1. Gene-Environment Interactions Relevant to Estrogen and Risk of Breast Cancer: Can Gene-Environment Interactions Be Detected Only among Candidate SNPs from Genome-Wide Association Studies?
- Author
-
Arif B. Ekici, Mi Kyung Kim, Dong Young Noh, Keun-Young Yoo, Camilla Wendt, Rebecca Mayes, Anna H. Wu, Lauren R. Teras, Stig E. Bojesen, Henrik Flyger, Angela Cox, Melissa C. Southey, Wanqing Wen, Volker Arndt, Chen-Yang Shen, Soo Hwang Teo, Pascal Guénel, Robert Winqvist, Natalia Bogdanova, Hidemi Ito, Chiu-Chen Tseng, Heli Nevanlinna, Simon S. Cross, Yon Ko, Jingmei Li, Mehdi Manoochehri, Peter A. Fasching, Renske Keeman, Keitaro Matsuo, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Nan Song, Alpa V. Patel, Manjeet K. Bolla, Jong Won Lee, Javier Benitez, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Carl Blomqvist, Jaesung Choi, Sei Hyun Ahn, Bernadette A M Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Seokang Chung, Alison M. Dunning, Diether Lambrechts, James V. Lacey, Hermann Brenner, Reiner Hoppe, Wonshik Han, Joe Dennis, Kenneth Muir, Don M. Conroy, Rebecca Roylance, Michael Jones, Thilo Dörk, Pei Ei Wu, Mitul Shah, Arto Mannermaa, Patricia Harrington, Sue K. Park, Vessela N. Kristensen, Bernardo Bonanni, Jaana M. Hartikainen, Rob A. E. M. Tollenaar, Qin Wang, Paolo Radice, Mikael Hartman, Joo Yong Park, Adinda Baten, Irene L. Andrulis, Douglas F. Easton, Sun Ha Jee, Annika Lindblom, Daehee Kang, Ji Yeob Choi, Elinor J. Sawyer, Fergus J. Couch, Ute Hamann, Kyriaki Michailidou, Anna González-Neira, Thérèse Truong, Olivia Fletcher, Per Hall, Artitaya Lophatananon, Nur Aishah Taib, Maria Elena Martinez, Janet E. Olson, Kamila Czene, John L. Hopper, kConFab Investigators, Nichola Johnson, Christopher A. Haiman, Mervi Grip, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Song, Nan [0000-0002-9182-1060], Park, Sue K [0000-0001-5002-9707], Kim, Mi Kyung [0000-0001-5279-4162], Dennis, Joe [0000-0003-4591-1214], Michailidou, Kyriaki [0000-0001-7065-1237], Hall, Per [0000-0002-5640-9126], Matsuo, Keitaro [0000-0003-1761-6314], Ito, Hidemi [0000-0002-8023-4581], Keeman, Renske [0000-0002-5452-9933], Schmidt, Marjanka K [0000-0002-2228-429X], Fasching, Peter A [0000-0003-4885-8471], Brenner, Hermann [0000-0002-6129-1572], Arndt, Volker [0000-0001-9320-8684], Hartikainen, Jaana M [0000-0001-8267-1905], Dörk, Thilo [0000-0002-9458-0282], Bogdanova, Natalia V [0000-0002-9736-4593], Johnson, Nichola [0000-0002-8230-5662], Nevanlinna, Heli [0000-0002-0916-2976], Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette AM [0000-0002-9724-6693], Bonanni, Bernardo [0000-0003-3589-2128], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Medicum, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Clinicum, Helsinki University Hospital Area, University of Helsinki, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Park, Sue K. [0000-0001-5002-9707], Schmidt, Marjanka K. [0000-0002-2228-429X], Fasching, Peter A. [0000-0003-4885-8471], Hartikainen, Jaana M. [0000-0001-8267-1905], Bogdanova, Natalia V. [0000-0002-9736-4593], Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette A. M. [0000-0002-9724-6693], and Medical Oncology
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Cancer Research ,Candidate gene ,PREMENOPAUSAL ,medicine.medical_treatment ,STEROID-RECEPTOR COACTIVATOR-1 ,Genome-wide association study ,0302 clinical medicine ,HEIGHT ,estrogen ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,RACIAL-DIFFERENCES ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,Gene–environment interaction ,Aetiology ,RC254-282 ,Cancer ,education.field_of_study ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,Hormone replacement therapy (menopause) ,3. Good health ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,ESR1 MUTATIONS ,SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI ,Population ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,3122 Cancers ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Breast cancer ,breast cancer ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Clinical Research ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Genetics ,ddc:610 ,education ,POLYMORPHISMS ,Science & Technology ,METABOLISM PATHWAY GENES ,Prevention ,HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY ,Human Genome ,medicine.disease ,gene-environment interaction ,Minor allele frequency ,030104 developmental biology - Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females worldwide. To date, many gene-environment interaction (GxE) studies have been conducted to better understand how genetic factors combine with environmental factors to influence risk. However, previous studies have not found or found only a few interactions by using SNPs which were discovered from genome-wide association studies and have been conducted, for the most part, within European populations. In this study, we focused on estrogen-related lifestyle factors that have been identified for breast cancer, including several well-established reproductive factors that are mediated by hormonal mechanisms. We aimed to examine whether there are any gene and environmental factor interactions related to estrogen exposure or metabolism using a candidate approach in Korean women. We found two interactions in this study, although they were not replicated in the independent large consortium data. These findings suggest specificity in Koreans for breast cancer risk. In this study we aim to examine gene-environment interactions (GxEs) between genes involved with estrogen metabolism and environmental factors related to estrogen exposure. GxE analyses were conducted with 1970 Korean breast cancer cases and 2052 controls in the case-control study, the Seoul Breast Cancer Study (SEBCS). A total of 11,555 SNPs from the 137 candidate genes were included in the GxE analyses with eight established environmental factors. A replication test was conducted by using an independent population from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC), with 62,485 Europeans and 9047 Asians. The GxE tests were performed by using two-step methods in GxEScan software. Two interactions were found in the SEBCS. The first interaction was shown between rs13035764 of NCOA1 and age at menarche in the GE|2df model (p-2df = 1.2 x 10(-3)). The age at menarche before 14 years old was associated with the high risk of breast cancer, and the risk was higher when subjects had homozygous minor allele G. The second GxE was shown between rs851998 near ESR1 and height in the GE|2df model (p-2df = 1.1 x 10(-4)). Height taller than 160 cm was associated with a high risk of breast cancer, and the risk increased when the minor allele was added. The findings were not replicated in the BCAC. These results would suggest specificity in Koreans for breast cancer risk.
- Published
- 2021