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1. Mars 2020 Perseverance rover studies of the Martian atmosphere over Jezero from pressure measurements

Author

Sánchez-Lavega, A., del Rio-Gaztelurrutia, T., Hueso, R., Juárez, M. de la Torre, Martínez, G. M., Harri, A. -M., Genzer, M., Hieta, M., Polkko, J., Rodríguez-Manfredi, J. A., Lemmon, M. T., Pla-García, J., Toledo, D., Vicente-Retortillo, A., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Munguira, A., Tamppari, L. K., Newman, C., Gómez-Elvira, J., Guzewich, S., Bertrand, T., Apéstigue, V., Arruego, I., Wolff, M., Banfield, D., Jaakonaho, I., and Mäkinen, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The pressure sensors on Mars rover Perseverance measure the pressure field in the Jezero crater on regular hourly basis starting in sol 15 after landing. The present study extends up to sol 460 encompassing the range of solar longitudes from Ls 13{\deg} - 241{\deg} (Martian Year (MY) 36). The data show the changing daily pressure cycle, the sol-to-sol seasonal evolution of the mean pressure field driven by the CO2 sublimation and deposition cycle at the poles, the characterization of up to six components of the atmospheric tides and their relationship to dust content in the atmosphere. They also show the presence of wave disturbances with periods 2-5 sols, exploring their baroclinic nature, short period oscillations (mainly at night-time) in the range 8-24 minutes that we interpret as internal gravity waves, transient pressure drops with duration 1-150 s produced by vortices, and rapid turbulent fluctuations. We also analyze the effects on pressure measurements produced by a regional dust storm over Jezero at Ls 155{\deg}.

Published
2024
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3. The diverse meteorology of Jezero crater over the first 250 sols of Perseverance on Mars

Author

Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A., de la Torre Juarez, M., Sanchez-Lavega, A., Hueso, R., Martinez, G., Lemmon, M. T., Newman, C. E., Munguira, A., Hieta, M., Tamppari, L. K., Polkko, J., Toledo, D., Sebastian, E., Smith, M. D., Jaakonaho, I., Genzer, M., De Vicente-Retortillo, A., Viudez-Moreiras, D., Ramos, M., Saiz-Lopez, A., Lepinette, A., Wolff, M., Sullivan, R. J., Gomez-Elvira, J., Apestigue, V., Conrad, P. G., Del Rio-Gaztelurrutia, T., Murdoch, N., Arruego, I., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Brown, A. J., Ceballos, J., Dominguez-Pumar, M., Espejo, S., Fairén, A. G., Ferrandiz, R., Fischer, E., Garcia-Villadangos, M., Gimenez, S., Gomez-Gomez, F., Guzewich, S. D., Harri, A.-M., Jimenez, J. J., Jimenez, V., Makinen, T., Marin, M., Martin, C., Martin-Soler, J., Molina, A., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Navarro, S., Peinado, V., Perez-Grande, I., Pla-Garcia, J., Postigo, M., Prieto-Ballesteros, O., Rafkin, S. C. R., Richardson, M. I., Romeral, J., Romero, C., Savijärvi, H., Schofield, J. T., Torres, J., Urqui, R., and Zurita, S.

Published
2023
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6. The pipeline for the ExoMars DREAMS scientific data archiving

Author

Schipani, P., Marty, L., Mannetta, M., Esposito, F., Molfese, C., Aboudan, A., Apestigue-Palacio, V., Arruego-Rodriguez, I., Bettanini, C., Colombatti, G., Debei, S., Genzer, M., Harri, A-M., Marchetti, E., Montmessin, F., Mugnuolo, R., Pirrotta, S., and Wilson, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

DREAMS (Dust Characterisation, Risk Assessment, and Environment Analyser on the Martian Surface) is a payload accommodated on the Schiaparelli Entry and Descent Module (EDM) of ExoMars 2016, the ESA and Roscosmos mission to Mars (Esposito (2015), Bettanini et al. (2014)). It is a meteorological station with the additional capability to perform measure- ments of the atmospheric electric fields close to the surface of Mars. The instrument package will make the first measurements of electric fields on Mars, providing data that will be of value in planning the second ExoMars mission in 2020, as well as possible future human missions to the red planet. This paper describes the pipeline to convert the raw telemetries to the final data products for the archive, with associated metadata., Comment: 4 pages, to appear in the Proceedings of ADASS 2016, Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) Conference Series

Published
2017

7. National Status Reports

Author

Guerova, Guergana, Möller, G., Pottiaux, E., Brenot, H., Van Malderen, R., Haralambous, H., Tymvios, F., Douša, J., Kačmařík, M., Eben, K., Vedel, H., Rannat, K., Kivi, R., Harri, A.-M., Bock, O., Mahfouf, J. F., Wickert, J., Dick, G., Potthast, R., Crewell, S., Pikridas, C., Zinas, N., Ganas, A., Szabolcs, R., Mile, M., Thorsteinsson, S., Ófeigsson, B. G., Reuveni, Y., Krichak, S., Pacione, R., Bianco, G., Biondi, R., Stankunavicius, G., Teferle, F. N., Bosy, J., Kaplon, J., Szafranek, K., Fernandes, R., Viterbo, P., Sá, A., Hefty, J., Igondova, M. H., Priego, E., Elgered, G., Lindskog, M., Ridal, M., Willén, U., Ning, T., Brockmann, E., Wilgan, K., Geiger, A., Mekik, C., Jones, J., Liu, Z., Chen, B., Wang, C., Masoumi, S., Moore, M., MacPherson, S., Jones, Jonathan, editor, Guerova, Guergana, editor, Douša, Jan, editor, Dick, Galina, editor, de Haan, Siebren, editor, Pottiaux, Eric, editor, Bock, Olivier, editor, Pacione, Rosa, editor, and van Malderen, Roeland, editor

Published
2020
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12. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer, MEDA. A Suite of Environmental Sensors for the Mars 2020 Mission

Author

Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A., de la Torre Juárez, M., Alonso, A., Apéstigue, V., Arruego, I., Atienza, T., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Carrera, M. A., Castañer, L., Ceballos, J., Chen-Chen, H., Cobos, A., Conrad, P. G., Cordoba, E., del Río-Gaztelurrutia, T., de Vicente-Retortillo, A., Domínguez-Pumar, M., Espejo, S., Fairen, A. G., Fernández-Palma, A., Ferrándiz, R., Ferri, F., Fischer, E., García-Manchado, A., García-Villadangos, M., Genzer, M., Giménez, S., Gómez-Elvira, J., Gómez, F., Guzewich, S. D., Harri, A.-M., Hernández, C. D., Hieta, M., Hueso, R., Jaakonaho, I., Jiménez, J. J., Jiménez, V., Larman, A., Leiter, R., Lepinette, A., Lemmon, M. T., López, G., Madsen, S. N., Mäkinen, T., Marín, M., Martín-Soler, J., Martínez, G., Molina, A., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Moreno-Álvarez, J. F., Navarro, S., Newman, C. E., Ortega, C., Parrondo, M. C., Peinado, V., Peña, A., Pérez-Grande, I., Pérez-Hoyos, S., Pla-García, J., Polkko, J., Postigo, M., Prieto-Ballesteros, O., Rafkin, S. C. R., Ramos, M., Richardson, M. I., Romeral, J., Romero, C., Runyon, K. D., Saiz-Lopez, A., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Sard, I., Schofield, J. T., Sebastian, E., Smith, M. D., Sullivan, R. J., Tamppari, L. K., Thompson, A. D., Toledo, D., Torrero, F., Torres, J., Urquí, R., Velasco, T., Viúdez-Moreiras, D., and Zurita, S.

