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Publication bias poses a threat to the validity of meta-analytic reviews, as it can lead to summary effect size estimates becoming inflated. Meta-analysts are advised to utilize multiple methods for detecting and controlling for publication bias. Our study aims to examine which and how many methods meta-analysts of psychotherapeutic interventions for depression, anxiety and PTSD utilize to identify and correct for publication bias, and to which extent they detect it. Additionally, we aim to provide some indication of the degree to which publication bias has (or has not) influenced meta-analytic estimates in this field, by reanalyzing meta-analyses for which study level data are available. 86 meta-analyses were included in our sample, and 37 meta-analyses also met the eligibility criteria for reanalysis. Findings demonstrate that 66 of 86 (76,7%) included meta-analyses utilized at least 1 publication bias method. 32 of 86 (37%) of the included meta-analyses utilized at least three publication bias methods. None of the included meta-analyses utilized a selection model approach. The funnel plot asymmetry tests varied from detecting publication bias on ~20% (Egger’s regression) to ~65% (trim-and-fill). The results from reanalyzes of study-level data indicates some inflation of effect size estimates, although the adjusted results generally do not considerably change the overall conclusions of these meta-analyses. Our overall findings indicate some degree of publication bias, that could go undetected because some meta-analysts do not sufficiently adhere to recommendations regarding publication bias methods.

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Mølmann, Hansen, Johansen. Effects of supplemental LED light quality and reduced growth temperature on swede (Brassica napus L. ssp. rapifera Metzg.) root vegetable development and contents of glucosinolates and sugars . Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2020, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10866. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited. Background - Low growth temperatures and the special light qualities of midnight sun in northern Scandinavia, have both been shown to improve eating quality of swede root bulbs. To study the combined effect of these factors on root development and sensory-related compounds, plants were grown in phytotron under different 24 h supplemental light-emitting diode (LED) light colours, at constant 15 °C, or reduced end-of-season temperature at 9 °C. Results - Far-red LED (740 nm) light induced longer leaves and produced more roundly shaped bulbs, than the other light quality treatments. At constant 15 °C, supplemental light of far-red LED also produced a stronger purple crown skin colour than the other LED treatments. This difference between light quality treatments disappeared at 9 °C, as all bulb crowns developed a purple colour. There were no significant effects of LED-supplements on sugar concentrations, while the reduced temperature on average did increase concentrations of d-fructose and d-glucose. Total glucosinolate concentrations were not different among treatments, although the most abundant glucosinolate, progoitrin, on average was present in highest concentration under LEDs containing far-red light, and in lower concentration at 9 °C compared to 15 °C. Conclusion - The light quality of 24 h photoperiods in combination with temperature appears primarily important for growth and morphological traits in swede root bulbs. Influence of light quality and low temperature on appearance and sensory-related compounds may be utilized in marketing of root vegetables with special quality related to growth conditions of high latitude origin.

Source at https://nofima.no/en/publication/1812682-2/. I dette prosjektet har vi testet ut en hypotese om at ved å erstatte vegetabilske oljer i fôr til oppdrettslaks med marine oljer, vil man kunne redusere lusepåslag hos laks. Vi har fôret laks med fire ulike fôr, der proteininnholdet er det samme, men oljen er variert. De ulike fôrene vi brukte var kontrollfôr som var standardfôr med vegetabilsk olje, og tre ulike testfôr der vegetabilsk olje ble erstattet med henholdsvis fiskeolje, calanusolje og olje fra fototrofe mikroalger. Laks ble foret med fire ulike fôr med ulik olje, deretter ble laksen utsatt for lusesmitte. Laksen som var fôret med fôr som inneholdt komponenter fra mikroalger resulterte i lik tilvekst, men med signifikant mindre lusepåslag enn laks som ble fôret med kontollfôr. Det ble også observert at laks fôret med de to andre prøvefôrene hadde noe lavere tilvekst enn kontrollfôr, men laks fôret med fôr som inneholdt calanus-olje hadde mindre lusesmitte enn kontrollfôret, men i lavere grad enn algefôr. Det ble også undersøkt om det var forskjeller i oxylipinnivået i skinn på laks fôret med ulikt fôr, det ble ikke registrert forskjeller mellom oxylipinnivå i skinn med den metoden som ble benyttet. Videre undersøkelser for bruk av denne typen fôr vil være å gjenta fôringsforsøkene i dette prosjektet for å reprodusere og bekrefte de oppnådde resultater, samt følge opp med undersøkelser som kan avdekke årsaker til redusert smitte. I opp-følgende prosjekt vil man se videre på effekter på skinn, tarmhelse, lever, hjerte og innvollsfett i tillegg til vekstparameter. Vi har i dette prosjektet demonstrert redusert lusesmitte og normal vekst i laks som er fôret med fôr tilsatt fototrofe mikroalger. In this project different salmon diets where vegetable oil replaced by fish oil, calanus oil and microalgae was given to groups of salmon smolts for a period of 60 days prior to infection with salmon lice copepodites. Results show that the salmon fed algae diet had a growth rate similar to the fish fed control feed, with significantly lower salmon lice infection levels. In order to verify conclusions in this project we will perform follow-up studies repeating the feeding trials and connected analysis in order to reproduce and confirm the results. In con sequetive studies we will also aim to determine the cause of reduction in lice infection, as well as investigate skin, liver, intestines, heart, abdominal fat and growth.

