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Introduction Existing product Life Cycle Assessments (LCA¡¦s) on offset printed matter all point at paper as the overall dominating contributor to the impacts from the life-cycle of this category of products. This dominating role of paper is primarily founded in the energy-related impact categories global warming, acidification and nutrification. The studies focus on energy consumption including the emissions and impact categories related to energy. The chemical-related impact categories comprising ecotoxicity and human toxicity are not included at all or only to a limited degree. In this paper we include these chemical-related impact categories by making use of some of the newest knowledge about emissions from the production at the printing industry combined with knowledge about the composition of the printing materials used during the production of offset printed matter. This paper is based on the report ¡§Life Cycle Assessment of generic printed matter from a fictitious sheet fed printing industry¡¨ [1] which is going to be published by the Danish EPA as part of the project ¡§Ecolabelling of printed matter¡¨. Goal and scope The goal of the study is to identify the distribution of potential environmental impacts and consumption of resources along the life cycle of a generic printed matter produced on a fictitious sheet feed offset printing industry in Europe. The results are to be used for developing ecolabelling criteria. Main activities at all stages in the life cycle are covered. However special focus is on the production stage but upstream emissions assessed to be of possible significant importance are included (e.g. estimated emissions from pigment production) or handled in the sensitivity analysis. The functional unit is 1 ton of sheet feed offset produced printed matter, i.e. printed communication covering books, pamphlets etc. As time scope for the production stage 1990 ¡V 2002 is chosen and as technological scope mainly modern technology (not state-of-the

A life cycle assessment of two electrical cookers was made for the company Electrolux A/S. A number of valid conclusions can be drawn from the study. The conclusions are supported by a sensitivity analysis covering essential parameter variations and showing that quite robust conclusions can be drawn on many aspects: • It is evident from the study that the use stage of the cookers by far has the most significant environmental impact • The surface cooking on plates is the main energy consumer being responsible for around 66% of the total energy consumption during use. Cooking in the oven is less used and therefore less significant. • It is also evident, however, that significant resource consumption lies in the use and recovery of materials. The use of heavy metals contribute to the most significant resource consumption, and the disposal scenario, recovery and reuse of these is the main issue for the resource consumption of the cookers over their life cycle • Transportation of the cookers over their life cycle is insignificant Environmentally, the main perspectives for improvements lie in the optimisation of the use stage, including better efficiency in transformation of the energy to the meal. In terms of resource consumption and to some extent waste, the main perspectives lie in improving the material recovery. This in turn lies in the choice and mix of materials, the structure of the product, and the intelligence in the design for disassembly and recovery. As the cookers are now, they are not designed for material recovery and large improvement potentials can be found in this area.