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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by inherited or acquired deficiency in production of insulin by the pancreas, or by the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced. It is widely present in all parts of the world affecting nearly 15 % of the population and considered as one of the leading cause of death in humans. In recent years alternative treatment methods are being followed by the diabetic patients in order to avoid side effects of allopathic medicines. Many plant sources are being used to treat diabetes mellitus from time immemorial but all are not validated scientifically. Hence in the present study a commonly available drug source – Vetiveria zizanioides L. (Nash) belonging to the family Poaceae has been chosen and tested for its in vitro antidiabetic potential. Aqueous and ethanolic root extract of Vetiveria zizanioides L. (Nash) were prepared and evaluated for its in vitro antidiabetic potential. Preliminary phytochemical screening of plant extracts revealed the presence of saponin, terpenoid, alkaloid, coumarin, flavanoids, lignins, glycosides and Phenol. The extracts were studied for in vitro antidiabetic activity and its effect on inhibition of glucose diffusion, glycosylation of hemoglobin and glucose transport across yeast cells. From the extracts, ethanol extract exhibited potent inhibition of glucose diffusion, glycosylation of hemoglobin, glucose uptake by yeast cells, significant glucose adsorption capacity, uptake of glucose by rat hemi-diaphragm were found to be in a dose dependent manner. From the results of the study, it is inferred that, Vetiveria zizanioides L. (Nash) root ethanol extract possesses excellent antidiabetic activity compared to aqueous extract. However, these effects need to be confirmed using in vivo models and clinical trials for its effective utilization as therapeutic agent.

Cervical cancer is one of the most dangerous and widespread illnesses afflicting women throughout the globe, particularly in East Africa and South Asia. In industrialised nations, the incidence of cervical cancer has consistently decreased over the past few decades. However, in developing countries, the reduction in incidence has been considerably slower, and in some instances, the incidence has increased. Implementing routine screenings for cervical cancer is something that has to be done to protect the health of women. Cervical cancer is famously difficult to diagnose and cure due to the slow rate at which it spreads and develops into more advanced stages of the disease. Screening for cervical cancer using a Pap smear, more often referred to as a Pap test, has the potential to detect the illness in its earlier stages. For the purpose of selecting features for this article, a gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) technique was used. Following this step, classification is performed with methods such as convolutional neural network (CNN), support vector machine, and auto encoder. According to the findings of this experiment, the GLCM-CNN classifier proved to be the one with the highest degree of precision.

Chlorpromazine (CPZ), an antipsychotic drug derived from phenothiazine, can cause a range of adverse effects in humans, notably visual problems and hematological disorders upon consumption of chlorpromazine‐contaminated water. In this regard, a novel electrochemical sensing platform based on a copper–aluminum‐layered double hydroxide (Cu–Al LDH)‐modified platinum electrode for the highly sensitive and selective detection of chlorpromazine in groundwater samples has been developed. The immobilized Cu–Al LDH showed an electrocatalytic effect on chlorpromazine reduction and oxidation. Among the employed electroanalytical techniques, only the square‐wave voltammetry‐assisted Pt/Cu–Al LDH electrode could detect chlorpromazine with a remarkable sensitivity of 0.065 µA µM−1 over a broad linear detection range of 0.01–760 µM, with low detection and quantification limits of 4.86 and 16.18 nM, respectively. Furthermore, the developed electrode can rapidly detect chlorpromazine within less than 10 s. In addition, the diffusion profiles of steady‐state concentrations of oxidized and reduced chlorpromazine within the immobilized Cu–Al were studied using the Legendre wavelet method. Moreover, the developed Pt/Cu–Al LDH electrode demonstrated satisfactory rates in the quantification of chlorpromazine in groundwater samples, yielding satisfactory recovery rates (97.63–102.57%), confirming the practicability of the fabricated electrode in real‐time monitoring of chlorpromazine levels in groundwater without requiring any sample pretreatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]