Published
2021
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13. National Status Reports

Author

Guerova, Guergana, primary, Möller, G., additional, Pottiaux, E., additional, Brenot, H., additional, Van Malderen, R., additional, Haralambous, H., additional, Tymvios, F., additional, Douša, J., additional, Kačmařík, M., additional, Eben, K., additional, Vedel, H., additional, Rannat, K., additional, Kivi, R., additional, Harri, A.-M., additional, Bock, O., additional, Mahfouf, J. F., additional, Wickert, J., additional, Dick, G., additional, Potthast, R., additional, Crewell, S., additional, Pikridas, C., additional, Zinas, N., additional, Ganas, A., additional, Szabolcs, R., additional, Mile, M., additional, Thorsteinsson, S., additional, Ófeigsson, B. G., additional, Reuveni, Y., additional, Krichak, S., additional, Pacione, R., additional, Bianco, G., additional, Biondi, R., additional, Stankunavicius, G., additional, Teferle, F. N., additional, Bosy, J., additional, Kaplon, J., additional, Szafranek, K., additional, Fernandes, R., additional, Viterbo, P., additional, Sá, A., additional, Hefty, J., additional, Igondova, M. H., additional, Priego, E., additional, Elgered, G., additional, Lindskog, M., additional, Ridal, M., additional, Willén, U., additional, Ning, T., additional, Brockmann, E., additional, Wilgan, K., additional, Geiger, A., additional, Mekik, C., additional, Jones, J., additional, Liu, Z., additional, Chen, B., additional, Wang, C., additional, Masoumi, S., additional, Moore, M., additional, and MacPherson, S., additional

Published
2019
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14. The diverse meteorology of Jezero crater over the first 250 sols of Perseverance on Mars

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), European Commission, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A. [0000-0003-0461-9815], Torre Juarez, Manuel de la [0000-0003-1393-5297], Sánchez-Lavega, A. [0000-0001-7234-7634], Hueso, R. [0000-0003-0169-123X], Martinez, G. [0000-0001-5885-236X], Lemmon, M. T. [0000-0002-4504-5136], Newman, C. E. [0000-0001-9990-8817], Munguira, A. [0000-0002-1677-6327], Jaakonaho, I. [0000-0001-7343-5556], Viudez-Moreiras, D. [0000-0001-8442-3788], Ramos, M. Ángeles [0000-0003-3648-6818], Saiz-Lopez, A. [0000-0002-0060-1581], Lepinette, A. [0000-0002-5213-3521], Sullivan, R. J. [0000-0003-4191-598X], Apestigue, V. [0000-0002-4349-8019], Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del [0000-0001-8552-226X], Murdoch, N. [0000-0002-9701-4075], Arruego, I. [0000-0001-9705-9743], Banfield, D. [0000-0003-2664-0164], Brown, A. J. [0000-0002-9352-6989], Ceballos, J. [0000-0002-6727-1062], Dominguez-Pumar, M. [0000-0001-5439-7953], Espejo, S. [0000-0003-2609-2663], Fischer, E. [0000-0002-2098-5295], Guzewich, S. D. [0000-0003-1149-7385], Makinen, T. [0000-0001-9489-8154], Martin, C. [0000-0002-8898-4061], Molina, A. [0000-0002-5038-2022], Mora-Sotomayor, L. [0000-0002-8209-1190], Navarro, S. [0000-0001-8606-7799], Perez-Grande, I. [0000-0002-7145-2835], Romero, C. [0000-0001-5442-2581], Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juarez, Manuel de la, Sánchez-Lavega, A., Hueso, R., Martínez, G., Lemmon, M. T., Newman, C. E., Munguira, A., Hieta, M., Tamppari, L. K., Polkko, J., Toledo, D., Sebastian, E., Smith, M. D., Jaakonaho, I., Genzer, M., Vicente-Retortillo, A. de, Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Ramos, M. Ángeles, Saiz-Lopez, A., Lepinette, A., Wolff, M., Sullivan, R. J., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Apestigue, V., Conrad, P. G., Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del, Murdoch, N., Arruego, I., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Brown, A. J., Ceballos, J., Dominguez-Pumar, M., Espejo, S., Fairén, A. G., Ferrandiz, R., Fischer, E., García-Villadangos, Miriam, Gimenez, S., Gomez-Gomez, F., Guzewich, S. D., Harri, A. M., Jimenez, J. J., Jimenez, V., Makinen, T., Marin, M., Martín, C., Martin-Soler, J., Molina, A., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Navarro, S., Peinado, V., Pérez-Grande, I., Pla-Garcia, J., Postigo, M., Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Richardson, M. I., Romeral, J., Romero, C., Savijärvi, H., Schofield, J. T., Torres, J., Urqui, R., Zurita, S., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), European Commission, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A. [0000-0003-0461-9815], Torre Juarez, Manuel de la [0000-0003-1393-5297], Sánchez-Lavega, A. [0000-0001-7234-7634], Hueso, R. [0000-0003-0169-123X], Martinez, G. [0000-0001-5885-236X], Lemmon, M. T. [0000-0002-4504-5136], Newman, C. E. [0000-0001-9990-8817], Munguira, A. [0000-0002-1677-6327], Jaakonaho, I. [0000-0001-7343-5556], Viudez-Moreiras, D. [0000-0001-8442-3788], Ramos, M. Ángeles [0000-0003-3648-6818], Saiz-Lopez, A. [0000-0002-0060-1581], Lepinette, A. [0000-0002-5213-3521], Sullivan, R. J. [0000-0003-4191-598X], Apestigue, V. [0000-0002-4349-8019], Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del [0000-0001-8552-226X], Murdoch, N. [0000-0002-9701-4075], Arruego, I. [0000-0001-9705-9743], Banfield, D. [0000-0003-2664-0164], Brown, A. J. [0000-0002-9352-6989], Ceballos, J. [0000-0002-6727-1062], Dominguez-Pumar, M. [0000-0001-5439-7953], Espejo, S. [0000-0003-2609-2663], Fischer, E. [0000-0002-2098-5295], Guzewich, S. D. [0000-0003-1149-7385], Makinen, T. [0000-0001-9489-8154], Martin, C. [0000-0002-8898-4061], Molina, A. [0000-0002-5038-2022], Mora-Sotomayor, L. [0000-0002-8209-1190], Navarro, S. [0000-0001-8606-7799], Perez-Grande, I. [0000-0002-7145-2835], Romero, C. [0000-0001-5442-2581], Rodríguez-Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juarez, Manuel de la, Sánchez-Lavega, A., Hueso, R., Martínez, G., Lemmon, M. T., Newman, C. E., Munguira, A., Hieta, M., Tamppari, L. K., Polkko, J., Toledo, D., Sebastian, E., Smith, M. D., Jaakonaho, I., Genzer, M., Vicente-Retortillo, A. de, Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Ramos, M. Ángeles, Saiz-Lopez, A., Lepinette, A., Wolff, M., Sullivan, R. J., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Apestigue, V., Conrad, P. G., Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del, Murdoch, N., Arruego, I., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Brown, A. J., Ceballos, J., Dominguez-Pumar, M., Espejo, S., Fairén, A. G., Ferrandiz, R., Fischer, E., García-Villadangos, Miriam, Gimenez, S., Gomez-Gomez, F., Guzewich, S. D., Harri, A. M., Jimenez, J. J., Jimenez, V., Makinen, T., Marin, M., Martín, C., Martin-Soler, J., Molina, A., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Navarro, S., Peinado, V., Pérez-Grande, I., Pla-Garcia, J., Postigo, M., Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Richardson, M. I., Romeral, J., Romero, C., Savijärvi, H., Schofield, J. T., Torres, J., Urqui, R., and Zurita, S.

