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387 results on '"Hart, R. W."'

7. L

Author

Smith, M. G., Kingston, R. H., Reynolds, J. A., Hasiguti, Ryukiti R., Hopkins, Robert E., Bloembergen, N., Hart, R. W., Lyon, David N., Mayer, Joseph E., Hayward, Raymond W., Williams, Ferd, and Besançon, Robert M., editor

Published
1990
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22. Miscellaneous

Author

Scandalios, J. G., Sorenson, J. C., Howland, G. P., Hart, R. W., Bajaj, Y. P. S., Reinert, J., Reinert, Jakob, editor, and Bajaj, Yashpal P. Singh, editor

Published
1977
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34. Pi-class glutathione-S-transferase-positive hepatocytes in aging B6C3F1 mice undergo apoptosis induced by dietary restriction

Author

Muskhelishvili, L., Turturro, A., Hart, R. W., and James, S. J.

Subjects
Male, Aging, Mice, Inbred C3H, Apoptosis, Immunohistochemistry, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Liver, Animals, Female, Food Deprivation, Cells, Cultured, Research Article, Glutathione Transferase
Abstract

Liver sections from aging ad libitum-fed and diet-restricted B6C3F1 male mice were evaluated immunohistochemically for pi-class glutathione S-transferase (GST-II). GST-II immunostaining of hepatocytes was diffuse and occurred in periportal regions of hepatic acinus, whereas perivenous areas were weakly stained or were stain-free. Expression of GST-II was significantly diminished in diet-restricted mice in all age groups and was associated with a marked decrease in liver tumor development. As most spontaneous liver tumors were GST-II positive, it can be speculated that they developed from GST-II positive initiated hepatocytes. To determine whether dietary restriction induces apoptosis in GST-II-positive hepatocytes, 24-month-old ad libitum-fed mice were introduced to 40% diet restriction. After 1 week of diet restriction, a decrease in GST-II expression was associated with a threefold increase in the frequency of apoptotic bodies as detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d-UTP nick end labeling of DNA fragments. A two-step immunohistochemical procedure revealed that approximately 70% of apoptotic bodies were GST-II positive. These results suggest that spontaneous, potentially preneoplastic hepatocytes in tumor-prone B6C3F1 mice are eliminated by apoptosis with dietary restriction.

Published
1996

37. A two satellite technique for measuring atmospheric surface pressure

Author

Goldfinger, A. D, Bush, G. B, Ebert, W. L, Foner, S. N, Hart, R. W, and Katz, I

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

A two-satellite system configuration is designed in which one satellite transmits a signal which is reflected from the sea surface and received by the other satellite. The time delay of the signal is measured. By selecting the geometry such that the signal path makes a small grazing angle with the sea surface, the amount of troposphere passed through and hence the magnitude of the tropospheric effect is maximized; requirements on timing accuracy are thus relaxed. The vacuum path length of the radar signals must be subtracted from the measured path length in order to compute the tropospheric effect, which is highly correlated to the atmospheric surface pressure. This is done by measuring the time delays along three additional paths. The use of an operational constellation of several satellites further decreases sensitivity to geoidal errors.

Published
1978

48. Adaptive role of caloric intake on the degenerative disease processes.

Author

Hart, R. W., Dixit, R., Seng, J., Turturo, A., Leakey, J. E. A., Feuers, R., Duffy, P., Buffington, C., Cowan, G., Lewis, S., Pipkin, J., and Li, S. Y.

Subjects
CARCINOGENICITY, CARCINOGENS, TUMORS, CALORIC content of foods, BODY weight, WEIGHT gain, HOMEOSTASIS
Abstract

Carcinogenicity and aging are characterized by a set of complex endpoints, which appear as a series of molecular events. Many of these events can be modified by caloric intake. Since most of these processes determine an organism's ability to cope with various environmental stressors, it is not surprising that a relationship (in the presence of a constant nutrient density) exists between caloric intake and time-to-tumor and/or life span. Our studies have clearly shown that generally, the greater the caloric intake, the greater the body weight, the higher the incidence of spontaneous tumor occurrence, the greater the susceptibility to chemical carcinogens, and the shorter the life span. It is also recognized that variables other than body weight influence the life span and carcinogenesis. We have focused our attention on the questions of how and to what extent caloric intake modifies those homeostatic processes believed to be critical in determining the ability of an organism to cope with endogenous and exogenous stresses such as chemical, physical, and biological carcinogens. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1999
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