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1. Search for GeV Gamma-ray Counterparts of Gravitational Wave Events by CALET

Author

Adriani, O., Akaike, Y., Asano, K., Asaoka, Y., Bagliesi, M. G., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di Felice, V., Ebisawa, K., Fuke, H., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hareyama, M., Hasebe, N., Hibino, K., Ichimura, M., Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Kasahara, K., Kataoka, J., Kataoka, R., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Kohri, K., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, K., Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Murakami, H., Nakahira, S., Nishimura, J., de Nolfo, G. A., Okuno, S., Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, S., Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S. B., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Suh, J. E., Sulaj, A., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, M., Takita, M., Tamura, T., Tateyama, N., Terasawa, T., Tomida, H., Torii, S., Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Ueno, S., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., and Yoshida, K.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present results on searches for gamma-ray counterparts of the LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave events using CALorimetric Electron Telescope ({\sl CALET}) observations. The main instrument of {\sl CALET}, CALorimeter (CAL), observes gamma-rays from $\sim1$ GeV up to 10 TeV with a field of view of nearly 2 sr. In addition, the {\sl CALET} gamma-ray burst monitor (CGBM) views $\sim$3 sr and $\sim2\pi$ sr of the sky in the 7 keV -- 1 MeV and the 40 keV -- 20 MeV bands, respectively, by using two different crystal scintillators. The {\sl CALET} observations on the International Space Station started in October 2015, and here we report analyses of events associated with the following gravitational wave events: GW151226, GW170104, GW170608, GW170814 and GW170817. Although only upper limits on gamma-ray emission are obtained, they correspond to a luminosity of $10^{49}\sim10^{53}$ erg s$^{-1}$ in the GeV energy band depending on the distance and the assumed time duration of each event, which is approximately the order of luminosity of typical short gamma-ray bursts. This implies there will be a favorable opportunity to detect high-energy gamma-ray emission in further observations if additional gravitational wave events with favorable geometry will occur within our field-of-view. We also show the sensitivity of {\sl CALET} for gamma-ray transient events which is the order of $10^{-7}$~erg\,cm$^{-2}$\,s$^{-1}$ for an observation of 100~s duration., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal

Published
2018
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2. Extended Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Spectrum from 11 GeV to 4.8 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author

Adriani, O., Akaike, Y., Asano, K., Asaoka, Y., Bagliesi, M. G., Berti, E., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di Felice, V., Ebisawa, K., Fuke, H., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hareyama, M., Hasebe, N., Hibino, K., Ichimura, M., Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Kasahara, K., Kataoka, J., Kataoka, R., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Kohri, K., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, K., Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Murakami, H., Nakahira, S., Nishimura, J., de Nolfo, G. A., Okuno, S., Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, S., Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S. B., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Suh, J. E., Sulaj, A., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, M., Takita, M., Tamura, T., Tateyama, N., Terasawa, T., Tomida, H., Torii, S., Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Ueno, S., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., and Yoshida, K.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Extended results on the cosmic-ray electron + positron spectrum from 11 GeV to 4.8 TeV are presented based on observations with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station utilizing the data up to November 2017. The analysis uses the full detector acceptance at high energies, approximately doubling the statistics compared to the previous result. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with a total thickness of 30 $X_0$ at normal incidence and fine imaging capability, designed to achieve large proton rejection and excellent energy resolution well into the TeV energy region. The observed energy spectrum in the region below 1 TeV shows good agreement with Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) data. In the energy region below $\sim$300 GeV, CALET's spectral index is found to be consistent with the AMS-02, Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) and Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE), while from 300 to 600 GeV the spectrum is significantly softer than the spectra from the latter two experiments. The absolute flux of CALET is consistent with other experiments at around a few tens of GeV. However, it is lower than those of DAMPE and Fermi-LAT with the difference increasing up to several hundred GeV. The observed energy spectrum above $\sim$1 TeV suggests a flux suppression consistent within the errors with the results of DAMPE, while CALET does not observe any significant evidence for a narrow spectral feature in the energy region around 1.4 TeV. Our measured all-electron flux, including statistical errors and a detailed breakdown of the systematic errors, is tabulated in the Supplemental Material in order to allow more refined spectral analyses based on our data., Comment: main text: 7 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material: 8pages, 6 figures, 2 tables

Published
2018
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3. On-orbit Operations and Offline Data Processing of CALET onboard the ISS

Author

Asaoka, Y., Ozawa, S., Torii, S., Adriani, O., Akaike, Y., Asano, K., Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di Felice, V., Ebisawa, K., Fuke, H., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hareyama, M., Hasebe, N., Hibino, K., Ichimura, M., Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Javaid, A., Kasahara, K., Kataoka, J., Kataoka, R., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Kohri, K., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Kuramata, S., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Mizutani, K., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, K., Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Murakami, H., Nakahira, S., Nishimura, J., de Nolfo, G. A., Okuno, S., Ormes, J. F., Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S. B., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, M., Takita, M., Tamura, T., Tateyama, N., Terasawa, T., Tomida, H., Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Ueno, S., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, K., and Yuda, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), launched for installation on the International Space Station (ISS) in August, 2015, has been accumulating scientific data since October, 2015. CALET is intended to perform long-duration observations of high-energy cosmic rays onboard the ISS. CALET directly measures the cosmic-ray electron spectrum in the energy range of 1 GeV to 20 TeV with a 2% energy resolution above 30 GeV. In addition, the instrument can measure the spectrum of gamma rays well into the TeV range, and the spectra of protons and nuclei up to a PeV. In order to operate the CALET onboard ISS, JAXA Ground Support Equipment (JAXA-GSE) and the Waseda CALET Operations Center (WCOC) have been established. Scientific operations using CALET are planned at WCOC, taking into account orbital variations of geomagnetic rigidity cutoff. Scheduled command sequences are used to control the CALET observation modes on orbit. Calibration data acquisition by, for example, recording pedestal and penetrating particle events, a low-energy electron trigger mode operating at high geomagnetic latitude, a low-energy gamma-ray trigger mode operating at low geomagnetic latitude, and an ultra heavy trigger mode, are scheduled around the ISS orbit while maintaining maximum exposure to high-energy electrons and other high-energy shower events by always having the high-energy trigger mode active. The WCOC also prepares and distributes CALET flight data to collaborators in Italy and the United States. As of August 31, 2017, the total observation time is 689 days with a live time fraction of the total time of approximately 84%. Nearly 450 million events are collected with a high-energy (E>10 GeV) trigger. By combining all operation modes with the excellent-quality on-orbit data collected thus far, it is expected that a five-year observation period will provide a wealth of new and interesting results., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, published online 27 February 2018