Abstract

NASA’s Perseverance rover’s Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer is collecting data at Jezero crater, characterizing the physical processes in the lowest layer of the Martian atmosphere. Here we present measurements from the instrument’s first 250 sols of operation, revealing a spatially and temporally variable meteorology at Jezero. We find that temperature measurements at four heights capture the response of the atmospheric surface layer to multiple phenomena. We observe the transition from a stable night-time thermal inversion to a daytime, highly turbulent convective regime, with large vertical thermal gradients. Measurement of multiple daily optical depths suggests aerosol concentrations are higher in the morning than in the afternoon. Measured wind patterns are driven mainly by local topography, with a small contribution from regional winds. Daily and seasonal variability of relative humidity shows a complex hydrologic cycle. These observations suggest that changes in some local surface properties, such as surface albedo and thermal inertia, play an influential role. On a larger scale, surface pressure measurements show typical signatures of gravity waves and baroclinic eddies in a part of the seasonal cycle previously characterized as low wave activity. These observations, both combined and simultaneous, unveil the diversity of processes driving change on today’s Martian surface at Jezero crater.

Published
2023

17. Convective Vortices and Dust Devils Detected and Characterized by Mars 2020

Author

Hueso, R., primary, Newman, C. E., additional, del Río‐Gaztelurrutia, T., additional, Munguira, A., additional, Sánchez‐Lavega, A., additional, Toledo, D., additional, Apéstigue, V., additional, Arruego, I., additional, Vicente‐Retortillo, A., additional, Martínez, G., additional, Lemmon, M., additional, Lorenz, R., additional, Richardson, M., additional, Viudez‐Moreiras, D., additional, de la Torre‐Juarez, M., additional, Rodríguez‐Manfredi, J. A., additional, Tamppari, L. K., additional, Murdoch, N., additional, Navarro‐López, S., additional, Gómez‐Elvira, J., additional, Baker, M., additional, Pla‐García, J., additional, Harri, A. M., additional, Hieta, M., additional, Genzer, M., additional, Polkko, J., additional, Jaakonaho, I., additional, Makinen, T., additional, Stott, A., additional, Mimoun, D., additional, Chide, B., additional, Sebastian, E., additional, Banfield, D., additional, and Lepinette‐Malvite, A., additional

Published
2023
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18. Surface Energy Budget, Albedo, and Thermal Inertia at Jezero Crater, Mars, as Observed From the Mars 2020 MEDA Instrument

Author

Martínez, G. M., primary, Sebastián, E., additional, Vicente‐Retortillo, A., additional, Smith, M. D., additional, Johnson, J. R., additional, Fischer, E., additional, Savijärvi, H., additional, Toledo, D., additional, Hueso, R., additional, Mora‐Sotomayor, L., additional, Gillespie, H., additional, Munguira, A., additional, Sánchez‐Lavega, A., additional, Lemmon, M. T., additional, Gómez, F., additional, Polkko, J., additional, Mandon, L., additional, Apéstigue, V., additional, Arruego, I., additional, Ramos, M., additional, Conrad, P., additional, Newman, C. E., additional, Torre‐Juarez, M. de la, additional, Jordan, F., additional, Tamppari, L. K., additional, McConnochie, T. H., additional, Harri, A.‐M., additional, Genzer, M., additional, Hieta, M., additional, Zorzano, M.‐P., additional, Siegler, M., additional, Prieto, O., additional, Molina, A., additional, and Rodríguez‐Manfredi, J. A., additional

Published
2023
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19. Dust Devil Frequency of Occurrence and Radiative Effects at Jezero Crater, Mars, as Measured by MEDA Radiation and Dust Sensor (RDS)

Author

Toledo, D., primary, Apéstigue, V., additional, Arruego, I., additional, Lemmon, M., additional, Gómez, L., additional, Montoro, F., additional, Hueso, R., additional, Newman, C., additional, Smith, M., additional, Viudez‐Moreiras, D., additional, Martínez, G., additional, Lorenz, R., additional, Vicente‐Retortillo, A., additional, Sanchez‐Lavega, A., additional, Juarez, M. de la Torre, additional, Rodriguez‐Manfredi, J. A., additional, Carrasco, I., additional, Yela, M., additional, Jimenez, J. J., additional, García‐Menendez, E., additional, Navarro, S., additional, Gomez‐Elvira, F. J., additional, Harri, A.‐M., additional, Polkko, J., additional, Hieta, M., additional, Genzer, M., additional, Murdoch, N., additional, and Sebastian, E., additional

Published
2023
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20. Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Studies of the Martian Atmosphere Over Jezero From Pressure Measurements

