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7. Use of local waste for biochar production: Influence of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature on chromium removal from aqueous solutions.

Author

Arán, Daniela S., Deza, María, Monferrán, Magdalena V., Pignata, M. Luisa, and Harguinteguy, Carlos A.

Subjects
BIOCHAR, AQUEOUS solutions, POULTRY litter, CHROMIUM, LETTUCE, FEEDSTOCK
Abstract

Sediment enrichment with biochar, a high‐carbon material produced by the pyrolysis of biomass, is a promising remediation strategy for metal pollution. The metal immobilization capacity of biochar can be explained by its porous structure, surface functional groups, pH greater than 7, and cation exchange capacity. However, the effectiveness in reducing metal bioavailability depends on the physicochemical characteristics of the biochar, which are strongly associated with the process conditions and feedstock. The aims of this study were to analyze the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the properties of biochars derived from different locally available biomass materials, biochar potential to adsorb Cr, and biochar phytotoxicity in seed germination. Poultry litter (PL), maize straw, the macrophyte Juncus imbricatus, and phytoremediation wastes from the macrophyte previously exposed to Cr were pyrolyzed into biochar at 300 °C and 600 °C. The properties and capacity of biochar to remove Cr from the aqueous phase were determined. Finally, a germination assay was performed to evaluate biochar phytotoxicity. Biochar yield decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature, whereas ash content and pH increased. Biochar C content and total surface area increased with temperature. Biochar Cr removal capacity improved under the highest temperature, reaching a maximum sorption value of 13.7 mg g−1 Cr at 300 °C in PL biochar and of 42.6 mg g−1 Cr at 600 °C in J. imbricatus biochar. Despite the comparatively high metal content in the biochar, the germination indices of all biochars produced at 600 °C were higher than 80%, suggesting no phytotoxicity. Considering the metal sorption capacity and the phytotoxicity, biochars produced from J. imbricatus, PL, and phytoremediation residues at 600 °C were suitable for use in the removal of Cr from water. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:717–725. © 2022 SETAC Key Points: The sorption of Cr was more effective in biochars produced from lignin and cellulose‐rich biomass at 600 °C.The germination indices of Lactuca sativa seeds exposed to biochars produced at 600 °C were higher than 80%, suggesting no phytotoxicity.Juncus imbricatus plants used for phytoremediation could be recycled by their transformation into biochar for chromium immobilization and have a safe final disposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. Change in the meiofauna community structure of sandy beaches of the nuevo gulf (Chubut, Argentina)

Author

Harguinteguy, Carlos Alfredo, Cofré, María Noelia, and Pastor, Catalina Teresa

Subjects
Ciencias Biológicas, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], INTERTIDAL, ARGENTINA, Biología Marina, Limnología, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, MEIOFAUNA, SANDY SEDIMENT
Abstract

The composition and distribution of the benthic meiofauna assemblages of the Nuevo Gulf (Chubut, Argentina) are described in relation to abiotic variables. The meiofauna and sediment samples were collected in the intertidal zone of four sandy beaches with different anthropic disturbances in June 2005. The samples were obtained at 20 sampling sites using a 2.5 cm diameter core tube at a depth of 10 cm. A total of 13 meiofauna taxa were identified, with the meiofauna being primarily represented by nematodes, gastrotrichs, ciliates and polychaetes and the meiofauna abundances ranging from 1.5 × 103 to 6.5 × 103 ind. 10 cm-2. Univariate (one-way ANOVA test) and multivariate (ANOSIM/MDS test) analyses showed clear dissimilarities in community structures between sites with anthropic effects and those in pristine condition, revealed by the significant differences were found between beaches near to and far away from a city with port activity. The meiofaunal assemblage varied in abundance and diversity, and these changes in the community structure may have been related to environmental gradients on the shore. The BIO-ENV analysis showed that the redox potential discontinuity depth might be the main factor in the spatial distribution of organisms. La composición y distribución de la meiofauna bentónica del Golfo Nuevo (Chubut, Argentina) se describen en relación a las variables ambientales. La meiofauna y el sedimento de la zona intermareal de cuatro playas de arena con diferentes perturbaciones antrópicas fueron recolectadas en Junio de 2005. Las muestras se colectaron en 20 sitios de muestreo con tubos core de 2,5 cm de diámetro y 10 cm de profundidad. Fueron identificados 13 taxones de meiofauna, representados principalmente por nematodos, gastrotricos, ciliados y poliquetos y la abundancia de la meiofauna que fue desde 1,5 × 103 a 6,5 × 103 ind. 10 cm‑2. Los análisis univariado (ANOVA de una-vía) y multivariado (ANOSIM/MDS) indicaron diferencias significativas en las estructuras de la comunidad entre los sitios con efectos antrópicos y aquellos en condiciones prístinas, revelando que estas diferencias fueron entre las playas próximas y alejadas de una ciudad con la actividad portuaria. Los cambios en la estructura de la comunidad (abundancia y diversidad) pueden haber estado relacionados con gradientes ambientales próximos a la costa. El análisis BIO‑ENV mostró que la profundidad de la discontinuidad del potencial redox puede ser el principal factor que influye en la distribución espacial de los organismos. Fil: Harguinteguy, Carlos Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina Fil: Cofré, María Noelia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina Fil: Pastor, Catalina Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina

Published
2012

12. Assessment of two species of macrophytes as biomomitors of heavy metals in rivers of Córdoba, Argentina

Author

Harguinteguy, Carlos Alfredo, Wannaz, Eduardo Daniel, Pignata, María Luisa, and Pérez, Carlos A.

Subjects
Ciencias Medioambientales, HEAVY METALS, SURFACE WATER, BIOMOMITORS, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente
Abstract

Direct discharge or wet and dry air depositions of contaminants increase the concentrations of trace elements in aquatic systems, thus resulting in their accumulation in sediments. Aquatic plants absorb elements through roots and/or shoots and in water quality studies they may be useful biomonitors. The aim of this study was to evaluate two macrophytes species, Stuckenia filiformis and Potamogeton pusillus as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution and their spatial variation in rivers of the province of Córdoba. The sampling was carried out in the rivers Ctalamochita and Suquía of the province of Córdoba. The elemental composition of S. filiformis and P. pusillus leaves was determined using Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence with Synchrotron Radiation (SR-TXRF). In all cases significant differences were found between the sampling sites, except for Ni concentrations. S. filiformis and P. pusillus accumulated the highest levels of Cu, Pb and Zn in the city of Río Tercero. Moreover, Zn concentrations were significantly higher in the site located after the city. As for the Suquía river, the highest values of Cu, Pb and Zn were found after the city of Córdoba. The species S. filiformis and P. pusillus behaved as effective biomonitors of aquatic quality. Fil: Harguinteguy, Carlos Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina Fil: Wannaz, Eduardo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina Fil: Pignata, María Luisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (p); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina Fil: Pérez, Carlos A.. Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory; Brasil

Published
2011

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