Published
2018
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4. Energy Calibration of CALET Onboard the International Space Station

Author

Asaoka, Y., Akaike, Y., Komiya, Y., Miyata, R., Torii, S., Adriani, O., Asano, K., Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di Felice, V., Ebisawa, K., Fuke, H., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hareyama, M., Hasebe, N., Hibino, K., Ichimura, M., Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Javaid, A., Kasahara, K., Kataoka, J., Kataoka, R., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Kitamura, H., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Kuramata, S., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Mizutani, K., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, K., Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Murakami, H., Nakagawa, Y. E., Nakahira, S., Nishimura, J., Okuno, S., Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, S., Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, M., Takita, M., Tamura, T., Tateyama, N., Terasawa, T., Tomida, H., Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Ueno, S., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, K., and Yuda, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

In August 2015, the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), designed for long exposure observations of high energy cosmic rays, docked with the International Space Station (ISS) and shortly thereafter began tocollect data. CALET will measure the cosmic ray electron spectrum over the energy range of 1 GeV to 20 TeV with a very high resolution of 2% above 100 GeV, based on a dedicated instrument incorporating an exceptionally thick 30 radiation-length calorimeter with both total absorption and imaging (TASC and IMC) units. Each TASC readout channel must be carefully calibrated over the extremely wide dynamic range of CALET that spans six orders of magnitude in order to obtain a degree of calibration accuracy matching the resolution of energy measurements. These calibrations consist of calculating the conversion factors between ADC units and energy deposits, ensuring linearity over each gain range, and providing a seamless transition between neighboring gain ranges. This paper describes these calibration methods in detail, along with the resulting data and associated accuracies. The results presented in this paper show that a sufficient accuracy was achieved for the calibrations of each channel in order to obtain a suitable resolution over the entire dynamic range of the electron spectrum measurement., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, published online 4 March 2017

Published
2017
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5. Energy Spectrum of Cosmic-ray Electron and Positron from 10 GeV to 3 TeV Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author

Adriani, O., Akaike, Y., Asano, K., Asaoka, Y., Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di Felice, V., Ebisawa, K., Fuke, H., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hareyama, M., Hasebe, N., Hibino, K., Ichimura, M., Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Javaid, A., Kasahara, K., Kataoka, J., Kataoka, R., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Kuramata, S., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Mizutani, K., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, K., Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Murakami, H., Nakahira, S., Nishimura, J., de Nolfo, G. A., Okuno, S., Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, S., Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S. B., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, M., Takita, M., Tamura, T., Tateyama, N., Terasawa, T., Tomida, H., Torii, S., Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Ueno, S., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, K., and Yuda, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

First results of a cosmic-ray electron + positron spectrum, from 10 GeV to 3 TeV, is presented based upon observations with the CALET instrument on the ISS starting in October, 2015. Nearly a half million electron + positron events are included in the analysis. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with total vertical thickness of 30 $X_0$ and a fine imaging capability designed to achieve a large proton rejection and excellent energy resolution well into the TeV energy region. The observed energy spectrum over 30 GeV can be fit with a single power law with a spectral index of -3.152 $\pm$ 0.016 (stat.+ syst.). Possible structure observed above 100 GeV requires further investigation with increased statistics and refined data analysis., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, published 1 November 2017 in Physical Review Letters

Published
2017
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6. CALET Upper Limits on X-ray and Gamma-ray Counterparts of GW 151226

Author

Adriani, O., Akaike, Y., Asano, K., Asaoka, Y., Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brog, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di Felice, V., Ebisawa, K., Fuke, H., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hareyama, M., Hasebe, N., Hibino, K., Ichimura, M., Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Javaid, A., Kasahara, K., Kataoka, J., Kataoka, R., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Kitamura, H., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Kuramata, S., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Mizutani, K., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, K., Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Murakami, H., Nakagawa, Y. E., Nakahira, S., Nishimura, J., Okuno, S., Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, S., Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, M., Takita, M., Tamura, T., Tateyama, N., Terasawa, T., Tomida, H., Torii, S., Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Ueno, S., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, K., and Yuda, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present upper limits in the hard X-ray and gamma-ray bands at the time of the LIGO gravitational-wave event GW 151226 derived from the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) observation. The main instrument of CALET, CALorimeter (CAL), observes gamma-rays from ~1 GeV up to 10 TeV with a field of view of ~2 sr. The CALET gamma-ray burst monitor (CGBM) views ~3 sr and ~2pi sr of the sky in the 7 keV - 1 MeV and the 40 keV - 20 MeV bands, respectively, by using two different scintillator-based instruments. The CGBM covered 32.5% and 49.1% of the GW 151226 sky localization probability in the 7 keV - 1 MeV and 40 keV - 20 MeV bands respectively. We place a 90% upper limit of 2 x 10^{-7} erg cm-2 s-1 in the 1 - 100 GeV band where CAL reaches 15% of the integrated LIGO probability (~1.1 sr). The CGBM 7 sigma upper limits are 1.0 x 10^{-6} erg cm-2 s-1 (7-500 keV) and 1.8 x 10^{-6} erg cm-2 s-1 (50-1000 keV) for one second exposure. Those upper limits correspond to the luminosity of 3-5 x 10^{49} erg s-1 which is significantly lower than typical short GRBs., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL, corresponding authors: T. Sakamoto, S. Nakahira, Y. Asaoka

