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The aluminium strontium master alloy Al-10Sr has been investigated by in-situ neutron diffraction upon a heating-cooling cycle, revealing composition, crystallographic structure, lattice evolution and linear thermal expansion coefficients. Expansion of the Al matrix between (23.5 ... 26.7)$\times$10$^{-6}$ K$^{-1}$ depends on temperature and fits well to the literature values, extrapolating to higher temperature at 800 K. Thermal expansion is highly anisotropic for tetragonal Al$_{4}$Sr by a factor of 1.86 with values of 20.8 and 11.1$\times$10$^{-6}$ K$^{-1}$ in {\it a} and {\it c}-axis. The even large discrepancy to the Al matrix is prone to residual intergranular phase stresses, explaining the brittleness of such composite material. Upon first heating, recovery of the initially plastically deformed materials is observed until 600 K and 700 K, for Al$_{4}$Sr and Al. Rietveld analysis refines the 4{\it e} Wyckoff positions of the {\it I} 4/{\it m m m} crystal structure to {\it z} = 0.39 revealing that local tetrahedrons are regular while local hexagons are stretched, in contrast to the literature. Its lattice parameters report to $a_{\rm I}$ = 4.44240(48) {\AA}, $c_{\rm I}$ = 11.0836(15) {\AA} at 300 K. Furthermore, the manuscript demonstrates full technical analysis of the neutron data. Findings feed into data bases and an outlook for improving mechanical properties of Al$_{4}$Sr composites is given.

{\it in situ} neutron diffraction during tensile deformation of lath martensite steel containing 0.22 mass\% of carbon, is performed using TAKUMI of J-PARC. The diffraction peaks at plastically deformed states exhibit asymmetries as the reflection of redistributions of the stress and dislocation densities/arrangements in lath-packets where the dislocation glides are favorable (soft packet) and unfavorable (hard packet). The dislocation density is as high as 10$^{15}$ m$^{-2}$ at the as-quenched state, and then during tensile straining, the load and the dislocation density become different between the two lath-packets. The dislocation character and arrangement vary also in the hard packet, but hardly change in the soft packet. The hard packet plays an important role in the high work hardening in martensite, which could be understood by taking into account not only the increase of the dislocation density but also the change in dislocation arrangement.

The microstructure evolution during reverse transformation of a Cr-Ni-Mo steel consisting of tempered lath martensite and Cr carbide was examined using {\it in situ} neutron diffraction at high temperatures. The microstructural change from a reversed coarse-grained structure to a fine-grained polygonal structure by further annealing was monitored through a decrease in the diffraction intensity caused by primary extinction and the full width at half maximum. This result is different from that for a bainite steel, showing good coincidence with the observations using electron back scatter diffraction.

Based on high-resolution neutron diffraction experiments we will show that in lath martensite steels the initially homogeneous dislocation structure is disrupted by plastic deformation, to produce a composite on the length scale of martensite lath packets. The diffraction patterns of plastically strained martensitic steel reveal characteristically asymmetric peak profiles in the same way as has been observed in materials with heterogeneous dislocation structures. Lath packets oriented favorably or unfavorably for dislocation glide become soft or hard. The lath packet type develops by work softening or work hardening in which the dislocation density becomes smaller or larger compared to the initial average one. The decomposition into soft and hard lath packets is accompanied by load redistribution between the two lath packet types. The composite behavior of plastically deformed lath martensite opens a new way to understand the elastic-plastic response in this class of materials.

大強度陽子加速器施設(J-PARC)物質・生命科学実験施設(MLF)では2017年より「MLF将来計画技術検討会」が設置され、MLFの線源や実験装置の将来計画について議論が行われてきた。同検討会では中性子実験装置についても装置カテゴリ毎に現状の問題点や今後目指すべき方向性についての報告がなされた。本報告書は、今後の将来計画の検討の一助とするべく、同検討会におけるMLF中性子実験装置に関する発表資料をまとめたものである。, A series of meetings to discuss future neutron/muon sources and instruments at Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) in Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) has been held since 2017. Each of the neutron instrument groups in MLF proposed required features for future instruments, while addressing issues of the current instruments and facilities. This report compiles the presentation materials presented by the neutron instrument groups in the meetings to help future discussion for the coming MLF.

An equal-molar CoCrFeMnNi, face-centered-cubic (fcc) high-entropy alloy (HEA) and a nickel-based superalloy are studied using in situ neutron diffraction experiments. With continuous measurements, the evolution of diffraction peaks is collected for microscopic lattice strain analyses. Cyclic hardening and softening are found in both metallic systems. However, as obtained from the diffraction-peak-width evolution, the underneath deformation mechanisms are quite different. The CoCrFeMnNi HEA exhibits distinct lattice strain and microstructure responses under tension-compression cyclic loadings.

We have studied the structure change of an ordered Fe$_{3}$Pt (degree of order $\sim$0.75) under a compressive stress applied in the [001] direction by neutron diffraction. In the absence of the stress, the alloy exhibits a weak first order martensitic transformation at 90 K from the L1$_{2}$-type cubic structure to the L6$_{0}$-type tetragonal structure. Under the compressive stress of 100 MPa, the first order nature of the thermally-induced martensitic transformation was undetectable in the temperature range of between 70 K and 270 K. The first order nature of the stress-induced martensitic transformation was also undetectable in the stress range of between 6 MPa and 300 MPa when tested at 120 K and higher temperatures. Under these conditions, the lattice parameters change continuously both in the cooling process and in the stress-applying process. A significant stress-induced softening of lattice was observed between 120 K and 265 K but not at 93 K and 295 K.

Two TRIP-aided multiphase steels with different carbon contents were analyzed in situ during tensile deformation by time-of-flight neutron diffraction to clarify the deformation induced martensitic transformation behavior and its role on the strengthening mechanism. The difference in the carbon content affected mainly the difference in the phase fractions before deformation, where the higher carbon content increased the phase fraction of retained austenite ($\gamma$). However, the changes in the relative fraction of martensitic transformation with respect to the applied strain were found to be similar in both steels since the carbon concentrations in $\gamma$ were similar. The stress contribution from martensite was observed increasing during plastic deformation while that from bainitic ferrite hardly changing and that from $\gamma$ decreasing.