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423 results on '"Happel, T"'

1. Reduced model for H-mode sustainment in unfavorable $\mathbf{ \nabla B}$ drift configuration in ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Grover, O., Eich, T., Manz, P., Zholobenko, W., Happel, T., Body, T., Plank, U., Ulbl, P., and team, ASDEX Upgrade
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: A recently developed reduced model of H-mode sustainment based on interchange-drift-Alfv\'en turbulence description in the vicinity of the separatrix matching experimental observations in ASDEX Upgrade has been extended to experiments with the unfavorable $\nabla B$ drift. The combination with the theory of the magnetic-shear-induced Reynolds stress offers a possibility to quantitatively explain the phenomena. The extension of the Reynolds stress estimate in the reduced model via the magnetic shear contribution is able to reproduce the strong asymmetry in the access conditions depending on the ion $\nabla B$ drift orientation in agreement with experimental observations. The Reynolds stress profile asymmetry predicted by the magnetic shear model is further extended by comparison with GRILLIX and GENE-X simulations matched with comparable experiments in realistic X-point geometry. The predictions of the radial electric field well depth and its difference between the favorable and unfavorable configurations at the same heating power from the extended model also show consistency with experimental measurements., Comment: Submitted to Nuclear Fusion
Published: 2023

2. I-mode pedestal relaxation events in the Alcator C-Mod and ASDEX Upgrade tokamaks

Author: Silvagni, D., Terry, J. L., McCarthy, W., Hubbard, A. E., Eich, T., Faitsch, M., Gil, L., Golfinopoulos, T., Grenfell, G., Griener, M., Happel, T., Hughes, J. W., Stroth, U., Viezzer, E., team, the ASDEX Upgrade, and team, the EUROfusion MST1
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: In some conditions, I-mode plasmas can feature pedestal relaxation events (PREs) that transiently enhance the energy reaching the divertor target plates. To shed light into their appearance, characteristics and energy reaching the divertor targets, a comparative study between two tokamaks $-$ Alcator C-Mod and ASDEX Upgrade $-$ is carried out. It is found that PREs appear only in a subset of I-mode discharges, mainly when the plasma is close to the H-mode transition. Also, the nature of the triggering instability is discussed by comparing measurements close to the separatrix in both devices. The PRE relative energy loss from the confined region increases with decreasing pedestal top collisionality $\nu_{\mathrm{ped}}^*$. In addition, the relative electron temperature drop at the pedestal top, which is related to the conductive energy loss, rises with decreasing $\nu_{\mathrm{ped}}^*$. Finally, the peak parallel energy fluence due to the PRE measured on the divertor in both devices is compared to the model introduced in [1] for type-I ELMs. The model is shown to provide an upper boundary for PRE energy fluence data, while a lower boundary is found by dividing the model by three. These two boundaries are used to make projections to future devices such as DEMO and ARC.
Published: 2021
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3. I-mode pedestal relaxation events at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Silvagni, D., Eich, T., Happel, T., Harrer, G. F., Griener, M., Dunne, M., Cavedon, M., Faitsch, M., Gil, L., Nille, D., Tal, B., Fischer, R., Stroth, U., Brida, D., David, P., Manz, P., Viezzer, E., team, the ASDEX Upgrade, and team, the EUROfusion MST1
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: The I-mode confinement regime can feature small edge temperature drops that can lead to an increase in the energy deposited onto the divertor targets. In this work, we show that these events are associated with a relaxation of both electron temperature and density edge profiles, with the largest drop found at the pedestal top position. Stability analysis of edge profiles reveals that the operational points are far from the ideal peeling-ballooning boundary. Also, we show that these events appear close to the H-mode transition in the typical I-mode operational space in ASDEX Upgrade, and that no further enhancement of energy confinement is found when they occur. Moreover, scrape-off layer transport during these events is found to be very similar to type-I ELMs, with regard to timescales ($\approx$ 800 $\mu$s), filament propagation, toroidally asymmetric energy effluxes at the midplane and asymmetry between inner and outer divertor deposited energy. In particular, the latter reveals that more energy reaches the outer divertor target. Lastly, first measurements of the divertor peak energy fluence are reported, and projections to ARC - a reactor designed to operate in I-mode - are drawn.
Published: 2020
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4. First measurements of a scintillator-based fast-ion loss detector in reversed Ip/Bt at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Hidalgo-Salaverri, J., Rueda-Rueda, J., Galdon-Quiroga, J., Cano-Megias, P., Viezzer, E., Garcia-Dominguez, J., Silvagni, D., Videla-Trevin, M., Oyola, P., Ayllon-Guerola, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., and Happel, T.
Published: 2023
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5. The radial localization of the transition from low to high confinement mode in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Cavedon, M, Happel, T, Hennequin, P, Dux, R, Hofler, K, Plank, U, Putterich, T, Stroth, U, Viezzer, E, Wolfrum, E, Cavedon M., Happel T., Hennequin P., Dux R., Hofler K., Plank U., Putterich T., Stroth U., Viezzer E., Wolfrum E., Cavedon, M, Happel, T, Hennequin, P, Dux, R, Hofler, K, Plank, U, Putterich, T, Stroth, U, Viezzer, E, Wolfrum, E, Cavedon M., Happel T., Hennequin P., Dux R., Hofler K., Plank U., Putterich T., Stroth U., Viezzer E., and Wolfrum E.
Abstract: A novel experimental method is applied to localize the initial suppression of turbulence, in the form of density fluctuations, at the transition from the low (L-) to the high (H-) confinement mode in toroidal magnetic fusion plasmas. The high radial and temporal resolution, combined with the unprecedented statistical significance, provided the awaited information on a possible dominant E × B shear layer in L-H transition physics. We show, for the first time, that the H-mode turbulence suppression is initiated at the inner E × B shear layer in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak possibly shedding light on the causality behind the L-H transition process.
Published: 2024

6. A feasibility study for a Doppler reflectometer system in the JT-60SA tokamak

Author: Carralero, D., Happel, T., Estrada, T., Tokuzawa, T., Martínez, J., de la Luna, E., Cappa, A., and García, J.
Published: 2021
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7. The radial localization of the transition from low to high confinement mode in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Cavedon, M., Happel, T., Hennequin, P., Dux, R., Höfler, K., Plank, U., Pütterich, T., Stroth, U., Viezzer, Eleonora, Wolfrum, E., Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Cavedon, M., Happel, T., Hennequin, P., Dux, R., Höfler, K., Plank, U., Pütterich, T., Stroth, U., Viezzer, Eleonora, and Wolfrum, E.
Abstract: A novel experimental method is applied to localize the initial suppression of turbulence, in the form of density fluctuations, at the transition from the low (L-) to the high (H-) confinement mode in toroidal magnetic fusion plasmas. The high radial and temporal resolution, combined with the unprecedented statistical significance, provided the awaited information on a possible dominant E × B shear layer in L-H transition physics. We show, for the first time, that the H-mode turbulence suppression is initiated at the inner E × B shear layer in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak possibly shedding light on the causality behind the L-H transition process.
Published: 2024

8. Gyrokinetic studies of core turbulence features in ASDEX Upgrade H-mode plasmas

Author: Navarro, A. Banon, Happel, T., Goerler, T., Jenko, F., Abiteboul, J., Bustos, A., Doerk, H., Told, D., and Team, The ASDEX Upgrade
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: Gyrokinetic validation studies are crucial in developing confidence in the model incorporated in numerical simulations and thus improving their predictive capabilities. As one step in this direction, we simulate an ASDEX Upgrade discharge with the GENE code, and analyze various fluctuating quantities and compare them to experimental measurements. The approach taken is the following. First, linear simulations are performed in order to determine the turbulence regime. Second, the heat fluxes in nonlinear simulations are matched to experimental fluxes by varying the logarithmic ion temperature gradient within the expected experimental error bars. Finally, the dependence of various quantities with respect to the ion temperature gradient is analyzed in detail. It is found that density and temperature fluctuations can vary significantly with small changes in this parameter, thus making comparisons with experiments very sensitive to uncertainties in the experimental profiles. However, cross-phases are more robust, indicating that they are better observables for comparisons between gyrokinetic simulations and experimental measurements.
Published: 2015

9. From L-mode to the L–H transition, experiments on ASDEX upgrade and related gyrokinetic simulations.

Author: Bonanomi, N., Angioni, C., Conway, G. D., Happel, T., Plank, U., Schneider, P. A., and Staebler, G. M.
Abstract: This work combines experimental observations from the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak with related gyrokinetic simulations of the turbulence moving from L-mode toward, and beyond, the L–H transition. Dedicated experiments have been performed with slow steps of increasing electron cyclotron heating power. Gyrokinetic simulations of the edge turbulence of these plasmas highlight the key roles of the non-linear electromagnetic effects and the external flow shear (E × B shear), both related to the evolution of the plasma pressure profile with increasing heating power. The increase in the plasma βe destabilizes turbulence at low toroidal mode numbers, that, in turn, is strongly suppressed by the external flow shear. This allows the plasma pressure profiles to evolve without a sharp rise in the turbulent fluxes. When all the experimentally measured plasma parameters are consistently included as inputs of the local gyrokinetic simulations, both the experimental electron and ion heat fluxes are quantitatively reproduced on the whole L-mode phase of the selected discharge. Simulations carried out with edge parameters of an ELM-free H-mode phase still show the importance of the mechanisms discussed earlier while also indicating possible limitations of the local approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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10. Applications of Large Eddy Simulation methods to gyrokinetic turbulence

Author: Navarro, A. Bañón, Teaca, B., Jenko, F., Hammett, G. W., Happel, T., and Team, the ASDEX Upgrade
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: The Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach - solving numerically the large scales of a turbulent system and accounting for the small-scale influence through a model - is applied to nonlinear gyrokinetic systems that are driven by a number of different microinstabilities. Comparisons between modeled, lower resolution, and higher resolution simulations are performed for an experimental measurable quantity, the electron density fluctuation spectrum. Moreover, the validation and applicability of LES is demonstrated through a series of diagnostics based on the free energetics of the system., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2013
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11. Experimental study of the edge radial electric field in different drift configurations and its role in the access to H-mode at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Plank, U, Brida, D, Conway, G, Happel, T, Hubbard, A, Putterich, T, Angioni, C, Cavedon, M, Dux, R, Eich, T, Fischer, R, Hennequin, P, Plank U., Brida D., Conway G. D., Happel T., Hubbard A. E., Putterich T., Angioni C., Cavedon M., Dux R., Eich T., Fischer R., Hennequin P., Plank, U, Brida, D, Conway, G, Happel, T, Hubbard, A, Putterich, T, Angioni, C, Cavedon, M, Dux, R, Eich, T, Fischer, R, Hennequin, P, Plank U., Brida D., Conway G. D., Happel T., Hubbard A. E., Putterich T., Angioni C., Cavedon M., Dux R., Eich T., Fischer R., and Hennequin P.
Abstract: The formation of the equilibrium radial electric field (Er) has been studied experimentally at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) in L-modes of "favorable"(ion ∇ B-drift toward primary X-point) and "unfavorable"(ion ∇ B-drift away from primary X-point) drift configurations, in view of its impact on H-mode access, which changes with drift configurations. Edge electron and ion kinetic profiles and impurity velocity and mean-field Er profiles across the separatrix are investigated, employing new and improved measurement techniques. The experimental results are compared to local neoclassical theory as well as to a simple 1D scrape-off layer (SOL) model. It is found that in L-modes of matched heating power and plasma density, the upstream SOL Er and the main ion pressure gradient in the plasma edge are the same for either drift configurations, whereas the Er well in the confined plasma is shallower in unfavorable compared to the favorable drift configuration. The contributions of toroidal and poloidal main ion flows to Er, which are inferred from local neoclassical theory and the experiment, cannot account for these observed differences. Furthermore, it is found that in the L-mode, the intrinsic toroidal edge rotation decreases with increasing collisionality and it is co-current in the banana-plateau regime for all different drift configurations at AUG. This gives rise to a possible interaction of parallel Pfirsch-Schlüter flows in the SOL with the confined plasma. Thus, the different H-mode power threshold for the two drift configurations cannot be explained in the same way at AUG as suggested by LaBombard et al. [Phys. Plasmas 12, 056111 (2005)] for Alcator C-Mod. Finally, comparisons of Er profiles in favorable and unfavorable drift configurations at the respective confinement transitions show that also the Er gradients are all different, which indirectly indicates a different type or strength of the characteristic edge turbulence in the two drift configurations.
Published: 2023

12. Turbulence characterization during the suppression of edge-localized modes by magnetic perturbations on ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Leuthold, N, Suttrop, W, Willensdorfer, M, Birkenmeier, G, Brida, D, Cavedon, M, Dunne, M, Conway, G, Fischer, R, Gil, L, Happel, T, Hennequin, P, Kappatou, A, Kirk, A, Manz, P, Mcdermott, R, Vicente, J, Zohm, H, Leuthold N., Suttrop W., Willensdorfer M., Birkenmeier G., Brida D., Cavedon M., Dunne M., Conway G., Fischer R., Gil L., Happel T., Hennequin P., Kappatou A., Kirk A., Manz P., McDermott R., Vicente J., Zohm H., Leuthold, N, Suttrop, W, Willensdorfer, M, Birkenmeier, G, Brida, D, Cavedon, M, Dunne, M, Conway, G, Fischer, R, Gil, L, Happel, T, Hennequin, P, Kappatou, A, Kirk, A, Manz, P, Mcdermott, R, Vicente, J, Zohm, H, Leuthold N., Suttrop W., Willensdorfer M., Birkenmeier G., Brida D., Cavedon M., Dunne M., Conway G., Fischer R., Gil L., Happel T., Hennequin P., Kappatou A., Kirk A., Manz P., McDermott R., Vicente J., and Zohm H.
Abstract: We study localized edge turbulence in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak that appears if resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP) are applied to suppress edge localized modes (ELMs) in the high confinement mode. The concomitant density fluctuations are detected by microwave reflectometry at the outboard midplane. Two modes can be distinguished, (a) a broadband fluctuation below a threshold of the RMP field amplitude, and (b) a narrow-band quasi-coherent mode (QCM) above the threshold. The broadband fluctuation is toroidally spread out but disappears at the toroidal position of maximum E × B shear in the gradient region. Temporal and spatial correlation along field lines of the midplane density fluctuation and the divertor particle flux suggests that this mode is producing significant particle transport across the gradient region and into the divertor, hence contributing to the plasma density reduction that is often observed when applying RMP fields (the so-called ‘pump-out’ effect). The QCM is also toroidally localized, its radial extent grows with increasing RMP field amplitude, and leads to further increased divertor particle flux compared to the broadband mode. Our observations suggest that both modes not only play an important role in keeping the plasma density stationary in the absence of ELMs but also to reduce the plasma pressure such that the plasma edge becomes stable against ELMs.
Published: 2023

13. Spatiotemporal and Wavenumber Resolved Bicoherence at the Low to High Confinement Transition in the TJ-II Stellarator

Author: van Milligen, B. Ph., Estrada, T., Hidalgo, C., Happel, T., and Ascasíbar, E.
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: Plasma turbulence is studied using Doppler reflectometry at the TJ-II stellarator. By scanning the tilt angle of the probing beam, different values of the perpendicular wave numbers are probed at the reflection layer. In this way, the interaction between zonal flows and turbulence is reported with (a) spatial, (b) temporal, and (c) wavenumber resolution for the first time in any magnetic confinement fusion device. We report measurements of the bicoherence across the Low to High (L--H) confinement transition at TJ-II. We examine both fast transitions and slow transitions characterized by an intermediate (I) phase. The bicoherence, understood to reflect the non-linear coupling between the perpendicular velocity (zonal flow) and turbulence amplitude, is significantly enhanced in a time window of several tens of ms around the time of the L--H transition. It is found to peak at a specific radial position (slightly inward from the radial electric field shear layer in H mode), and is associated with a specific perpendicular wave number ($k_\perp \simeq 6-12$ cm$^{-1}$, $k_\perp \rho_s \simeq 0.8-2$). In all cases, the bicoherence is due to the interaction between high frequencies ($\simeq 1$ MHz) and a rather low frequency ($\lesssim 50$ kHz), as expected for a zonal flow., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2012
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14. TORBEAM 2.0, a paraxial beam tracing code for electron-cyclotron beams in fusion plasmas for extended physics applications

Author: Poli, E., Bock, A., Lochbrunner, M., Maj, O., Reich, M., Snicker, A., Stegmeir, A., Volpe, F., Bertelli, N., Bilato, R., Conway, G.D., Farina, D., Felici, F., Figini, L., Fischer, R., Galperti, C., Happel, T., Lin-Liu, Y.R., Marushchenko, N.B., Mszanowski, U., Poli, F.M., Stober, J., Westerhof, E., Zille, R., Peeters, A.G., and Pereverzev, G.V.
Published: 2018
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15. Spatial, temporal and spectral structure of the turbulence–flow interaction at the L–H transition

Author: Estrada, T, Ascasíbar, E, Blanco, E, Cappa, A, Diamond, PH, Happel, T, Hidalgo, C, Liniers, M, van Milligen, B Ph, Pastor, I, Tafalla, D, and Team, the TJ-II
Subjects: Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Fluids & Plasmas
Abstract: The physical mechanisms behind the L-H transition have been experimentally studied in the TJ-II plasmas. The spatial, temporal and spectral structure of the interaction between turbulence and flows has been studied close to the L-H transition threshold conditions. The temporal dynamics of the turbulence-flow interaction displays a predator-prey relationship and both, radial outward and inward propagation velocities of the turbulence-flow front have been measured. Moreover, the turbulence scales involved in the energy transfer of the predator-prey process have been identified. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Published: 2012

16. Spatiotemporal Structure of the Interaction between Turbulence and Flows at the L-H Transition in a Toroidal Plasma

Author: Estrada, T, Hidalgo, C, Happel, T, and Diamond, PH
Subjects: Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract: The spatiotemporal behavior of the interaction between turbulence and flows has been studied close to the L-H transition threshold conditions in the edge region (ρ≥0.7) of TJ-II plasmas. The temporal dynamics of the interaction displays an oscillatory behavior with a characteristic predator-prey relationship. The spatial evolution of this turbulence-flow oscillation pattern has been measured, showing both radial outward and inward propagation velocities of the turbulence-flow front. The results indicate that the edge shear flow linked to the L-H transition can behave either as a slowing-down, damping mechanism of outward propagating turbulent-flow oscillating structures, or as a source of inward propagating turbulence-flow events.
Published: 2011

17. Experimental Investigations of the H-mode Access in Mixed Hydrogen-Deuterium Plasmas at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Plank, U, Putterich, T, Angioni, C, Conway, G, Dux, R, Happel, T, Bonanomi, N, Cavedon, M, Gil, L, Mcdermott, R, Schneider, P, Plank U., Putterich T., Angioni C., Conway G. D., Dux R., Happel T., Bonanomi N., Cavedon M., Gil L., McDermott R. M., Schneider P. A., Plank, U, Putterich, T, Angioni, C, Conway, G, Dux, R, Happel, T, Bonanomi, N, Cavedon, M, Gil, L, Mcdermott, R, Schneider, P, Plank U., Putterich T., Angioni C., Conway G. D., Dux R., Happel T., Bonanomi N., Cavedon M., Gil L., McDermott R. M., and Schneider P. A.
Published: 2022

18. From L-mode to the L-H transition, experiments on ASDEX Upgrade, gyrokinetic simulations and full-radius transport modeling

Author: Bonanomi, N, Angioni, C, Luda, T, Happel, T, Connway, G, Plank, U, Staebler, G, Mantica, P, Casiraghi, I, Bonanomi Nicola, Angioni Clemente, Luda Teobaldo, Happel T, Connway G, Plank U, Staebler Gary, Mantica Paola, Casiraghi Irene, Bonanomi, N, Angioni, C, Luda, T, Happel, T, Connway, G, Plank, U, Staebler, G, Mantica, P, Casiraghi, I, Bonanomi Nicola, Angioni Clemente, Luda Teobaldo, Happel T, Connway G, Plank U, Staebler Gary, Mantica Paola, and Casiraghi Irene
Published: 2022