Published
2016
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8. Status and performance of the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station

Author

Adriani, O., Akaike, Y., Asaoka, Y., Asano, K., Bagliesi, M.G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W.R., Bongi, M., Buckley, J.H., Cassese, A., Castellini, G., Cherry, M.L., Collazuol, G., Ebisawa, K., Di Felice, V., Fuke, H., Guzik, T.G., Hams, T., Hasebe, N., Hareyama, M., Hibino, K., Ichimura, M., Ioka, K., Israel, M.H., Javaid, A., Kamioka, E., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kataoka, J., Kataoka, R., Kawanaka, N., Kitamura, H., Kotani, T., Krawczynski, H.S., Krizmanic, J.F., Kubota, A., Kuramata, S., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marcelli, L., Marrocchesi, P.S., Mitchell, J.W., Miyake, S., Mizutani, K., Motz, H.M., Moiseev, A.A., Mori, K., Mori, M., Mori, N., Munakata, K., Murakami, H., Nakagawa, Y.E., Nakahira, S., Nishimura, J., Okuno, S., Ormes, J.F., Ozawa, S., Palma, F., Papini, P., Rauch, B.F., Ricciarini, S., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, M., Takita, M., Tamura, T., Tateyama, N., Terasawa, T., Tomida, H., Torii, S., Tunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Ueno, S., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J.P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, K., and Yuda, T.

Published
2014
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19. Determining the Absolute Abundances of Natural Radioactive Elements on the Lunar Surface by the Kaguya Gamma-ray Spectrometer

Author

Kobayashi, S., primary, Kobayashi, S., additional, Hasebe, N., additional, Okudaira, O., additional, Yamashita, N., additional, Karouji, Y., additional, Hareyama, M., additional, Hayatsu, K., additional, Shibamura, E., additional, Kobayashi, M., additional, d’Uston, C., additional, Maurice, S., additional, Gasnault, O., additional, Forni, O., additional, Diez, B., additional, Reedy, R. C., additional, and Kim, K. J., additional

Published
2010
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21. High-energy gamma rays in the RUNJOB experiment

Author

Galkin, V. I., Derbina, V. A., Zamchalova, E. A., Zatsepin, G. T., Zayarnaya, I. S., Ichimura, M., Kamioka, E., Kopenkin, V. V., Kuramata, S., Managadze, A. K., Mukhamedshin, R. A., Nanjo, H., Nazarov, S. N., Oshuev, D. S., Publichenko, P. A., Rakobolskaya, I. V., Roganova, T. M., Sazhina, G. P., Semba, H., Sugimoto, H., Sveshnikova, L. G., Hareyama, M., Shibata, T., Yashin, I. V., and The RUNJOB Collaboration

Published
2007
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22. The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) for high-energy astroparticle physics on the International Space Station

Author

Adriani O., Akaike Y., Asano K., Asaoka Y., Bagliesi M.G., Bigongiari G., Binns W.R., Bonechi S., Bongi M., Buckley J.H., Castellini G., Cherry M.L., Collazuol G., Ebisawa K., Di Felice V., Fuke H., Guzik T.G., Hams T., Hareyama M., Hasebe N., Hibino K., Ichimura M., Ioka K., Israel M.H., Javaid A., Kamioka E., Kasahara K., Kataoka J., Kataoka R., Katayose Y., Kawanaka N., Kitamura H., Kotani T., Krawczynski H.S., Krizmanic J.F., Kubota A., Kuramata S., Lomtadze T., Maestro P., Marcelli L., Marrocchesi P.S., Mitchell J.W., Miyake S., Mizutani K., Moiseev A.A., Mori K., Mori M., Mori N., Motz H.M., Munakata K., Murakami H., Nakagawa Y.E., Nakahira S., Nishimura J., Okuno S., Ormes J.F., Ozawa S., Palma F., Papini P., Rauch B.F., Ricciarini S.B., Sakamoto T., Sasaki M., Shibata M., Shimizu Y., Shiomi A., Sparvoli R., Spillantini P., Takahashi I., Takayanagi M., Takita M., Tamura T., Tateyama N., Terasawa T., Tomida H., Torii S., Tunesada Y., Uchihori Y., Ueno S., Vannuccini E., Wefel J.P., Yamaoka K., Yanagita S., Yoshida A., Yoshida K., and Yuda T.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a space experiment, currently under development by Japan in collaboration with Italy and the United States, which will measure the flux of cosmic-ray electrons (and positrons) up to 20 TeV energy, of gamma rays up to 10 TeV, of nuclei with Z from 1 to 40 up to 1 PeV energy, and will detect gamma-ray bursts in the 7 keV to 20 MeV energy range during a 5 year mission. These measurements are essential to investigate possible nearby astrophysical sources of high energy electrons, study the details of galactic particle propagation and search for dark matter signatures. The main detector of CALET, the Calorimeter, consists of a module to identify the particle charge, followed by a thin imaging calorimeter (3 radiation lengths) with tungsten plates interleaving scintillating fibre planes, and a thick energy measuring calorimeter (27 radiation lengths) composed of lead tungstate logs. The Calorimeter has the depth, imaging capabilities and energy resolution necessary for excellent separation between hadrons, electrons and gamma rays. The instrument is currently being prepared for launch (expected in 2015) to the International Space Station ISS, for installation on the Japanese Experiment Module - Exposure Facility (JEM-EF).

