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Adult animals across many taxa use appeasement signaling to minimize or avoid costly conflict in social settings by jointly communicating their consent to defer and an interest to remain. When foraging, however, appeasement may not be enough to gain access to a resource controlled by a dominant conspecific. In this case, conspecific recruitment can shift the social dynamic, so the resource becomes accessible to all. Striated Caracara (Phalcoboenus australis) are Near Threatened scavenging falconids that breed in high densities on the extreme southern coasts of South America and the Falkland Islands. While juvenile caracaras recruit other caracaras to concentrated food resources, neither recruitment nor appeasement has been reported in adults. Here we describe a female adult caracara that appeared to use both appeasement signaling and recruitment to access food in another pair's defended territory on New Island, Falkland Islands. Appeasement and recruitment calls are one of several behavioral parallels that researchers have noted among Striated Caracara, Common Raven (Corvus corax), and Kea (Nestor notabilis). Although falconids are not typically considered in comparative studies of avian cognition and social behavior, we suggest that caracaras merit further attention, especially given their relationship to parrots in the clade Eufalconimorphae. Received 11 May 2020. Accepted 9 June 2021. Key words: Eufalconimorphae, Falconidae, foraging, scramble competition, territory, vocal repertoire. Los adultos de muchos taxa usan senales de apaciguamiento para minimizar o evitar el costoso conflicto en situaciones sociales, comunicando su consentimiento para ceder y un interes de permanecer. Sin embargo, cuando estan forrajeando. la senal de apaciguamiento podria no ser suficiente para tcncr acceso a un recurso controlado por un conespecifico dominante. En este caso, cl reclutamiento podria modificar la dinamica social para que cl recurso este disponible para todos. Los caracaras Phalcoboenus australis son falconidos carrofieros Casi Amenazados que anidan a alias densidades en las costas extrcmas del sur de Sudamerica y las Islas Malvinas. Si bien los caracaras juveniles reclulan a otros caracaras hacia recursos alimenticios concentrados, dicho reclutamiento y apaciguamiento no se han reportado en adultos. Aqui describimos una hembra adulta de caracara que parecc usar ambos. sehales de apaciguamiento y reclutamiento, para acceder a alimento en un territorio bajo defensa de otra pareja en Isla Goicoechea. Islas Malvinas. Los llamados para apaciguar y reclutar son uno de varios paralclos conductualce que los investigadores han notado entre este caracara. cl cuervo (Corvus corax) y el kea (Nestor notabilis). Aunque los falconidos no son tipicamente considerados en estudios comparativos de capacidad cognitiva y comportamiento social aviar. sugrimos que estos caracaras merecen mayor atencion, especialmente dada su relation con los loros cn cl clado Eufalconimorphae. Palabras clave: competencia trepadora, Eufalconimorphae. Ealconidae. forrajeo. repcrtorio vocal, territorio., Adult animals across many taxa use appeasement signaling to minimize or avoid costly conflict in social settings by jointly communicating their consent to defer and an interest to remain (Signe [...]

Long-term memory — information retention over long timescales — can allow animals to retain foraging skills and efficiently respond to seasonally available resources and changing environments 1. Most long-term memory research is with captive species, focusing on spatial, individual or object recognition, with less known about wild species and the retention of motor task abilities, as in the case of complex foraging skills 2,3. We have examined whether wild striated caracaras (Phalcoboenus australis), recently shown to rapidly and flexibly innovate with an eight-task puzzle box 4 , retain task memories one year later. We found that, despite no reinforcement, caracaras repeated motor techniques that led to their most recent success on tasks the year prior, solving nearly twice as fast as a naïve control group and four times faster than when naïve. Our results suggest long-term memory may be important for non-migratory opportunistic generalists, particularly in remote island environments with seasonally available resources, and further highlight how striated caracaras are promising candidates for avian cognitive studies. Harrington et al. test if wild striated caracaras, recently shown to innovate with an eight-task puzzle box, show task memory one year later. Experienced caracaras repeated successful motor actions, solving faster than when naïve and faster than a naïve control group, further highlighting their potential for cognitive studies in natural settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]