19. Overview of the TCV tokamak experimental programme

Author: Reimerdes, H, Agostini, M, Alessi, E, Alberti, S, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Balbin, J, Bagnato, F, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Brida, D, Brunner, S, Bogar, C, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brunetti, D, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carli, S, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Causa, F, Cavalier, J, Cavedon, M, Cazabonne, J, Cerovsky, J, Chandra, R, Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi, A, Chellai, O, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Ciraolo, G, Classen, I, Coda, S, Colandrea, C, Dal Molin, A, David, P, De Baar, M, Decker, J, Dekeyser, W, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Eriksson, F, Faitsch, M, Falchetto, G, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Fransson, E, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Giacomin, M, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Golfinopoulos, T, Goodman, T, Gorno, S, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Griener, M, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Haelterman, R, Hakola, A, Han, W, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Henderson, S, Hogeweij, G, Hogge, J, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Iantchenko, A, Innocente, P, Insulander Bjork, K, Ionita-Schrittweiser, C, Isliker, H, Jardin, A, Jaspers, R, Karimov, R, Karpushov, A, Kazakov, Y, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krutkin, O, Kudlacek, O, Kumar, U, Kwiatkowski, R, Labit, B, Laguardia, L, Lammers, J, Laribi, E, Laszynska, E, Lazaros, A, Linder, O, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Loizu, J, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Marandet, Y, Maraschek, M, Marceca, G, Marchetto, C, Marchioni, S, Marmar, E, Martin, Y, Martinelli, L, Matos, F, Maurizio, R, Mayoral, M, Mazon, D, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Merlo, G, Meyer, H, Mikszuta-Michalik, K, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Moulton, D, Muhammed, H, Myatra, O, Mykytchuk, D, Napoli, F, Nem, R, Nielsen, A, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Olsen, J, Orsitto, F, Pan, O, Papp, G, Pau, A, Perek, A, Pesamosca, F, Peysson, Y, Pigatto, L, Piron, C, Poradzinski, M, Porte, L, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Raj, H, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ravensbergen, T, Ricci, D, Ricci, P, Rispoli, N, Riva, F, Rivero-Rodriguez, J, Salewski, M, Sauter, O, Schmidt, B, Schrittweiser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheikh, U, Sieglin, B, Silva, M, Smolders, A, Snicker, A, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stagni, A, Stipani, L, Sun, G, Tala, T, Tamain, P, Tanaka, K, Tema Biwole, A, Terranova, D, Terry, J, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Thrysoe, A, Torreblanca, H, Tsui, C, Vaccaro, D, Vallar, M, Van Berkel, M, Van Eester, D, Van Kampen, R, Van Mulders, S, Verhaegh, K, Verhaeghe, T, Vianello, N, Villone, F, Viezzer, E, Vincent, B, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weisen, H, Wendler, N, Wensing, M, Widmer, F, Wiesen, S, Wischmeier, M, Wijkamp, T, Wunderlich, D, Wuthrich, C, Yanovskiy, V, Zebrowski, J, Reimerdes H., Agostini M., Alessi E., Alberti S., Andrebe Y., Arnichand H., Balbin J., Bagnato F., Baquero-Ruiz M., Bernert M., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T. C., Boedo J. A., Brida D., Brunner S., Bogar C., Bogar O., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brunetti D., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Carli S., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Causa F., Cavalier J., Cavedon M., Cazabonne J. A., Cerovsky J., Chandra R., Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi A., Chellai O., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Ciraolo G., Classen I. G. J., Coda S., Colandrea C., Dal Molin A., David P., De Baar M. R., Decker J., Dekeyser W., De Oliveira H., Douai D., Dreval M., Dunne M. G., Duval B. P., Elmore S., Embreus O., Eriksson F., Faitsch M., Falchetto G., Farnik M., Fasoli A., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Fil A., Fontana M., Fransson E., Frassinetti L., Furno I., Gahle D. S., Galassi D., Galazka K., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia-Munoz M., Geiger B., Giacomin M., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Golfinopoulos T., Goodman T., Gorno S., Granucci G., Graves J. P., Griener M., Gruca M., Gyergyek T., Haelterman R., Hakola A., Han W., Happel T., Harrer G., Harrison J. R., Henderson S., Hogeweij G. M. D., Hogge J. -P., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Huang Z., Iantchenko A., Innocente P., Insulander Bjork K., Ionita-Schrittweiser C., Isliker H., Jardin A., Jaspers R. J. E., Karimov R., Karpushov A. N., Kazakov Y., Komm M., Kong M., Kovacic J., Krutkin O., Kudlacek O., Kumar U., Kwiatkowski R., Labit B., Laguardia L., Lammers J. T., Laribi E., Laszynska E., Lazaros A., Linder O., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Llobet X., Loizu J., Lunt T., Macusova E., Marandet Y., Maraschek M., Marceca G., Marchetto C., Marchioni S., Marmar E. S., Martin Y., Martinelli L., Matos F., Maurizio R., Mayoral M. -L., Mazon D., Menkovski V., Merle A., Merlo G., Meyer H., Mikszuta-Michalik K., Molina Cabrera P. A., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Moulton D., Muhammed H., Myatra O., Mykytchuk D., Napoli F., Nem R. D., Nielsen A. H., Nocente M., Nowak S., Offeddu N., Olsen J., Orsitto F. P., Pan O., Papp G., Pau A., Perek A., Pesamosca F., Peysson Y., Pigatto L., Piron C., Poradzinski M., Porte L., Putterich T., Rabinski M., Raj H., Rasmussen J. J., Ratta G. A., Ravensbergen T., Ricci D., Ricci P., Rispoli N., Riva F., Rivero-Rodriguez J. F., Salewski M., Sauter O., Schmidt B. S., Schrittweiser R., Sharapov S., Sheikh U. A., Sieglin B., Silva M., Smolders A., Snicker A., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stagni A., Stipani L., Sun G., Tala T., Tamain P., Tanaka K., Tema Biwole A., Terranova D., Terry J. L., Testa D., Theiler C., Thornton A., Thrysoe A., Torreblanca H., Tsui C. K., Vaccaro D., Vallar M., Van Berkel M., Van Eester D., Van Kampen R. J. R., Van Mulders S., Verhaegh K., Verhaeghe T., Vianello N., Villone F., Viezzer E., Vincent B., Voitsekhovitch I., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weisen H., Wendler N., Wensing M., Widmer F., Wiesen S., Wischmeier M., Wijkamp T. A., Wunderlich D., Wuthrich C., Yanovskiy V., Zebrowski J., Reimerdes, H, Agostini, M, Alessi, E, Alberti, S, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Balbin, J, Bagnato, F, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Brida, D, Brunner, S, Bogar, C, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brunetti, D, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carli, S, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Causa, F, Cavalier, J, Cavedon, M, Cazabonne, J, Cerovsky, J, Chandra, R, Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi, A, Chellai, O, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Ciraolo, G, Classen, I, Coda, S, Colandrea, C, Dal Molin, A, David, P, De Baar, M, Decker, J, Dekeyser, W, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Eriksson, F, Faitsch, M, Falchetto, G, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Fransson, E, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia-Munoz, M, Geiger, B, Giacomin, M, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Golfinopoulos, T, Goodman, T, Gorno, S, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Griener, M, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Haelterman, R, Hakola, A, Han, W, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Henderson, S, Hogeweij, G, Hogge, J, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Iantchenko, A, Innocente, P, Insulander Bjork, K, Ionita-Schrittweiser, C, Isliker, H, Jardin, A, Jaspers, R, Karimov, R, Karpushov, A, Kazakov, Y, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krutkin, O, Kudlacek, O, Kumar, U, Kwiatkowski, R, Labit, B, Laguardia, L, Lammers, J, Laribi, E, Laszynska, E, Lazaros, A, Linder, O, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Loizu, J, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Marandet, Y, Maraschek, M, Marceca, G, Marchetto, C, Marchioni, S, Marmar, E, Martin, Y, Martinelli, L, Matos, F, Maurizio, R, Mayoral, M, Mazon, D, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Merlo, G, Meyer, H, Mikszuta-Michalik, K, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Moulton, D, Muhammed, H, Myatra, O, Mykytchuk, D, Napoli, F, Nem, R, Nielsen, A, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Olsen, J, Orsitto, F, Pan, O, Papp, G, Pau, A, Perek, A, Pesamosca, F, Peysson, Y, Pigatto, L, Piron, C, Poradzinski, M, Porte, L, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Raj, H, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ravensbergen, T, Ricci, D, Ricci, P, Rispoli, N, Riva, F, Rivero-Rodriguez, J, Salewski, M, Sauter, O, Schmidt, B, Schrittweiser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheikh, U, Sieglin, B, Silva, M, Smolders, A, Snicker, A, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stagni, A, Stipani, L, Sun, G, Tala, T, Tamain, P, Tanaka, K, Tema Biwole, A, Terranova, D, Terry, J, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Thrysoe, A, Torreblanca, H, Tsui, C, Vaccaro, D, Vallar, M, Van Berkel, M, Van Eester, D, Van Kampen, R, Van Mulders, S, Verhaegh, K, Verhaeghe, T, Vianello, N, Villone, F, Viezzer, E, Vincent, B, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weisen, H, Wendler, N, Wensing, M, Widmer, F, Wiesen, S, Wischmeier, M, Wijkamp, T, Wunderlich, D, Wuthrich, C, Yanovskiy, V, Zebrowski, J, Reimerdes H., Agostini M., Alessi E., Alberti S., Andrebe Y., Arnichand H., Balbin J., Bagnato F., Baquero-Ruiz M., Bernert M., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T. C., Boedo J. A., Brida D., Brunner S., Bogar C., Bogar O., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brunetti D., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Carli S., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Causa F., Cavalier J., Cavedon M., Cazabonne J. A., Cerovsky J., Chandra R., Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi A., Chellai O., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Ciraolo G., Classen I. G. J., Coda S., Colandrea C., Dal Molin A., David P., De Baar M. R., Decker J., Dekeyser W., De Oliveira H., Douai D., Dreval M., Dunne M. G., Duval B. P., Elmore S., Embreus O., Eriksson F., Faitsch M., Falchetto G., Farnik M., Fasoli A., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Fil A., Fontana M., Fransson E., Frassinetti L., Furno I., Gahle D. S., Galassi D., Galazka K., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia-Munoz M., Geiger B., Giacomin M., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Golfinopoulos T., Goodman T., Gorno S., Granucci G., Graves J. P., Griener M., Gruca M., Gyergyek T., Haelterman R., Hakola A., Han W., Happel T., Harrer G., Harrison J. R., Henderson S., Hogeweij G. M. D., Hogge J. -P., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Huang Z., Iantchenko A., Innocente P., Insulander Bjork K., Ionita-Schrittweiser C., Isliker H., Jardin A., Jaspers R. J. E., Karimov R., Karpushov A. N., Kazakov Y., Komm M., Kong M., Kovacic J., Krutkin O., Kudlacek O., Kumar U., Kwiatkowski R., Labit B., Laguardia L., Lammers J. T., Laribi E., Laszynska E., Lazaros A., Linder O., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Llobet X., Loizu J., Lunt T., Macusova E., Marandet Y., Maraschek M., Marceca G., Marchetto C., Marchioni S., Marmar E. S., Martin Y., Martinelli L., Matos F., Maurizio R., Mayoral M. -L., Mazon D., Menkovski V., Merle A., Merlo G., Meyer H., Mikszuta-Michalik K., Molina Cabrera P. A., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Moulton D., Muhammed H., Myatra O., Mykytchuk D., Napoli F., Nem R. D., Nielsen A. H., Nocente M., Nowak S., Offeddu N., Olsen J., Orsitto F. P., Pan O., Papp G., Pau A., Perek A., Pesamosca F., Peysson Y., Pigatto L., Piron C., Poradzinski M., Porte L., Putterich T., Rabinski M., Raj H., Rasmussen J. J., Ratta G. A., Ravensbergen T., Ricci D., Ricci P., Rispoli N., Riva F., Rivero-Rodriguez J. F., Salewski M., Sauter O., Schmidt B. S., Schrittweiser R., Sharapov S., Sheikh U. A., Sieglin B., Silva M., Smolders A., Snicker A., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stagni A., Stipani L., Sun G., Tala T., Tamain P., Tanaka K., Tema Biwole A., Terranova D., Terry J. L., Testa D., Theiler C., Thornton A., Thrysoe A., Torreblanca H., Tsui C. K., Vaccaro D., Vallar M., Van Berkel M., Van Eester D., Van Kampen R. J. R., Van Mulders S., Verhaegh K., Verhaeghe T., Vianello N., Villone F., Viezzer E., Vincent B., Voitsekhovitch I., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weisen H., Wendler N., Wensing M., Widmer F., Wiesen S., Wischmeier M., Wijkamp T. A., Wunderlich D., Wuthrich C., Yanovskiy V., and Zebrowski J.
Abstract: The tokamak à configuration variable (TCV) continues to leverage its unique shaping capabilities, flexible heating systems and modern control system to address critical issues in preparation for ITER and a fusion power plant. For the 2019-20 campaign its configurational flexibility has been enhanced with the installation of removable divertor gas baffles, its diagnostic capabilities with an extensive set of upgrades and its heating systems with new dual frequency gyrotrons. The gas baffles reduce coupling between the divertor and the main chamber and allow for detailed investigations on the role of fuelling in general and, together with upgraded boundary diagnostics, test divertor and edge models in particular. The increased heating capabilities broaden the operational regime to include Te/Ti ∼1 and have stimulated refocussing studies from L-mode to H-mode across a range of research topics. ITER baseline parameters were reached in type-I ELMy H-modes and alternative regimes with 'small' (or no) ELMs explored. Most prominently, negative triangularity was investigated in detail and confirmed as an attractive scenario with H-mode level core confinement but an L-mode edge. Emphasis was also placed on control, where an increased number of observers, actuators and control solutions became available and are now integrated into a generic control framework as will be needed in future devices. The quantity and quality of results of the 2019-20 TCV campaign are a testament to its successful integration within the European research effort alongside a vibrant domestic programme and international collaborations.
Published: 2022

20. Impact of the turbulence wavenumber spectrum and probing beam geometry on Doppler reflectometry perpendicular velocity measurements

Author: Frank, A, primary, Höfler, K, additional, Happel, T, additional, Görler, T, additional, Lechte, C, additional, and Stroth, U, additional
Published: 2023
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21. Prospects of core–edge integrated no-ELM and small-ELM scenarios for future fusion devices

Author: Viezzer, E., primary, Austin, M.E., additional, Bernert, M., additional, Burrell, K.H., additional, Cano-Megias, P., additional, Chen, X., additional, Cruz-Zabala, D.J., additional, Coda, S., additional, Faitsch, M., additional, Février, O., additional, Gil, L., additional, Giroud, C., additional, Happel, T., additional, Harrer, G.F., additional, Hubbard, A.E., additional, Hughes, J.W., additional, Kallenbach, A., additional, Labit, B., additional, Merle, A., additional, Meyer, H., additional, Paz-Soldan, C., additional, Oyola, P., additional, Sauter, O., additional, Siccinio, M., additional, Silvagni, D., additional, and Solano, E.R., additional
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. First measurements of a scintillator-based fast-ion loss detector in reversed Ip/Bt at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Hidalgo Salaverri, Javier, Rueda Rueda, José, Galdón Quiroga, Joaquín, Cano Megías, Pilar, Viezzer, Eleonora, García Domínguez, Javier, Oyola Domínguez, Pablo, Ayllón Guerola, Juan Manuel, García Muñoz, Manuel, Happel, T., Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y de Fabricación, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla. FQM-402: Ciencias y Tecnologías del Plasma y el Espacio, Unión Europea (UE). H2020, and Unión Europea (UE). Programa de Investigación y Formación Euratom
Abstract: This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc-nd/4.0/). Fast-α losses in future fusion power plants are expected to follow the co- and counter-current directions due to the isotropy of the fusion reaction. At the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak, the co-current direction (achieved with positive plasma current and negative toroidal magnetic field) has been extensively studied thanks to an array of five fast-ion loss detectors (FILD). A new fast-ion loss detector compatible with reversed Ip/Bt (negative plasma current and positive magnetic toroidal field, defining positive as counter-clockwise when the machine is viewed from the top), namely RFILD, has been designed and commissioned to study the behaviour of counter-current fast-ion losses and to expand our knowledge on QH-mode, I-mode, and the L-H transition. The detector is a modified version of the midplane manipulator fast-ion loss detector that features a new probe head orientation and collimator geometry, optimised using the FILDSIM code. A fast CMOS camera is used as a high spatial resolution acquisition system, while an array of photomultipliers (up to 1 MHz) serves as a fast channel. First measurements have been taken in I-mode, QH-mode, L-mode and H-mode with core densities ranging between 4·1019 and 9·1019 m−3, IP between -0.8 and -0.6 MA and Bt of 2.5 T approximately. NBI fast-ion losses were observed for the first time in reversed Ip/Bt, producing high pitch (60 – 80°) losses. ICRH losses in H-minority heating configuration have also been observed in I-mode experiments. These losses correspond to the outer leg of banana particle trajectories. An upgraded double collimator detector design is also presented, that will increase the measurable particle range in future experimental campaigns (co- and counter-current particles simultaneously). Thus, we expand our understanding on the mechanisms behind fast-ion losses at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak in the reversed Ip/Bt configuration.
Published: 2023

23. Electron temperature fluctuation measurements with Correlation Electron Cyclotron Emission in L-mode and I-mode plasmas at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Bielajew, R., Conway, G., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-4268, Happel, T., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-9363, Höfler, K., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7925-8159, Molina Cabrera, P., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6884-5833, Plank, U., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1509-4308, Rodriguez-Fernandez, p., Silvagni, D., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2103-3592, Vanovac, B., Yoo, C., White, A., and ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society
Published: 2023

24. Experimental study of the edge radial electric field in different drift configurations and its role in the access to H-mode at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Plank, U., Brida, D., Conway, G., Happel, T., Hubbard, A., Pütterich, T., Angioni, C., Cavedon, M., Dux, R., Eich, T., Fischer, R., Hennequin, P., and ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society
Published: 2023

25. Pellet-fueled I-mode plasmas in ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Silvagni, D., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2103-3592, Lang, P., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1586-8518, Happel, T., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-9363, Bock, A., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3995-8596, Fischer, R., Gil, L., Kardaun, O., McDermott, R., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8958-8714, Plank, U., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1509-4308, Plöckl, B., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6057-5402, Stieglitz, D., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-320X, Tardini, G., and ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society
Published: 2023

26. Overview of initial negative triangularity plasma studies on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Happel, T., primary, Pütterich, T., additional, Told, D., additional, Dunne, M., additional, Fischer, R., additional, Hobirk, J., additional, McDermott, R.M., additional, Plank, U., additional, and the, ASDEX Upgrade Team, additional
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

27. From L-mode to the L-H transition, experiments on ASDEX Upgrade, gyrokinetic simulations and full-radius transport modeling

Author: Bonanomi Nicola, Angioni Clemente, Luda Teobaldo, Happel T, Connway G, Plank U, Staebler Gary, Mantica Paola, Casiraghi Irene, Bonanomi, N, Angioni, C, Luda, T, Happel, T, Connway, G, Plank, U, Staebler, G, Mantica, P, and Casiraghi, I
Subjects: ASDEX Upgrade, L-mode, L-H transition, gyrokinetic simulations, full-radius transport modelling
Published: 2022

28. Experimental Investigations of the H-mode Access in Mixed Hydrogen-Deuterium Plasmas at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Plank U., Putterich T., Angioni C., Conway G. D., Dux R., Happel T., Bonanomi N., Cavedon M., Gil L., McDermott R. M., Schneider P. A., Plank, U, Putterich, T, Angioni, C, Conway, G, Dux, R, Happel, T, Bonanomi, N, Cavedon, M, Gil, L, Mcdermott, R, and Schneider, P
Subjects: Plasma, Fusione
Published: 2022