Author

Sánchez‐Lavega, A., primary, del Rio‐Gaztelurrutia, T., additional, Hueso, R., additional, Juárez, M. de la Torre, additional, Martínez, G. M., additional, Harri, A.‐M., additional, Genzer, M., additional, Hieta, M., additional, Polkko, J., additional, Rodríguez‐Manfredi, J. A., additional, Lemmon, M. T., additional, Pla‐García, J., additional, Toledo, D., additional, Vicente‐Retortillo, A., additional, Viúdez‐Moreiras, D., additional, Munguira, A., additional, Tamppari, L. K., additional, Newman, C., additional, Gómez‐Elvira, J., additional, Guzewich, S., additional, Bertrand, T., additional, Apéstigue, V., additional, Arruego, I., additional, Wolff, M., additional, Banfield, D., additional, Jaakonaho, I., additional, and Mäkinen, T., additional

Published
2023
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22. THE FIRST FROST DETECTION CAMPAIGN BY THE MARS 2020 PERSEVERANCE ROVER: IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS

Author

Martínez, Germán, Lasue, Jérémie, Meslin, Pierre-Yves, Chide, Baptiste, Caravaca, Gwénaël, López-Reyes, Guillermo, Tamppari, Leslie K., Beyssac, Olivier, Polkko, J., Hieta, M., Genzer, M., Harri, A.-M., Newman, Claire, Gillespie, Hartzel, Fischer, Erik, Mora, Luis, Sebastián, Eduardo, Wiens, Roger, Rodríguez Manfredi, Jose, Lunar and Planetary Institute [Houston] (LPI), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Universidad de Valladolid [Valladolid] (UVa), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut de minéralogie, de physique des matériaux et de cosmochimie (IMPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR206-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Aeolis Research, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, and Lunar and Planetary Institute

Subjects
Jezero crater, [SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, SuperCam, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Mars 2020, Mars, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, frost
Abstract

International audience; Here we describe the first campaign launched by the Perseverance rover to detect frost during the first Martian year of operations (669 sols as of Jan 5, 2023). This campaign was conceived, developed and executed following lessons learnt from the Mars Science Laboratory Mission, where frost was likely detected [1].Between sols 546 and 548 during northern winter (Ls ~297), measurements of ground temperature and relative humidity by the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA, [2]) were used to predict frost formation, while SuperCam laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman spectrometer measurements [3,4] were used to detect frost formation on a target informally called Snowy Mountain. While the measured ground temperature fell below the estimated frost point, and therefore frost was predicted by MEDA, neither H enrichment in LIBS measurements nor Raman peaks associated with water ice were detected by SuperCam.

Published
2023

23. Mars Science Laboratory Observations of the 2018/Mars Year 34 Global Dust Storm

Author

Guzewich, Scott D, Lemmon, M, Smith, C. L, Martinez, G, de Vicente-Retortillo, A, Newman, C. E, Baker, M, Campbell, C, Cooper, B, Gomez-Elvira, J, Harri, A.-M, Hassler, D, Martin-Torres, F. J, McConnochie, T, Moores, J. E, Kahanpaa, H, Khayat, A, Richardson, M. I, Smith, M. D, Sullivan, R, de la Torre Juarez, M, Vasavada, A. R, Viudez-Moreiras, D, Zeitlin, C, and Zorzano Mier, Maria-Paz

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover observations of the 2018/Mars year 34 global/planet-encircling dust storm represent the first in situ measurements of a global dust storm with dedicated meteorological sensors since the Viking Landers. The Mars Science Laboratory team planned and executed a science campaign lasting approximately 100 Martian sols to study the storm involving an enhanced cadence of environmental monitoring using the rover's meteorological sensors, cameras, and spectrometers. Mast Camera 880-nanometer optical depth reached 8.5, and Rover Environmental Monitoring Station measurements indicated a 97 percent reduction in incident total ultraviolet solar radiation at the surface, 30 degrees Kelvin reduction in diurnal range of air temperature, and an increase in the semidiurnal pressure tide amplitude to 40 pascals. No active dust-lifting sites were detected within Gale Crater, and global and local atmospheric dynamics were drastically altered during the storm. This work presents an overview of the mission's storm observations and initial results.

Published
2019
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25. Winds at the Mars 2020 Landing Site. 2. Wind Variability and Turbulence

Author

Viúdez‐Moreiras, D., primary, de la Torre, M., additional, Gómez‐Elvira, J., additional, Lorenz, R. D., additional, Apéstigue, V., additional, Guzewich, S., additional, Mischna, M., additional, Sullivan, R., additional, Herkenhoff, K., additional, Toledo, D., additional, Lemmon, M., additional, Smith, M., additional, Newman, C. E., additional, Sánchez‐Lavega, A., additional, Rodríguez‐Manfredi, J. A., additional, Richardson, M., additional, Hueso, R., additional, Harri, A. M., additional, Tamppari, L., additional, Arruego, I., additional, and Bell, J., additional

Published
2022
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27. The DREAMS Experiment Onboard the Schiaparelli Module of the ExoMars 2016 Mission: Design, Performances and Expected Results

Author

Esposito, F., Debei, S., Bettanini, C., Molfese, C., Arruego Rodríguez, I., Colombatti, G., Harri, A.-M., Montmessin, F., Wilson, C., Aboudan, A., Schipani, P., Marty, L., Álvarez, F. J., Apestigue, V., Bellucci, G., Berthelier, J.-J., Brucato, J. R., Calcutt, S. B., Chiodini, S., Cortecchia, F., Cozzolino, F., Cucciarrè, F., Deniskina, N., Déprez, G., Di Achille, G., Ferri, F., Forget, F., Franzese, G., Friso, E., Genzer, M., Hassen-Kodja, R., Haukka, H., Hieta, M., Jiménez, J. J., Josset, J.-L., Kahanpää, H., Karatekin, O., Landis, G., Lapauw, L., Lorenz, R., Martinez-Oter, J., Mennella, V., Möhlmann, D., Moirin, D., Molinaro, R., Nikkanen, T., Palomba, E., Patel, M. R., Pommereau, J.-P., Popa, C. I., Rafkin, S., Rannou, P., Renno, N. O., Rivas, J., Schmidt, W., Segato, E., Silvestro, S., Spiga, A., Toledo, D., Trautner, R., Valero, F., Vázquez, L., Vivat, F., Witasse, O., Yela, M., Mugnuolo, R., Marchetti, E., and Pirrotta, S.