Published
2015
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23. Energy determination of the cascade shower by means of a new type of emulsion chamber with diffuser module

Author

Hareyama, M., Fujii, M., Galkin, V.I., Goto, Y., Ichimura, M., Kamioka, E., Kobayashi, T., Kopenkin, V., Kuramata, S., Managadze, A.K., Matsutani, H., Misnikova, N.P., Mukhamedshin, R.A., Nanjo, H., Nazarov, S.N., Oshuev, D.S., Publichenko, P.A., Rakobolskaya, I.V., Roganova, T.M., Sazhina, G.P., Shabanova, Yu.N., Semba, H., Shibata, T., Sugimoto, H., Sveshnikova, L.G., Takahashi, K., Yashin, I.V., Yokoi, K., Zamchalova, E.A., Zatsepin, G.T., and Zayarnaya, I.S.

Published
2003
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25. Composition and energy spectra of cosmic-ray primaries in the energy range 10 13–10 15 eV/particle observed by Japanese–Russian joint balloon experiment

Author

Apanasenko, A.V., Sukhadolskaya, V.A., Derbina, V.A., Fujii, M., Galkine, V.I., Getsov, G.G., Hareyama, M., Ichimura, M., Ito, S., Kamioka, E., Kitami, T., Kobayashi, T., Kolesnikov, V.D., Kopenkin, V., Kotunova, N.M., Kuramata, S., Kuriyama, Y., Lapshin, V.I., Managadze, A.K., Matsutani, H., Mikami, H., Misnikova, N.P., Mukhamedshin, R.A., Namiki, M., Nanjo, H., Nazarov, S.N., Nikolsky, S.I., Ohe, T., Ohta, S., Osedlo, V.I., Oshuev, D.S., Podorozhny, D.M., Publichenko, P.A., Rakobolskaya, I.V., Roganova, T.M., Saito, M., Sazhina, G.P., Semba, H., Shabanova, Yu.N., Shibata, T., Sugimoto, H., Sveshnikova, L.G., Takahashi, K., Tsuchiya, T., Taran, V.M., Yajima, N., Yamagami, T., Yamamoto, K., Yashin, I.V., Zamchalova, E.A., Zatsepin, G.T., and Zayarnaya, I.S.

Published
2001
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26. First results obtained by RUNJOB campaign

Author

Kamioka, E., Apanasenko, A.V., Berezovskaya, V.A., Fujii, M., Fukuda, T., Hareyama, M., Hashimoto, G., Ichimura, M., Kobayashi, T., Kopenkin, V., Kuramata, S., Lapshin, V.I., Managadze, A.K., Matsutani, H., Misnikova, N.P., Misu, T., Mukhamedshin, R.A., Nakamura, A., Namiki, M., Nanjo, H., Nikolsky, S.I., Ogura, K., Ohta, S., Oshuev, D.S., Publichencko, P.A., Rakobolskaya, I.V., Roganova, T.M., Sazhina, G.P., Semba, H., Shibata, T., Shiota, T., Sugimoto, H., Sveshnikova, L.G., Taran, V.M., Watanabe, Z., Yajima, N., Yamagami, T., Yashin, I.V., Zamchalova, E.A., Zatsepin, G.T., and Zayarnaya, I.S.

Published
2000
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27. On-orbit operations and offline data processing of CALET onboard the ISS

Author

Asaoka, Y., primary, Ozawa, S., additional, Torii, S., additional, Adriani, O., additional, Akaike, Y., additional, Asano, K., additional, Bagliesi, M.G., additional, Bigongiari, G., additional, Binns, W.R., additional, Bonechi, S., additional, Bongi, M., additional, Brogi, P., additional, Buckley, J.H., additional, Cannady, N., additional, Castellini, G., additional, Checchia, C., additional, Cherry, M.L., additional, Collazuol, G., additional, Di Felice, V., additional, Ebisawa, K., additional, Fuke, H., additional, Guzik, T.G., additional, Hams, T., additional, Hareyama, M., additional, Hasebe, N., additional, Hibino, K., additional, Ichimura, M., additional, Ioka, K., additional, Ishizaki, W., additional, Israel, M.H., additional, Javaid, A., additional, Kasahara, K., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Kataoka, R., additional, Katayose, Y., additional, Kato, C., additional, Kawanaka, N., additional, Kawakubo, Y., additional, Krawczynski, H.S., additional, Krizmanic, J.F., additional, Kuramata, S., additional, Lomtadze, T., additional, Maestro, P., additional, Marrocchesi, P.S., additional, Messineo, A.M., additional, Mitchell, J.W., additional, Miyake, S., additional, Mizutani, K., additional, Moiseev, A.A., additional, Mori, K., additional, Mori, M., additional, Mori, N., additional, Motz, H.M., additional, Munakata, K., additional, Murakami, H., additional, Nakahira, S., additional, Nishimura, J., additional, de Nolfo, G.A., additional, Okuno, S., additional, Ormes, J.F., additional, Pacini, L., additional, Palma, F., additional, Papini, P., additional, Penacchioni, A.V., additional, Rauch, B.F., additional, Ricciarini, S.B., additional, Sakai, K., additional, Sakamoto, T., additional, Sasaki, M., additional, Shimizu, Y., additional, Shiomi, A., additional, Sparvoli, R., additional, Spillantini, P., additional, Stolzi, F., additional, Takahashi, I., additional, Takayanagi, M., additional, Takita, M., additional, Tamura, T., additional, Tateyama, N., additional, Terasawa, T., additional, Tomida, H., additional, Tsunesada, Y., additional, Uchihori, Y., additional, Ueno, S., additional, Vannuccini, E., additional, Wefel, J.P., additional, Yamaoka, K., additional, Yanagita, S., additional, Yoshida, A., additional, Yoshida, K., additional, and Yuda, T., additional

Published
2018
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30. The South Pole-Aitken basin region, Moon: GIS-based geologic investigation using Kaguya elemental information

Author

Kim, K.J., J.-P., Williams Dohm, Ruiz, J., Hare, T.M., Hasebe, N., Karouji, Y., Kobayashi, S., Hareyama, M., Shibamura, E., Kobayashi, M., C., d’Uston, Gasnault, O., Forni, O., and Maurice, S.

