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6. Emotion‐attention interaction in the right hemisphere

Author

Hartikainen, Kaisa M., Tampere University, Tays Research Services, and Clinical Medicine

Subjects
3126 Surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care, radiology
Abstract

Hemispheric asymmetries in affective and cognitive functions have been extensively stud-ied. While both cerebral hemispheres contribute to most affective and cognitive processes, neuro-scientific literature and neuropsychological evidence support an overall right hemispheric dominance for emotion, attention and arousal. Emotional stimuli, especially those with survival value such as threat, tend to be prioritized in attentional resource competition. Arousing unpleasant emotional stimuli have prioritized access, especially to right‐lateralized attention networks. Interference of task performance may be observed when limited resources are exhausted by task‐ and emotion-related processing. Tasks that rely on right hemisphere‐dependent processing, like attending to the left visual hemifield or global‐level visual features, are especially vulnerable to interference due to attention capture by unpleasant emotional stimuli. The aim of this review is to present literature regarding the special role of the right hemisphere in affective and attentional brain processes and their interaction. Furthermore, clinical and technological implications of this interaction will be pre-sented. Initially, the effects of focal right hemisphere lesion or atrophy on emotional functions will be introduced. Neurological right hemisphere syndromes including aprosodia, anosognosia and neglect, which further point to the predominance of the intact right hemisphere in emotion, attention and arousal will be presented. Then there will be a brief review of electrophysiological evi-dence, as well as evidence from patients with neglect that support attention capture by emotional stimuli in the right hemisphere. Subsequently, experimental work on the interaction of emotion, attention and cognition in the right hemispheres of healthy subjects will be presented. Finally, clinical implications for better understanding and assessment of alterations in emotion–attention interaction due to brain disorder or treatment, such as neuromodulation, that impact affective brain functions will be discussed. It will be suggested that measuring right hemispheric emotion–atten-tion interactions may provide basis for novel biomarkers of brain health. Such biomarkers allow for improved diagnostics in brain damage and disorders and optimized treatments. To conclude, future technological applications will be outlined regarding brain physiology‐based measures that reflect engagement of the right hemisphere in affective and attentional processes. publishedVersion

Published
2021

19. SLEEP CAPITAL. LINKING BRAIN HEALTH TO WELLBEING AND ECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITY ACROSS THE LIFESPAN

Author

Golombek, Diego A., Eyre, Harris, Spiousas, Ignacio, Casiraghi, Leandro P., Hartikainen, Kaisa M., Partonen, Timo, Pyykkö, Mika, Reynolds, Charles F., Hynes, William M., Bassetti, Claudio L.A., Berk, Michael, Hu, Kun, and Ibañez, Agustín

Abstract

•What is the primary question addressed by this study?We propose the notion of “sleep capital” defined as the compound social, economic, and health gain derived from adequate sleep parameter, including sleep debt/sleep credit, sleep regularity/social jetlag and light exposure/time zones across the lifespan.•What is the main finding of this study?Sleep capital results in increased well-being productivity, and economic outcomes for the individual and for societies. We also outline the multilevel impact of sleep on cognitive abilities, mental/brain health, and economic indicators, providing evidence for the substantial returns on investment in sleep health initiatives.•What is the meaning of the finding?We propose specific elements and main variables to develop specific indexes of sleep capital to address its impacts on health, wellbeing and productivity, together with policy recommendations, workplace interventions, and individual strategies to promote sleep health/sleep capital, especially in the aging population.

Published
2024
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24. Frontal Alpha Asymmetry, a Potential Biomarker for the Effect of Neuromodulation on Brain's Affective Circuitry--Preliminary Evidence from a Deep Brain Stimulation Study.

Author

Lihua Sun, Peräkylä, Jari, and Hartikainen, Kaisa M.