Published
2018
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29. The Characterisation of Titan’s Atmospheric Physical Properties by The Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument (Hasi)

Author

Fulchignoni, M., Ferri, E., Angrilli, F., Bar-Nun, A., Barucci, M. A., Bianchini, G., Borucki, W., Coradini, M., Coustenis, A., Falkner, P., Flamini, E., Grard, R., Hamelin, M., Harri, A. M., Leppelmeier, G. W., Lopez-Moreno, J. J., Mcdonnell, J. A. M., Mckay, C. P., Neubauer, F. H., Pedersen, A., Picardi, G., Pirronello, V., Rodrigo, R., Schwingenschuh, K., Seiff, A., Svedhem, H., Vanzani, V., Zarnecki, J., and Russell, Christopher T., editor

Published
2003
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30. Soil Diversity and Hydration as Observed by ChemCam at Gale Crater, Mars

Author

Meslin, P.-Y., Gasnault, O., Forni, O., Schröder, S., Cousin, A., Berger, G., Clegg, S. M., Lasue, J., Maurice, S., Sautter, V., Le Mouélic, S., Wiens, R. C., Fabre, C., Goetz, W., Bish, D., Mangold, N., Ehlmann, B., Lanza, N., Harri, A.-M., Anderson, R., Rampe, E., McConnochie, T. H., Pinet, P., Blaney, D., Léveillé, R., Archer, D., Barraclough, B., Bender, S., Blake, D., Blank, J. G., Bridges, N., Clark, B. C., DeFlores, L., Delapp, D., Dromart, G., Dyar, M. D., Fisk, M., Gondet, B., Grotzinger, J., Herkenhoff, K., Johnson, J., Lacour, J.-L., Langevin, Y., Leshin, L., Lewin, E., Madsen, M. B., Melikechi, N., Mezzacappa, A., Mischna, M. A., Moores, J. E., Newsom, H., Ollila, A., Perez, R., Renno, N., Sirven, J.-B., Tokar, R., de la Torre, M., d'Uston, L., Vaniman, D., and Yingst, A.

Published
2013
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31. Radar—CubeSat transionospheric HF propagation observations:Suomi 100 satellite and EISCAT HF facility

Author

Kallio, E. (Esa), Kero, A. (Antti), Harri, A.-M. (Ari-Matti), Kestilä, A. (Antti), Aikio, A. (Anita), Fontell, M. (Mathias), Jarvinen, R. (Riku), Kauristie, K. (Kirsti), Knuuttila, O. (Olli), Koskimaa, P. (Petri), Loyala, J. (Jauaries), Lukkari, J.-M. (Juha-Matti), Modabberian, A. (Amin), Niittyniemi, J. (Joonas), Rynö, J. (Jouni), Vanhamäki, H. (Heikki), Varberg, E. (Erik), Kallio, E. (Esa), Kero, A. (Antti), Harri, A.-M. (Ari-Matti), Kestilä, A. (Antti), Aikio, A. (Anita), Fontell, M. (Mathias), Jarvinen, R. (Riku), Kauristie, K. (Kirsti), Knuuttila, O. (Olli), Koskimaa, P. (Petri), Loyala, J. (Jauaries), Lukkari, J.-M. (Juha-Matti), Modabberian, A. (Amin), Niittyniemi, J. (Joonas), Rynö, J. (Jouni), Vanhamäki, H. (Heikki), and Varberg, E. (Erik)

Abstract

Radio waves provide a useful diagnostic tool to investigate the properties of the ionosphere because the ionosphere affects the transmission and properties of high frequency (HF) electromagnetic waves. We have conducted a transionospheric HF-propagation research campaign with a nanosatellite on a low-Earth polar orbit and the EISCAT HF transmitter facility in Tromsø, Norway, in December 2020. In the active measurement, the EISCAT HF facility transmitted sinusoidal 7.953 MHz signal which was received with the High frEquency rAdio spectRomEteR (HEARER) onboard 1 Unit (size: 10 × 10 × 10 cm) Suomi 100 space weather nanosatellite. Data analysis showed that the EISCAT HF signal was detected with the satellite’s radio spectrometer when the satellite was the closest to the heater along its orbit. Part of the observed variations seen in the signal was identified to be related to the heater’s antenna pattern and to the transmitted pulse shapes. Other observed variations can be related to the spatial and temporal variations of the ionosphere and its different responses to the used transmission frequencies and to the transmitted O- and X-wave modes. Some trends in the observed signal may also be associated to changes in the properties of ionospheric plasma resulting from the heater’s electromagnetic wave energy. This paper is, to authors’ best knowledge, the first observation of this kind of “self-absorption” measured from the transionospheric signal path from a powerful radio source on the ground to the satellite-borne receiver.

Published
2022

33. Initial Results of the Relative Humidity Observations by MEDA Instrument Onboard the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover.

Author

Polkko, J., Hieta, M., Harri, A.‐M., Tamppari, L., Martínez, G., Viúdez‐Moreiras, D., Savijärvi, H., Conrad, P., Zorzano Mier, M. P., De La Torre Juarez, M., Hueso, R., Munguira, A., Leino, J., Gómez, F., Jaakonaho, I., Fischer, E., Genzer, M., Apestigue, V., Arruego, I., and Banfield, D.

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC boundary layer, HYDROLOGIC cycle, MARS (Planet), ATMOSPHERIC temperature, SOIL air, HUMIDITY
Abstract

The Mars 2020 mission rover "Perseverance", launched on 30 July 2020 by NASA, landed successfully 18 February 2021 at Jezero Crater, Mars (Lon. E 77.4509° Lat. N 18.4446°). The landing took place at Mars solar longitude Ls = 5.2°, close to start of the northern spring. Perseverance's payload includes the relative humidity sensor MEDA HS (Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer Humidity Sensor), which operations, performance, and the first observations from sol 80 to sol 410 (Ls 44°–210°) of Perseverance's operations we describe. The relative humidity measured by MEDA‐HS is reliable from late night hours to few tens of minutes after sunrise when the measured humidity is greater than 2% (referenced to sensor temperature). Data delivered to the Planetary Data System include relative humidity, sensor temperature, uncertainty of relative humidity, and volume mixing ratio (VMR). VMR is calculated using the MEDA‐PS pressure sensor values. According to observations, nighttime absolute humidity follows a seasonal curve in which release of water vapor from the northern cap with advancing northern spring and summer is visible. At ground level, frost conditions may have been reached a few times during this season (Ls 44°–210°). Volume mixing ratio values show a declining diurnal trend from the midnight toward the morning suggesting adsorption of humidity into the ground. Observations are compared with an adsorptive single‐column model, which complies with observations and confirms adsorption. The model allows estimating daytime VMR levels. Short‐term subhour timescales show large temporal fluctuations in humidity, which suggest vertical and spatial advection. Plain Language Summary: The Mars 2020 mission rover "Perseverance" landed successfully on 18 February 2021 at Jezero Crater, Mars. The rover's payload includes a versatile instrument suite which includes a relative humidity sensor, whose observations for the first 410 Martian days are described here. The observations show how the lowest level of atmosphere is generally dry but still exceeding saturation is feasible because of cold nights. Sensor operations and accuracy estimates are presented. Relative humidity together with MEDA pressure and air temperature observations allow calculating absolute water vapor content of air at the sensor level at nighttime. Humidity observations are also compared with models describing water vapor adsorption and desorption into and out from soil. The results show how atmospheric humidity at the rover's site experiences large subhour variability. Humidity observations help to understand interchange of humidity between the soil and the atmosphere. Water is mandatory for life, such as on earth, thus understanding these water cycle processes better are important for evaluating possibilities of past and current habitability of Mars. Perseverance is also collecting samples which maybe returned to Earth one day. Knowledge of the conditions at the times when samples were collected maybe useful. Key Points: Humidity observations in Mars by M2020 Perseverance rover during the first 410 sols of operation are shown and discussedHumidity sensor MEDA‐HS operations and sensor accuracy are explainedAdsorptive single column model is tested and compared with humidity observations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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34. Surface Energy Fluxes and Temperatures at Jezero Crater, Mars.

