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This paper uses the BERT model for text feature extraction to capture semantic information more accurately. FBank feature extraction technique is applied for analyzing speech data to improve the accurate recognition of speech information. The 3D-CNN model is built and used to image feature extraction to obtain richer image information. The study combines long and short-term memory networks and attention mechanisms to enhance the interaction and integration between different modalities. The study results show that this multimodal teaching approach not only improves students’ motivation to learn, but also significantly enhances the classroom teaching effect. Especially in vocabulary teaching, using multimodal resources helps deepen students’ understanding and memorization of vocabulary. The model shows high accuracy in the empirical Analysis of pronunciation detection in noisy environments, especially after incorporating multimodal features. The study provides an effective multimodal fusion method for English-Chinese bilingual teaching, especially in improving students’ vocabulary learning efficiency. It has been proved that the multimodal teaching method can better mobilize students’ various senses and thus improve learning. Therefore, the methods and findings of this study are of great theoretical and practical significance to the field of bilingual education.

In the dynamic planning of reinforcement learning algorithms based on inverse recursion, this research shows how well Q-learning performs in finding the optimal decision function for accurate English teaching intervention in colleges and universities using data simulation. This simultaneously contrasts the two scenarios of calculating the best decision function independently and in a single stage using the Q-learning method. The correlation analysis between the innovative English teaching model and learners’ learning effectiveness was carried out by demonstrating the great clusters of the subset of English teaching data in colleges and universities. The results show that the correlation coefficients of English innovative teaching mode and learning outcomes are 0.385 and 0.276, respectively, in which H2-P1 and H2-P2 involve the structure of students’ personalized learning of English, whether it is an edge or a node, and the learning behaviors are not completely autonomous processes. This study proposes innovative strategies for improving the quality of university English teaching and laying a good educational foundation for students’ English learning.

Disuse osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease resulting from skeletal unloading (e.g., during extended bed rest, limb immobilization, and spaceflight), and the slow and insufficient bone recovery during reambulation remains an unresolved medical challenge. Here, we demonstrated that loading-induced increase in bone architecture/strength was suppressed in skeletons previously exposed to unloading. This reduction in bone mechanosensitivity was directly associated with attenuated osteocytic [Ca.sup.2+] oscillatory dynamics. The unloading-induced compromised osteocytic [Ca.sup.2+] response to reloading resulted from the HIF-1[alpha]/PDK1 axis-mediated increase in glycolysis, and a subsequent reduction in ATP synthesis. HIF-1[alpha] also transcriptionally induced substantial glutaminase 2 expression and thereby glutamine addiction in osteocytes. Inhibition of glycolysis by blockade of PDK1 or glutamine supplementation restored the mechanosensitivity in those skeletons with previous unloading by fueling the tricarboxylic acid cycle and rescuing subsequent [Ca.sup.2+] oscillations in osteocytes. Thus, we provide mechanistic insight into disuse-induced deterioration of bone mechanosensitivity and a promising therapeutic approach to accelerate bone recovery after long-duration disuse., Introduction Bone is a highly mechanosensitive and adaptive system, the internal structure of which can be remodeled to accommodate the prevailing mechanical environment. Load-bearing physical activity is essential for promoting [...]

