Search

Your search keyword '"Hans-Jürgen Hedrich"' showing total 60 results
Start Over Author "Hans-Jürgen Hedrich"
60 results on '"Hans-Jürgen Hedrich"'

1. The head turn paradigm to assess auditory laterality in cats: influence of ear position and repeated sound presentation

Author

Wiebke S. Konerding, Elke Zimmermann, Eva Bleich, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, and Marina Scheumann

Subjects
Orienting asymmetry, Head-turn pradigm, Auditory laterality, Acoustic communication, Arousal, Habituation, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

In most humans, speech is predominantly processed by the left hemisphere. This auditory laterality was formerly thought to be an exclusive human characteristic, but is now suggested to have pre-human origins. In studies on auditory laterality in nonhuman animals, the head turn paradigm has become very popular due to its non-invasive character. Although there are implications that the head turn direction indicates functional dominance of the contralateral hemisphere in processing a given sound, the validity of the paradigm is under debate. To validate the paradigm via comparison with imaging or electrophysiological methods, it is first necessary to establish turning biases at the individual level. Recently, the domestic cat, a common model in hearing research, has been found to show turning biases at the group level. To assess individual turning asymmetries in cats, we repeatedly presented kitten isolation calls and assessed whether differences in conveyed arousal changed the previously described left-wards lateralisation of conspecific vocalizations. Based on responses to 50 playback presentations (25 of high and 25 of low arousal), we calculated individual head turn indices. Based on the total data set, we found no consistent individual turning bias, irrespective of call category or sex of the receiver. Although the playback paradigm was chosen carefully to reduce any effects of lateralized loudness perception or changes in motivation due to habituation, individual head turn biases changed significantly in concordance with habituation to repeated playback-presentations and was predictable by small deflections in ear position prior to listening. When splitting the data set according to a decline in responsiveness after seven playback presentations, we revealed an initial left turning bias for most of our subjects (i.e., significant at the group level). We propose that this left turning bias is related to right hemisphere dominance in processes like vigilance behaviour or general arousal rather than on auditory processing, as such. Our findings suggest that both the experimental sequence and sound level differences, induced by asymmetric ear positions, strongly influence the outcome of the head turn paradigm and should be taken into account when evaluating auditory laterality at the behavioural level.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. A variable CD3⁺ T-cell frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus development in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat.

Author

Tanja Arndt, Anne Jörns, Heike Weiss, Markus Tiedge, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Sigurd Lenzen, and Dirk Wedekind

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

PURPOSE: The LEW.1AR1-iddm rat is an animal model of human type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), which arose through a spontaneous mutation within the MHC-congenic inbred strain LEW.1AR1 (RT1(r²)). In contrast to the diabetes-resistant LEW.1AR1 background strain in LEW.1AR1-iddm rats a highly variable T-cell frequency could be observed in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). METHODS: In this study we therefore characterised the T-cell repertoire within the PBLs of the two strains by flow cytometry analysis and identified the CD3⁺ T-cell phenotype and its possible linkage to diabetes susceptibility. To map loci conferring susceptibility to variable CD3⁺ T-cell frequency, backcross strains (N2) were generated with the genetically divergent BN and PAR rats for microsatellite analysis. RESULTS: The LEW.1AR1-iddm rat strain was characterised by a higher variability of CD3⁺ T-cells in PBLs along with a slightly decreased mean value compared to the LEW.1AR1 background strain. The reason for this reduction was a decrease in the CD4⁺ T-cell count while the CD8⁺ T-cell proportion remained unchanged. However, both T-cell subpopulations showed a high variability. This resulted in a lower CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T-cell ratio than in LEW.1AR1 rats. Like LEW.1AR1-iddm rats all animals of the backcross populations, N2 BN and N2 PAR rats, also showed large variations of the CD3⁺ T-cell frequency. The phenotype of variable CD3⁺ T-cell frequency mapped to the telomeric region of chromosome 1 (RNO1), which is identical with the already known Iddm8 diabetes susceptibility region. The data indicate that a variable CD3⁺ T-cell frequency in PBLs is genetically linked to diabetes susceptibility in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat. CONCLUSION: The T-cell variability in PBLs could be related to the previously reported imbalance between regulatory and effector T-cell populations which results in beta-cell autoimmunity. Since similar T-cell phenotypes have also been described in human T1DM the identification of the functional role of the observed variable CD3⁺ T-cell frequency may help to understand the mechanisms of autoimmunity in T1DM.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. The ter mutation in the rat Dnd1 gene initiates gonadal teratomas and infertility in both genders.