Abstract

Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), we performed comparative analysis among stratigraphic information and the Kaguya (SELENE) GRS data of the ∼2500-km-diameter South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin and its surroundings. Results indicate that the surface rock materials (including ancient crater materials, mare basalts, and possible SPA impact melt) are average to slightly elevated in K and Th with respect to the rest of the Moon. Also, this study demonstrates that K and Th have not significantly changed since the formation of SPA. The elemental signatures of the impact basin of Fe, Ti, Si, O through time include evidence for resurfacing by ejecta materials and late-stage volcanism. The oldest surfaces of SPA are found to be oxygen-depleted during the heavy bombardment period relative to later stages of geologic development, followed by both an increase in silicon and oxygen, possibly due to ejecta sourced from outside of SPA, and subsequent modification due to mare basaltic volcanism, which increased iron and titanium within SPA. The influence of the distinct geologic history of SPA and surroundings on the mineralogic and elemental abundances is evident as shown in our investigation.

Published
2012

31. The global distribution of calcium on the Moon: Implications for high-Ca pyroxene in the eastern mare region

Author

Yamashita, N., Gasnault, O., Forni, O., d'Uston, C., Reedy, R.C., Karouji, Y., Kobayashi, S., Hareyama, M., Nagaoka, H., Hasebe, N., and Kim, K.J.

Abstract

The first unambiguous global distribution of Ca on the Moon has been revealed by the Kaguya Gamma-Ray Spectrometer. The observation of the 3737 keV gamma rays from 40Ca with a high energy resolution Ge detector, corrected for fast neutrons, improved greatly our confidence in these remote sensing data. While the derived Ca abundance generally confirms the mare-highland dichotomy, we found that the eastern mare regions such as Crisium, Nectaris, and Fecunditatis exhibit unexpected high Ca abundances. This may be explained by regional concentrations of high-Ca clinopyroxene. Our Ca map also shows that the lowest CaO abundance found in the returned samples (∼8 wt%) may actually be common in Oceanus Procellarum, suggesting the possible sampling bias of Apollo and Luna missions. These observational results on Ca serve as a complementary criterion for better characterization of mare regions on the Moon.

Published
2012

32. Lunar farside Th distribution measured by Kaguya gamma-ray spectrometer

Author

Kobayashi, S., Karouji, Y., Morota, T., Takeda, H., Hasebe, N., Hareyama, M., Kobayashi, M., Shibamura, E., Yamashita, N., C., d’Uston, Gasnault, O., Forni, O., Reedy, R.C., and Kim, K.J.

Abstract

Kaguya gamma-ray spectrometer measured thorium (Th) distribution on the lunar farside with the highest sensitivity among past gamma-ray remote sensing missions. The newly obtained Th map has revealed that two regions near the equator on the farside have the lowest Th abundances. We found that the variation of the Th abundance perfectly correlates with the crustal thickness in the farside and the southern nearside, and it could be a result of the crystallization of the lunar magma ocean.

Published
2012

33. Radiation Pneumonitis and Change of Pulmonary Function after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for T1N0M0 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Their Impact on Survival in a Supplementary Analysis of Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) Study JCOG0403

Author

Onishi, H., primary, Nagata, Y., additional, Hiraoka, M., additional, Wakabayashi, M., additional, Eba, J., additional, Ishikura, S., additional, Kokubo, M., additional, Karasawa, K., additional, Shioyama, Y., additional, Onimaru, R., additional, Kozuka, T., additional, Kunieda, E., additional, Saito, T., additional, Nakagawa, K., additional, Hareyama, M., additional, Takai, Y., additional, Hayakawa, K., additional, and Mitsuhashi, N., additional

Published
2017
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34. Energy calibration of CALET onboard the International Space Station

Author

Asaoka, Y., primary, Akaike, Y., additional, Komiya, Y., additional, Miyata, R., additional, Torii, S., additional, Adriani, O., additional, Asano, K., additional, Bagliesi, M.G., additional, Bigongiari, G., additional, Binns, W.R., additional, Bonechi, S., additional, Bongi, M., additional, Brogi, P., additional, Buckley, J.H., additional, Cannady, N., additional, Castellini, G., additional, Checchia, C., additional, Cherry, M.L., additional, Collazuol, G., additional, Di Felice, V., additional, Ebisawa, K., additional, Fuke, H., additional, Guzik, T.G., additional, Hams, T., additional, Hareyama, M., additional, Hasebe, N., additional, Hibino, K., additional, Ichimura, M., additional, Ioka, K., additional, Ishizaki, W., additional, Israel, M.H., additional, Javaid, A., additional, Kasahara, K., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Kataoka, R., additional, Katayose, Y., additional, Kato, C., additional, Kawanaka, N., additional, Kawakubo, Y., additional, Kitamura, H., additional, Krawczynski, H.S., additional, Krizmanic, J.F., additional, Kuramata, S., additional, Lomtadze, T., additional, Maestro, P., additional, Marrocchesi, P.S., additional, Messineo, A.M., additional, Mitchell, J.W., additional, Miyake, S., additional, Mizutani, K., additional, Moiseev, A.A., additional, Mori, K., additional, Mori, M., additional, Mori, N., additional, Motz, H.M., additional, Munakata, K., additional, Murakami, H., additional, Nakagawa, Y.E., additional, Nakahira, S., additional, Nishimura, J., additional, Okuno, S., additional, Ormes, J.F., additional, Ozawa, S., additional, Pacini, L., additional, Palma, F., additional, Papini, P., additional, Penacchioni, A.V., additional, Rauch, B.F., additional, Ricciarini, S., additional, Sakai, K., additional, Sakamoto, T., additional, Sasaki, M., additional, Shimizu, Y., additional, Shiomi, A., additional, Sparvoli, R., additional, Spillantini, P., additional, Stolzi, F., additional, Takahashi, I., additional, Takayanagi, M., additional, Takita, M., additional, Tamura, T., additional, Tateyama, N., additional, Terasawa, T., additional, Tomida, H., additional, Tsunesada, Y., additional, Uchihori, Y., additional, Ueno, S., additional, Vannuccini, E., additional, Wefel, J.P., additional, Yamaoka, K., additional, Yanagita, S., additional, Yoshida, A., additional, Yoshida, K., additional, and Yuda, T., additional