Industri 4.0 er et omtalt tema rundt om i verden og baserer seg på den “fjerde industrielle revolusjonen”. Siden introduksjon av konseptet i Tyskland i 2011 har populariteten vært en stigende trend i utlandet. Konsepter som CPS, stordata, smarte fabrikker, internet of things og kunstig intelligens er konsepter som former I4.0 i sin helhet. I4.0 ble derfor et samlebegrep. Hvorvidt begrepet vil overleve er usikkert, men vi har utført en studie for å undersøke kunnskapsnivået, relevans, anvendelse, utfordringer og effekter av I4.0 i norske bedrifter. De teknologiske verktøyene som inngår i I4.0 konseptet har potensiale til å skape konkurransefortrinn og store endringer i måten norske bedrifter drifter. Vår problemstilling er utformet slik: “Hva er status når det gjelder kunnskapsnivået og anvendelsen av I4.0 i Norge?” Denne studien er basert på en “mixed-methods”-tilnærming og bygger på både kvalitativ og kvantitativ forskning. Dataene er hentet gjennom fire dybdeintervjuer og en spørreundersøker til 926 unike epostadresser uavhengig av bedriftsstørrelse, bransjetilhørighet og geografisk plassering. Funnene indikerer at kunnskapsnivået til I4.0 i norske bedrifter varierer, men lav på generell basis. Det fremgår likevel av studien at teknologiske verktøy knyttet til I4.0 benyttes i ulik grad i Norge. Videre indikerer studien på et generelt grunnlag at I4.0 er relevant for norske bedrifter. Funnene indikerer derfor at merkelappen I4.0 ikke er dekkende nok for alle bransjer.

Vi undersøker ulike aspekter ved timing av volatilitet blant selskapsobligasjonsfond, deriblant generelt omfang, persistens over tid og innvirkning på risikojustert avkastning. Ved bruk av daglig avkastningsdata kommer vi frem til at high yield-fond i gjennomsnitt timer volatilitet medsyklisk, mens investment grade-fond timer motsyklisk. Denne forskjellen ser ut til å komme av at korrelasjonen mellom markedsavkastning og betinget markedsvolatilitet er større i high yield-markeder enn i investment grade-markeder. Våre resultater tyder også på at det er persistens i motsyklisk timing, men ikke i medsyklisk timing. Når vi analyserer forholdet mellom timing av volatilitet og risikojustert avkastning får vi delte resultater, men det er ett tydelig mønster; de fleste fondene som timer volatilitet, timer i samme retning som de fondene som har høyest risikojustert avkastning. We examine various aspects of volatility timing among corporate bond funds, including general prevalence, persistence over time, and impact on performance. Using daily return data, we find that high yield funds, on average, time volatility procyclically, while investment grade funds time countercyclically. This discrepancy appears to stem from a more positive correlation between market returns and conditional market volatility in high yield markets than in investment grade markets. There appears to be persistence in the timing ability of procyclical timers, but not in that of countercyclical timers. Finally, our performance analysis yields largely inconclusive results, except for one distinct pattern; funds are more inclined to time volatility in the same direction as the funds that achieve the greatest risk-adjusted returns.

