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Mental health difficulties often start in childhood and the number of young people experiencing mental health difficulties is rising, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. School-based programmes have been identified as an effective way to provide support for young people and present an opportunity to offer universal programmes, which can increase equity of access, facilitate resilience and reduce stigma. Whilst there is an emerging evidence of the benefits of preventive mental health programmes delivered in schools, there is a need for more robust evidence and methodological rigour in the development and descriptions of these programmes. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is one approach that may be appropriate as a framework for preventing and reducing mental health difficulties in schools. This paper describes the content development of a UK-based universal school programme using ACT: the In-school Training in Emotional Resilience (InTER-ACT) programme. It describes the steps taken across the stages of content development, from planning the programme, delivering the programme in a school, receiving feedback and integrating the subsequent revisions. The final version of the programme, including summaries of session content, is provided. Consistent with an ACT ethos, the personal values of the researchers, and the influence of these on the programme are discussed, providing a novel integration of methodical detail and authentic, reflective practice. This article provides a transparent and detailed overview of the iterative processes involved in developing the content of an evidence-based pastoral care programme in a way that is systematic, rigorous and responsive to teacher and pupil feedback.

The fusion of cutting-edge imaging technologies with radiation therapy (RT) has catalyzed transformative breakthroughs in cancer treatment in recent decades. It is critical for us to review our achievements and preview into the next phase for future synergy between imaging and RT. This paper serves as a review and preview for fostering collaboration between these two domains in the forthcoming decade. Firstly, it delineates ten prospective directions ranging from technological innovations to leveraging imaging data in RT planning, execution, and preclinical research. Secondly, it presents major directions for infrastructure and team development in facilitating interdisciplinary synergy and clinical translation. We envision a future where seamless integration of imaging technologies into RT will not only meet the demands of RT but also unlock novel functionalities, enhancing accuracy, efficiency, safety, and ultimately, the standard of care for patients worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Shared decision-making is recommended for patients considering treatment options for severe aortic stenosis (AS) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD). This review aims to systematically identify and assess patient decision aids (PtDAs) for chronic CAD and AS and evaluate the international evidence on their effectiveness for improving the quality of decision-making. Methods and results Five databases (Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycInfo), clinical trial registers, and 30 PtDA repositories/websites were searched from 2006 to March 2023. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessments were completed independently by multiple reviewers. Meta-analyses were conducted using Stata statistical software. Eleven AS and 10 CAD PtDAs were identified; seven were less than 5 years old. Over half of the PtDAs were web based and the remainder paper based. One AS and two CAD PtDAs fully/partially achieved international PtDA quality criteria. Ten studies were included in the review; four reported on the development/evaluation of AS PtDAs and six on CAD PtDAs. Most studies were conducted in the USA with White, well-educated, English-speaking participants. No studies fulfilled all quality criteria for reporting PtDA development and evaluation. Meta-analyses found that PtDAs significantly increased patient knowledge compared with 'usual care' (mean difference: 0.620; 95% confidence interval 0.396–0.845, P < 0.001) but did not change decisional conflict. Conclusion Patients who use PtDAs when considering treatments for AS or chronic CAD are likely to be better informed than those who do not. Existing PtDAs may not meet the needs of people with low health literacy levels as they are rarely involved in their development. Registration PROSPERO: CRD42021264700. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]