29. Millimeter-wave beam scattering and induced broadening by plasma turbulence in the TCV tokamak

Author: Chellai, O, Alberti, S, Furno, I, Goodman, T, Maj, O, Merlo, G, Poli, E, Ricci, P, Riva, F, Weber, H, Coda, S, Agostini, M, Albanese, R, Alessi, E, Allan, S, Allcock, J, Ambrosino, R, Anand, H, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Ball, J, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Beletskii, A, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bonanomi, N, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brida, D, Bucalossi, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buratti, P, Calabro, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Causa, F, Cerovsky, J, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Christen, N, Ciraolo, G, Cordaro, L, Costea, S, Cruz, N, Czarnecka, A, Dal Molin, A, David, P, Decker, J, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Eich, T, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Esposito, B, Faitsch, M, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferro, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Frassinetti, L, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Munoz, M, Garrido, A, Garrido, I, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Hakola, A, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Havlickova, E, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Hesslow, L, Hogeweij, D, Hogge, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Hubbard, A, Iantchenko, A, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Ionita Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Jacquier, R, Jardin, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kirneva, N, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwiatkowski, R, Labit, B, Lazzaro, E, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Lombroni, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maljaars, E, Mantica, P, Maraschek, M, Marchetto, C, Marco, A, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Martin, Y, Matos, F, Maurizio, R, Mavkov, B, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Micheletti, D, Militello, F, Mitosinkova, K, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Mumgaard, R, Naulin, V, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Papp, G, Pau, A, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plyusnin, V, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Juul Rasmussen, J, Ravensbergen, T, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reux, C, Ricci, D, Rispoli, N, Rosato, J, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sauter, O, Scheffer, M, Schlatter, C, Schneider, B, Schrittwieser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sheikh, U, Shousha, R, Silva, M, Sinha, J, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stipani, L, Strand, P, Tala, T, Tema Biwole, A, Teplukhina, A, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Tomaz, G, Tomes, M, Tran, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Van Vugt, D, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Viezzer, E, Vijvers, W, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weisen, H, Wensing, M, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Yoshida, M, Zagorski, R, Zanca, P, Zebrowski, J, Zisis, A, Zuin, M, Chellai O., Alberti S., Furno I., Goodman T. P., Maj O., Merlo G., Poli E., Ricci P., Riva F., Weber H., Coda S., Agostini M., Albanese R., Alessi E., Allan S., Allcock J., Ambrosino R., Anand H., Andrebe Y., Arnichand H., Auriemma F., Ayllon-Guerola J. M., Bagnato F., Ball J., Baquero-Ruiz M., Beletskii A. A., Bernert M., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T. C., Boedo J. A., Bogar O., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Bonanomi N., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brida D., Bucalossi J., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buratti P., Calabro G., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Carr M., Carraro L., Casolari A., Causa F., Cerovsky J., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Christen N., Ciraolo G., Cordaro L., Costea S., Cruz N., Czarnecka A., Dal Molin A., David P., Decker J., De Oliveira H., Douai D., Dreval M. B., Dudson B., Dunne M., Duval B. P., Eich T., Elmore S., Embreus O., Esposito B., Faitsch M., Farnik M., Fasoli A., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Feng S., Feng X., Ferro G., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Fil A., Fontana M., Frassinetti L., Gahle D. S., Galassi D., Galazka K., Gallo A., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia J., Garcia-Munoz M., Garrido A. J., Garrido I., Gath J., Geiger B., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Gorini G., Gospodarczyk M., Granucci G., Graves J. P., Gruca M., Gyergyek T., Hakola A., Happel T., Harrer G. F., Harrison J., Havlickova E., Hawke J., Henderson S., Hennequin P., Hesslow L., Hogeweij D., Hogge J. -Ph., Hopf C., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Huang Z., Hubbard A., Iantchenko A., Igochine V., Innocente P., Ionita Schrittwieser C., Isliker H., Jacquier R., Jardin A., Kappatou A., Karpushov A., Kazantzidis P. -V., Keeling D., Kirneva N., Komm M., Kong M., Kovacic J., Krawczyk N., Kudlacek O., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwiatkowski R., Labit B., Lazzaro E., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Llobet X., Lombroni R., Loschiavo V. P., Lunt T., MacUsova E., Madsen J., Maljaars E., Mantica P., Maraschek M., Marchetto C., Marco A., Mariani A., Marini C., Martin Y., Matos F., Maurizio R., Mavkov B., Mazon D., McCarthy P., McDermott R., Menkovski V., Merle A., Meyer H., Micheletti D., Militello F., Mitosinkova K., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Molina Cabrera P. A., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Mumgaard R. T., Naulin V., Nem R. D., Nespoli F., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nocente M., Nowak S., Offeddu N., Orsitto F. P., Paccagnella R., Palha A., Papp G., Pau A., Pavlichenko R. O., Perek A., Pericoli Ridolfini V., Pesamosca F., Piergotti V., Pigatto L., Piovesan P., Piron C., Plyusnin V., Porte L., Pucella G., Puiatti M. E., Putterich T., Rabinski M., Juul Rasmussen J., Ravensbergen T., Reich M., Reimerdes H., Reimold F., Reux C., Ricci D., Rispoli N., Rosato J., Saarelma S., Salewski M., Salmi A., Sauter O., Scheffer M., Schlatter Ch., Schneider B. S., Schrittwieser R., Sharapov S., Sheeba R. R., Sheikh U., Shousha R., Silva M., Sinha J., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stipani L., Strand P., Tala T., Tema Biwole A. S., Teplukhina A. A., Testa D., Theiler C., Thornton A., Tomaz G., Tomes M., Tran M. Q., Tsironis C., Tsui C. K., Urban J., Valisa M., Vallar M., Van Vugt D., Vartanian S., Vasilovici O., Verhaegh K., Vermare L., Vianello N., Viezzer E., Vijvers W. A. J., Villone F., Voitsekhovitch I., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weiland M., Weisen H., Wensing M., Wiesenberger M., Wilkie G., Wischmeier M., Wu K., Yoshida M., Zagorski R., Zanca P., Zebrowski J., Zisis A., Zuin M., Chellai, O, Alberti, S, Furno, I, Goodman, T, Maj, O, Merlo, G, Poli, E, Ricci, P, Riva, F, Weber, H, Coda, S, Agostini, M, Albanese, R, Alessi, E, Allan, S, Allcock, J, Ambrosino, R, Anand, H, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Ball, J, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Beletskii, A, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bonanomi, N, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brida, D, Bucalossi, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buratti, P, Calabro, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Causa, F, Cerovsky, J, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Christen, N, Ciraolo, G, Cordaro, L, Costea, S, Cruz, N, Czarnecka, A, Dal Molin, A, David, P, Decker, J, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Eich, T, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Esposito, B, Faitsch, M, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferro, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Frassinetti, L, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Munoz, M, Garrido, A, Garrido, I, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Hakola, A, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Havlickova, E, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Hesslow, L, Hogeweij, D, Hogge, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Hubbard, A, Iantchenko, A, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Ionita Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Jacquier, R, Jardin, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kirneva, N, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwiatkowski, R, Labit, B, Lazzaro, E, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Lombroni, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maljaars, E, Mantica, P, Maraschek, M, Marchetto, C, Marco, A, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Martin, Y, Matos, F, Maurizio, R, Mavkov, B, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Micheletti, D, Militello, F, Mitosinkova, K, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Mumgaard, R, Naulin, V, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Papp, G, Pau, A, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plyusnin, V, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Juul Rasmussen, J, Ravensbergen, T, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reux, C, Ricci, D, Rispoli, N, Rosato, J, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sauter, O, Scheffer, M, Schlatter, C, Schneider, B, Schrittwieser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sheikh, U, Shousha, R, Silva, M, Sinha, J, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stipani, L, Strand, P, Tala, T, Tema Biwole, A, Teplukhina, A, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Tomaz, G, Tomes, M, Tran, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Van Vugt, D, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Viezzer, E, Vijvers, W, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weisen, H, Wensing, M, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Yoshida, M, Zagorski, R, Zanca, P, Zebrowski, J, Zisis, A, Zuin, M, Chellai O., Alberti S., Furno I., Goodman T. P., Maj O., Merlo G., Poli E., Ricci P., Riva F., Weber H., Coda S., Agostini M., Albanese R., Alessi E., Allan S., Allcock J., Ambrosino R., Anand H., Andrebe Y., Arnichand H., Auriemma F., Ayllon-Guerola J. M., Bagnato F., Ball J., Baquero-Ruiz M., Beletskii A. A., Bernert M., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T. C., Boedo J. A., Bogar O., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Bonanomi N., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brida D., Bucalossi J., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buratti P., Calabro G., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Carr M., Carraro L., Casolari A., Causa F., Cerovsky J., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Christen N., Ciraolo G., Cordaro L., Costea S., Cruz N., Czarnecka A., Dal Molin A., David P., Decker J., De Oliveira H., Douai D., Dreval M. B., Dudson B., Dunne M., Duval B. P., Eich T., Elmore S., Embreus O., Esposito B., Faitsch M., Farnik M., Fasoli A., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Feng S., Feng X., Ferro G., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Fil A., Fontana M., Frassinetti L., Gahle D. S., Galassi D., Galazka K., Gallo A., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia J., Garcia-Munoz M., Garrido A. J., Garrido I., Gath J., Geiger B., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Gorini G., Gospodarczyk M., Granucci G., Graves J. P., Gruca M., Gyergyek T., Hakola A., Happel T., Harrer G. F., Harrison J., Havlickova E., Hawke J., Henderson S., Hennequin P., Hesslow L., Hogeweij D., Hogge J. -Ph., Hopf C., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Huang Z., Hubbard A., Iantchenko A., Igochine V., Innocente P., Ionita Schrittwieser C., Isliker H., Jacquier R., Jardin A., Kappatou A., Karpushov A., Kazantzidis P. -V., Keeling D., Kirneva N., Komm M., Kong M., Kovacic J., Krawczyk N., Kudlacek O., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwiatkowski R., Labit B., Lazzaro E., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Llobet X., Lombroni R., Loschiavo V. P., Lunt T., MacUsova E., Madsen J., Maljaars E., Mantica P., Maraschek M., Marchetto C., Marco A., Mariani A., Marini C., Martin Y., Matos F., Maurizio R., Mavkov B., Mazon D., McCarthy P., McDermott R., Menkovski V., Merle A., Meyer H., Micheletti D., Militello F., Mitosinkova K., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Molina Cabrera P. A., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Mumgaard R. T., Naulin V., Nem R. D., Nespoli F., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nocente M., Nowak S., Offeddu N., Orsitto F. P., Paccagnella R., Palha A., Papp G., Pau A., Pavlichenko R. O., Perek A., Pericoli Ridolfini V., Pesamosca F., Piergotti V., Pigatto L., Piovesan P., Piron C., Plyusnin V., Porte L., Pucella G., Puiatti M. E., Putterich T., Rabinski M., Juul Rasmussen J., Ravensbergen T., Reich M., Reimerdes H., Reimold F., Reux C., Ricci D., Rispoli N., Rosato J., Saarelma S., Salewski M., Salmi A., Sauter O., Scheffer M., Schlatter Ch., Schneider B. S., Schrittwieser R., Sharapov S., Sheeba R. R., Sheikh U., Shousha R., Silva M., Sinha J., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stipani L., Strand P., Tala T., Tema Biwole A. S., Teplukhina A. A., Testa D., Theiler C., Thornton A., Tomaz G., Tomes M., Tran M. Q., Tsironis C., Tsui C. K., Urban J., Valisa M., Vallar M., Van Vugt D., Vartanian S., Vasilovici O., Verhaegh K., Vermare L., Vianello N., Viezzer E., Vijvers W. A. J., Villone F., Voitsekhovitch I., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weiland M., Weisen H., Wensing M., Wiesenberger M., Wilkie G., Wischmeier M., Wu K., Yoshida M., Zagorski R., Zanca P., Zebrowski J., Zisis A., and Zuin M.
Abstract: The scattering of millimeter-wave beams from electron density fluctuations and the associated beam broadening are experimentally demonstrated. Using a dedicated setup, instantaneous deflection and (de-)focusing of the beam due to density blobs on the beam path are shown to agree with full-wave simulations. The detected time-averaged wave power transmitted through the turbulent plasma is reproduced by the radiative-transfer model implemented in the WKBeam code, which predicts a ∼50% turbulence-induced broadening of the beam cross-section. The role of core turbulence for the considered geometry is highlighted.
Published: 2021

30. Cherenkov probes and runaway electrons diagnostics

Author: Kwiatkowski, R, Rabinski, M, Sadowski, M, Zebrowski, J, Karpinski, P, Coda, S, Agostini, M, Albanese, R, Alberti, S, Alessi, E, Allan, S, Allcock, J, Ambrosino, R, Anand, H, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Ball, J, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Beletskii, A, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bonanomi, N, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brida, D, Bucalossi, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buratti, P, Calabro, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Causa, F, Cerovsky, J, Chellai, O, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Christen, N, Ciraolo, G, Cordaro, L, Costea, S, Cruz, N, Czarnecka, A, Molin, A, David, P, Decker, J, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Eich, T, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Esposito, B, Faitsch, M, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferro, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Munoz, M, Garrido, A, Garrido, I, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Hakola, A, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Havlickova, E, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Hesslow, L, Hogeweij, D, Hogge, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Hubbard, A, Iantchenko, A, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Jacquier, R, Jardin, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kirneva, N, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Labit, B, Lazzaro, E, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Lombroni, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maljaars, E, Mantica, P, Maraschek, M, Marchetto, C, Marco, A, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Martin, Y, Matos, F, Maurizio, R, Mavkov, B, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Micheletti, D, Militello, F, Mitosinkova, K, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Mumgaard, R, Naulin, V, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Papp, G, Pau, A, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plyusnin, V, Poli, E, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rasmussen, J, Ravensbergen, T, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reux, C, Ricci, D, Ricci, P, Rispoli, N, Rosato, J, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sauter, O, Scheffer, M, Schlatter, C, Schneider, B, Schrittwieser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sheikh, U, Shousha, R, Silva, M, Sinha, J, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stipani, L, Strand, P, Tala, T, Biwole, A, Teplukhina, A, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Tomaz, G, Tomes, M, Tran, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Van Vugt, D, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Viezzer, E, Vijvers, W, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weisen, H, Wensing, M, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Yoshida, M, Zagorski, R, Zanca, P, Zisis, A, Zuin, M, Kwiatkowski R., Rabinski M., Sadowski M. J., Zebrowski J., Karpinski P., Coda S., Agostini M., Albanese R., Alberti S., Alessi E., Allan S., Allcock J., Ambrosino R., Anand H., Andrebe Y., Arnichand H., Auriemma F., Ayllon-Guerola J. M., Bagnato F., Ball J., Baquero-Ruiz M., Beletskii A. A., Bernert M., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T. C., Boedo J. A., Bogar O., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Bonanomi N., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brida D., Bucalossi J., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buratti P., Calabro G., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Carr M., Carraro L., Casolari A., Causa F., Cerovsky J., Chellai O., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Christen N., Ciraolo G., Cordaro L., Costea S., Cruz N., Czarnecka A., Molin A. D., David P., Decker J., De Oliveira H., Douai D., Dreval M. B., Dudson B., Dunne M., Duval B. P., Eich T., Elmore S., Embreus O., Esposito B., Faitsch M., Farnik M., Fasoli A., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Feng S., Feng X., Ferro G., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Fil A., Fontana M., Frassinetti L., Furno I., Gahle D. S., Galassi D., Galazka K., Gallo A., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia J., Garcia-Munoz M., Garrido A. J., Garrido I., Gath J., Geiger B., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Goodman T. P., Gorini G., Gospodarczyk M., Granucci G., Graves J. P., Gruca M., Gyergyek T., Hakola A., Happel T., Harrer G. F., Harrison J., Havlickova E., Hawke J., Henderson S., Hennequin P., Hesslow L., Hogeweij D., Hogge J. -P., Hopf C., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Huang Z., Hubbard A., Iantchenko A., Igochine V., Innocente P., Schrittwieser C. I., Isliker H., Jacquier R., Jardin A., Kappatou A., Karpushov A., Kazantzidis P. -V., Keeling D., Kirneva N., Komm M., Kong M., Kovacic J., Krawczyk N., Kudlacek O., Kurki-Suonio T., Labit B., Lazzaro E., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Llobet X., Lombroni R., Loschiavo V. P., Lunt T., Macusova E., Madsen J., Maljaars E., Mantica P., Maraschek M., Marchetto C., Marco A., Mariani A., Marini C., Martin Y., Matos F., Maurizio R., Mavkov B., Mazon D., McCarthy P., McDermott R., Menkovski V., Merle A., Meyer H., Micheletti D., Militello F., Mitosinkova K., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Cabrera P. A. M., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Mumgaard R. T., Naulin V., Nem R. D., Nespoli F., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nocente M., Nowak S., Offeddu N., Orsitto F. P., Paccagnella R., Palha A., Papp G., Pau A., Pavlichenko R. O., Perek A., Pericoli Ridolfini V., Pesamosca F., Piergotti V., Pigatto L., Piovesan P., Piron C., Plyusnin V., Poli E., Porte L., Pucella G., Puiatti M. E., Putterich T., Rasmussen J. J., Ravensbergen T., Reich M., Reimerdes H., Reimold F., Reux C., Ricci D., Ricci P., Rispoli N., Rosato J., Saarelma S., Salewski M., Salmi A., Sauter O., Scheffer M., Schlatter C., Schneider B. S., Schrittwieser R., Sharapov S., Sheeba R. R., Sheikh U., Shousha R., Silva M., Sinha J., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stipani L., Strand P., Tala T., Biwole A. S. T., Teplukhina A. A., Testa D., Theiler C., Thornton A., Tomaz G., Tomes M., Tran M. Q., Tsironis C., Tsui C. K., Urban J., Valisa M., Vallar M., Van Vugt D., Vartanian S., Vasilovici O., Verhaegh K., Vermare L., Vianello N., Viezzer E., Vijvers W. A. J., Villone F., Voitsekhovitch I., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weiland M., Weisen H., Wensing M., Wiesenberger M., Wilkie G., Wischmeier M., Wu K., Yoshida M., Zagorski R., Zanca P., Zisis A., Zuin M., Kwiatkowski, R, Rabinski, M, Sadowski, M, Zebrowski, J, Karpinski, P, Coda, S, Agostini, M, Albanese, R, Alberti, S, Alessi, E, Allan, S, Allcock, J, Ambrosino, R, Anand, H, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Ball, J, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Beletskii, A, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bonanomi, N, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brida, D, Bucalossi, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buratti, P, Calabro, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Causa, F, Cerovsky, J, Chellai, O, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Christen, N, Ciraolo, G, Cordaro, L, Costea, S, Cruz, N, Czarnecka, A, Molin, A, David, P, Decker, J, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Eich, T, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Esposito, B, Faitsch, M, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferro, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Munoz, M, Garrido, A, Garrido, I, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Hakola, A, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Havlickova, E, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Hesslow, L, Hogeweij, D, Hogge, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Hubbard, A, Iantchenko, A, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Jacquier, R, Jardin, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kirneva, N, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Labit, B, Lazzaro, E, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Lombroni, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maljaars, E, Mantica, P, Maraschek, M, Marchetto, C, Marco, A, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Martin, Y, Matos, F, Maurizio, R, Mavkov, B, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Micheletti, D, Militello, F, Mitosinkova, K, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Mumgaard, R, Naulin, V, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Papp, G, Pau, A, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plyusnin, V, Poli, E, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rasmussen, J, Ravensbergen, T, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reux, C, Ricci, D, Ricci, P, Rispoli, N, Rosato, J, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sauter, O, Scheffer, M, Schlatter, C, Schneider, B, Schrittwieser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sheikh, U, Shousha, R, Silva, M, Sinha, J, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stipani, L, Strand, P, Tala, T, Biwole, A, Teplukhina, A, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Tomaz, G, Tomes, M, Tran, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Van Vugt, D, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Viezzer, E, Vijvers, W, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weisen, H, Wensing, M, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Yoshida, M, Zagorski, R, Zanca, P, Zisis, A, Zuin, M, Kwiatkowski R., Rabinski M., Sadowski M. J., Zebrowski J., Karpinski P., Coda S., Agostini M., Albanese R., Alberti S., Alessi E., Allan S., Allcock J., Ambrosino R., Anand H., Andrebe Y., Arnichand H., Auriemma F., Ayllon-Guerola J. M., Bagnato F., Ball J., Baquero-Ruiz M., Beletskii A. A., Bernert M., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T. C., Boedo J. A., Bogar O., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Bonanomi N., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brida D., Bucalossi J., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buratti P., Calabro G., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Carr M., Carraro L., Casolari A., Causa F., Cerovsky J., Chellai O., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Christen N., Ciraolo G., Cordaro L., Costea S., Cruz N., Czarnecka A., Molin A. D., David P., Decker J., De Oliveira H., Douai D., Dreval M. B., Dudson B., Dunne M., Duval B. P., Eich T., Elmore S., Embreus O., Esposito B., Faitsch M., Farnik M., Fasoli A., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Feng S., Feng X., Ferro G., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Fil A., Fontana M., Frassinetti L., Furno I., Gahle D. S., Galassi D., Galazka K., Gallo A., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia J., Garcia-Munoz M., Garrido A. J., Garrido I., Gath J., Geiger B., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Goodman T. P., Gorini G., Gospodarczyk M., Granucci G., Graves J. P., Gruca M., Gyergyek T., Hakola A., Happel T., Harrer G. F., Harrison J., Havlickova E., Hawke J., Henderson S., Hennequin P., Hesslow L., Hogeweij D., Hogge J. -P., Hopf C., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Huang Z., Hubbard A., Iantchenko A., Igochine V., Innocente P., Schrittwieser C. I., Isliker H., Jacquier R., Jardin A., Kappatou A., Karpushov A., Kazantzidis P. -V., Keeling D., Kirneva N., Komm M., Kong M., Kovacic J., Krawczyk N., Kudlacek O., Kurki-Suonio T., Labit B., Lazzaro E., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Llobet X., Lombroni R., Loschiavo V. P., Lunt T., Macusova E., Madsen J., Maljaars E., Mantica P., Maraschek M., Marchetto C., Marco A., Mariani A., Marini C., Martin Y., Matos F., Maurizio R., Mavkov B., Mazon D., McCarthy P., McDermott R., Menkovski V., Merle A., Meyer H., Micheletti D., Militello F., Mitosinkova K., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Cabrera P. A. M., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Mumgaard R. T., Naulin V., Nem R. D., Nespoli F., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nocente M., Nowak S., Offeddu N., Orsitto F. P., Paccagnella R., Palha A., Papp G., Pau A., Pavlichenko R. O., Perek A., Pericoli Ridolfini V., Pesamosca F., Piergotti V., Pigatto L., Piovesan P., Piron C., Plyusnin V., Poli E., Porte L., Pucella G., Puiatti M. E., Putterich T., Rasmussen J. J., Ravensbergen T., Reich M., Reimerdes H., Reimold F., Reux C., Ricci D., Ricci P., Rispoli N., Rosato J., Saarelma S., Salewski M., Salmi A., Sauter O., Scheffer M., Schlatter C., Schneider B. S., Schrittwieser R., Sharapov S., Sheeba R. R., Sheikh U., Shousha R., Silva M., Sinha J., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stipani L., Strand P., Tala T., Biwole A. S. T., Teplukhina A. A., Testa D., Theiler C., Thornton A., Tomaz G., Tomes M., Tran M. Q., Tsironis C., Tsui C. K., Urban J., Valisa M., Vallar M., Van Vugt D., Vartanian S., Vasilovici O., Verhaegh K., Vermare L., Vianello N., Viezzer E., Vijvers W. A. J., Villone F., Voitsekhovitch I., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weiland M., Weisen H., Wensing M., Wiesenberger M., Wilkie G., Wischmeier M., Wu K., Yoshida M., Zagorski R., Zanca P., Zisis A., and Zuin M.
Abstract: The beams of fast runaway electrons (RE), which are often produced during tokamak discharges, are particularly dangerous and can induce serious damages of the vacuum vessel and internal components of the machine. The proper and fast diagnostics of RE beams is essential for controlling the discharge, e.g., by early mitigation of disruptions and potentially dangerous RE beams. The diagnostics of RE beams is usually based on measurements of the radiation emitted either by these electrons, or as a result of their interactions with plasma and/or vessel walls. Such a radiation is usually recorded by the means of probes placed outside the vacuum vessel. The method developed by our team is based on the probe located inside the vacuum vessel. The probe can be used to detect highly localized RE bunches and to determine their spatial and temporal characteristics. During last few years, the NCBJ team have developed and used the RE diagnostics based on the Cherenkov effect observed in diamond radiators coupled with fast photomultipliers. During the investigated discharges, the probe was inserted into the vacuum vessel, and its head was placed at the plasma edge, where fast RE are expected. A correlation between signals recorded using our probes and other diagnostics, e.g., hard x-ray signals, was also studied. In this paper, we present recent results of the RE measurements by means of Cherenkov probes, which were performed in the COMPASS and TCV tokamaks.
Published: 2021