Published
2017
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35. 長時間気球による宇宙線超重核観測計画

Author

Westphal, A. J., Hareyama, M., Okudaira, Osamu, Doke, Tadayoshi, Torii, Shoji, Hasebe, Nobuyuki, Miyajima, Mitsuhiro, Miyachi, Takashi, Yamashita, Naoyuki, and Tawara, Hiroko

Abstract

大気球シンポジウム 平成17年度（2006年1月23-24日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2005 (January 23-24, 2006. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 21名, 資料番号: SA6000068039

Published
2006

36. Cosmic-Ray Spectra and Composition in the Energy Range of 10-1000 TeV per Particle Obtained by the RUNJOB Experiment

Author

The, RUNJOB Collaboration, Derbina, V. A., Galkin, V. I., Kopenkin, V. V., Managadze, A. K., Misnikova, N. P., Mukhamedshin, R. A., Nazarov, S. N., Osedlo, V. I., Oshuev, D. S., Publichenko, P. A., Rakobolskaya, I. V., Roganova, T. M., Sazhina, G. P., Sveshnikova, L. G., Taran, V. M., Yashin, I. V., Zamchalova, E. A., Zatsepin, G. T., Zayarnaya, I. S., Hareyama, M., Hirakawa, Y., Horiuchi, Y., Ichimura, M., Inoue, N., Kamioka, E., Kobayashi, T., Kuramata, S., Matsutani, H., Nagasawa, S., Nakano, R., Namiki, Michiyoshi, Nakazawa, M., Nanjo, H., Ohata, S., Ohtomo, H., Saito, C., Semba, H., Shibata, T., Shuto, D., Sugimoto, H., Suzuki, R., Yajima, Nobuyuki, and Yamagami, Takamasa

Subjects
Physics, Shock wave, Range (particle radiation), Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, chemistry.chemical_element, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Spectral line, Intensity (physics), Particle acceleration, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Helium
Abstract

著者人数: 43名, Accepted: 2005-06-15, 資料番号: SA1003415000

Published
2005

37. Energy determination by means of the emulsion chamber with diffuser module

Author

V., I. Galkin, V., Kopenkin, A., K. Managadze, N., P. Misnikova, R., A. Mukhamedshin, S., N. Nazarov, D., S. Oshuev, P., A. Publichenko, I., V. Rakobolskaya, T., M. Roganova, G., P. Sazhina, L., G. Sveshnikova, I., V. Yashin, E., A. Zamchalova, G., T. Zatsepin, I., S. Zayarnaya, Hareyama, M., Fujii, M., Galkin, V. I., Goto, Y., Ichimura, M., Kamioka, E., Kobayashi, T., Kopenkin, V., Kuramata, S., Managadze, A. K., Matsutani, H., Misnikova, N. P., Mukhamedshin, R. A., Nanjo, H., Nazarov, S. N., Oshuev, D. S., Publichenko, P. A., Rakobolskaya, I. V., Roganova, T. M., Sazhina, G. P., Semba, H., Shibata, T., Sugimoto, H., Sveshnikova, L. G., Takahashi, K., Yashin, I. V., Zamchalova, E. A., Zatsepin, G. T., and Zayarnaya, I. S.

Abstract

シャワー拡散層付エマルションチェンバーによるエネルギー決定法について報告する． この方法は，1995年の日ロ共同気球実験(RUNJOB-program, RUssia-Nippon JOint Balloon-program) で観測されたPeV陽子のエネルギー推定方法を基に開発され，1997年のRUNJOB実験より導入した．シャワー拡散層はカロリメーター層の下部に設置され，カロリメーター層で発達した電磁カスケードシャワーはシャワー拡散層で幾何学的に広がり，電子数密度が減少する．普通，電磁カスケードシャワーによるエネルギー決定の場合，シャワー最大発達点を捉えていないとそのエネルギーは信頼できない．しかし，本論文で報告する方法により，シャワー極大を捉えていない場合でもエネルギー決定が可能となった．約４ｃｍの厚さのシャワー拡散層があれば陽子の場合，６c.u.の鉛厚で数１０TeVまで，９c.u.あれば１００TeV近くまでシャワーエネルギーをσ～０．２以内の精度で決定できる．又，鉄核の場合，６c.u.の鉛厚で１００TeVまでのシャワーエネルギーをやはりσ～０．２以内の精度で決定できる．したがって，これまでシャワー極大を捉えていないためデータとして採用できないような高エネルギーシャワーについてもエネルギー決定が行え，特に高エネルギー領域の統計量を増やす事ができる．本論文では，主にシャワー拡散層付エマルションチェンバー内でのカスケードシャワーシミュレーション方法およびエネルギー決定精度について議論する．また実際にRUNJOB実験データに対して適用した例についても報告する．, We report a new energy determination method using the emulsion calorimeter with diffuser module. The idea of diffuser method is based on the energy estimation for a PeV proton observed by the first RUNJOB(RUssia-Nippon JOint Balloon-program) experiment in 1995 and we have used a new type of emulsion chamber with diffuser module since 1997. The diffuser module was set below calorimeter, and the electromagnetic cascade shower develops in the calorimeter, and spreads geometcally in the diffuser. In general, it is very hard to determine the energy unless we detect the shower maximum, but it might be possible to determine the shower energy with help of the diffuser module. We find the energy resolution is better than σ～0.2 for proton with several tens TeV and for iron with 100TeV if the path length of calorimeter and the diffuser are 6c.u. and 4cm respectively. With the thickness of calorimeter of 9c.u. with 4cm diffuser, we can estimate the energy up to nearly 100TeV for proton with the resolution of better than σ～0.2. In this report, we disscus the energy resolution in the present method based on the simulation calculation of cascade shower in the calorimeter with diffuser module. We show several events observed by RUNJOB experiment in 1997 and alloy the present method for the energy determination., 資料番号: SA0200107000

