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This study investigated the role and mechanisms of cullin-1 (CUL1) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Microgrid (MG) can coordinate the dispatch of distributed generation,energy storage devices and loads to maximize the use of renewable energy. In this paper,the energy trading method among MGs is studied. Aiming at the dynamic stochastic factors of MG,a multi-time-scale method is adopted,including daily scheduling and intraday optimization,and the energy management framework of MG is proposed. Then,the energy management model of MG is established,including the daily scheduling model and the intraday optimization model,and the objective functions and constraint conditions are determined. Particle swarm algorithm is used to achieve the lowest economic cost and improve the economic performance of MGs. The proposed dynamic stochastic model,energy trading method and energy management model are verified and analyzed by taking three MGs as examples. The simulation results show that the proposed energy trading method can effectively improve the economy and reliability of the multi-microgrids.

Mycotoxin cocontamination is a severe threat to health and economic security worldwide. The mycotoxins aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, fumonisin B1, and ochratoxin A are of particular concern due to their substantial toxicity. Lac-W is a laccase with the unique property of degrading these six mycotoxins in the absence of redox mediators. Nevertheless, their degradation rates are low. This work aims to improve the ability of Lac-W to degrade these six mycotoxins and to elucidate its detoxification mechanism. Including redox mediators increased the Lac-W degradation efficiency drastically, and completely degraded AFB1 and ZEN within one hour. Additionally, Lac-W-AS has good temperature, pH, and ions adaptability in ZEN degradation. Lac-W-AS reduced the ZEN toxicity because ZEN degradation products significantly restored the bioluminescence intensity of Vibrio fischeri. A Lac-W-AS-mediated oxidation product of ZEN was structurally characterized as 15-OH-ZEN by UHPLC-MS/MS. Linear sweep voltammetry showed that AS affected the potential of Lac-W and accelerated the oxidation of ZEN. Finally, the combination of mediators (acetosyringone and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)) improved the degradation rate of mycotoxins. This work highlights that the combination of Lac-W with mediators serves as a good candidate for degrading multi-mycotoxin contaminants in food and feedstuff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high proportion of distributed photovoltaic (DPV) access has changed the traditional distribution network structure and operation mode, posing a huge threat to the stable operation and economy of the distribution network. Aiming at a reasonable access capacity of DPV in the distribution network, this paper proposes an economic access capacity evaluation method for DPV in the distribution network considering proper PV power curtailment. Firstly, a method for generating typical joint light intensity and load power operation scenarios based on an improved K-means clustering algorithm is proposed, which provides comprehensive scenario support for the evaluation. Secondly, based on active and reactive power regulation, this paper proposes a DPV access capacity enhancement method to improve the DPV access capacity. Thirdly, considering proper PV power curtailment, an evaluation model of DPV economic access capacity in the distribution network is established to solve the maximum DPV economic access capacity in the distribution network. And aiming at the nonlinear problem in the model, the second-order cone relaxation method is employed to transform the model into the second-order cone programming model, so as to solve the objective function conveniently and efficiently. Finally, based on the improved IEEE 33-node distribution network analysis, the results show that the proposed method can be more comprehensive and effective in evaluating the DPV economic access capacity in the distribution network, and proper PV power curtailment can significantly increase the DPV economic access capacity in the distribution network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing penetration rate of distributed resources in the distribution network has brought about significant volatility and uncertainty problems. Demand response (DR) can flexibly change the energy consumption method of the user to balance supply and demand. This paper first considers the spatial distribution characteristics of DR resources to schedule DR resources to construct a distributed resource cloud-edge collaborative scheduling framework. Based on this, the distribution network scheduling requirements are combined with the multi-time scale characteristics of DR. A three-stage cloud-edge collaborative optimization scheduling strategy for distributed resources in the distribution network is proposed, which allocates the multi-time scale scheduling tasks of DR resources to the cloud and edge. Secondly, taking the cloud and edge as the optimization platform, a three-stage optimization decision-making model of the distribution network is established. In the day-ahead stage, the global optimization decision is made by combining cloud-centralized optimization with edge-independent optimization. In the intraday stage, edge-rolling optimization is carried out. In the real-time stage, the edge-distributed calculation is based on the consensus algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness and economy of the proposed model and strategy are verified by an example analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For low-speed and large-thrust situations, the single-layer winding permanent magnet linear motor is inefficient because of its large distance, and the thrust fluctuation is large. In order to solve this problem, a finite element analysis model of cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor is established in a cylindrical permanent magnet linear motor, and the Ansoft software simulation is used to ensure the positioning force and thrust of the double-layer winding motor and single-layer winding motor under the same key parameters. The performance of double-layer winding motor and Single-layer winding motor at different frequencies is compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the cylindrical linear motor with double-layer fractional-slot winding structure is more suitable for occasions with low speed and large thrust, and has higher operation efficiency.