Author

Emily Northrup, Nils-Holger Zschemisch, Regina Eisenblätter, Silke Glage, Dirk Wedekind, Edwin Cuppen, Martina Dorsch, and Hans-Jürgen Hedrich

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

A spontaneous mutation leading to the formation of congenital ovarian and testicular tumors was detected in the WKY/Ztm rat strain. The histological evaluation revealed derivatives from all three germ layers, thereby identifying these tumors as teratomas. Teratocarcinogenesis was accompanied by infertility and the underlying mutation was termed ter. Linkage analysis of 58 (WKY-ter×SPRD-Cu3) F2 rats associated the ter mutation with RNO18 (LOD = 3.25). Sequencing of candidate genes detected a point mutation in exon 4 of the dead-end homolog 1 gene (Dnd1), which introduces a premature stop codon assumed to cause a truncation of the Dnd1 protein. Genotyping of the recessive ter mutation revealed a complete penetrance of teratocarcinogenesis and infertility in homozygous ter rats of both genders. Morphologically non-tumorous testes of homozygous ter males were reduced in both size and weight. This testicular malformation was linked to a lack of spermatogenesis using immunohistochemical and histological staining. Our WKY-Dnd1(ter)/Ztm rat is a novel animal model to investigate gonadal teratocarcinogenesis and the molecular mechanisms involved in germ cell development of both genders.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Variable immune cell frequencies in peripheral blood of LEW.1AR1-iddm rats over time compared to other congenic LEW strains

Author

T Arndt, Dirk Wedekind, Anne Jörns, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, and Sigurd Lenzen

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Time Factors, CD3, T cell, Immunology, Cell, CD4-CD8 Ratio, Congenic, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Major histocompatibility complex, Rats, Mutant Strains, Immune system, Animals, Congenic, medicine, Animals, Homeostasis, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, B-Lymphocytes, Type 1 diabetes, biology, Original Articles, medicine.disease, Rats, Killer Cells, Natural, Disease Models, Animal, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, medicine.anatomical_structure, Rats, Inbred Lew, Blood Circulation, Disease Progression, biology.protein, CD8
Abstract

Summary The LEW.1AR1-iddm rat is an animal model of human type 1 diabetes (T1D), which arose through a spontaneous mutation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-congenic background strain LEW.1AR1. The LEW.1AR1-iddm rat is characterized by two phenotypes: diabetes development with a diabetes incidence of 60% and a variable T cell frequency in peripheral blood. In this study the immune cell repertoire of LEW.1AR1-iddm rats was analysed over time from days 30 to 90 of life and compared to the background strain LEW.1AR1 and the LEW rat strain as well as the LEW.1WR1 rat strain. The LEW.1AR1-iddm rats are characterized by a high variability of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+T cell frequencies in peripheral blood over time, and the frequency is unique for each animal. The variability within the frequencies resulted in changes of the CD4+ : CD8+T cell ratio. The other three rat strains studied were characterized by a stable but nevertheless strain-specific T cell frequency resulting in a specific CD4+ : CD8+T cell ratio. The frequency of natural killer (NK) cells and B cells in LEW.1AR1-iddm rats was increased, with a higher variability compared to the other strains. Only monocytes showed no differences in frequency and variability between all strains studied. These variabilities of immune cell frequencies in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rats might lead to imbalances between autoreactive and regulatory T cells in peripheral blood as a prerequisite for diabetes development.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Islet infiltration, cytokine expression and beta cell death in the NOD mouse, BB rat, Komeda rat, LEW.1AR1-iddm rat and humans with type 1 diabetes

Author

Gen-Sheng Wang, Dirk Wedekind, Conny Gysemans, Lorella Marselli, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Sigurd Lenzen, Yutaka Nakaya, Piero Marchetti, Fraser W. Scott, T Arndt, Jürgen Klempnauer, Chantal Mathieu, Andreas Meyer zu Vilsendorf, Anne Jörns, and Nagakatsu Harada

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Apoptosis, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Pathogenesis, Interferon-gamma, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Mice, Inbred NOD, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Rats, Inbred BB, Interferon gamma, 030304 developmental biology, B-Lymphocytes, 0303 health sciences, Type 1 diabetes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Pancreatic islets, medicine.disease, Islet, Immunohistochemistry, Rats, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Gene Expression Regulation, Rats, Inbred Lew, Immunology, Cytokines, Beta cell, Biobreeding rat, medicine.drug
Abstract