Published
2003

38. CALET UPPER LIMITS ON X-RAY AND GAMMA-RAY COUNTERPARTS OF GW151226

Author

Adriani, O., primary, Akaike, Y., additional, Asano, K., additional, Asaoka, Y., additional, Bagliesi, M. G., additional, Bigongiari, G., additional, Binns, W. R., additional, Bonechi, S., additional, Bongi, M., additional, Brogi, P., additional, Buckley, J. H., additional, Cannady, N., additional, Castellini, G., additional, Checchia, C., additional, Cherry, M. L., additional, Collazuol, G., additional, Felice, V. Di, additional, Ebisawa, K., additional, Fuke, H., additional, Guzik, T. G., additional, Hams, T., additional, Hareyama, M., additional, Hasebe, N., additional, Hibino, K., additional, Ichimura, M., additional, Ioka, K., additional, Ishizaki, W., additional, Israel, M. H., additional, Javaid, A., additional, Kasahara, K., additional, Kataoka, J., additional, Kataoka, R., additional, Katayose, Y., additional, Kato, C., additional, Kawanaka, N., additional, Kawakubo, Y., additional, Kitamura, H., additional, Krawczynski, H. S., additional, Krizmanic, J. F., additional, Kuramata, S., additional, Lomtadze, T., additional, Maestro, P., additional, Marrocchesi, P. S., additional, Messineo, A. M., additional, Mitchell, J. W., additional, Miyake, S., additional, Mizutani, K., additional, Moiseev, A. A., additional, Mori, K., additional, Mori, M., additional, Mori, N., additional, Motz, H. M., additional, Munakata, K., additional, Murakami, H., additional, Nakagawa, Y. E., additional, Nakahira, S., additional, Nishimura, J., additional, Okuno, S., additional, Ormes, J. F., additional, Ozawa, S., additional, Pacini, L., additional, Palma, F., additional, Papini, P., additional, Penacchioni, A. V., additional, Rauch, B. F., additional, Ricciarini, S., additional, Sakai, K., additional, Sakamoto, T., additional, Sasaki, M., additional, Shimizu, Y., additional, Shiomi, A., additional, Sparvoli, R., additional, Spillantini, P., additional, Stolzi, F., additional, Takahashi, I., additional, Takayanagi, M., additional, Takita, M., additional, Tamura, T., additional, Tateyama, N., additional, Terasawa, T., additional, Tomida, H., additional, Torii, S., additional, Tsunesada, Y., additional, Uchihori, Y., additional, Ueno, S., additional, Vannuccini, E., additional, Wefel, J. P., additional, Yamaoka, K., additional, Yanagita, S., additional, Yoshida, A., additional, Yoshida, K., additional, and Yuda, T., additional

Published
2016
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39. Observation of High Energy Primary Cosmic-rays by Japanese-Russo Joint Balloon Experiment

Author

APANASENKO, A.V., BEREZOVSKAYA, V.A., FUJII, M., FUKUDA, T., HAREYAMA, M., HASHIMOTO, G., ICHIMURA, M., KAMIOKA, E., KOBAYASHI, T., KOPENKIN, V., KURAMATA, S., LAPSHIN, V.I., MANAGADZE, A.K., MATSUTANI, M., MISNIKOVA, N.P., MISU, T., MUKHAMEDSHIN, R.A., NAKAMURA, A., NANJO, H., NIKOLSKY, S.I., OGURA, K., OSHUEV, D.S., PUBLICHENKO, P.A., RAKOBOLSKAYA, I.V., ROGANOVA, T.M., SAZHINA, G.P., SEMBA, H., SHIBATA, T., SHIOTA, T., SUGIMOTO, H., SVESHNIKOVA, L.G., TARAN, V.M., WATANABE, Z., YASHIN, I.V., ZAMCHALOVA, E.A., ZATSEPIN, G.T., and ZAYARNAYA, I.S.

Subjects
1次宇宙線, RUNJOB, エマルションチェンバー
Abstract

広間隙型エマルションチェンバーを搭載した最初の日露共同気球実験(RUNJOB-program : RUssia-Nippon JOint Balloon-program)の結果を報告する。1995年7月に2機の気球がカムチャッカ半島から放球され, 両機ともヴォルガ川の近くで無事回収された。飛翔時間は1号機が130時間, 2号機が168時間であり, 水平浮遊の高度は両機とも約32kmであった。エマルションチェンバーの総面積は0.8m^2,厚さは陽子の衝突平均自由行程にして0.385m.f.p., 鉄核の場合には2.28m.f.p.である。Fuji-#200型X線フィルム上で検出された宇宙線飛跡の総数は381ケであるが, そのうち174ケが大気中で生成されたγ線であり, 解析対象となる宇宙線1次核は207ケであった。観測エネルギー領域は, 陽子の場合には20∿200TeV, ヘリウム核では3∿30TeV/nucleon, 鉄核では0.7∿5TeV/nucleonであった。このなかでPeVのエネルギーをもった陽子が1例検出されたことは注目すべきことである。よく知られている衝撃波加速(第一段加速)ではその寿命の制限から, 高々数10TeVが陽子加速の限界とされている。PeV陽子の存在は数100TeV以上の領域でなんらかの第二段階の加速が起きている可能性, あるいは銀河系外陽子の可能性を示唆している。この論文では, 主に1次宇宙線の各成分についてエネルギースペクトルを報告するが, エネルギー決定法についても議論し, PeV陽子の様相およびそのエネルギー推定の方法についても議論する。さらに全粒子スペクトル, 1次宇宙線の平均質量数についても報告する。, We report experimental results obtained by the wide-gap type emulsion chamber on board the first Japanese-Russo joint balloon, called RUNJOB (RUssia-Nippon JOint Balloon-program). Two balloons were launched subsequently from Kamchatka on July 1995,and the both were recovered successfully near Volga River. The exposure time is 130hrs for the first flight and 168hrs for the second. Altitude of the level flight is both approximately 32km on average, corresponding to 10g/cm^2. Total area of the emulsion chamber is 0.8m^2,and the thickness is 0.385 and 2.28 collision m.f.p.'s in vertical for proton- and iron-primaries, respectively. We detected 381 showers on Fuji-#200-type X-ray film, among which 174 showers originate in atmospheric secondary γ's, and the rest 207 come from nuclear components. The energy range covers 20∿200TeV for proton-primary, 3∿30TeV/nucleon for helium-primary, and 0.7∿5TeV/nucleon for iron-primary. It is remarkable that a very high energy proton with a few PeV is detected in the present experiment. It means no spectral break appears at around 10^eV, in contrast to the maximum energy predicted by the current shock wave acceleration (first stage acceleration). This evidence indicates either some second stage acceleration occurs beyond a few hundreds TeV, or an extragalactic proton is detected directly. We give energy spectra for various elements (proton, helium, ..., iron) as well as a new method for the energy determination using the opening-angle of γ-ray core. We show also the feature of the PeV proton and discuss the estimation of primary energy. All-particle spectrum and the average mass of primary cosmic ray are also presented., 資料番号: SA0167116000