Author

Savijärvi, H. I., Martinez, G. M., and Harri, A.‐M.

Subjects
SURFACE energy, ENERGY budget (Geophysics), ATMOSPHERIC temperature, EARTH temperature, SURFACE temperature, LUNAR craters, EXTREME environments
Abstract

Diurnal ground surface and air temperatures (Tg, Ta) and the five major surface energy budget fluxes are displayed as derived from M2020 mission observations and from column model simulations in two extreme cases (low and high diurnal Tg‐variation) along the Perseverance rover track in the Jezero crater. In both cases the fluxes and Tg are well modeled when using diurnally variable apparent ground thermal inertia I derived via a Fourier series method from the hourly observations. Hence the measurements, the diagnostic method and the model results are consistent with high‐ and low‐I nonhomogeneous terrain in the field‐of‐view (FOV) of the thermal infrared and solar sensors. In contrast less extreme values of I consistent with THEMIS retrievals are necessary for good simulations of observed Ta. We deduce that the measured Tg for the small ∼3 m2 FOV may not always be representative for the larger region around the rover, which controls the near‐surface atmospheric temperature profile. Plain Language Summary: We present comparisons of hourly surface and air temperatures and solar and thermal (atmospheric) radiation as measured by Perseverance during quite low and quite high noon temperature. We also compare the observed values to those produced by a numerical model. It appears that the model can produce excellent simulations of radiation and the ground surface temperature, if the small measurement spot for the latter is assumed to be a thermally extreme and nonhomogeneous mixture of sand and rocks (models usually assume homogeneous ground). Less extreme soil properties, such as measured by satellites, are needed instead for good air temperature predictions at 1.5 m height, as air temperatures are controlled by larger areas of surface temperatures around the rover. These results are important to better interpret local measurements by Perseverance and to provide ground‐truth to satellite observations with a much greater spatial resolution. Key Points: MEDA‐observed radiative fluxes and ground temperatures Tg are compared to model simulations during weak and strong diurnal variation in TgRadiation and Tg are best modeled with use of diurnally variable apparent thermal inertiasAir temperatures are best modeled with less extreme area‐averaged thermal inertias [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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35. Atmospheric Tides in Gale Crater, Mars

Author

Guzewich, Scott D, Newman, C. E, de la Torre Juarez, M, Wilson, R. J, Lemmon, M, Smith, M. D, Kahanpaa, H, and Harri, A.-M

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Atmospheric tides are the primary source of daily air pressure variation at the surface of Mars. These tides are forced by solar heating of the atmosphere and modulated by the presence of atmospheric dust, topography, and surface albedo and thermal inertia. This results in a complex mix of sun-synchronous and nonsun- synchronous tides propagating both eastward and westward around the planet in periods that are integer fractions of a solar day. The Rover Environmental Monitoring Station on board the Mars Science Laboratory has observed air pressure at a regular cadence for over 1 Mars year and here we analyze and diagnose atmospheric tides in this pressure record. The diurnal tide amplitude varies from 26 to 63 Pa with an average phase of 0424 local true solar time, while the semidiurnal tide amplitude varies from 5 to 20 Pa with an average phase of 0929. We find that both the diurnal and semidiurnal tides in Gale Crater are highly correlated to atmospheric opacity variations at a value of 0.9 and to each other at a value of 0.77, with some key exceptions occurring during regional and local dust storms. We supplement our analysis with MarsWRF general circulation modeling to examine how a local dust storm impacts the diurnal tide in its vicinity. We find that both the diurnal tide amplitude enhancement and regional coverage of notable amplitude enhancement linearly scales with the size of the local dust storm. Our results provide the first long-term record of surface pressure tides near the martian equator.

Published
2015
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36. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer, MEDA. A Suite of Environmental Sensors for the Mars 2020 Mission

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, European Research Council, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juárez, M. de la, Alonso, A., Apéstigue, V., Arruego, I., Atienza, T., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Carrera, M. A., Castañer, L., Ceballos-Cáceres, J., Chen-Chen, H, Cobos, A., Conrad, P.G., Cordoba, E., Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del, de Vicente Retortillo, A., Domínguez-Pumar, M., Díaz-Espejo, Antonio, González Fairén, Alberto, Fernández-Palma, A., Ferrándiz, Ricardo, Ferri, F., Fischer, E., García-Manchado, A., García-Villadangos, Miriam, Genzer, M., Giménez, S., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Gómez, Felipe, Guzewich, Scott D., Harri, A-M, Hernández, C.D., Hieta, M., Hueso, R., Jaakonaho, I., Jiménez, J. J., Jiménez, V., Larman, A., Leiter, R., Lepinette, Alain, Lemmon, M.T., López, G, Madsen, S.N., Mäkinen, T., Marín, M., Martín Soler, Javier, Martínez, G., Molina-Jurado, Antonio, Mora Sotomayor, Luis, Moreno-Álvarez, J. F., Navarro, Sara, Newman, C E, Ortega, C., Parrondo, M.C., Peinado, Verónica, Peña, A., Pérez-Grande, I., Pérez-Hoyos, S., Pla-García, Jorge, Polkko, J., Postigo Cacho, Marina, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Ramos, M. Ángeles, Richardson, M. I., Romeral Planelló, Julio J., Romero, C, Runyon, K D, Saiz-Lopez, A., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Sard, I., Schofield, J. T., Sebastián-Martínez, Eduardo, Smith, M D, Sullivan, R J, Tamppari, L K, Thompson, A D, Toledo, D, Torrero, F, Torres-Redondo, Josefina, Urquí, R., Velasco, T., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, Zurita, S., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (España), Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (España), Eusko Jaurlaritza, European Research Council, Rodríguez Manfredi, José Antonio, Torre Juárez, M. de la, Alonso, A., Apéstigue, V., Arruego, I., Atienza, T., Banfield, D., Boland, J., Carrera, M. A., Castañer, L., Ceballos-Cáceres, J., Chen-Chen, H, Cobos, A., Conrad, P.G., Cordoba, E., Río Gaztelurrutia, Teresa del, de Vicente Retortillo, A., Domínguez-Pumar, M., Díaz-Espejo, Antonio, González Fairén, Alberto, Fernández-Palma, A., Ferrándiz, Ricardo, Ferri, F., Fischer, E., García-Manchado, A., García-Villadangos, Miriam, Genzer, M., Giménez, S., Gómez-Elvira, Javier, Gómez, Felipe, Guzewich, Scott D., Harri, A-M, Hernández, C.D., Hieta, M., Hueso, R., Jaakonaho, I., Jiménez, J. J., Jiménez, V., Larman, A., Leiter, R., Lepinette, Alain, Lemmon, M.T., López, G, Madsen, S.N., Mäkinen, T., Marín, M., Martín Soler, Javier, Martínez, G., Molina-Jurado, Antonio, Mora Sotomayor, Luis, Moreno-Álvarez, J. F., Navarro, Sara, Newman, C E, Ortega, C., Parrondo, M.C., Peinado, Verónica, Peña, A., Pérez-Grande, I., Pérez-Hoyos, S., Pla-García, Jorge, Polkko, J., Postigo Cacho, Marina, Prieto-Ballesteros, Olga, Rafkin, Scot C. R., Ramos, M. Ángeles, Richardson, M. I., Romeral Planelló, Julio J., Romero, C, Runyon, K D, Saiz-Lopez, A., Sánchez-Lavega, A., Sard, I., Schofield, J. T., Sebastián-Martínez, Eduardo, Smith, M D, Sullivan, R J, Tamppari, L K, Thompson, A D, Toledo, D, Torrero, F, Torres-Redondo, Josefina, Urquí, R., Velasco, T., Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel, and Zurita, S.