Research on the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes relies heavily on good animal models. The aim of this work was to study the translational value of animal models of type 1 diabetes to the human situation.We compared the four major animal models of spontaneous type 1 diabetes, namely the NOD mouse, BioBreeding (BB) rat, Komeda rat and LEW.1AR1-iddm rat, by examining the immunohistochemistry and in situ RT-PCR of immune cell infiltrate and cytokine pattern in pancreatic islets, and by comparing findings with human data.After type 1 diabetes manifestation CD8(+) T cells, CD68(+) macrophages and CD4(+) T cells were observed as the main immune cell types with declining frequency, in infiltrated islets of all diabetic pancreases. IL-1β and TNF-α were the main proinflammatory cytokines in the immune cell infiltrate in NOD mice, BB rats and LEW.1AR1-iddm rats, as well as in humans. The Komeda rat was the exception, with IFN-γ and TNF-α being the main cytokines. In addition, IL-17 and IL-6 and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 were found in some infiltrating immune cells. Apoptotic as well as proliferating beta cells were observed in infiltrated islets. In healthy pancreases no proinflammatory cytokine expression was observed.With the exception of the Komeda rat, the animal models mirror very well the situation in humans with type 1 diabetes. Thus animal models of type 1 diabetes can provide meaningful information on the disease processes in the pancreas of patients with type 1 diabetes.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. ICLAS Working Group on Harmonization: International guidance concerning the production care and use of genetically-altered animals

Author

M Rose, John C. Schofield, E Scott, G Griffin, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Jeffrey I. Everitt, and M Dennis

Subjects
Animal Experimentation, medicine.medical_specialty, General Veterinary, business.industry, education, Harmonization, Animal Welfare, Animals, Genetically Modified, Laboratory Animal Science, medicine, Animals, Production (economics), Animal Science and Zoology, Animal testing, Intensive care medicine, business
Abstract

Replacement, Reduction and Refinement, the ‘Three Rs’ of Russell & Burch, are accepted worldwide as fundamental to the ethics of animal experimentation. The production, care and use of genetically-altered animals can pose particular challenges to the implementation of the Three Rs,1 necessitating additional considerations by those responsible for overseeing the ethical use and appropriate care of animals involved in science. The International Council for Laboratory Animal Science brings representatives of the international laboratory animal science community together to recommend acceptance of guidance documents. The harmonization of guidance concerning genetically-altered animals was seen as a priority because of the increasing globalization of research involving these animals.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Treatment of male mice with gonadotropins to improve the fertilization rate and reproduction

Author

Isabell Wittur, C Elfers, Silke Glage, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, and Martina Dorsch

Subjects
Male, medicine.drug_class, media_common.quotation_subject, Biology, Chorionic Gonadotropin, Animals, Genetically Modified, Andrology, Mice, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Human fertilization, Pregnancy, Testis, medicine, Animals, Endocrine system, Spermatogenesis, Sperm motility, media_common, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Sperm Count, General Veterinary, medicine.disease, Sperm, Fertilization, Sperm Motility, Reproductive Control Agents, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Reproduction, Gonadotropin
Abstract

The possibility of modifying the genome in mice has led to an exponential increase in the number of strains that have been developed for biomedical research. This will continue during the next few decades because international programmes plan to develop genetically-modified strains for every known mouse gene. Due to our own experiences and that of colleagues we know that the reproductive performance of many of these modified stains is impeded, despite that the modification is independent from genes that control reproduction. In some cases the spermatogenesis might be disturbed. The reason presumably lies in a defective endocrine function of the testes. This can cause reduced and/or abnormal sperm production. In livestock as well as in humans these disorders can be treated with gonadotropins. One treatment period lasts for the duration of spermatogenesis of the respective species. Up to now, nothing is known about such treatments in laboratory mice to restore or increase reproduction of genetically-modified strains. Spermatogenesis in the mouse lasts approximately 35 days. Therefore, we treated sexually mature male mice of C57BL/6 and BALB/c strains with gonadotropins for this period. The aim of this study was to test the principle suitability of such treatment for the improvement of sperm count, sperm motility, fertilization ability and reproduction.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Diabetes Prevention by Immunomodulatory FTY720 Treatment in the LEW.1AR1-iddm Rat Despite Immune Cell Activation

Author

Taivankhuu Terbish, Klaus Jan Rath, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, T Arndt, Dirk Wedekind, Sigurd Lenzen, Anne Jörns, and Andreas Meyer zu Vilsendorf

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, CD8 Antigens, medicine.medical_treatment, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Lymphocyte Activation, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Proinflammatory cytokine, Immunomodulation, Endocrinology, Immune system, Sphingosine, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Animals, Pancreas, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Fingolimod Hydrochloride, business.industry, Monocyte, Pancreatic islets, Islet, medicine.disease, Rats, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokine, Gene Expression Regulation, Propylene Glycols, Immune System, Immunology, Cytokines, Female, Lymph Nodes, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, CD8
Abstract