31. Experimental study of the impact of ion orbit losses on the edge radial electric field at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Cano-Megias, P, Viezzer, E, Brzozowski, R, Plank, U, Cavedon, M, Happel, T, Hofler, K, Cruz-Zabala, D, Dux, R, Griener, M, Hobirk, J, Van Vuuren, A, Putterich, T, Chacartegui, R, Cano-Megias P., Viezzer E., Brzozowski R. W., Plank U., Cavedon M., Happel T., Hofler K., Cruz-Zabala D. J., Dux R., Griener M., Hobirk J., Van Vuuren A. J., Putterich T., Chacartegui R., Cano-Megias, P, Viezzer, E, Brzozowski, R, Plank, U, Cavedon, M, Happel, T, Hofler, K, Cruz-Zabala, D, Dux, R, Griener, M, Hobirk, J, Van Vuuren, A, Putterich, T, Chacartegui, R, Cano-Megias P., Viezzer E., Brzozowski R. W., Plank U., Cavedon M., Happel T., Hofler K., Cruz-Zabala D. J., Dux R., Griener M., Hobirk J., Van Vuuren A. J., Putterich T., and Chacartegui R.
Published: 2021

32. Progress towards a quiescent, high confinement regime for the all-metal ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Viezzer, E, Solano, E, Cano-Megias, P, Cruz-Zabala, D, Oyola, P, Karagianni, C, Meyer, H, Hobirk, J, Bielajew, R, Cavedon, M, Dunne, M, Happel, T, Maraschek, M, Mcdermott, R, Merle, A, Suttrop, W, Vanovac, B, Willensdorfer, M, Viezzer E., Solano E. R., Cano-Megias P., Cruz-Zabala D. J., Oyola P., Karagianni C., Meyer H., Hobirk J., Bielajew R., Cavedon M., Dunne M., Happel T., Maraschek M., McDermott R. M., Merle A., Suttrop W., Vanovac B., Willensdorfer M., Viezzer, E, Solano, E, Cano-Megias, P, Cruz-Zabala, D, Oyola, P, Karagianni, C, Meyer, H, Hobirk, J, Bielajew, R, Cavedon, M, Dunne, M, Happel, T, Maraschek, M, Mcdermott, R, Merle, A, Suttrop, W, Vanovac, B, Willensdorfer, M, Viezzer E., Solano E. R., Cano-Megias P., Cruz-Zabala D. J., Oyola P., Karagianni C., Meyer H., Hobirk J., Bielajew R., Cavedon M., Dunne M., Happel T., Maraschek M., McDermott R. M., Merle A., Suttrop W., Vanovac B., and Willensdorfer M.
Abstract: Transient QH-modes up to 500 ms were observed for the first time in the all-W tokamak ASDEX Upgrade. The signatures of the EHO were observed in several diagnostics. The QHmode appears at the low density, high temperature branch, with the pedestal close to the kinkpeeling boundary. Future work focusses on extending the QH-mode to stationarity.
Published: 2021

33. Poloidally resolved measurements of the perpendicular propagation velocity of density fluctuations in ASDEX Upgrade L-mode plasmas

Author: Hofler, K, Happel, T, Hennequin, P, Stroth, U, Cavedon, M, Dux, R, Fischer, R, Mcdermott, R, Poli, E, Schuster, C, Wolfrum, E, Hofler K., Happel T., Hennequin P., Stroth U., Cavedon M., Dux R., Fischer R., McDermott R. M., Poli E., Schuster C. U., Wolfrum E., Hofler, K, Happel, T, Hennequin, P, Stroth, U, Cavedon, M, Dux, R, Fischer, R, Mcdermott, R, Poli, E, Schuster, C, Wolfrum, E, Hofler K., Happel T., Hennequin P., Stroth U., Cavedon M., Dux R., Fischer R., McDermott R. M., Poli E., Schuster C. U., and Wolfrum E.
Abstract: Poloidal asymmetries of the propagation velocity of density fluctuations perpendicular to the magnetic field measured with Doppler reflectometry have been reported in several magnetic confinement plasma devices. Careful analysis of a large variety of different low confinement mode plasma scenarios performed at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak does not reveal such an asymmetry outside the uncertainties of the evaluation process of the measurement data. The perpendicular velocity is investigated between mid-radius and the plasma edge and follows the poloidal dependence of the E × B drift velocity regardless of the probed turbulence structure size. Compared to measurements of a charge exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic this points towards a significantly smaller phase velocity than the E × B drift velocity. The analysis technique is presented in a representative discharge together with a sensitivity study of the impact of density, magneto hydrodynamic equilibrium and diagnostic alignment on the interpretation of the measured Doppler shift using ray tracing and thus on poloidal asymmetries. Three more highly different plasma scenarios with poloidally symmetric velocity profiles are shown.
Published: 2021

34. W-band tunable, multi-channel, frequency comb Doppler backscattering diagnostic in the ASDEX-Upgrade tokamak.

Author: Molina Cabrera, P. A., Kasparek, W., Happel, T., Eixenberger, H., Kammerloher, L., Hennequin, P., Höfler, K., and Honoré, C.
Subjects: TOKAMAKS, BACKSCATTERING, FREQUENCY spectra, THOMSON scattering, DEMODULATION, NUCLEAR fusion
Abstract: This article presents the design, implementation, and first data of a uniquely flexible, multi-channel, frequency comb Doppler backscattering diagnostic recently made operational in the ASDEX-Upgrade tokamak [A. Gruber and O. Gruber, Fusion Sci. Technol. 44, 569 (2003)]. It uses a double side-band signal fed into a ×6 frequency multiplier to produce a multiple-frequency output spectrum. Seven of these frequencies are simultaneously measured in the receiver via a two-step frequency down-conversion and traditional I/Q demodulation. The frequency comb spectrum is fully tunable to sit anywhere in the W-band. The inter-frequency separation is also uniquely tunable remotely between 0.1 and 6 GHz without any hardware changes. The diagnostic can be operated in both O and X-mode polarizations and at both oblique and normal incidence to the cutoff layer. The time evolution of backscattered signals, in excess of 30 dB, from seven distinct frequencies sampled simultaneously is presented across an L-to-H-mode confinement regime transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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35. I-mode pedestal relaxation events at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Silvagni, D, Eich, T, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Griener, M, Dunne, M, Cavedon, M, Faitsch, M, Gil, L, Nille, D, Tal, B, Fischer, R, Stroth, U, Brida, D, David, P, Manz, P, Viezzer, E, Silvagni D., Eich T., Happel T., Harrer G. F., Griener M., Dunne M., Cavedon M., Faitsch M., Gil L., Nille D., Tal B., Fischer R., Stroth U., Brida D., David P., Manz P., Viezzer E., Silvagni, D, Eich, T, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Griener, M, Dunne, M, Cavedon, M, Faitsch, M, Gil, L, Nille, D, Tal, B, Fischer, R, Stroth, U, Brida, D, David, P, Manz, P, Viezzer, E, Silvagni D., Eich T., Happel T., Harrer G. F., Griener M., Dunne M., Cavedon M., Faitsch M., Gil L., Nille D., Tal B., Fischer R., Stroth U., Brida D., David P., Manz P., and Viezzer E.
Abstract: The I-mode confinement regime can feature small edge temperature drops that can lead to an increase in the energy deposited onto the divertor targets. In this work, we show that these events are associated with a relaxation of both electron temperature and density edge profiles, with the largest drop found at the pedestal top position. The relative energy loss is about 1 %, and is thus lower than that of type-I ELMs for the same pedestal top collisionality. Stability analysis of edge profiles reveals that the operational points are far from the ideal peeling-ballooning boundary. Also, we show that these events appear close to the H-mode transition in the typical I-mode operational space in ASDEX Upgrade, and that no further enhancement of energy confinement is found when they occur. Moreover, scrape-off layer transport during these events is found to be very similar to type-I ELMs, with regard to timescales (≈ 800 µs), filament propagation, toroidally asymmetric energy effluxes at the midplane and asymmetry between inner and outer divertor deposited energy. In particular, the latter reveals that more energy reaches the outer divertor target. Lastly, first measurements of the divertor peak energy fluence are reported, and projections to ARC - a reactor that could potentially operate in I-mode - are drawn.
Published: 2020

36. Self-sustained divertor oscillations in ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Heinrich, P, Manz, P, Bernert, M, Birkenmeier, G, Brida, D, Cavedon, M, David, P, Griener, M, Haas, G, Happel, T, Plank, U, Reimold, F, Stroth, U, Wischmeier, M, Zhang, W, Heinrich P., Manz P., Bernert M., Birkenmeier G., Brida D., Cavedon M., David P., Griener M., Haas G., Happel T., Plank U., Reimold F., Stroth U., Wischmeier M., Zhang W., Heinrich, P, Manz, P, Bernert, M, Birkenmeier, G, Brida, D, Cavedon, M, David, P, Griener, M, Haas, G, Happel, T, Plank, U, Reimold, F, Stroth, U, Wischmeier, M, Zhang, W, Heinrich P., Manz P., Bernert M., Birkenmeier G., Brida D., Cavedon M., David P., Griener M., Haas G., Happel T., Plank U., Reimold F., Stroth U., Wischmeier M., and Zhang W.
Abstract: Alternating radiation phenomena between the inner and outer divertor regions in the sub kHz range are investigated in the tokamak ASDEX Upgrade. While the inner divertor oscillates between the onset and fluctuating state of detachment, the outer divertor oscillates between conditions where it can maintain high recycling conditions or not. The detachment state of the inner divertor determines the magnitude of the neutral flux through the private flux region, thus sets the recycling conditions at the outer divertor. In return these recycling conditions determine the particle content in the divertor, hence the detachment state at the inner divertor.
Published: 2020

37. H-mode power threshold studies in mixed ion species plasmas at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Plank, U, Putterich, T, Angioni, C, Cavedon, M, Conway, G, Fischer, R, Happel, T, Kappatou, A, Mcdermott, R, Schneider, P, Tardini, G, Weiland, M, Plank U., Putterich T., Angioni C., Cavedon M., Conway G. D., Fischer R., Happel T., Kappatou A., Mcdermott R. M., Schneider P. A., Tardini G., Weiland M., Plank, U, Putterich, T, Angioni, C, Cavedon, M, Conway, G, Fischer, R, Happel, T, Kappatou, A, Mcdermott, R, Schneider, P, Tardini, G, Weiland, M, Plank U., Putterich T., Angioni C., Cavedon M., Conway G. D., Fischer R., Happel T., Kappatou A., Mcdermott R. M., Schneider P. A., Tardini G., and Weiland M.
Abstract: Understanding the dependence of the H-mode power threshold, PLH on the main ion composition is crucial for H-mode operation in ITER. In this work, H-mode power threshold studies conducted at ASDEX Upgrade are presented. These were performed in hydrogen plasmas with helium doping and in mixed hydrogen-deuterium plasmas. PLH stays constant on the level of pure hydrogen in hydrogen plasmas with helium doping up to cHe = 20%. Power balance calculations with the transport code ASTRA show that the edge ion heat flux at the L-H transition is independent of helium concentration and applied auxiliary heating, supporting that a critical edge ion heat flux is needed to enter H-mode. A non-linear dependence of PLH on the relative hydrogen content is found. PLH and the edge ion heat flux are constant at the level of pure deuterium for between 0 and 0.5 and constant on the level of pure hydrogen for between 0.8 and 1.
Published: 2020

38. I-mode pedestal relaxation events in the Alcator C-Mod and ASDEX Upgrade tokamaks

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, EUROfusion Consortium, Department of Energy, Fusion Energy Sciences. United States, Silvagni, D., Terry, J. L., McCarthy, W., Hubbard, A. E., Eich, T., Faitsch, M., Gil, L., Golfinopoulos, T., Grenfell, G., Griener, M., Happel, T., Hughes, J. W., Stroth, U., Viezzer, Eleonora, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, EUROfusion Consortium, Department of Energy, Fusion Energy Sciences. United States, Silvagni, D., Terry, J. L., McCarthy, W., Hubbard, A. E., Eich, T., Faitsch, M., Gil, L., Golfinopoulos, T., Grenfell, G., Griener, M., Happel, T., Hughes, J. W., Stroth, U., and Viezzer, Eleonora
Abstract: In some conditions, I-mode plasmas can feature pedestal relaxation events (PREs) that transiently enhance the energy reaching the divertor target plates. To shed light on their appearance, characteristics and energy reaching the divertor targets, a comparative study between two tokamaks — Alcator C-Mod and ASDEX Upgrade — is carried out. It is found that PREs appear only in a subset of I-mode discharges, mainly when the plasma is close to the H-mode transition. Also, a growing oscillating precursor before the PRE onset is observed in the region close to the separatrix in both devices, and a discussion on a possible triggering mechanism is outlined. The PRE relative energy loss from the confined region is found to increase with decreasing pedestal top collisionality ${\nu }_{\text{ped}}^{\ast }$. Similarly, also the relative electron temperature drop at the pedestal top, which is related to the conductive energy loss, rises with decreasing ${\nu }_{\text{ped}}^{\ast }$. Based on these relations, the PRE relative energy loss in future devices such as DEMO and ARC is estimated. Finally, the divertor peak energy fluence due to the PRE is measured on each device. Those values are then compared to the model introduced in Eich et al (2017 Nucl. Mater. Energy 12 84–90) for type-I edge localized modes. The model is shown to provide an upper boundary for PRE energy fluence data, while a lower boundary is found by dividing the model by three. These two boundaries are used to make projections of the PRE divertor energy fluence to DEMO and ARC.
Published: 2022

