequencing. In addition, these assays are cheaper and easier to interpret. The assays may also be of use for selection of patients with other tumor types

Published
2010
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