Published
1998

40. High Energy Astro-particle Physics with the CALET Experiment

Author

Adriani, O., Asano, K., Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bongi, M., Buckley, J. H., Castellini, G., Cherry, M. L., Gianmaria Collazuol, Ebisawa, K., Di Felice, V., Fuke, H., Gherardi, A., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hasebe, N., Hareyama, M., Hibino, K., Ichimura, M., Ioka, K., Isbert, J. B., Israel, M. H., Kamioka, E., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kataoka, J., Kataoka, R., Kawanaka, N., Kim, M. Y., Kitamura, H., Komori, Y., Kotani, T., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Kubota, A., Kuramata, S., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marcelli, L., Marrocchesi, P. S., Millucci, V., Mitchell, J. W., Mizutani, K., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, K., Mori, M., Mori, N., Munakata, K., Murakami, H., Nakagawa, Y. E., Nishimura, J., Okuno, S., Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, S., Papini, P., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S., Saito, Y., Sasaki, M., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Takayanagi, M., Takita, M., Tamura, T., Tateyama, N., Terasawa, T., Tomida, H., Torii, S., Tunesada, Y., Uchihori, Y., Ueno, S., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, K., and Yuda, T.

Published
2012

42. The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) for high-energy astroparticle physics on the International Space Station

Author

Adriani, O, primary, Akaike, Y, additional, Asano, K, additional, Asaoka, Y, additional, Bagliesi, M G, additional, Bigongiari, G, additional, Binns, W R, additional, Bonechi, S, additional, Bongi, M, additional, Buckley, J H, additional, Castellini, G, additional, Cherry, M L, additional, Collazuol, G, additional, Ebisawa, K, additional, Felice, V Di, additional, Fuke, H, additional, Guzik, T G, additional, Hams, T, additional, Hareyama, M, additional, Hasebe, N, additional, Hibino, K, additional, Ichimura, M, additional, Ioka, K, additional, Israel, M H, additional, Javaid, A, additional, Kamioka, E, additional, Kasahara, K, additional, Kataoka, J, additional, Kataoka, R, additional, Katayose, Y, additional, Kawanaka, N, additional, Kitamura, H, additional, Kotani, T, additional, Krawczynski, H S, additional, Krizmanic, J F, additional, Kubota, A, additional, Kuramata, S, additional, Lomtadze, T, additional, Maestro, P, additional, Marcelli, L, additional, Marrocchesi, P S, additional, Mitchell, J W, additional, Miyake, S, additional, Mizutani, K, additional, Moiseev, A A, additional, Mori, K, additional, Mori, M, additional, Mori, N, additional, Motz, H M, additional, Munakata, K, additional, Murakami, H, additional, Nakagawa, Y E, additional, Nakahira, S, additional, Nishimura, J, additional, Okuno, S, additional, Ormes, J F, additional, Ozawa, S, additional, Palma, F, additional, Papini, P, additional, Rauch, B F, additional, Ricciarini, S B, additional, Sakamoto, T, additional, Sasaki, M, additional, Shibata, M, additional, Shimizu, Y, additional, Shiomi, A, additional, Sparvoli, R, additional, Spillantini, P, additional, Takahashi, I, additional, Takayanagi, M, additional, Takita, M, additional, Tamura, T, additional, Tateyama, N, additional, Terasawa, T, additional, Tomida, H, additional, Torii, S, additional, Tunesada, Y, additional, Uchihori, Y, additional, Ueno, S, additional, Vannuccini, E, additional, Wefel, J P, additional, Yamaoka, K, additional, Yanagita, S, additional, Yoshida, A, additional, Yoshida, K, additional, and Yuda, T, additional

Published
2015
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48. LUNAR GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATION BY KAGUYA GRS

Author

HASEBE, N., primary, YAMASHITA, N., additional, KAROUJI, Y., additional, KOBAYASHI, S., additional, HAREYAMA, M., additional, KOMATSU, S., additional, HAYATSU, K., additional, NEMOTO, K., additional, IWABUCHI, K., additional, TAKEDA, Y., additional, NAGAOKA, H., additional, TSUKADA, K., additional, MACHIDA, J., additional, OKUDAIRA, O., additional, SAKURAI, S., additional, SHIBAMURA, E., additional, KOBAYASHI, M.-N., additional, EBIHARA, M., additional, HIHARA, T., additional, ARAI, T., additional, SUGIHARA, T., additional, TAKEDA, H., additional, d'USTON, C., additional, GASNAULT, O., additional, DIEZ, B., additional, FORNI, O., additional, MAURICE, S., additional, REEDY, R. C., additional, and KIM, K. J., additional

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