Supplemental material, Supplemental_Material_for_EU-OPENSCREEN_a_novel_by_Brennecke,_et_al for EU-OPENSCREEN: A Novel Collaborative Approach to Facilitate Chemical Biology by Philip Brennecke, Dace Rasina, Oscar Aubi, Katja Herzog, Johannes Landskron, Bastien Cautain, Francisca Vicente, Jordi Quintana, Jordi Mestres, Bahne Stechmann, Bernhard Ellinger, Jose Brea, Jacek L. Kolanowski, Radosław Pilarski, Mar Orzaez, Antonio Pineda-Lucena, Luca Laraia, Faranak Nami, Piotr Zielenkiewicz, Kamil Paruch, Espen Hansen, Jens P. von Kries, Martin Neuenschwander, Edgar Specker, Petr Bartunek, Sarka Simova, Zbigniew Leśnikowski, Stefan Krauss, Lari Lehtiö, Ursula Bilitewski, Mark Brönstrup, Kjetil Taskén, Aigars Jirgensons, Heiko Lickert, Mads H. Clausen, Jeanette H. Andersen, Maria J. Vicent, Olga Genilloud, Aurora Martinez, Marc Nazaré, Wolfgang Fecke and Philip Gribbon in SLAS Discovery

Cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) is a wild perennial shrub growing on peatland with a circumpolar distribution. The combined berries have a high polyphenol content comprised primarily of ellagitannins. A few commercial cultivars are available, and pre-breeding trials on clonal material from different geographical origins are in progress. The objective of this study was to investigate how the content of polyphenols of four different cloudberry cultivars were affected by harvesting time and climatic variations during a 3-year-period. Plants were grown outside in plots and berries were harvested when mature. Berries were analyzed for total polyphenols and total anthocyanins by spectrophotometer. Total ellagic acid was identified and quantified using HPLC-MS after hydrolysis of the extracts. Results showed that all measured parameters; total anthocyanins, total polyphenols and ellagic acid are strongly influenced by the genetic background. Although low anthocyanin contents were present in all genotypes, they were highly affected by climatic conditions, being highest at low temperatures. However, the content of ellagic acid was less affected by environmental conditions and showed little response to changing temperatures. In conclusion, ellagitannin content was the most dominating polyphenol group observed in this study and was affected by genetics and is therefore a good breeding criterion for increased health benefit of cloudberry., Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol 91 (2018): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality

Det ble etablert et aquaponics-anlegg på Akvariet i Bergen og samtidig ble konseptet; integrert multitrofisk akvakultur (IMTA) presentert. Systemet ble designet for å ivareta de biologiske kravene så godt det lot seg gjøre, men Akvariet i Bergens infrastruktur og visuelle krav satte enkelte begrensinger. Basert på dette ble viktige underholdnings- og informasjonselementer identifisert og presentert, men vel så viktig har formidlingen og utvikling av et undervisningsopplegg vært. Prosjektet er gjennomført etter planen, og vi anser at det har bidratt til å gjøre konseptet med kretsløpsøkonomi og utnyttelse av avfallsstoffer mere kjent for både allmenheten og for elever i videregående skoler. Aquaponics-anlegget har supplert det øvrige tilbudet ved Akvariet i Bergen på en fin måte og bidratt til oppmerksomhet rundt slike bærekraftige konsept til havbruksnæringen, forvaltningen og til fremtidige arbeidstakere. An aquaponics facility was established at the Bergen Aquarium, and at the same time, the concept; integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) was presented. The system was designed to meet the biological requirements as far as possible, but the infrastructure and visual requirements of the Aquarium set some limitations. Based on this, important entertainment and information elements were identified and presented, but equally important, the development and dissemination of a teaching program was presented. The project has been completed according to the plan, and we believe that it has helped to make the concept of circular economics and utilization of waste, more familiar to both the public and for students. The Aquaponics plant has complemented the exhibitions at the Bergen Aquarium in a nice way and contributed to the attention of such sustainable concept to the aquaculture industry, the management authorities and future employees. Hordaland fylkeskommune – Handlingsprogram for næringsutvikling i Hordaland