39. Overview of the TCV tokamak experimental programme

Author: Reimerdes, H., Agostini, M., Alessi, E., Alberti, S., Andrebe, Y., Arnichand, H., Balbin, J., Bagnato, F., Baquero-Ruiz, M., Bernert, M., Bin, W., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T. C., Boedo, J. A., Brida, D., Brunner, S., Bogar, C., Bogar, O., Bolzonella, T., Bombarda, F., Bouquey, F., Bowman, C., Brunetti, D., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Calacci, L., Camenen, Y., Carli, S., Carnevale, D., Carpanese, F., Causa, F., Cavalier, J., Cavedon, M., Cazabonne, J. A., Cerovsky, J., Chandra, R., Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi, A., Chellaï, O., Chmielewski, P., Choi, D., Ciraolo, G., Classen, I.G.J., Coda, S., Colandrea, C., Dal Molin, A., David, P., de Baar, M.R., Decker, J., Dekeyser, W., De Oliveira, H., Douai, D., Dreval, M., Dunne, M. G., Duval, B. P., Elmore, S., Embreus, O., Eriksson, F., Faitsch, M., Falchetto, G., Farnik, M., Fasoli, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fil, A., Fontana, M., Fransson, E., Frassinetti, L., Furno, I., Gahle, D. S., Galassi, D., Galazka, K., Galperti, C., Garavaglia, S., Garcia-Munoz, M., Geiger, B., Giacomin, M., Giruzzi, G., Gobbin, M., Golfinopoulos, T., Goodman, T., Gorno, S., Granucci, G., Graves, J. P., Griener, M., Gruca, M., Gyergyek, T., Haelterman, R., Hakola, A., Han, W., Happel, T., Harrer, G., Harrison, J. R., Henderson, S., Hogeweij, G. M.D., Hogge, J. P., Hoppe, M., Horacek, J., Huang, Z., Iantchenko, A., Innocente, P., Insulander Björk, K., Ionita-Schrittweiser, C., Isliker, H., Jardin, A., Jaspers, R.J.E., Karimov, R., Karpushov, A. N., Kazakov, Y., Komm, M., Kong, M., Kovacic, J., Krutkin, O., Kudlacek, O., Kumar, U., Kwiatkowski, R., Labit, B., Laguardia, L., Lammers, J.T., Laribi, E., Laszynska, E., Lazaros, A., Linder, O., Linehan, B., Lipschultz, B., Llobet, X., Loizu, J., Lunt, T., Macusova, E., Marandet, Y., Maraschek, M., Marceca, G., Marchetto, C., Marchioni, S., Marmar, E. S., Martin, Y., Martinelli, L., Matos, F., Maurizio, R., Mayoral, M. L., Mazon, D., Menkovski, V., Merle, A., Merlo, G., Meyer, H., Mikszuta-Michalik, K., Molina Cabrera, P. A., Morales, J., Moret, J. M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Muhammed, H., Myatra, O., Mykytchuk, D., Napoli, F., Nem, R.D., Nielsen, A. H., Nocente, M., Nowak, S., Offeddu, N., Olsen, J., Orsitto, F. P., Pan, O., Papp, G., Pau, A., Perek, A., Pesamosca, F., Peysson, Y., Pigatto, L., Piron, C., Poradzinski, M., Porte, L., Pütterich, T., Rabinski, M., Raj, H., Rasmussen, J. J., Rattá, G. A., Ravensbergen, T., Ricci, D., Ricci, P., Rispoli, N., Riva, F., Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F., Salewski, M., Sauter, O., Schmidt, B. S., Schrittweiser, R., Sharapov, S., Sheikh, U. A., Sieglin, B., Silva, M., Smolders, A., Snicker, A., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stagni, A., Stipani, L., Sun, G., Tala, T., Tamain, P., Tanaka, K., Tema Biwole, A., Terranova, D., Terry, J. L., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Thrysøe, A., Torreblanca, H., Tsui, C. K., Vaccaro, D., Vallar, M., van Berkel, M., Van Eester, D., van Kampen, R.J.R., van Mulders, S., Verhaegh, K., Verhaeghe, T., Vianello, N., Villone, F., Viezzer, E., Vincent, B., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vu, N. M.T., Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weisen, H., Wendler, N., Wensing, M., Widmer, F., Wiesen, S., Wischmeier, M., Wijkamp, T.A., Wünderlich, D., Wüthrich, C., Yanovskiy, V., Zebrowski, J., Reimerdes, H., Agostini, M., Alessi, E., Alberti, S., Andrebe, Y., Arnichand, H., Balbin, J., Bagnato, F., Baquero-Ruiz, M., Bernert, M., Bin, W., Blanchard, P., Blanken, T. C., Boedo, J. A., Brida, D., Brunner, S., Bogar, C., Bogar, O., Bolzonella, T., Bombarda, F., Bouquey, F., Bowman, C., Brunetti, D., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Calacci, L., Camenen, Y., Carli, S., Carnevale, D., Carpanese, F., Causa, F., Cavalier, J., Cavedon, M., Cazabonne, J. A., Cerovsky, J., Chandra, R., Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi, A., Chellaï, O., Chmielewski, P., Choi, D., Ciraolo, G., Classen, I.G.J., Coda, S., Colandrea, C., Dal Molin, A., David, P., de Baar, M.R., Decker, J., Dekeyser, W., De Oliveira, H., Douai, D., Dreval, M., Dunne, M. G., Duval, B. P., Elmore, S., Embreus, O., Eriksson, F., Faitsch, M., Falchetto, G., Farnik, M., Fasoli, A., Fedorczak, N., Felici, F., Février, O., Ficker, O., Fil, A., Fontana, M., Fransson, E., Frassinetti, L., Furno, I., Gahle, D. S., Galassi, D., Galazka, K., Galperti, C., Garavaglia, S., Garcia-Munoz, M., Geiger, B., Giacomin, M., Giruzzi, G., Gobbin, M., Golfinopoulos, T., Goodman, T., Gorno, S., Granucci, G., Graves, J. P., Griener, M., Gruca, M., Gyergyek, T., Haelterman, R., Hakola, A., Han, W., Happel, T., Harrer, G., Harrison, J. R., Henderson, S., Hogeweij, G. M.D., Hogge, J. P., Hoppe, M., Horacek, J., Huang, Z., Iantchenko, A., Innocente, P., Insulander Björk, K., Ionita-Schrittweiser, C., Isliker, H., Jardin, A., Jaspers, R.J.E., Karimov, R., Karpushov, A. N., Kazakov, Y., Komm, M., Kong, M., Kovacic, J., Krutkin, O., Kudlacek, O., Kumar, U., Kwiatkowski, R., Labit, B., Laguardia, L., Lammers, J.T., Laribi, E., Laszynska, E., Lazaros, A., Linder, O., Linehan, B., Lipschultz, B., Llobet, X., Loizu, J., Lunt, T., Macusova, E., Marandet, Y., Maraschek, M., Marceca, G., Marchetto, C., Marchioni, S., Marmar, E. S., Martin, Y., Martinelli, L., Matos, F., Maurizio, R., Mayoral, M. L., Mazon, D., Menkovski, V., Merle, A., Merlo, G., Meyer, H., Mikszuta-Michalik, K., Molina Cabrera, P. A., Morales, J., Moret, J. M., Moro, A., Moulton, D., Muhammed, H., Myatra, O., Mykytchuk, D., Napoli, F., Nem, R.D., Nielsen, A. H., Nocente, M., Nowak, S., Offeddu, N., Olsen, J., Orsitto, F. P., Pan, O., Papp, G., Pau, A., Perek, A., Pesamosca, F., Peysson, Y., Pigatto, L., Piron, C., Poradzinski, M., Porte, L., Pütterich, T., Rabinski, M., Raj, H., Rasmussen, J. J., Rattá, G. A., Ravensbergen, T., Ricci, D., Ricci, P., Rispoli, N., Riva, F., Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F., Salewski, M., Sauter, O., Schmidt, B. S., Schrittweiser, R., Sharapov, S., Sheikh, U. A., Sieglin, B., Silva, M., Smolders, A., Snicker, A., Sozzi, C., Spolaore, M., Stagni, A., Stipani, L., Sun, G., Tala, T., Tamain, P., Tanaka, K., Tema Biwole, A., Terranova, D., Terry, J. L., Testa, D., Theiler, C., Thornton, A., Thrysøe, A., Torreblanca, H., Tsui, C. K., Vaccaro, D., Vallar, M., van Berkel, M., Van Eester, D., van Kampen, R.J.R., van Mulders, S., Verhaegh, K., Verhaeghe, T., Vianello, N., Villone, F., Viezzer, E., Vincent, B., Voitsekhovitch, I., Vu, N. M.T., Walkden, N., Wauters, T., Weisen, H., Wendler, N., Wensing, M., Widmer, F., Wiesen, S., Wischmeier, M., Wijkamp, T.A., Wünderlich, D., Wüthrich, C., Yanovskiy, V., and Zebrowski, J.
Abstract: The tokamak à configuration variable (TCV) continues to leverage its unique shaping capabilities, flexible heating systems and modern control system to address critical issues in preparation for ITER and a fusion power plant. For the 2019-20 campaign its configurational flexibility has been enhanced with the installation of removable divertor gas baffles, its diagnostic capabilities with an extensive set of upgrades and its heating systems with new dual frequency gyrotrons. The gas baffles reduce coupling between the divertor and the main chamber and allow for detailed investigations on the role of fuelling in general and, together with upgraded boundary diagnostics, test divertor and edge models in particular. The increased heating capabilities broaden the operational regime to include Te/Ti ∼1 and have stimulated refocussing studies from L-mode to H-mode across a range of research topics. ITER baseline parameters were reached in type-I ELMy H-modes and alternative regimes with 'small' (or no) ELMs explored. Most prominently, negative triangularity was investigated in detail and confirmed as an attractive scenario with H-mode level core confinement but an L-mode edge. Emphasis was also placed on control, where an increased number of observers, actuators and control solutions became available and are now integrated into a generic control framework as will be needed in future devices. The quantity and quality of results of the 2019-20 TCV campaign are a testament to its successful integration within the European research effort alongside a vibrant domestic programme and international collaborations.
Published: 2022

40. Edge turbulence measurements in L-mode and I-mode at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Bielajew, R, Conway, GD, Griener, M, Happel, T, Höfler, K, Howard, NT, Hubbard, AE, McCarthy, W, Molina Cabrera, PA, Nishizawa, T, Rodriguez-Fernandez, P, Silvagni, D, Vanovac, B, Wendler, D, Yoo, C, White, AE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Bielajew, R, Conway, GD, Griener, M, Happel, T, Höfler, K, Howard, NT, Hubbard, AE, McCarthy, W, Molina Cabrera, PA, Nishizawa, T, Rodriguez-Fernandez, P, Silvagni, D, Vanovac, B, Wendler, D, Yoo, C, and White, AE
Abstract: The I-mode confinement regime is promising for future reactor operation due to high energy confinement without high particle confinement. However, the role of edge turbulence in creating I-mode's beneficial transport properties is still unknown. New measurements of edge turbulence ([Formula: see text]) in L-modes and I-modes at low and high densities at ASDEX Upgrade are presented in this paper. A high radial resolution correlation electron cyclotron emission radiometer measures the broadband turbulence throughout the L-mode and I-mode edge and pedestal. The weakly coherent mode (WCM) is measured in both L-mode and I-mode near the last closed flux surface with Te fluctuation levels of 2.3%–4.2%, with a frequency shift between the two phases related to a deeper Er well in I-mode. An [Formula: see text] phase diagnostic captures a change of the WCM [Formula: see text] phase between L-mode and I-mode from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text]. The thermal He beam diagnostic measures a WCM wavenumber range of −0.5 to −1.0 cm−1. A low-frequency edge oscillation (LFEO) appears in the I-mode phase of these discharges and displays coupling to the WCM, but the LFEO does not appear in the L-mode phase. Linear gyrokinetic simulations of the outer core and pedestal top turbulence indicate that while the dominant turbulent modes in the outer core are ion directed and electrostatic, the turbulence becomes increasingly electron directed and electromagnetic with increasing radius. Collisionality is not found to impact characteristics of the L-mode and I-mode edge turbulence with respect to the presence of the WCM; however, the quality of global confinement decreases with collisionality.
Published: 2022

41. Progress from ASDEX Upgrade experiments in preparing the physics basis of ITER operation and DEMO scenario development

Author: Stroth, U., primary, Aguiam, D., additional, Alessi, E., additional, Angioni, C., additional, Arden, N., additional, Parra, R. Arredondo, additional, Artigues, V., additional, Asunta, O., additional, Balden, M., additional, Bandaru, V., additional, Banon-Navarro, A., additional, Behler, K., additional, Bergmann, A., additional, Bergmann, M., additional, Bernardo, J., additional, Bernert, M., additional, Biancalani, A., additional, Bielajew, R., additional, Bilato, R., additional, Birkenmeier, G., additional, Blanken, T., additional, Bobkov, V., additional, Bock, A., additional, Body, T., additional, Bolzonella, T., additional, Bonanomi, N., additional, Bortolon, A., additional, Böswirth, B., additional, Bottereau, C., additional, Bottino, A., additional, van den Brand, H., additional, Brenzke, M., additional, Brezinsek, S., additional, Brida, D., additional, Brochard, F., additional, Bruhn, C., additional, Buchanan, J., additional, Buhler, A., additional, Burckhart, A., additional, Camenen, Y., additional, Cannas, B., additional, Megias, P. Cano, additional, Carlton, D., additional, Carr, M., additional, Carvalho, P., additional, Castaldo, C., additional, Cavedon, M., additional, Cazzaniga, C., additional, Challis, C., additional, Chankin, A., additional, Cianfarani, C., additional, Clairet, F., additional, Coda, S., additional, Coelho, R., additional, Coenen, J.W., additional, Colas, L., additional, Conway, G., additional, Costea, S., additional, Coster, D., additional, Cote, T., additional, Creely, A.J., additional, Croci, G., additional, Zabala, D.J. Cruz, additional, Cseh, G., additional, Czarnecka, A., additional, Cziegler, I., additional, D’Arcangelo, O., additional, Molin, A. Dal, additional, David, P., additional, Day, C., additional, de Baar, M., additional, de Marné, P., additional, Delogu, R., additional, Denk, S., additional, Denner, P., additional, Di Siena, A., additional, Palacios Durán, J.J. Dominguez, additional, Dunai, D., additional, Drenik, A., additional, Dreval, M., additional, Drube, R., additional, Dunne, M., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Dux, R., additional, Eich, T., additional, Elgeti, S., additional, Encheva, A., additional, Engelhardt, K., additional, Erdös, B., additional, Erofeev, I., additional, Esposito, B., additional, Fable, E., additional, Faitsch, M., additional, Fantz, U., additional, Farnik, M., additional, Faugel, H., additional, Felici, F., additional, Ficker, O., additional, Fietz, S., additional, Figueredo, A., additional, Fischer, R., additional, Ford, O., additional, Frassinetti, L., additional, Fröschle, M., additional, Fuchert, G., additional, Fuchs, J.C., additional, Fünfgelder, H., additional, Futatani, S., additional, Galazka, K., additional, Galdon-Quiroga, J., additional, Escolà, D. Gallart, additional, Gallo, A., additional, Gao, Y., additional, Garavaglia, S., additional, Muñoz, M. Garcia, additional, Geiger, B., additional, Giannone, L., additional, Gibson, S., additional, Gil, L., additional, Giovannozzi, E., additional, Glöggler, S., additional, Gobbin, M., additional, Martin, J. Gonzalez, additional, Goodman, T., additional, Gorini, G., additional, Görler, T., additional, Gradic, D., additional, Granucci, G., additional, Gräter, A., additional, Greuner, H., additional, Griener, M., additional, Groth, M., additional, Gude, A., additional, Guimarais, L., additional, Günter, S., additional, Haas, G., additional, Hakola, A.H., additional, Ham, C., additional, Happel, T., additional, den Harder, N., additional, Harrer, G., additional, Harrison, J., additional, Hauer, V., additional, Hayward-Schneider, T., additional, Heinemann, B., additional, Hellsten, T., additional, Henderson, S., additional, Hennequin, P., additional, Herrmann, A., additional, Heyn, E., additional, Hitzler, F., additional, Hobirk, J., additional, Höfler, K., additional, Holm, J.H., additional, Hölzl, M., additional, Hopf, C., additional, Horvath, L., additional, Höschen, T., additional, Houben, A., additional, Hubbard, A., additional, Huber, A., additional, Hunger, K., additional, Igochine, V., additional, Iliasova, M., additional, Ilkei, T., additional, Björk, K. Insulander, additional, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C., additional, Ivanova-Stanik, I., additional, Jacob, W., additional, Jaksic, N., additional, Janky, F., additional, Jansen van Vuuren, A., additional, Jardin, A., additional, Jaulmes, F., additional, Jenko, F., additional, Jensen, T., additional, Joffrin, E., additional, Kallenbach, A., additional, Kálvin, S., additional, Kantor, M., additional, Kappatou, A., additional, Kardaun, O., additional, Karhunen, J., additional, Käsemann, C.-P., additional, Kasilov, S., additional, Kendl, A., additional, Kernbichler, W., additional, Khilkevitch, E., additional, Kirk, A., additional, Hansen, S. Kjer, additional, Klevarova, V., additional, Kocsis, G., additional, Koleva, M., additional, Komm, M., additional, Kong, M., additional, Krämer-Flecken, A., additional, Krieger, K., additional, Krivska, A., additional, Kudlacek, O., additional, Kurki-Suonio, T., additional, Kurzan, B., additional, Labit, B., additional, Lackner, K., additional, Laggner, F., additional, Lahtinen, A., additional, Lang, P.T., additional, Lauber, P., additional, Leuthold, N., additional, Li, L., additional, Likonen, J., additional, Linder, O., additional, Lipschultz, B., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Lohs, A., additional, Lu, Z., additional, Luda di Cortemiglia, T., additional, Luhmann, N.C., additional, Lunt, T., additional, Lyssoivan, A., additional, Maceina, T., additional, Madsen, J., additional, Magnanimo, A., additional, Maier, H., additional, Mailloux, J., additional, Maingi, R., additional, Maj, O., additional, Maljaars, E., additional, Manas, P., additional, Mancini, A., additional, Manhard, A., additional, Mantica, P., additional, Mantsinen, M., additional, Manz, P., additional, Maraschek, M., additional, Marchetto, C., additional, Marrelli, L., additional, Martin, P., additional, Martitsch, A., additional, Matos, F., additional, Mayer, M., additional, Mayoral, M.-L., additional, Mazon, D., additional, McCarthy, P.J., additional, McDermott, R., additional, Merkel, R., additional, Merle, A., additional, Meshcheriakov, D., additional, Meyer, H., additional, Milanesio, D., additional, Cabrera, P. Molina, additional, Monaco, F., additional, Muraca, M., additional, Nabais, F., additional, Naulin, V., additional, Nazikian, R., additional, Nem, R.D., additional, Nemes-Czopf, A., additional, Neu, G., additional, Neu, R., additional, Nielsen, A.H., additional, Nielsen, S.K., additional, Nishizawa, T., additional, Nocente, M., additional, Noterdaeme, J.-M., additional, Novikau, I., additional, Nowak, S., additional, Oberkofler, M., additional, Ochoukov, R., additional, Olsen, J., additional, Orain, F., additional, Palermo, F., additional, Pan, O., additional, Papp, G., additional, Perez, I. Paradela, additional, Pau, A., additional, Pautasso, G., additional, Paz-Soldan, C., additional, Petersson, P., additional, Piovesan, P., additional, Piron, C., additional, Plank, U., additional, Plaum, B., additional, Plöck, B., additional, Plyusnin, V., additional, Pokol, G., additional, Poli, E., additional, Porte, L., additional, Pütterich, T., additional, Ramisch, M., additional, Rasmussen, J., additional, Ratta, G., additional, Ratynskaia, S., additional, Raupp, G., additional, Réfy, D., additional, Reich, M., additional, Reimold, F., additional, Reiser, D., additional, Reisner, M., additional, Reiter, D., additional, Ribeiro, T., additional, Riedl, R., additional, Riesch, J., additional, Rittich, D., additional, Rodriguez, J.F. Rivero, additional, Rocchi, G., additional, Rodriguez-Fernandez, P., additional, Rodriguez-Ramos, M., additional, Rohde, V., additional, Ronchi, G., additional, Ross, A., additional, Rott, M., additional, Rubel, M., additional, Ryan, D.A., additional, Ryter, F., additional, Saarelma, S., additional, Salewski, M., additional, Salmi, A., additional, Samoylov, O., additional, Sanchez, L. Sanchis, additional, Santos, J., additional, Sauter, O., additional, Schall, G., additional, Schlüter, K., additional, Schmid, K., additional, Schmitz, O., additional, Schneider, P.A., additional, Schrittwieser, R., additional, Schubert, M., additional, Schuster, C., additional, Schwarz-Selinger, T., additional, Schweinzer, J., additional, Seliunin, E., additional, Shabbir, A., additional, Shalpegin, A., additional, Sharapov, S., additional, Sheikh, U., additional, Shevelev, A., additional, Sias, G., additional, Siccinio, M., additional, Sieglin, B., additional, Sigalov, A., additional, Silva, A., additional, Silva, C., additional, Silvagni, D., additional, Simpson, J., additional, Sipilä, S., additional, Smigelskis, E., additional, Snicker, A., additional, Solano, E., additional, Sommariva, C., additional, Sozzi, C., additional, Spizzo, G., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Stegmeir, A., additional, Stejner, M., additional, Stober, J., additional, Strumberge, E., additional, Lopez, G. Suarez, additional, Sun, H.-J., additional, Suttrop, W., additional, Sytova, E., additional, Szepesi, T., additional, Tál, B., additional, Tala, T., additional, Tardini, G., additional, Tardocchi, M., additional, Terranova, D., additional, Teschke, M., additional, Thorén, E., additional, Tierens, W., additional, Told, D., additional, Treutterer, W., additional, Trevisan, G., additional, Trier, E., additional, Tripský, M., additional, Usoltceva, M., additional, Valisa, M., additional, Valovic, M., additional, van Zeeland, M., additional, Vannini, F., additional, Vanovac, B., additional, Varela, P., additional, Varoutis, S., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Vicente, J., additional, Verdoolaege, G., additional, Vierle, T., additional, Viezzer, E., additional, Voitsekhovitch, I., additional, von Toussaint, U., additional, Wagner, D., additional, Wang, X., additional, Weiland, M., additional, White, A.E., additional, Willensdorfer, M., additional, Wiringer, B., additional, Wischmeier, M., additional, Wolf, R., additional, Wolfrum, E., additional, Yang, Q., additional, Yu, Q., additional, Zagórski, R., additional, Zammuto, I., additional, Zehetbauer, T., additional, Zhang, W., additional, Zholobenko, W., additional, Zilker, M., additional, Zito, A., additional, Zohm, H., additional, Zoletnik, S., additional, and EUROfusion MST1 Team, the, additional
Published: 2022
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42. Overview of the TCV tokamak experimental programme