β-Co(OH)2 nanosheets were prepared in NaNO3 solution by cathode glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE) technique, in which Co sheet and Pt needle were regarded as anode and cathode, respectively. The formation mechanism of β-Co(OH)2 was discussed in detail, and the electrochemical performance was investigated as an electrode material for the pseudocapacitor. The results showed that the obtained β-Co(OH)2 has a single phase of the hexagonal brucite-like nanosheets with an angle of adjacent edges of 120°, side length of 400–500 nm, and thickness of 10-20 nm. The average pore size and specific surface area are 33.1 nm and 122.1 m2 g−1, respectively. The β-Co(OH)2 nanosheets exhibit a high specific capacitance of 335 F g−1 and excellent capacity retention of 77.1% after 3000 charge-discharge cycles at 1 A g−1. CGDE offers a simple, fast, highly effective, and green strategy for the preparation of β-Co(OH)2 nanosheets. The prepared β-Co(OH)2 nanosheets can be used as an alternative electrode material for supercapacitors. Highlights: β-Co(OH)2 nanosheets with hexagonal structure were prepared in NaNO3 solution by using CGDE. The preparation mechanism was discussed based on emission spectra, solution pH and structural characterization. The specific surface area and average pore size of nanosheets are 122.1 m2 g−1 and 33.1 nm, respectively. β-Co(OH)2 nanosheets has 335 F g−1 specific capacitance and 77.1% capacity retention after 3000 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is considered as a dominant contributor to low back pain (LBP), causing severe pain, limited range of lumbar motion, physical dysfunction, and restriction of social activity. However, the specific pathological mechanisms underlying IDD remain elusive, and effective strategies to delay the pathogenesis of IDD are still unclear and limited. In recent years, some studies have found that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an important antioxidant transcription factor, may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis and progression of age-related diseases including IDD. Nrf2 can maintain redox homeostasis and protecting nucleus pulposus (NP) cells against oxidative stress, inflammatory response, extracellular matrix (ECM) catabolism, cell senescence and cell death involving in the progression of IDD. In this review, we aim to systematically describe the vital roles and pathological mechanism of Nrf2 signaling axis in the pathogenesis of IDD, which may put forward potential therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of IDD by targeting Nrf2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic high‐altitude hypoxia induces irreversible abnormalities in various organisms. Emerging evidence indicates that hypobaric hypoxia markedly suppresses bone mass and bone strength. However, few effective means have been identified to prevent such bone deficits. Here, we assessed the potential of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) to noninvasively resist bone deterioration induced by hypobaric hypoxia. We observed that exogenous PEMF treatment at 15 Hz and 20 Gauss (Gs) improved the cancellous and cortical bone mass, bone microstructure, and skeletal mechano‐properties in rats subjected to chronic exposure of hypobaric hypoxia simulating an altitude of 4500 m for 6 weeks by primarily modulating osteoblasts and osteoblast‐mediated bone‐forming activity. Moreover, our results showed that whereas PEMF stimulated the functional activity of primary osteoblasts in hypoxic culture in vitro, it had negligible effects on osteoclasts and osteocytes exposed to hypoxia. Mechanistically, the primary cilium was found to function as the major electromagnetic sensor in osteoblasts exposed to hypoxia. The polycystins PC‐1/PC‐2 complex was identified as the primary calcium channel in the primary cilium of hypoxia‐exposed osteoblastic cells responsible for the detection of external PEMF signals, and thereby translated these biophysical signals into intracellular biochemical events involving significant increase in the intracellular soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) expression and subsequent elevation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration. The second messenger cAMP inhibited the transcription of oxygen homeostasis‐related hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha (HIF‐1α), and thus enhanced osteoblast differentiation and improved bone phenotype. Overall, the present study not only advances our understanding of bone physiology at high altitudes, but more importantly, proposes effective means to ameliorate high altitude‐induced bone loss in a noninvasive and cost‐effective manner. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Airborne pathogens are the most important factor causing environmental issues on pig farms. Research on airborne swine-derived microbes has mainly concentrated on several specific microbes or pathogens. The present work was conducted to detect and identify the entire microbial community in piggery air and their dispersion by 16SrRNA sequencing. Fifteen faeces and eighty-four air samples were collected in swine barns and from different distances away from the barns, respectively. The results showed that the faeces and air share the most dominant bacteria. The top 10 genera belonged to Fimicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and accounted for 54% and 76-84% of the total sequences. Moreover, great higher (P < 0.01) microbial diversity was detected in the faeces. This study indicated that a hygienic interval of 50 m should be set on swine farms to prevent the spreading infectious disease caused by airborne pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]