Abstract

NASA's Mars 2020 (M2020) rover mission includes a suite of sensors to monitor current environmental conditions near the surface of Mars and to constrain bulk aerosol properties from changes in atmospheric radiation at the surface. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) consists of a set of meteorological sensors including wind sensor, a barometer, a relative humidity sensor, a set of 5 thermocouples to measure atmospheric temperature at ∼1.5 m and ∼0.5 m above the surface, a set of thermopiles to characterize the thermal IR brightness temperatures of the surface and the lower atmosphere. MEDA adds a radiation and dust sensor to monitor the optical atmospheric properties that can be used to infer bulk aerosol physical properties such as particle size distribution, non-sphericity, and concentration. The MEDA package and its scientific purpose are described in this document as well as how it responded to the calibration tests and how it helps prepare for the human exploration of Mars. A comparison is also presented to previous environmental monitoring payloads landed on Mars on the Viking, Pathfinder, Phoenix, MSL, and InSight spacecraft.

Published
2021

37. REMS: The Environmental Sensor Suite for the Mars Science Laboratory Rover

Author

Gómez-Elvira, J., Armiens, C., Castañer, L., Domínguez, M., Genzer, M., Gómez, F., Haberle, R., Harri, A.-M., Jiménez, V., Kahanpää, H., Kowalski, L., Lepinette, A., Martín, J., Martínez-Frías, J., McEwan, I., Mora, L., Moreno, J., Navarro, S., de Pablo, M. A., Peinado, V., Peña, A., Polkko, J., Ramos, M., Renno, N. O., Ricart, J., Richardson, M., Rodríguez-Manfredi, J., Romeral, J., Sebastián, E., Serrano, J., de la Torre Juárez, M., Torres, J., Torrero, F., Urquí, R., Vázquez, L., Velasco, T., Verdasca, J., Zorzano, M.-P., and Martín-Torres, J.

Published
2012
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38. Secular Climate Change on Mars: An Update Using One Mars Year of MSL Pressure Data

Author

Haberle, R. M, Gomez-Elvira, J, de la Torre Juarez, M, Harri, A-M, Hollingsworth, J. L, Kahanpaa, H, Kahre, M. A, Lemmon, M, Martin-Torres, F. J, Mischna, M, Moores, J. E, Newman, C, Rafkin, S. C. R, Renno, N, Richardson, M. I, Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A, Thomas, P, Vasavada, A. R, Wong, M. H, and Zorzano-Mier, M-P

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

The South Polar Residual Cap (SPRC) on Mars is an icy reservoir of CO2. If all the CO2 trapped in the SPRC were released to the atmosphere the mean annual global surface pressure would rise by approximately 20 Pa. Repeated MOC and HiRISE imaging of scarp retreat within the SPRC led to suggestions that the SPRC is losing mass. Estimates for the loss rate vary between 0. 5 Pa per Mars Decade to 13 Pa per Mars Decade. Assuming 80% of this loss goes directly into the atmosphere, an estimate based on some modeling (Haberle and Kahre, 2010), and that the loss is monotonic, the global annual mean surface pressure should have increased between approximately 1-20 Pa since the Viking mission (approximately 20 Mars years ago). Surface pressure measurements by the Phoenix Lander only 2.5 Mars years ago were found to be consistent with these loss rates. Last year at this meeting we compared surface pressure data from the MSL mission through sol 360 with that from Viking Lander 2 (VL-2) for the same period to determine if the trend continues. The results were ambiguous. This year we have a full Mars year of MSL data to work with. Using the Ames GCM to compensate for dynamics and environmental differences, our analysis suggests that the mean annual pressure has decreased by approximately 8 Pa since Viking. This result implies that the SPRC has gained (not lost) mass since Viking. However, the estimated uncertainties in our analysis are easily at the 10 Pa level and possibly higher. Chief among these are the hydrostatic adjustment of surface pressure from grid point elevations to actual elevations and the simulated regional environmental conditions at the lander sites. For these reasons, the most reasonable conclusion is that there is no significant difference in the size of the atmosphere between now and Viking. This implies, but does not demand, that the mass of the SPRC has not changed since Viking. Of course, year-to-year variations are possible as implied by the Phoenix data. Given that there has been no unusual behavior in the climate system as observed by a variety of spacecraft at Mars since Phoenix, its seems more likely that the Phoenix data simply did not have a long enough record to accurately determine annual mean pressure changes as Haberle and Kahre (2010) cautioned. In the absence of a strong signal in the MSL data, we conclude that if the SPRC is loosing mass it is not going into the atmosphere reservoir.

Published
2014

41. In situ measurements of the physical characteristics of Titan's environment

Author

Fulchignoni, M., Ferri, F., Angrilli, F., Ball, A. J., Bar-Nun, A., Barucci, M. A., Bettanini, C., Bianchini, G., Borucki, W., Colombatti, G., Coradini, M., Coustenis, A., Debei, S., Falkner, P., Fanti, G., Flamini, E., Gaborit, V., Grard, R., Hamelin, M., Harri, A. M., Hathi, B., Jernej, I., Leese, M. R., Lehto, A., Lion Stoppato, P. F., Lopez-Moreno, J. J., Makinen, T., McDonnell, J. A. M., McKay, C. P., Molina-Cuberos, G., Neubauer, F. M., Pirronello, V., Rodrigo, R., Saggin, B., Schwingenschuh, K., Seiff, A., Simoes, F., Svedhem, H., Tokano, T., Towner, M. C., Trautner, R., Withers, P., and Zarnecki, J. C.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): M. Fulchignoni [1, 2]; F. Ferri (corresponding author) [3]; F. Angrilli [3]; A. J. Ball [4]; A. Bar-Nun [5]; M. A. Barucci [1]; C. Bettanini [3]; G. Bianchini [3]; [...]