Author: Reimerdes, H., primary, Agostini, M., additional, Alessi, E., additional, Alberti, S., additional, Andrebe, Y., additional, Arnichand, H., additional, Balbin, J., additional, Bagnato, F., additional, Baquero-Ruiz, M., additional, Bernert, M., additional, Bin, W., additional, Blanchard, P., additional, Blanken, T.C., additional, Boedo, J.A., additional, Brida, D., additional, Brunner, S., additional, Bogar, C., additional, Bogar, O., additional, Bolzonella, T., additional, Bombarda, F., additional, Bouquey, F., additional, Bowman, C., additional, Brunetti, D., additional, Buermans, J., additional, Bufferand, H., additional, Calacci, L., additional, Camenen, Y., additional, Carli, S., additional, Carnevale, D., additional, Carpanese, F., additional, Causa, F., additional, Cavalier, J., additional, Cavedon, M., additional, Cazabonne, J.A., additional, Cerovsky, J., additional, Chandra, R., additional, Chandrarajan Jayalekshmi, A., additional, Chellaï, O., additional, Chmielewski, P., additional, Choi, D., additional, Ciraolo, G., additional, Classen, I.G.J., additional, Coda, S., additional, Colandrea, C., additional, Dal Molin, A., additional, David, P., additional, de Baar, M.R., additional, Decker, J., additional, Dekeyser, W., additional, de Oliveira, H., additional, Douai, D., additional, Dreval, M., additional, Dunne, M.G., additional, Duval, B.P., additional, Elmore, S., additional, Embreus, O., additional, Eriksson, F., additional, Faitsch, M., additional, Falchetto, G., additional, Farnik, M., additional, Fasoli, A., additional, Fedorczak, N., additional, Felici, F., additional, Février, O., additional, Ficker, O., additional, Fil, A., additional, Fontana, M., additional, Fransson, E., additional, Frassinetti, L., additional, Furno, I., additional, Gahle, D.S., additional, Galassi, D., additional, Galazka, K., additional, Galperti, C., additional, Garavaglia, S., additional, Garcia-Munoz, M., additional, Geiger, B., additional, Giacomin, M., additional, Giruzzi, G., additional, Gobbin, M., additional, Golfinopoulos, T., additional, Goodman, T., additional, Gorno, S., additional, Granucci, G., additional, Graves, J.P., additional, Griener, M., additional, Gruca, M., additional, Gyergyek, T., additional, Haelterman, R., additional, Hakola, A., additional, Han, W., additional, Happel, T., additional, Harrer, G., additional, Harrison, J.R., additional, Henderson, S., additional, Hogeweij, G.M.D., additional, Hogge, J.-P., additional, Hoppe, M., additional, Horacek, J., additional, Huang, Z., additional, Iantchenko, A., additional, Innocente, P., additional, Insulander Björk, K., additional, Ionita-Schrittweiser, C., additional, Isliker, H., additional, Jardin, A., additional, Jaspers, R.J.E., additional, Karimov, R., additional, Karpushov, A.N., additional, Kazakov, Y., additional, Komm, M., additional, Kong, M., additional, Kovacic, J., additional, Krutkin, O., additional, Kudlacek, O., additional, Kumar, U., additional, Kwiatkowski, R., additional, Labit, B., additional, Laguardia, L., additional, Lammers, J.T., additional, Laribi, E., additional, Laszynska, E., additional, Lazaros, A., additional, Linder, O., additional, Linehan, B., additional, Lipschultz, B., additional, Llobet, X., additional, Loizu, J., additional, Lunt, T., additional, Macusova, E., additional, Marandet, Y., additional, Maraschek, M., additional, Marceca, G., additional, Marchetto, C., additional, Marchioni, S., additional, Marmar, E.S., additional, Martin, Y., additional, Martinelli, L., additional, Matos, F., additional, Maurizio, R., additional, Mayoral, M.-L., additional, Mazon, D., additional, Menkovski, V., additional, Merle, A., additional, Merlo, G., additional, Meyer, H., additional, Mikszuta-Michalik, K., additional, Molina Cabrera, P.A., additional, Morales, J., additional, Moret, J.-M., additional, Moro, A., additional, Moulton, D., additional, Muhammed, H., additional, Myatra, O., additional, Mykytchuk, D., additional, Napoli, F., additional, Nem, R.D., additional, Nielsen, A.H., additional, Nocente, M., additional, Nowak, S., additional, Offeddu, N., additional, Olsen, J., additional, Orsitto, F.P., additional, Pan, O., additional, Papp, G., additional, Pau, A., additional, Perek, A., additional, Pesamosca, F., additional, Peysson, Y., additional, Pigatto, L., additional, Piron, C., additional, Poradzinski, M., additional, Porte, L., additional, Pütterich, T., additional, Rabinski, M., additional, Raj, H., additional, Rasmussen, J.J., additional, Rattá, G.A., additional, Ravensbergen, T., additional, Ricci, D., additional, Ricci, P., additional, Rispoli, N., additional, Riva, F., additional, Rivero-Rodriguez, J.F., additional, Salewski, M., additional, Sauter, O., additional, Schmidt, B.S., additional, Schrittweiser, R., additional, Sharapov, S., additional, Sheikh, U.A., additional, Sieglin, B., additional, Silva, M., additional, Smolders, A., additional, Snicker, A., additional, Sozzi, C., additional, Spolaore, M., additional, Stagni, A., additional, Stipani, L., additional, Sun, G., additional, Tala, T., additional, Tamain, P., additional, Tanaka, K., additional, Tema Biwole, A., additional, Terranova, D., additional, Terry, J.L., additional, Testa, D., additional, Theiler, C., additional, Thornton, A., additional, Thrysøe, A., additional, Torreblanca, H., additional, Tsui, C.K., additional, Vaccaro, D., additional, Vallar, M., additional, van Berkel, M., additional, Van Eester, D., additional, van Kampen, R.J.R., additional, Van Mulders, S., additional, Verhaegh, K., additional, Verhaeghe, T., additional, Vianello, N., additional, Villone, F., additional, Viezzer, E., additional, Vincent, B., additional, Voitsekhovitch, I., additional, Vu, N.M.T., additional, Walkden, N., additional, Wauters, T., additional, Weisen, H., additional, Wendler, N., additional, Wensing, M., additional, Widmer, F., additional, Wiesen, S., additional, Wischmeier, M., additional, Wijkamp, T.A., additional, Wünderlich, D., additional, Wüthrich, C., additional, Yanovskiy, V., additional, Zebrowski, J., additional, and EUROfusion MST1 Team, the, additional
Published: 2022
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43. Overview of the TCV tokamak experimental programme

Author: Reimerdes, H. Agostini, M. Alessi, E. Alberti, S. and Andrebe, Y. Arnichand, H. Balbin, J. Bagnato, F. and Baquero-Ruiz, M. Bernert, M. Bin, W. Blanchard, P. and Blanken, T. C. Boedo, J. A. Brida, D. Brunner, S. Bogar, C. Bogar, O. Bolzonella, T. Bombarda, F. Bouquey, F. and Bowman, C. Brunetti, D. Buermans, J. Bufferand, H. and Calacci, L. Camenen, Y. Carli, S. Carnevale, D. and Carpanese, F. Causa, F. Cavalier, J. Cavedon, M. and Cazabonne, J. A. Cerovsky, J. Chandra, R. Jayalekshmi, A. Chandrarajan Chellai, O. Chmielewski, P. Choi, D. and Ciraolo, G. Classen, I. G. J. Coda, S. Colandrea, C. Dal Molin, A. David, P. de Baar, M. R. Decker, J. Dekeyser, W. de Oliveira, H. Douai, D. Dreval, M. Dunne, M. G. and Duval, B. P. Elmore, S. Embreus, O. Eriksson, F. and Faitsch, M. Falchetto, G. Farnik, M. Fasoli, A. and Fedorczak, N. Felici, F. Fevrier, O. Ficker, O. Fil, A. and Fontana, M. Fransson, E. Frassinetti, L. Furno, I and Gahle, D. S. Galassi, D. Galazka, K. Galperti, C. and Garavaglia, S. Garcia-Munoz, M. Geiger, B. Giacomin, M. and Giruzzi, G. Gobbin, M. Golfinopoulos, T. Goodman, T. and Gorno, S. Granucci, G. Graves, J. P. Griener, M. Gruca, M. Gyergyek, T. Haelterman, R. Hakola, A. Han, W. and Happel, T. Harrer, G. Harrison, J. R. Henderson, S. and Hogeweij, G. M. D. Hogge, J-P Hoppe, M. Horacek, J. and Huang, Z. Iantchenko, A. Innocente, P. Bjork, K. Insulander and Ionita-Schrittweiser, C. Isliker, H. Jardin, A. Jaspers, R. J. E. Karimov, R. Karpushov, A. N. Kazakov, Y. Komm, M. Kong, M. Kovacic, J. Krutkin, O. Kudlacek, O. and Kumar, U. Kwiatkowski, R. Labit, B. Laguardia, L. and Lammers, J. T. Laribi, E. Laszynska, E. Lazaros, A. and Linder, O. Linehan, B. Lipschultz, B. Llobet, X. Loizu, J. Lunt, T. Macusova, E. Marandet, Y. Maraschek, M. and Marceca, G. Marchetto, C. Marchioni, S. Marmar, E. S. and Martin, Y. Martinelli, L. Matos, F. Maurizio, R. and Mayoral, M-L Mazon, D. Menkovski, V Merle, A. Merlo, G. and Meyer, H. Mikszuta-Michalik, K. Cabrera, P. A. Molina and Morales, J. Moret, J-M Moro, A. Moulton, D. Muhammed, H. and Myatra, O. Mykytchuk, D. Napoli, F. Nem, R. D. and Nielsen, A. H. Nocente, M. Nowak, S. Offeddu, N. Olsen, J. Orsitto, F. P. Pan, O. Papp, G. Pau, A. Perek, A. and Pesamosca, F. Peysson, Y. Pigatto, L. Piron, C. and Poradzinski, M. Porte, L. Putterich, T. Rabinski, M. and Raj, H. Rasmussen, J. J. Ratta, G. A. Ravensbergen, T. and Ricci, D. Ricci, P. Rispoli, N. Riva, F. and Rivero-Rodriguez, J. F. Salewski, M. Sauter, O. Schmidt, B. S. Schrittweiser, R. Sharapov, S. Sheikh, U. A. Sieglin, B. Silva, M. Smolders, A. Snicker, A. Sozzi, C. and Spolaore, M. Stagni, A. Stipani, L. Sun, G. Tala, T. and Tamain, P. Tanaka, K. Biwole, A. Tema Terranova, D. and Terry, J. L. Testa, D. Theiler, C. Thornton, A. Thrysoe, A. Torreblanca, H. Tsui, C. K. Vaccaro, D. Vallar, M. and van Berkel, M. Van Eester, D. van Kampen, R. J. R. Van Mulders, S. Verhaegh, K. Verhaeghe, T. Vianello, N. and Villone, F. Viezzer, E. Vincent, B. Voitsekhovitch, I and Vu, N. M. T. Walkden, N. Wauters, T. Weisen, H. Wendler, N. Wensing, M. Widmer, F. Wiesen, S. Wischmeier, M. and Wijkamp, T. A. Wunderlich, D. Wuthrich, C. Yanovskiy, V and Zebrowski, J. EUROfusion MST1 Team
Abstract: The tokamak a configuration variable (TCV) continues to leverage its unique shaping capabilities, flexible heating systems and modern control system to address critical issues in preparation for ITER and a fusion power plant. For the 2019-20 campaign its configurational flexibility has been enhanced with the installation of removable divertor gas baffles, its diagnostic capabilities with an extensive set of upgrades and its heating systems with new dual frequency gyrotrons. The gas baffles reduce coupling between the divertor and the main chamber and allow for detailed investigations on the role of fuelling in general and, together with upgraded boundary diagnostics, test divertor and edge models in particular. The increased heating capabilities broaden the operational regime to include T (e)/T (i) similar to 1 and have stimulated refocussing studies from L-mode to H-mode across a range of research topics. ITER baseline parameters were reached in type-I ELMy H-modes and alternative regimes with `small' (or no) ELMs explored. Most prominently, negative triangularity was investigated in detail and confirmed as an attractive scenario with H-mode level core confinement but an L-mode edge. Emphasis was also placed on control, where an increased number of observers, actuators and control solutions became available and are now integrated into a generic control framework as will be needed in future devices. The quantity and quality of results of the 2019-20 TCV campaign are a testament to its successful integration within the European research effort alongside a vibrant domestic programme and international collaborations.
Published: 2022

44. Experimental Investigations of the H-mode Access in Mixed Hydrogen-Deuterium Plasmas at ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Plank, U., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1509-4308, Pütterich, T., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8487-4973, Angioni, C., Conway, G., Dux, R., Happel, T., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4364-9363, Bonanomi, N., https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-3330, Cavedon, M., Gil, L., McDermott, R., https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8958-8714, Schneider, P., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7257-3412, and ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society
Published: 2022

45. Using Fullwave Simulations to Understand the Turbulent Wavenumber Spectrum Measured by Doppler Reflectometry

Author: Lechte C., Conway G. D., Görler T., Happel T., and Tröster-Schmid C.
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Published: 2018
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46. Progress towards a quiescent, high confinement regime for the all-metal ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Viezzer, E., Solano, E. R., Cano-Megias, P., Cruz-Zabala, D. J., Pablo Oyola, Karagianni, C., Meyer, H., Hobirk, J., Bielajew, R., Cavedon, M., Dunne, M., Happel, T., Maraschek, M., Mcdermott, R. M., Merle, A., Suttrop, W., Vanovac, B., Willensdorfer, M., Viezzer, E, Solano, E, Cano-Megias, P, Cruz-Zabala, D, Oyola, P, Karagianni, C, Meyer, H, Hobirk, J, Bielajew, R, Cavedon, M, Dunne, M, Happel, T, Maraschek, M, Mcdermott, R, Merle, A, Suttrop, W, Vanovac, B, Willensdorfer, M, EUROfusion MST1 Team, and ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society
Subjects: fusione
Abstract: Transient QH-modes up to 500 ms were observed for the first time in the all-W tokamak ASDEX Upgrade. The signatures of the EHO were observed in several diagnostics. The QHmode appears at the low density, high temperature branch, with the pedestal close to the kinkpeeling boundary. Future work focusses on extending the QH-mode to stationarity.
Published: 2021

47. Experimental study of the impact of ion orbit losses on the edge radial electric field at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

Author: Cano-Megias, P., Viezzer, E., Brzozowski, R., Plank, U., Cavedon, M., Happel, T., Höfler, K., Cruz-Zabala, D., Dux, R., Griener, M., Hobirk, J., Jansen van Vuuren, A., Pütterich, T., Chacartegui, R., Cano-Megias, P, Viezzer, E, Brzozowski, R, Plank, U, Cavedon, M, Happel, T, Hofler, K, Cruz-Zabala, D, Dux, R, Griener, M, Hobirk, J, Van Vuuren, A, Putterich, T, Chacartegui, R, and ASDEX Upgrade Team, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Max Planck Society
Subjects: plasma
Published: 2021

48. Overview of initial negative triangularity plasma studies on the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak.

Author: Happel, T., Pütterich, T., Told, D., Dunne, M., Fischer, R., Hobirk, J., McDermott, R.M., Plank, U., and the, ASDEX Upgrade Team
Subjects: *TOKAMAKS, *PLASMA beam injection heating, *CYCLOTRON resonance, *ION temperature, *NEUTRAL beams, *PLASMA boundary layers
Abstract: An overview of results of negative triangularity (NT) studies from the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak (AUG) is given. Moderate values of the triangularity in the range of δ average ≈ −0.2 have been obtained. Results from both unfavorable and favorable magnetic configuration in terms of high-confinement mode (H-mode) access are presented. In unfavorable configuration, the ion grad B drift points away from the active x-point, which usually results in a factor of 2 higher power thresholds to enter H-mode. In unfavorable configuration, low-confinement mode (L-mode) operation is confirmed at high auxiliary heating input powers 10$?> > 10 MW at low collisionality. Under these conditions, plasmas with positive triangularity (PT) are usually in H-mode. Highest plasma energies have been obtained using a combination of neutral beam injection, electron- and ion cyclotron resonance heating, where values of the plasma beta of β N ≈ 1.7 have been reached in L-mode. While discharges with mixed auxiliary heating power input show moderate confinement on L-mode levels, plasmas heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating show H-mode like confinement. Operation in favorable configuration, however, leads to H-mode with type-I edge localized modes (ELMs). The power required for the L–H transition is comparable to the typical L–H power threshold in PT cases ( < 2.6 MW), and good confinement of typical PT H-modes is obtained. The ELM frequency is demonstrated to reach 700 Hz. These results show a clear effect of the NT configuration on the ELM behavior in H-modes, and that on AUG, unfavorable configuration is an essential ingredient if H-mode operation is to be avoided in NT plasmas. So far, in all AUG NT plasmas, power degradation is observed. Initial gyrokinetic simulations of the edge plasma in unfavorable configuration reveal the ion-temperature gradient mode as the fastest growing mode with a subdominant trapped-electron-mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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49. Dependence on plasma shape and plasma fueling for small edge-localized mode regimes in TCV and ASDEX Upgrade