Subjects
NEURAL stimulation, NEUROLOGICAL disorders, NEURAL circuitry, ANXIETY, ELECTRIC stimulation
Abstract

Neuromodulation techniques targeting limbic circuits can be used to treat refractory psychiatric or neurological disorders. However, objective measure for the impact of neuromodulation on affective brain circuits is lacking. Deep brain stimulation at a key node of the limbic circuit, the anterior thalamic nuclei (ANT-DBS), is used to treat refractory epilepsy. While effective in reducing seizures, patients have reported subjective depressive symptoms as a side effect. In line with potential vulnerability to depression, we have previously shown ANT-DBS to increase attention allocation to threat evidenced by behavior and brain physiology. Rightward frontal alpha asymmetry with greater right hemispheric activation is thought to reflect brain physiology linked with depression and anxiety. To that end, we investigated whether high-frequency electric stimulation at ANT influences frontal alpha asymmetry. Furthermore, we explored the impact of DBS on emotional modulation of frontal alpha asymmetry and whether it is linked with emotional modulation of response speed. Electrical stimulation at ANT led to an increased rightward frontal alpha asymmetry compared to situations where stimulation was off (F.1,12/ = 14.09, p = 0.003) or the thalamic control location was stimulated (F.1,12/ = 10.19, p = 0.008), along with prolonged reaction times in the context of emotional distractors (F.1,7/ = 16.66, p = 0.005). The change was specifically driven by increased activity in the right hemisphere. Furthermore, we found a correlation between the emotional modulation of frontal alpha asymmetry and emotional interference of response speed due to ANT stimulation (r = 0.78, p = 0.02). In conclusion, DBS at ANT increased relative right hemispheric activity and this was linked with emotional modulation of behavior. Previous studies have linked frontal alpha asymmetry with emotion related symptoms and furthermore, Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has been shown to modulate alpha asymmetry. Thus, in the light of the previous literature and the current findings, we suggest that frontal alpha asymmetry along with emotional interference of response speed might be a feasible biomarker for the effects of neuromodulation on brain's affective circuitry in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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26. Return to Work Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Author

Wäljas, Minna, primary, Iverson, Grant L., additional, Lange, Rael T., additional, Liimatainen, Suvi, additional, Hartikainen, Kaisa M., additional, Dastidar, Prasun, additional, Soimakallio, Seppo, additional, and Öhman, Juha, additional

Published
2014
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27. Immediate effects of deep brain stimulation of anterior thalamic nuclei on executive functions and emotion–attention interaction in humans

Author

Hartikainen, Kaisa M., primary, Sun, Lihua, additional, Polvivaara, Markus, additional, Brause, Maarja, additional, Lehtimäki, Kai, additional, Haapasalo, Joonas, additional, Möttönen, Timo, additional, Väyrynen, Kirsi, additional, Ogawa, Keith H., additional, Öhman, Juha, additional, and Peltola, Jukka, additional

Published
2014
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35. Outcome from complicated versus uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury.

Author

Iverson, Grant L, Lange, Rael T, Wäljas, Minna, Liimatainen, Suvi, Dastidar, Prasun, Hartikainen, Kaisa M, Soimakallio, Seppo, and Öhman, Juha

Abstract

Objective. To compare acute outcome following complicated versus uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) using neurocognitive and self-report measures. Method. Participants were 47 patients who presented to the emergency department of Tampere University Hospital, Finland. All completed MRI scanning, self-report measures, and neurocognitive testing at 3-4 weeks after injury. Participants were classified into the complicated MTBI or uncomplicated MTBI group based on the presence/absence of intracranial abnormality on day-of-injury CT scan or 3-4 week MRI scan. Results. There was a large statistically significant difference in time to return to work between groups. The patients with uncomplicated MTBIs had a median of 6.0 days (IQR = 0.75-14.75, range = 0-77) off work compared to a median of 36 days (IQR = 13.5-53, range = 3-315) for the complicated group. There were no significant differences between groups for any of the neurocognitive or self-report measures. There were no differences in the proportion of patients who (a) met criteria for ICD-10 postconcussional disorder or (b) had multiple low scores on the neurocognitive measures. Conclusion. Patients with complicated MTBIs took considerably longer to return to work. They did not perform more poorly on neurocognitive measures or report more symptoms, at 3-4 weeks after injury compared to patients with uncomplicated MTBIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

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