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Purpose: The health belief model (HBM) is the behavioral change theory most widely used in health behavior studies. Several studies have identified the limitations of this model, one of which concerns the validity in predicting behavioral changes. The purpose of this paper, scoping review, is to map the validity of HBM variables in predicting behavioral changes based on available synthesized evidences. Design/methodology/approach: A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley's framework. PubMed, Health Evidence, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar were searched using a combination of keywords: health belief model, review, systematic review and meta-analysis between February 15 and March 18, 2016. Findings: Of the 1,457 articles, 4 met the inclusion criteria. All results showed that HBM variables were consistently related to behaviors and the strength of the correlation were varied. Perceived barriers and perceived benefits were the strongest predictor, while perceived severity was the weakest. The association between HBM variables and behaviors was moderated by some aspects of behavioral outcomes, the study design and the time interval between measurement of the HBM variables and behavior. Originality/value: Although the four main variables of HBM have been shown to be related to behavior, the overall outcomes are varied and have not demonstrated conclusive evidence during the last ten years. The results of this scoping review imply the need for a systematic review and meta-analysis of the results of recent studies. In addition, more longitudinal studies are needed to ensure the validity of HBM variables by considering any possible moderators.

Since the emergence of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, China, the world has undergone drastic changes. The Delta variant has high transmissibility and evades human cellular defenses. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) recorded over 31.654 million cases and 4 million COVID-19 deaths as of December 2022. Hospitals have faced challenges in patient management and healthcare worker protection. This study discusses the relationship between nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding the use of personal protective equipment in Indonesian COVID-19 referral hospitals. This study utilized a quantitative analytical observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The research was conducted in four COVID-19 referral hospitals in the Yogyakarta Special Region in Indonesia. This study shows that there is no significant relationship between attitudes and behaviors in the use of PPE; however, a positive correlation exists. Most nurses in COVID-19 isolation wards demonstrate good knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward the use of PPE. There is a positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes, as well as nurses' behaviors in using PPE. • Enhancing PPE Compliance: This study suggests that improving knowledge and attitudes among healthcare workers can enhance compliance with proper PPE usage. • Future Research Directions: Future research could explore additional factors influencing PPE compliance and identify specific interventions to promote safe practices during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. • Room for Improvement: Despite generally positive findings, some nurses still exhibit inadequate knowledge and negative attitudes toward PPE usage, indicating the need for ongoing education and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The incidence of fracture and surgery of the hip and lower extremities is still high. Long postoperative bed rest can potentially increase the incidence of various complications that may increase patients' morbidity and mortality rate after hip and lower extremities surgery. This literature review aimed to identify the effects of early mobilization on hip and lower extremity postoperative. Methods: Search for articles on several databases such as ProQuest, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Medline, Wiley Online, and Scopus, using the Boolean operator tools with "AND" and "OR" words by combining several keywords according to the literature review topic, with inclusion criteria of those published in the last three years (2019–2021), using a quantitative design, written in English and full-text articles. A total of 435 articles were obtained, screened, and reviewed so that there were 16 (sixteen) eligible articles. Results: There were 11 (eleven) effects of early mobilization, that is, shorter the length of stay, lower postoperative complication, lower the pain, increase walking ability, increase quality of life, decrease the rate of readmission, decrease mortality rate, lower the total hospitalization cost, higher number of physical therapy sessions prior to discharge, increase in satisfaction, and no fracture displacement or implant failure. Conclusion: This literature review showed that early mobilization is safe and effective in postoperative patients to reduce the risk of complications and adverse events. Nurses and health workers who care for patients can implement early mobilization and motivate patients to cooperate in undergoing early mobilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Teens are very vulnerable to premarital sexual behavior. The impact includes unwanted teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Prevention efforts need to be done effectively and one important way is through school nurse programs. Objective: This study aimed to identify the effects of school nurse programs on prevention premarital sexual behavior. Method: This research was a quantitative, quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control group design. This research was conducted in two schools from January to February 2017. Schools were determined based on preliminary studies with predetermined criteria. Determination of School A as the intervention group and School B for the control group used a simple random sampling method. The purposive sampling method was used to select 68 students for the intervention group and 66 students for the control group. The data were analyzed by paired t-tests. Ethical approval was given with permit number Ref: KE/FK950/EC/2015. Results: After the school nurse program, the values of healthy dating behavior, behavior of saying no to premarital sex and behavioral decision-making ability in the intervention group were higher than in the control group: 0.200±0.42 vs. -0.203±0.20, p = 0.000; 0.193±0.40 vs. 0.032±0.43, p = 0.029; and 0.032±0.18 vs. -0.251±0.23, p = 0.000 which were significantly difference (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, there was also an increase in the value of self-efficacy in adolescents in both the intervention and the control groups: 0.017±0.22 vs. 0.053±0.19, p = 0.315, but the differences in the two groups were not significant. Conclusion: School nurse programs can effectively reduce premarital sexual behavior, especially by increasing healthy dating behaviors, the behavior of saying no to premarital sex and behavioral decisionmaking abilities in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescent pregnancy is a global concern. Pregnancies and births in adolescents bring them to get pregnancy complications. The interventions for pregnancy prevention in schools is one of the options that can be done. The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of school health nursing through the personal and social skills training for the primary prevention of adolescent pregnancy. This study is a quasi-experimental research design with nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control group design. The outcome of the study was individual behavior change that includes confidence, a healthy dating, attitude in decision making, attitude on say no to premarital sex, and overcome the pressure of the group. This study will take place in high school A and B in Yogyakarta that was selected based on purposive sampling. The study will be held from January to September 2016. At the intervention group, before the intervention, school nurses must first undergo a personal and social skills training. In addition, the school nurses are also trained to be a facilitator for adolescents. The school nurses will then retrain personal and social skills for adolescents in schools through the intervention of school health nursing for six months, while the control group will be given routine reproductive health education. If the school health nursing is effective, it will prevent adolescent pregnancy. This model can then be used widely in schools as an intervention for the prevention of adolescent pregnancy and the improvement of the quality of teenagers' life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]