Author: Labit, B, Eich, T, Harrer, G, Wolfrum, E, Bernert, M, Dunne, M, Frassinetti, L, Hennequin, P, Maurizio, R, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Saarelma, S, Sheikh, U, Adamek, J, Agostini, M, Aguiam, D, Akers, R, Albanese, R, Albert, C, Alessi, E, Ambrosino, R, Andr be, Y, Angioni, C, Apruzzese, G, Aradi, M, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Avdeeva, G, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Bandaru, V, Barnes, M, Barrera-Orte, L, Bettini, P, Bilato, R, Biletskyi, O, Bilkova, P, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Boeyaert, D, Bogar, K, Bogar, O, Bohm, P, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Boncagni, L, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brunetti, D, Bucalossi, J, Buchanan, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buller, S, Buratti, P, Burckhart, A, Calabr, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Cannas, B, Cano Megias, P, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Cathey, A, Causa, F, Cavedon, M, Cecconello, M, Ceccuzzi, S, Cerovsky, J, Chapman, S, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Cianfarani, C, Ciraolo, G, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Colas, L, Colette, D, Cordaro, L, Cordella, F, Costea, S, Coster, D, Cruz Zabala, D, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Cziegler, I, D'Arcangelo, O, Dal Molin, A, David, P, De Carolis, G, De Oliveira, H, Decker, J, Dejarnac, R, Delogu, R, Den Harder, N, Dimitrova, M, Dolizy, F, Dominguez-Palacios Duran, J, Douai, D, Drenik, A, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunai, D, Duval, B, Dux, R, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Erds, B, Fable, E, Faitsch, M, Fanni, A, Farnik, M, Faust, I, Faustin, J, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferreira, J, Ferr, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Figini, L, Figueiredo, A, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Francesco, M, Fuchs, C, Futatani, S, Gabellieri, L, Gadariya, D, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Galeani, S, Gallart, D, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Lopez, J, Garcia-Mu oz, M, Garzotti, L, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giacomelli, L, Giannone, L, Gibson, S, Gil, L, Giovannozzi, E, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Gonzalez-Martin, J, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Grekov, D, Grenfell, G, Griener, M, Groth, M, Grover, O, Gruca, M, Gude, A, Guimarais, L, Gyergyek, T, Hacek, P, Hakola, A, Ham, C, Happel, T, Harrison, J, Havranek, A, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hesslow, L, Hitzler, F, Hnat, B, Hobirk, J, Hoelzl, M, Hogeweij, D, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Hron, M, Huang, Z, Iantchenko, A, Iglesias, D, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacobsen, A, Jakubowski, M, Janky, F, Jardin, A, Jaulmes, F, Jensen, T, Jonsson, T, Kallenbach, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kelemen, M, Kendl, A, Kernbichler, W, Kirk, A, Kocsis, G, Komm, M, Kong, M, Korovin, V, Koubiti, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Krieger, K, Kripner, L, Krivska, A, Kudlacek, O, Kulyk, Y, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwiatkowski, R, Laggner, F, Laguardia, L, Lahtinen, A, Lang, P, Likonen, J, Lipschultz, B, Liu, F, Lombroni, R, Lorenzini, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maggiora, R, Maljaars, B, Manas, P, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manz, P, Maraschek, M, Marchenko, V, Marchetto, C, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Markovic, T, Marrelli, L, Martin, P, Martin Solis, J, Martitsch, A, Mastrostefano, S, Matos, F, Matthews, G, Mayoral, M, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mc Carthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mcdermott, R, Mcmillan, B, Meineri, C, Menkovski, V, Meshcheriakov, D, Messmer, M, Micheletti, D, Milanesio, D, Militello, F, Miron, I, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Moulton, D, Nabais, F, Naulin, V, Naydenkova, D, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Newton, S, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nikolaeva, V, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Oberkofler, M, Ochoukov, R, Ollus, P, Olsen, J, Omotani, J, Ongena, J, Orain, F, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Panaccione, L, Panek, R, Panjan, M, Papp, G, Paradela Perez, I, Parra, F, Passeri, M, Pau, A, Pautasso, G, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Radolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Peterka, M, Petrzilka, V, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Piron, L, Plyusnin, V, Pokol, G, Poli, E, Poloskei, P, Popov, T, Popovic, Z, Por, G, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Juul Rasmussen, J, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Ravensbergen, T, Refy, D, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reiser, D, Reux, C, Reznik, S, Ricci, D, Rispoli, N, Rivero-Rodriguez, J, Rocchi, G, Rodriguez-Ramos, M, Romano, A, Rosato, J, Rubinacci, G, Rubino, G, Ryan, D, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Samaddar, D, Sanchis-Sanchez, L, Santos, J, Sarkimaki, K, Sassano, M, Sauter, O, Scannell, R, Scheffer, M, Schneider, B, Schneider, P, Schrittwieser, R, Schubert, M, Seidl, J, Seliunin, E, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sias, G, Sieglin, B, Silva, C, Sipila, S, Smith, S, Snicker, A, Solano, E, Hansen, S, Soria-Hoyo, C, Sorokovoy, E, Sozzi, C, Sperduti, A, Spizzo, G, Spolaore, M, Stejner, M, Stipani, L, Stober, J, Strand, P, Sun, H, Suttrop, W, Sytnykov, D, Szepesi, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Tardini, G, Tardocchi, M, Teplukhina, A, Terranova, D, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thoren, E, Thornton, A, Tilia, B, Tolias, P, Tomes, M, Toscano-Jimenez, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Tudisco, O, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Vallejos Olivares, P, Valovic, M, Van Vugt, D, Vanovac, B, Varje, J, Varju, J, Varoutis, S, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Vega, J, Verdoolaege, G, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Viezzer, E, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Voltolina, D, Vondracek, P, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weinzettl, V, Wensing, M, Wiesen, S, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Willensdorfer, M, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Xiang, L, Zagorski, R, Zaloga, D, Zanca, P, Zaplotnik, R, Zebrowski, J, Zhang, W, Zisis, A, Zoletnik, S, Zuin, M, Labit B., Eich T., Harrer G. F., Wolfrum E., Bernert M., Dunne M. G., Frassinetti L., Hennequin P., Maurizio R., Merle A., Meyer H., Saarelma S., Sheikh U., Adamek J., Agostini M., Aguiam D., Akers R., Albanese R., Albert C., Alessi E., Ambrosino R., Andr be Y., Angioni C., Apruzzese G., Aradi M., Arnichand H., Auriemma F., Avdeeva G., Ayllon-Guerola J. M., Bagnato F., Bandaru V. K., Barnes M., Barrera-Orte L., Bettini P., Bilato R., Biletskyi O., Bilkova P., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T., Bobkov V., Bock A., Boeyaert D., Bogar K., Bogar O., Bohm P., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Boncagni L., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brezinsek S., Brida D., Brunetti D., Bucalossi J., Buchanan J., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buller S., Buratti P., Burckhart A., Calabr G., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Cannas B., Cano Megias P., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Carr M., Carralero D., Carraro L., Casolari A., Cathey A., Causa F., Cavedon M., Cecconello M., Ceccuzzi S., Cerovsky J., Chapman S., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Cianfarani C., Ciraolo G., Coda S., Coelho R., Colas L., Colette D., Cordaro L., Cordella F., Costea S., Coster D., Cruz Zabala D. J., Cseh G., Czarnecka A., Cziegler I., D'Arcangelo O., Dal Molin A., David P., De Carolis G., De Oliveira H., Decker J., Dejarnac R., Delogu R., Den Harder N., Dimitrova M., Dolizy F., Dominguez-Palacios Duran J. J., Douai D., Drenik A., Dreval M., Dudson B., Dunai D., Duval B. P., Dux R., Elmore S., Embreus O., Erds B., Fable E., Faitsch M., Fanni A., Farnik M., Faust I., Faustin J., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Feng S., Feng X., Ferreira J., Ferr G., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Figini L., Figueiredo A., Fil A., Fontana M., Francesco M., Fuchs C., Futatani S., Gabellieri L., Gadariya D., Gahle D., Galassi D., Galazka K., Galdon-Quiroga J., Galeani S., Gallart D., Gallo A., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia J., Garcia-Lopez J., Garcia-Mu oz M., Garzotti L., Gath J., Geiger B., Giacomelli L., Giannone L., Gibson S., Gil L., Giovannozzi E., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Gonzalez-Martin J., Goodman T. P., Gorini G., Gospodarczyk M., GRANUCCI, GUSTAVO, Grekov D., Grenfell G., Griener M., Groth M., Grover O., Gruca M., Gude A., Guimarais L., Gyergyek T., Hacek P., Hakola A., Ham C., Happel T., Harrison J., Havranek A., Hawke J., Henderson S., Hesslow L., Hitzler F., Hnat B., Hobirk J., Hoelzl M., Hogeweij D., Hopf C., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Hron M., Huang Z., Iantchenko A., Iglesias D., Igochine V., Innocente P., Ionita-Schrittwieser C., Isliker H., Ivanova-Stanik I., Jacobsen A., Jakubowski M., Janky F., Jardin A., Jaulmes F., Jensen T., Jonsson T., Kallenbach A., Kappatou A., Karpushov A., Kasilov S., Kazakov Y., Kazantzidis P. V., Keeling D., Kelemen M., Kendl A., Kernbichler W., Kirk A., Kocsis G., Komm M., Kong M., Korovin V., Koubiti M., Kovacic J., Krawczyk N., Krieger K., Kripner L., Krivska A., Kudlacek O., Kulyk Y., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwiatkowski R., Laggner F., Laguardia L., Lahtinen A., Lang P., Likonen J., Lipschultz B., Liu F., Lombroni R., Lorenzini R., Loschiavo V. P., Lunt T., MacUsova E., Madsen J., Maggiora R., Maljaars B., Manas P., Mantica P., Mantsinen M. J., Manz P., Maraschek M., Marchenko V., Marchetto C., MARIANI, ALBERTO, Marini C., Markovic T., Marrelli L., Martin P., Martin Solis J. R., Martitsch A., Mastrostefano S., Matos F., Matthews G., Mayoral M. -L., Mazon D., Mazzotta C., Mc Carthy P., McClements K., McDermott R., McMillan B., Meineri C., Menkovski V., Meshcheriakov D., Messmer M., Micheletti D., Milanesio D., Militello F., Miron I. G., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Molina Cabrera P. A., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Moulton D., Nabais F., Naulin V., Naydenkova D., Nem R. D., Nespoli F., Newton S., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nikolaeva V., Nocente M., Nowak S., Oberkofler M., Ochoukov R., Ollus P., Olsen J., Omotani J., Ongena J., Orain F., Orsitto F. P., Paccagnella R., Palha A., Panaccione L., Panek R., Panjan M., Papp G., Paradela Perez I., Parra F., Passeri M., Pau A., Pautasso G., Pavlichenko R., Perek A., Pericoli Radolfini V., Pesamosca F., Peterka M., Petrzilka V., Piergotti V., Pigatto L., Piovesan P., Piron C., Piron L., Plyusnin V., Pokol G., Poli E., Poloskei P., Popov T., Popovic Z., Por G., Porte L., Pucella G., Puiatti M. E., Putterich T., Rabinski M., Juul Rasmussen J., Rasmussen J., Ratta G. A., Ratynskaia S., Ravensbergen T., Refy D., Reich M., Reimerdes H., Reimold F., Reiser D., Reux C., Reznik S., Ricci D., Rispoli N., Rivero-Rodriguez J. F., Rocchi G., Rodriguez-Ramos M., Romano A., Rosato J., Rubinacci G., Rubino G., Ryan D. A., Salewski M., Salmi A., Samaddar D., Sanchis-Sanchez L., Santos J., Sarkimaki K., Sassano M., Sauter O., Scannell R., Scheffer M., Schneider B. S., Schneider P., Schrittwieser R., Schubert M., Seidl J., Seliunin E., Sharapov S., Sheeba R. R., Sias G., Sieglin B., Silva C., Sipila S., Smith S., Snicker A., Solano E. R., Hansen S. K., Soria-Hoyo C., Sorokovoy E., Sozzi C., Sperduti A., Spizzo G., Spolaore M., Stejner M., Stipani L., Stober J., Strand P., Sun H., Suttrop W., Sytnykov D., Szepesi T., Tal B., Tala T., Tardini G., Tardocchi M., Teplukhina A., Terranova D., Testa D., Theiler C., Thoren E., Thornton A., Tilia B., Tolias P., Tomes M., Toscano-Jimenez M., Tsironis C., Tsui C., Tudisco O., Urban J., Valisa M., Vallar M., Vallejos Olivares P., Valovic M., Van Vugt D., Vanovac B., Varje J., Varju J., Varoutis S., Vartanian S., Vasilovici O., Vega J., Verdoolaege G., Verhaegh K., Vermare L., Vianello N., Vicente J., Viezzer E., Villone F., Voitsekhovitch I., Voltolina D., Vondracek P., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weiland M., Weinzettl V., Wensing M., Wiesen S., Wiesenberger M., Wilkie G., Willensdorfer M., Wischmeier M., Wu K., Xiang L., Zagorski R., Zaloga D., Zanca P., Zaplotnik R., Zebrowski J., Zhang W., Zisis A., Zoletnik S., Zuin M., Labit, B, Eich, T, Harrer, G, Wolfrum, E, Bernert, M, Dunne, M, Frassinetti, L, Hennequin, P, Maurizio, R, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Saarelma, S, Sheikh, U, Adamek, J, Agostini, M, Aguiam, D, Akers, R, Albanese, R, Albert, C, Alessi, E, Ambrosino, R, Andr be, Y, Angioni, C, Apruzzese, G, Aradi, M, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Avdeeva, G, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Bandaru, V, Barnes, M, Barrera-Orte, L, Bettini, P, Bilato, R, Biletskyi, O, Bilkova, P, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Bobkov, V, Bock, A, Boeyaert, D, Bogar, K, Bogar, O, Bohm, P, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Boncagni, L, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brezinsek, S, Brida, D, Brunetti, D, Bucalossi, J, Buchanan, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buller, S, Buratti, P, Burckhart, A, Calabr, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Cannas, B, Cano Megias, P, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carralero, D, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Cathey, A, Causa, F, Cavedon, M, Cecconello, M, Ceccuzzi, S, Cerovsky, J, Chapman, S, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Cianfarani, C, Ciraolo, G, Coda, S, Coelho, R, Colas, L, Colette, D, Cordaro, L, Cordella, F, Costea, S, Coster, D, Cruz Zabala, D, Cseh, G, Czarnecka, A, Cziegler, I, D'Arcangelo, O, Dal Molin, A, David, P, De Carolis, G, De Oliveira, H, Decker, J, Dejarnac, R, Delogu, R, Den Harder, N, Dimitrova, M, Dolizy, F, Dominguez-Palacios Duran, J, Douai, D, Drenik, A, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunai, D, Duval, B, Dux, R, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Erds, B, Fable, E, Faitsch, M, Fanni, A, Farnik, M, Faust, I, Faustin, J, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferreira, J, Ferr, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Figini, L, Figueiredo, A, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Francesco, M, Fuchs, C, Futatani, S, Gabellieri, L, Gadariya, D, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Galdon-Quiroga, J, Galeani, S, Gallart, D, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Lopez, J, Garcia-Mu oz, M, Garzotti, L, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giacomelli, L, Giannone, L, Gibson, S, Gil, L, Giovannozzi, E, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Gonzalez-Martin, J, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Grekov, D, Grenfell, G, Griener, M, Groth, M, Grover, O, Gruca, M, Gude, A, Guimarais, L, Gyergyek, T, Hacek, P, Hakola, A, Ham, C, Happel, T, Harrison, J, Havranek, A, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hesslow, L, Hitzler, F, Hnat, B, Hobirk, J, Hoelzl, M, Hogeweij, D, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Hron, M, Huang, Z, Iantchenko, A, Iglesias, D, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Ionita-Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Ivanova-Stanik, I, Jacobsen, A, Jakubowski, M, Janky, F, Jardin, A, Jaulmes, F, Jensen, T, Jonsson, T, Kallenbach, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kasilov, S, Kazakov, Y, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kelemen, M, Kendl, A, Kernbichler, W, Kirk, A, Kocsis, G, Komm, M, Kong, M, Korovin, V, Koubiti, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Krieger, K, Kripner, L, Krivska, A, Kudlacek, O, Kulyk, Y, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwiatkowski, R, Laggner, F, Laguardia, L, Lahtinen, A, Lang, P, Likonen, J, Lipschultz, B, Liu, F, Lombroni, R, Lorenzini, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maggiora, R, Maljaars, B, Manas, P, Mantica, P, Mantsinen, M, Manz, P, Maraschek, M, Marchenko, V, Marchetto, C, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Markovic, T, Marrelli, L, Martin, P, Martin Solis, J, Martitsch, A, Mastrostefano, S, Matos, F, Matthews, G, Mayoral, M, Mazon, D, Mazzotta, C, Mc Carthy, P, Mcclements, K, Mcdermott, R, Mcmillan, B, Meineri, C, Menkovski, V, Meshcheriakov, D, Messmer, M, Micheletti, D, Milanesio, D, Militello, F, Miron, I, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Moulton, D, Nabais, F, Naulin, V, Naydenkova, D, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Newton, S, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nikolaeva, V, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Oberkofler, M, Ochoukov, R, Ollus, P, Olsen, J, Omotani, J, Ongena, J, Orain, F, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Panaccione, L, Panek, R, Panjan, M, Papp, G, Paradela Perez, I, Parra, F, Passeri, M, Pau, A, Pautasso, G, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Radolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Peterka, M, Petrzilka, V, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Piron, L, Plyusnin, V, Pokol, G, Poli, E, Poloskei, P, Popov, T, Popovic, Z, Por, G, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Juul Rasmussen, J, Rasmussen, J, Ratta, G, Ratynskaia, S, Ravensbergen, T, Refy, D, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reiser, D, Reux, C, Reznik, S, Ricci, D, Rispoli, N, Rivero-Rodriguez, J, Rocchi, G, Rodriguez-Ramos, M, Romano, A, Rosato, J, Rubinacci, G, Rubino, G, Ryan, D, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Samaddar, D, Sanchis-Sanchez, L, Santos, J, Sarkimaki, K, Sassano, M, Sauter, O, Scannell, R, Scheffer, M, Schneider, B, Schneider, P, Schrittwieser, R, Schubert, M, Seidl, J, Seliunin, E, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sias, G, Sieglin, B, Silva, C, Sipila, S, Smith, S, Snicker, A, Solano, E, Hansen, S, Soria-Hoyo, C, Sorokovoy, E, Sozzi, C, Sperduti, A, Spizzo, G, Spolaore, M, Stejner, M, Stipani, L, Stober, J, Strand, P, Sun, H, Suttrop, W, Sytnykov, D, Szepesi, T, Tal, B, Tala, T, Tardini, G, Tardocchi, M, Teplukhina, A, Terranova, D, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thoren, E, Thornton, A, Tilia, B, Tolias, P, Tomes, M, Toscano-Jimenez, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Tudisco, O, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Vallejos Olivares, P, Valovic, M, Van Vugt, D, Vanovac, B, Varje, J, Varju, J, Varoutis, S, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Vega, J, Verdoolaege, G, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Vicente, J, Viezzer, E, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Voltolina, D, Vondracek, P, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weinzettl, V, Wensing, M, Wiesen, S, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Willensdorfer, M, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Xiang, L, Zagorski, R, Zaloga, D, Zanca, P, Zaplotnik, R, Zebrowski, J, Zhang, W, Zisis, A, Zoletnik, S, Zuin, M, Labit B., Eich T., Harrer G. F., Wolfrum E., Bernert M., Dunne M. G., Frassinetti L., Hennequin P., Maurizio R., Merle A., Meyer H., Saarelma S., Sheikh U., Adamek J., Agostini M., Aguiam D., Akers R., Albanese R., Albert C., Alessi E., Ambrosino R., Andr be Y., Angioni C., Apruzzese G., Aradi M., Arnichand H., Auriemma F., Avdeeva G., Ayllon-Guerola J. M., Bagnato F., Bandaru V. K., Barnes M., Barrera-Orte L., Bettini P., Bilato R., Biletskyi O., Bilkova P., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T., Bobkov V., Bock A., Boeyaert D., Bogar K., Bogar O., Bohm P., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Boncagni L., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brezinsek S., Brida D., Brunetti D., Bucalossi J., Buchanan J., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buller S., Buratti P., Burckhart A., Calabr G., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Cannas B., Cano Megias P., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Carr M., Carralero D., Carraro L., Casolari A., Cathey A., Causa F., Cavedon M., Cecconello M., Ceccuzzi S., Cerovsky J., Chapman S., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Cianfarani C., Ciraolo G., Coda S., Coelho R., Colas L., Colette D., Cordaro L., Cordella F., Costea S., Coster D., Cruz Zabala D. J., Cseh G., Czarnecka A., Cziegler I., D'Arcangelo O., Dal Molin A., David P., De Carolis G., De Oliveira H., Decker J., Dejarnac R., Delogu R., Den Harder N., Dimitrova M., Dolizy F., Dominguez-Palacios Duran J. J., Douai D., Drenik A., Dreval M., Dudson B., Dunai D., Duval B. P., Dux R., Elmore S., Embreus O., Erds B., Fable E., Faitsch M., Fanni A., Farnik M., Faust I., Faustin J., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Feng S., Feng X., Ferreira J., Ferr G., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Figini L., Figueiredo A., Fil A., Fontana M., Francesco M., Fuchs C., Futatani S., Gabellieri L., Gadariya D., Gahle D., Galassi D., Galazka K., Galdon-Quiroga J., Galeani S., Gallart D., Gallo A., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia J., Garcia-Lopez J., Garcia-Mu oz M., Garzotti L., Gath J., Geiger B., Giacomelli L., Giannone L., Gibson S., Gil L., Giovannozzi E., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Gonzalez-Martin J., Goodman T. P., Gorini G., Gospodarczyk M., GRANUCCI, GUSTAVO, Grekov D., Grenfell G., Griener M., Groth M., Grover O., Gruca M., Gude A., Guimarais L., Gyergyek T., Hacek P., Hakola A., Ham C., Happel T., Harrison J., Havranek A., Hawke J., Henderson S., Hesslow L., Hitzler F., Hnat B., Hobirk J., Hoelzl M., Hogeweij D., Hopf C., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Hron M., Huang Z., Iantchenko A., Iglesias D., Igochine V., Innocente P., Ionita-Schrittwieser C., Isliker H., Ivanova-Stanik I., Jacobsen A., Jakubowski M., Janky F., Jardin A., Jaulmes F., Jensen T., Jonsson T., Kallenbach A., Kappatou A., Karpushov A., Kasilov S., Kazakov Y., Kazantzidis P. V., Keeling D., Kelemen M., Kendl A., Kernbichler W., Kirk A., Kocsis G., Komm M., Kong M., Korovin V., Koubiti M., Kovacic J., Krawczyk N., Krieger K., Kripner L., Krivska A., Kudlacek O., Kulyk Y., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwiatkowski R., Laggner F., Laguardia L., Lahtinen A., Lang P., Likonen J., Lipschultz B., Liu F., Lombroni R., Lorenzini R., Loschiavo V. P., Lunt T., MacUsova E., Madsen J., Maggiora R., Maljaars B., Manas P., Mantica P., Mantsinen M. J., Manz P., Maraschek M., Marchenko V., Marchetto C., MARIANI, ALBERTO, Marini C., Markovic T., Marrelli L., Martin P., Martin Solis J. R., Martitsch A., Mastrostefano S., Matos F., Matthews G., Mayoral M. -L., Mazon D., Mazzotta C., Mc Carthy P., McClements K., McDermott R., McMillan B., Meineri C., Menkovski V., Meshcheriakov D., Messmer M., Micheletti D., Milanesio D., Militello F., Miron I. G., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Molina Cabrera P. A., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Moulton D., Nabais F., Naulin V., Naydenkova D., Nem R. D., Nespoli F., Newton S., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nikolaeva V., Nocente M., Nowak S., Oberkofler M., Ochoukov R., Ollus P., Olsen J., Omotani J., Ongena J., Orain F., Orsitto F. P., Paccagnella R., Palha A., Panaccione L., Panek R., Panjan M., Papp G., Paradela Perez I., Parra F., Passeri M., Pau A., Pautasso G., Pavlichenko R., Perek A., Pericoli Radolfini V., Pesamosca F., Peterka M., Petrzilka V., Piergotti V., Pigatto L., Piovesan P., Piron C., Piron L., Plyusnin V., Pokol G., Poli E., Poloskei P., Popov T., Popovic Z., Por G., Porte L., Pucella G., Puiatti M. E., Putterich T., Rabinski M., Juul Rasmussen J., Rasmussen J., Ratta G. A., Ratynskaia S., Ravensbergen T., Refy D., Reich M., Reimerdes H., Reimold F., Reiser D., Reux C., Reznik S., Ricci D., Rispoli N., Rivero-Rodriguez J. F., Rocchi G., Rodriguez-Ramos M., Romano A., Rosato J., Rubinacci G., Rubino G., Ryan D. A., Salewski M., Salmi A., Samaddar D., Sanchis-Sanchez L., Santos J., Sarkimaki K., Sassano M., Sauter O., Scannell R., Scheffer M., Schneider B. S., Schneider P., Schrittwieser R., Schubert M., Seidl J., Seliunin E., Sharapov S., Sheeba R. R., Sias G., Sieglin B., Silva C., Sipila S., Smith S., Snicker A., Solano E. R., Hansen S. K., Soria-Hoyo C., Sorokovoy E., Sozzi C., Sperduti A., Spizzo G., Spolaore M., Stejner M., Stipani L., Stober J., Strand P., Sun H., Suttrop W., Sytnykov D., Szepesi T., Tal B., Tala T., Tardini G., Tardocchi M., Teplukhina A., Terranova D., Testa D., Theiler C., Thoren E., Thornton A., Tilia B., Tolias P., Tomes M., Toscano-Jimenez M., Tsironis C., Tsui C., Tudisco O., Urban J., Valisa M., Vallar M., Vallejos Olivares P., Valovic M., Van Vugt D., Vanovac B., Varje J., Varju J., Varoutis S., Vartanian S., Vasilovici O., Vega J., Verdoolaege G., Verhaegh K., Vermare L., Vianello N., Vicente J., Viezzer E., Villone F., Voitsekhovitch I., Voltolina D., Vondracek P., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weiland M., Weinzettl V., Wensing M., Wiesen S., Wiesenberger M., Wilkie G., Willensdorfer M., Wischmeier M., Wu K., Xiang L., Zagorski R., Zaloga D., Zanca P., Zaplotnik R., Zebrowski J., Zhang W., Zisis A., Zoletnik S., and Zuin M.
Abstract: Within the EUROfusion MST1 work package, a series of experiments has been conducted on AUG and TCV devices to disentangle the role of plasma fueling and plasma shape for the onset of small ELM regimes. On both devices, small ELM regimes with high confinement are achieved if and only if two conditions are fulfilled at the same time. Firstly, the plasma density at the separatrix must be large enough (ne,sep/nG ∼ 0.3), leading to a pressure profile flattening at the separatrix, which stabilizes type-I ELMs. Secondly, the magnetic configuration has to be close to a double null (DN), leading to a reduction of the magnetic shear in the extreme vicinity of the separatrix. As a consequence, its stabilizing effect on ballooning modes is weakened.
Published: 2019