The prevention of diabetes by the immunomodulatory agent FTY720 (fingolimod) was studied in the LEW.1AR1-iddm (IDDM) rat, an animal model of human type 1 diabetes. Immune cell subtypes and cytokine profiles in pancreatic islets, secondary lymphoid tissue, and serum were analyzed for signs of immune cell activation. Animals were treated with FTY720 (1 mg/kg body weight) for 40 d starting on d 50 of life. Changes in gene and protein expression of cytokines, CD8 markers, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, inducible NO synthase, and caspase 3 were evaluated. Treatment with FTY720 prevented diabetes manifestation and islet infiltration around d 60 of life, the usual time of spontaneous diabetes development. On d 120, 30 d after the end of FTY720 therapy, diabetes prevention persisted. However, six of 12 treated animals showed increased gene expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, and CD8 markers in pancreas-draining lymph nodes, indicating immune cell activation. In parallel, serum concentrations of these proinflammatory cytokines were increased. These six animals also showed macrophage infiltration without proinflammatory cytokine expression in a small minority (2–3%) of islets. Interestingly, regulatory T lymphocytes were significantly increased in the efferent vessels of the pancreas-draining lymph nodes only in animals without signs of immune cell activation but not in the rats with immune cell activation. This provides an indication for a lack of protective capacity in the animals with activated immune cells. Thus, FTY720 treatment prevented the manifestation of diabetes by promoting the retention of activated immune cells in the lymph nodes, thereby avoiding islet infiltration and β-cell destruction by proinflammatory cytokines.

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Collection and cryopreservation of preimplantation embryos ofCavia porcellus

Author

Martina Dorsch, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, and Silke Glage

Subjects
Cryopreservation, Male, General Veterinary, Cryoprotectant, biology, Guinea Pigs, Cavia, Routine laboratory, Preimplantation Embryos, Embryo, Reproductive cycle, biology.organism_classification, Andrology, Blastocyst, Cryoprotective Agents, medicine.anatomical_structure, Ovulation Induction, Pregnancy, Animals, Laboratory, medicine, Animals, Female, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract

SummaryIndividual differences and a rather long-lasting reproductive cycle, as well as the relatively small number of oocytes that mature during one reproductive cycle makes it difficult to establish a cryopreserved stock of preimplantation embryos of the guineapig ( Cavia porcellus) when compared with other laboratory rodents. Only a few data for superovulation protocols that can be used for routine laboratory use in guineapigs are available. However, a huge number of different strains exist for many purposes and the establishment of a frozen repository makes sense. Here, we describe the successful freezing of preimplatation embryos of the strain 2BS with a two-step freezing protocol in a freezing medium containing 1,2-propanediol as cryoprotectant. Human menopausal gonodotrophin induced superovulation in the embryo donors.

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Characterisation of electrogenic nutrient absorption in the Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu mouse model

Author

Sabine Leonhard-Marek, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, B. Tóth, and Gerhard Breves

Subjects
congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, Cystic Fibrosis, Physiology, Bicarbonate, Congenic, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, In Vitro Techniques, Carbohydrate metabolism, Biology, Biochemistry, Intestinal absorption, Membrane Potentials, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Species Specificity, Inbred strain, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Mice, Inbred CFTR, Intestinal Mucosa, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Alanine transport, Alanine, Glucose transporter, Biological Transport, Dipeptides, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Glucose, Jejunum, Intestinal Absorption, chemistry, Mice, Inbred DBA, Nutrient absorption, Mutation, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract

Most cystic fibrosis (CF) patients show an exocrine pancreatic insufficiency that results in lower enzyme and bicarbonate secretion. To test whether an altered function of nutrient transporters might additionally attribute to the lower bodyweight of CF patients we investigated electrogenic absorption of alanine, glycyl-glutamine, glucose and the effect of pH on nutrient absorption by Ussing chambers in a CF mouse model carrying the Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu mutation. The electrogenic transport of all three nutrients was similar between the D2.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu congenic strain and DBA/2J mice as well as between the B6.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu congenic strain and C57BL/6J mice. This indicates that the Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu mutation does not affect the electrogenic absorption of alanine, glycyl-glutamine and glucose. In contrast, electrogenic nutrient absorption was reduced in the CF/1-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and CF/3-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu inbred strains compared to the HsdOla:MF1, D2.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and B6.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu strains, whereas no difference was found among the wild-type strains. This indicates that not the Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu mutation but differences in the genetic background of the CF/1-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and CF/3-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu strains compared to HsdOla:MF1, D2.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and B6.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu strains are associated with the differences in electrogenic nutrient absorption. The electrogenic absorption of alanine, glycyl-glutamine and glucose was not influenced by an acidic pH (5.4) compared to absorption at pH 7.4.