Published
2005
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42. REMS: The Environmental Sensor Suite for the Mars Science Laboratory Rover

Author

Gómez-Elvira, J., primary, Armiens, C., additional, Castañer, L., additional, Domínguez, M., additional, Genzer, M., additional, Gómez, F., additional, Haberle, R., additional, Harri, A.-M., additional, Jiménez, V., additional, Kahanpää, H., additional, Kowalski, L., additional, Lepinette, A., additional, Martín, J., additional, Martínez-Frías, J., additional, McEwan, I., additional, Mora, L., additional, Moreno, J., additional, Navarro, S., additional, de Pablo, M. A., additional, Peinado, V., additional, Peña, A., additional, Polkko, J., additional, Ramos, M., additional, Renno, N. O., additional, Ricart, J., additional, Richardson, M., additional, Rodríguez-Manfredi, J., additional, Romeral, J., additional, Sebastián, E., additional, Serrano, J., additional, de la Torre Juárez, M., additional, Torres, J., additional, Torrero, F., additional, Urquí, R., additional, Vázquez, L., additional, Velasco, T., additional, Verdasca, J., additional, Zorzano, M.-P., additional, and Martín-Torres, J., additional

Published
2012
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43. Secular Climate Change on Mars: An Update Using MSL Pressure Data

Author

Haberle, R. M, Gomez-Elvira, J, Juarez, M. de la Torre, Harri, A.-M, Hollingsworth, J. L, Kahanpaa, H, Kahre, M. A, Lemmon, M, Martin-Torres, F. J, Mischna, M, Moores, J. E, Newman, C, Rafkin, S. C. R, Renno, N, Richardson, M. I, Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A, Thomas, P, Vasavada, A. R, Wong, M. H, and Zorzano-Mier, M.-P

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

The South Polar Residual Cap (SPRC) on Mars is an icy reservoir of CO2. If all the CO2 trapped in the SPRC were released to the atmosphere the mean annual global surface pressure would rise by approx. 20 Pa. Repeated MOC and HiRISE imaging of scarp retreat rates within the SPRC have led to the suggestion that the SPRC is losing mass. Estimates for the loss rate vary between 0.5 Pa per Mars Deacde to 13 Pa per Mars Decade. Assuming 80% of this loss goes directly to the atmosphere, and that the loss is monotonic, the global annual mean surface pressure should have increased between approx. 1-20 Pa since the Viking mission (19 Mars years ago).

Published
2013

44. A Preliminary Interpretation of the First Results from the REMS Surface Pressure Measurements of the MSL Mission

Author

Haberle, Robert M, Gomez-Elvira, J, dalaTorreJuarez, M, Harri, A-M, Hollingsworth, J. L, Kahanapaa, H, Kahre, M. A, Martin-Torres, F. J, Mischna, M, Newman, C, Ratfkin, S. C. R, Renno, N, Richardson, M. I, Rodriquez-Manfredi, J. A, Vasavada, A. R, and Zorzano-Mier, M-P

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

The Rover Environmental Monitoring Station (REMS) on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Curiosity rover consists of a suite of meteorological instruments that measure pressure, temperature (air and ground), wind (speed and direction), relative humidity, and the UV flux. A description of the instruments is described elsewhere.. Here we focus on interpreting the first 90 sols of REMS operations with a particular emphasis on the pressure data.

Published
2013

48. The Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument (HASI): Expected Results at Titan and Performance Verification in Terrestrial Atmosphere

Author

Ferri, F, Fulchignoni, M, Colombatti, G, Stoppato, P. F. Lion, Zarnecki, J. C, Harri, A. M, Schwingenschuh, K, Hamelin, M, Flamini, E, Bianchini, G, and Angrilli, F

Subjects
Space Sciences (General)
Abstract

The Huygens ASI is a multi-sensor package resulting from an international cooperation, it has been designed to measure the physical quantities characterizing Titan's atmosphere during the Huygens probe mission. On 14th January, 2005, HASI will measure acceleration, pressure, temperature and electrical properties all along the Huygens probe descent on Titan in order to study Titan s atmospheric structure, dynamics and electric properties. Monitoring axial and normal accelerations and providing direct pressure and temperature measurements during the descent, HASI will mainly contribute to the Huygens probe entry and trajectory reconstruction. In order to simulate the Huygens probe descent and verify HASI sensors performance in terrestrial environment, stratospheric balloon flight experiment campaigns have been performed, in collaboration with the Italian Space Agency (ASI). The results of flight experiments have allowed to determine the atmospheric vertical profiles and to obtain a set of data for the analysis of probe trajectory and attitude reconstruction.

Published
2005

49. THE CHARACTERISATION OF TITANʼS ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICAL PROPERTIES BY THE HUYGENS ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE INSTRUMENT (HASI)

Author

Fulchignoni, M., Ferri, F., Angrilli, F., Bar-Nun, A., Barucci, M. A., Bianchini, G., Borucki, W., Coradini, M., Coustenis, A., Falkner, P., Flamini, E., Grard, R., Hamelin, M., Harri, A. M., Leppelmeier, G. W., Lopez-Moreno, J. J., McDonnell, J. A.M., Mckay, C. P., Neubauer, F. H., Pedersen, A., Picardi, G., Pirronello, V., Rodrigo, R., Schwingenschuh, K., Seiff, A., Svedhem, H., Vanzani, V., and Zarnecki, J.

Published
2002

50. iMars Phase 2 : A Draft Mission Architecture and Science Management Plan for the Return of Samples from Mars

Author

Haltigin, T., Lange, Christian, Mugnolo, R., Smith, C., Amundsen, H.E.F., Bousquet, P.-W., Conley, C.A., Debus, André, Dias, Jose Capela, Falkner, P., Gass, V., Harri, A.-M., Hauber, Ernst, Ivanov, Anton, Ivanov, Alexey, Kminek, G., Korablev, O., Koschny, Detlef, Larranaga, J.R., Marty, B., McLennan, S M, Meyer, M., Nilsen, E., Orleanski, P., Orosei, R., Rebuffat, D., Safa, F., Schmitz, Nicole, Siljeström, S., Thomas, N., Vago, J., Vandaele, A.-C., Voirin, Thomas, and Whetsel, C.

Subjects
missions, Mars, planetary protection, sample return
Published
2018
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