50. Physics research on the TCV tokamak facility: From conventional to alternative scenarios and beyond

Author: Coda, S, Agostini, M, Albanese, R, Alberti, S, Alessi, E, Allan, S, Allcock, J, Ambrosino, R, Anand, H, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Ball, J, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Beletskii, A, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bonanomi, N, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brida, D, Bucalossi, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buratti, P, Calabro, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Causa, F, Cerovsky, J, Chellai, O, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Christen, N, Ciraolo, G, Cordaro, L, Costea, S, Cruz, N, Czarnecka, A, Dal Molin, A, David, P, Decker, J, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Eich, T, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Esposito, B, Faitsch, M, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferro, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Munoz, M, Garrido, A, Garrido, I, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Hakola, A, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Havlickova, E, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Hesslow, L, Hogeweij, D, Hogge, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Hubbard, A, Iantchenko, A, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Ionita Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Jacquier, R, Jardin, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kirneva, N, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwiatkowski, R, Labit, B, Lazzaro, E, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Lombroni, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maljaars, E, Mantica, P, Maraschek, M, Marchetto, C, Marco, A, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Martin, Y, Matos, F, Frisina, M, Mavkov, B, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Micheletti, D, Militello, F, Mitosinkova, K, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Mumgaard, R, Naulin, V, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Papp, G, Pau, A, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plyusnin, V, Poli, E, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Juul Rasmussen, J, Ravensbergen, T, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reux, C, Ricci, D, Ricci, P, Rispoli, N, Rosato, J, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sauter, O, Scheffer, M, Schlatter, C, Schneider, B, Schrittwieser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sheikh, U, Shousha, R, Silva, M, Sinha, J, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stipani, L, Strand, P, Tala, T, Tema Biwole, A, Teplukhina, A, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Tomaz, G, Tomes, M, Tran, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Van Vugt, D, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Viezzer, E, Vijvers, W, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weisen, H, Wensing, M, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Yoshida, M, Zagorski, R, Zanca, P, Zebrowski, J, Zisis, A, Zuin, M, Coda S., Agostini M., Albanese R., Alberti S., Alessi E., Allan S., Allcock J., Ambrosino R., Anand H., Andrebe Y., Arnichand H., Auriemma F., Ayllon-Guerola J. M., Bagnato F., Ball J., Baquero-Ruiz M., Beletskii A. A., Bernert M., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T. C., Boedo J. A., Bogar O., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Bonanomi N., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brida D., Bucalossi J., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buratti P., Calabro G., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Carr M., Carraro L., Casolari A., Causa F., Cerovsky J., Chellai O., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Christen N., Ciraolo G., Cordaro L., Costea S., Cruz N., Czarnecka A., Dal Molin A., David P., Decker J., De Oliveira H., Douai D., Dreval M. B., Dudson B., Dunne M., Duval B. P., Eich T., Elmore S., Embreus O., Esposito B., Faitsch M., Farnik M., Fasoli A., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Feng S., Feng X., Ferro G., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Fil A., Fontana M., Frassinetti L., Furno I., Gahle D. S., Galassi D., Galazka K., Gallo A., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia J., Garcia-Munoz M., Garrido A. J., Garrido I., Gath J., Geiger B., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Goodman T. P., Gorini G., Gospodarczyk M., Granucci G., Graves J. P., Gruca M., Gyergyek T., Hakola A., Happel T., Harrer G. F., Harrison J., Havlickova E., Hawke J., Henderson S., Hennequin P., Hesslow L., Hogeweij D., Hogge J. -P., Hopf C., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Huang Z., Hubbard A., Iantchenko A., Igochine V., Innocente P., Ionita Schrittwieser C., Isliker H., Jacquier R., Jardin A., Kappatou A., Karpushov A., Kazantzidis P. -V., Keeling D., Kirneva N., Komm M., Kong M., Kovacic J., Krawczyk N., Kudlacek O., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwiatkowski R., Labit B., Lazzaro E., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Llobet X., Lombroni R., Loschiavo V. P., Lunt T., Macusova E., Madsen J., Maljaars E., Mantica P., Maraschek M., Marchetto C., Marco A., Mariani A., Marini C., Martin Y., Matos F., FRISINA, MAURIZIO REMO DOMENICO, Mavkov B., Mazon D., McCarthy P., McDermott R., Menkovski V., Merle A., Meyer H., Micheletti D., Militello F., Mitosinkova K., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Molina Cabrera P. A., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Mumgaard R. T., Naulin V., Nem R. D., Nespoli F., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nocente M., Nowak S., Offeddu N., Orsitto F. P., Paccagnella R., Palha A., Papp G., Pau A., Pavlichenko R. O., Perek A., Pericoli Ridolfini V., Pesamosca F., Piergotti V., Pigatto L., Piovesan P., Piron C., Plyusnin V., Poli E., Porte L., Pucella G., Puiatti M. E., Putterich T., Rabinski M., Juul Rasmussen J., Ravensbergen T., Reich M., Reimerdes H., Reimold F., Reux C., Ricci D., Ricci P., Rispoli N., Rosato J., Saarelma S., Salewski M., Salmi A., Sauter O., Scheffer M., Schlatter C., Schneider B. S., Schrittwieser R., Sharapov S., Sheeba R. R., Sheikh U., Shousha R., SILVA, MARTA, Sinha J., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stipani L., Strand P., Tala T., Tema Biwole A. S., Teplukhina A. A., Testa D., Theiler C., Thornton A., Tomaz G., Tomes M., Tran M. Q., Tsironis C., Tsui C. K., Urban J., Valisa M., Vallar M., Van Vugt D., Vartanian S., Vasilovici O., Verhaegh K., Vermare L., Vianello N., Viezzer E., Vijvers W. A. J., Villone F., Voitsekhovitch I., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weiland M., Weisen H., Wensing M., Wiesenberger M., Wilkie G., Wischmeier M., Wu K., Yoshida M., Zagorski R., Zanca P., Zebrowski J., Zisis A., Zuin M., Coda, S, Agostini, M, Albanese, R, Alberti, S, Alessi, E, Allan, S, Allcock, J, Ambrosino, R, Anand, H, Andrebe, Y, Arnichand, H, Auriemma, F, Ayllon-Guerola, J, Bagnato, F, Ball, J, Baquero-Ruiz, M, Beletskii, A, Bernert, M, Bin, W, Blanchard, P, Blanken, T, Boedo, J, Bogar, O, Bolzonella, T, Bombarda, F, Bonanomi, N, Bouquey, F, Bowman, C, Brida, D, Bucalossi, J, Buermans, J, Bufferand, H, Buratti, P, Calabro, G, Calacci, L, Camenen, Y, Carnevale, D, Carpanese, F, Carr, M, Carraro, L, Casolari, A, Causa, F, Cerovsky, J, Chellai, O, Chmielewski, P, Choi, D, Christen, N, Ciraolo, G, Cordaro, L, Costea, S, Cruz, N, Czarnecka, A, Dal Molin, A, David, P, Decker, J, De Oliveira, H, Douai, D, Dreval, M, Dudson, B, Dunne, M, Duval, B, Eich, T, Elmore, S, Embreus, O, Esposito, B, Faitsch, M, Farnik, M, Fasoli, A, Fedorczak, N, Felici, F, Feng, S, Feng, X, Ferro, G, Fevrier, O, Ficker, O, Fil, A, Fontana, M, Frassinetti, L, Furno, I, Gahle, D, Galassi, D, Galazka, K, Gallo, A, Galperti, C, Garavaglia, S, Garcia, J, Garcia-Munoz, M, Garrido, A, Garrido, I, Gath, J, Geiger, B, Giruzzi, G, Gobbin, M, Goodman, T, Gorini, G, Gospodarczyk, M, Granucci, G, Graves, J, Gruca, M, Gyergyek, T, Hakola, A, Happel, T, Harrer, G, Harrison, J, Havlickova, E, Hawke, J, Henderson, S, Hennequin, P, Hesslow, L, Hogeweij, D, Hogge, J, Hopf, C, Hoppe, M, Horacek, J, Huang, Z, Hubbard, A, Iantchenko, A, Igochine, V, Innocente, P, Ionita Schrittwieser, C, Isliker, H, Jacquier, R, Jardin, A, Kappatou, A, Karpushov, A, Kazantzidis, P, Keeling, D, Kirneva, N, Komm, M, Kong, M, Kovacic, J, Krawczyk, N, Kudlacek, O, Kurki-Suonio, T, Kwiatkowski, R, Labit, B, Lazzaro, E, Linehan, B, Lipschultz, B, Llobet, X, Lombroni, R, Loschiavo, V, Lunt, T, Macusova, E, Madsen, J, Maljaars, E, Mantica, P, Maraschek, M, Marchetto, C, Marco, A, Mariani, A, Marini, C, Martin, Y, Matos, F, Frisina, M, Mavkov, B, Mazon, D, Mccarthy, P, Mcdermott, R, Menkovski, V, Merle, A, Meyer, H, Micheletti, D, Militello, F, Mitosinkova, K, Mlynar, J, Moiseenko, V, Molina Cabrera, P, Morales, J, Moret, J, Moro, A, Mumgaard, R, Naulin, V, Nem, R, Nespoli, F, Nielsen, A, Nielsen, S, Nocente, M, Nowak, S, Offeddu, N, Orsitto, F, Paccagnella, R, Palha, A, Papp, G, Pau, A, Pavlichenko, R, Perek, A, Pericoli Ridolfini, V, Pesamosca, F, Piergotti, V, Pigatto, L, Piovesan, P, Piron, C, Plyusnin, V, Poli, E, Porte, L, Pucella, G, Puiatti, M, Putterich, T, Rabinski, M, Juul Rasmussen, J, Ravensbergen, T, Reich, M, Reimerdes, H, Reimold, F, Reux, C, Ricci, D, Ricci, P, Rispoli, N, Rosato, J, Saarelma, S, Salewski, M, Salmi, A, Sauter, O, Scheffer, M, Schlatter, C, Schneider, B, Schrittwieser, R, Sharapov, S, Sheeba, R, Sheikh, U, Shousha, R, Silva, M, Sinha, J, Sozzi, C, Spolaore, M, Stipani, L, Strand, P, Tala, T, Tema Biwole, A, Teplukhina, A, Testa, D, Theiler, C, Thornton, A, Tomaz, G, Tomes, M, Tran, M, Tsironis, C, Tsui, C, Urban, J, Valisa, M, Vallar, M, Van Vugt, D, Vartanian, S, Vasilovici, O, Verhaegh, K, Vermare, L, Vianello, N, Viezzer, E, Vijvers, W, Villone, F, Voitsekhovitch, I, Vu, N, Walkden, N, Wauters, T, Weiland, M, Weisen, H, Wensing, M, Wiesenberger, M, Wilkie, G, Wischmeier, M, Wu, K, Yoshida, M, Zagorski, R, Zanca, P, Zebrowski, J, Zisis, A, Zuin, M, Coda S., Agostini M., Albanese R., Alberti S., Alessi E., Allan S., Allcock J., Ambrosino R., Anand H., Andrebe Y., Arnichand H., Auriemma F., Ayllon-Guerola J. M., Bagnato F., Ball J., Baquero-Ruiz M., Beletskii A. A., Bernert M., Bin W., Blanchard P., Blanken T. C., Boedo J. A., Bogar O., Bolzonella T., Bombarda F., Bonanomi N., Bouquey F., Bowman C., Brida D., Bucalossi J., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buratti P., Calabro G., Calacci L., Camenen Y., Carnevale D., Carpanese F., Carr M., Carraro L., Casolari A., Causa F., Cerovsky J., Chellai O., Chmielewski P., Choi D., Christen N., Ciraolo G., Cordaro L., Costea S., Cruz N., Czarnecka A., Dal Molin A., David P., Decker J., De Oliveira H., Douai D., Dreval M. B., Dudson B., Dunne M., Duval B. P., Eich T., Elmore S., Embreus O., Esposito B., Faitsch M., Farnik M., Fasoli A., Fedorczak N., Felici F., Feng S., Feng X., Ferro G., Fevrier O., Ficker O., Fil A., Fontana M., Frassinetti L., Furno I., Gahle D. S., Galassi D., Galazka K., Gallo A., Galperti C., Garavaglia S., Garcia J., Garcia-Munoz M., Garrido A. J., Garrido I., Gath J., Geiger B., Giruzzi G., Gobbin M., Goodman T. P., Gorini G., Gospodarczyk M., Granucci G., Graves J. P., Gruca M., Gyergyek T., Hakola A., Happel T., Harrer G. F., Harrison J., Havlickova E., Hawke J., Henderson S., Hennequin P., Hesslow L., Hogeweij D., Hogge J. -P., Hopf C., Hoppe M., Horacek J., Huang Z., Hubbard A., Iantchenko A., Igochine V., Innocente P., Ionita Schrittwieser C., Isliker H., Jacquier R., Jardin A., Kappatou A., Karpushov A., Kazantzidis P. -V., Keeling D., Kirneva N., Komm M., Kong M., Kovacic J., Krawczyk N., Kudlacek O., Kurki-Suonio T., Kwiatkowski R., Labit B., Lazzaro E., Linehan B., Lipschultz B., Llobet X., Lombroni R., Loschiavo V. P., Lunt T., Macusova E., Madsen J., Maljaars E., Mantica P., Maraschek M., Marchetto C., Marco A., Mariani A., Marini C., Martin Y., Matos F., FRISINA, MAURIZIO REMO DOMENICO, Mavkov B., Mazon D., McCarthy P., McDermott R., Menkovski V., Merle A., Meyer H., Micheletti D., Militello F., Mitosinkova K., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Molina Cabrera P. A., Morales J., Moret J. -M., Moro A., Mumgaard R. T., Naulin V., Nem R. D., Nespoli F., Nielsen A. H., Nielsen S. K., Nocente M., Nowak S., Offeddu N., Orsitto F. P., Paccagnella R., Palha A., Papp G., Pau A., Pavlichenko R. O., Perek A., Pericoli Ridolfini V., Pesamosca F., Piergotti V., Pigatto L., Piovesan P., Piron C., Plyusnin V., Poli E., Porte L., Pucella G., Puiatti M. E., Putterich T., Rabinski M., Juul Rasmussen J., Ravensbergen T., Reich M., Reimerdes H., Reimold F., Reux C., Ricci D., Ricci P., Rispoli N., Rosato J., Saarelma S., Salewski M., Salmi A., Sauter O., Scheffer M., Schlatter C., Schneider B. S., Schrittwieser R., Sharapov S., Sheeba R. R., Sheikh U., Shousha R., SILVA, MARTA, Sinha J., Sozzi C., Spolaore M., Stipani L., Strand P., Tala T., Tema Biwole A. S., Teplukhina A. A., Testa D., Theiler C., Thornton A., Tomaz G., Tomes M., Tran M. Q., Tsironis C., Tsui C. K., Urban J., Valisa M., Vallar M., Van Vugt D., Vartanian S., Vasilovici O., Verhaegh K., Vermare L., Vianello N., Viezzer E., Vijvers W. A. J., Villone F., Voitsekhovitch I., Vu N. M. T., Walkden N., Wauters T., Weiland M., Weisen H., Wensing M., Wiesenberger M., Wilkie G., Wischmeier M., Wu K., Yoshida M., Zagorski R., Zanca P., Zebrowski J., Zisis A., and Zuin M.
Abstract: The research program of the TCV tokamak ranges from conventional to advanced-tokamak scenarios and alternative divertor configurations, to exploratory plasmas driven by theoretical insight, exploiting the device's unique shaping capabilities. Disruption avoidance by real-time locked mode prevention or unlocking with electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) was thoroughly documented, using magnetic and radiation triggers. Runaway generation with high-Z noble-gas injection and runaway dissipation by subsequent Ne or Ar injection were studied for model validation. The new 1 MW neutral beam injector has expanded the parameter range, now encompassing ELMy H-modes in an ITER-like shape and nearly noninductive II-mode discharges sustained by electron cyclotron and neutral beam current drive. In the H-mode, the pedestal pressure increases modestly with nitrogen seeding while fueling moves the density pedestal outwards, but the plasma stored energy is largely uncorrelated to either seeding or fueling. High fueling at high triangularity is key to accessing the attractive small edge-localized mode (type-II) regime. Turbulence is reduced in the core at negative triangularity, consistent with increased confinement and in accord with global gyrokinetic simulations. The geodesic acoustic mode, possibly coupled with avalanche events, has been linked with particle flow to the wall in diverted plasmas. Detachment, scrape-off layer transport, and turbulence were studied in L- and H-modes in both standard and alternative configurations (snowflake, super-X, and beyond). The detachment process is caused by power `starvation' reducing the ionization source, with volume recombination playing only a minor role. Partial detachment in the H-mode is obtained with impurity seeding and has shown little dependence on flux expansion in standard single-null geometry. In the attached 1,-mode phase, increasing the outer connection length reduces the in-out heat-flow asymmetry. A doublet plasma, fe
Published: 2019

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