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Hereditary hyperglycaemia and pancreatic degeneration in Guinea pigs

Author

Dirk Wedekind, Silke Glage, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Kenji Kamino, and Anne Jörns

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, General Veterinary, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Degeneration (medical), medicine.disease, Guinea pig, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Implant, Pancreas, business
Abstract

In this manuscript we describe two closely related inbred guinea pig strains, maintained at the Central Animal Facility of the Hannover Medical School, which develop a Type 2 diabetes mellitus-like syndrome. Both strains are characterised by a high incidence of hyperglycaemia, early onset and manifestation of hyperglycaemia (3 months of age), non-inflammatory chronic vacuolary degeneration of s-cells in the pancreas, and an opacity of the optic lens. The development of diabetes was monitored by determination of blood glucose concentration and light microscopy of various organs. The measurement of serum insulin revealed a severe decrease. Tentative treatment was done by implantation of a sustained release insulin implant, but showed no impact on the blood glucose concentration within an observation period of 8 weeks. Further functional and genetic studies are needed to verify whether these two strains of guinea pigs make valuable animal models for studying the interacting factors leading to Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Rederivation of Helicobacter hepaticus-infected Mongolian gerbils by Caesarean section and cross-fostering to rats and mice

Author

Martina Dorsch, Silke Glage, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, and André Bleich

Subjects
Rodent, animal diseases, medicine.medical_treatment, Physiology, Gerbil, Helicobacter Infections, Rodent Diseases, Mice, Animal model, Laboratory Animal Science, Pregnancy, biology.animal, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Cross-fostering, Caesarean section, Helicobacter, Behavior, Animal, General Veterinary, biology, Cesarean Section, business.industry, Helicobacter pylori, biology.organism_classification, Rats, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, nervous system, Immunology, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, sense organs, Helicobacter hepaticus, Gerbillinae, business
Abstract

The Mongolian gerbil serves as an animal model for a wide range of diseases. As these animals are extensively used for the study of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis, naturally occurring infections with rodent Helicobacter species in gerbils are a possible source of interference in studies of H. pylori-associated disease. The gerbil stock at the Central Animal Facility in Hannover was persistently infected with H. hepaticus. The aim of this study was to derive Helicobacter species-free Mongolian gerbils. Therefore, germfree gerbil pups were obtained by Caesarean section and the pups were transferred to female rats and mice with recently delivered litters. In total, four Ztm:NMRI mice, four Ztm:SPRD rats and one DA/Ztm rat that originated from a specified pathogen-free area were selected to serve as foster mothers. With this approach, it was possible to obtain Helicobacter-free gerbils. Rearing by mice was more successful than by rats, as six of nine gerbils were reared by mice, but only one of 29 gerbils was reared by rats.

Published
2007
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Immune Cell Infiltration, Cytokine Expression, and β-Cell Apoptosis During the Development of Type 1 Diabetes in the Spontaneously Diabetic LEW.1AR1/Ztm-iddmRat

Author

Anne Jörns, Dirk Wedekind, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Armin Günther, Sigurd Lenzen, and Markus Tiedge

Subjects
endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Programmed cell death, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Biology, Proinflammatory cytokine, Islets of Langerhans, Immune system, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Crosses, Genetic, B-Lymphocytes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Islet, medicine.disease, Rats, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Endocrinology, Cytokine, Gene Expression Regulation, Rats, Inbred Lew, Apoptosis, Cytokines, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Infiltration (medical)
Abstract

The IDDM (LEW.1AR1/Ztm-iddm) rat is a type 1 diabetic animal model characterized by a rapid apoptotic pancreatic beta-cell destruction. Here we have analyzed the time course of islet infiltration, changes in the cytokine expression pattern, and beta-cell apoptosis in the transition from the pre-diabetic to the diabetic state. Transition from normoglycemia to hyperglycemia occurred when beta-cell loss exceeded 60-70%. At the early stages of islet infiltration, macrophages were the predominant immune cell type in the peripherally infiltrated islets. Progression of beta-cell loss was closely linked to a severe infiltration of the whole islet by CD8+ T-cells. With progressive islet infiltration, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were expressed in immune cells but not in beta-cells. This proinflammatory cytokine expression pattern coincided with the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and procaspase 3 in beta-cells and a peak apoptosis rate of 6.7%. Islet infiltration declined after manifestation of clinical diabetes, yielding end-stage islets devoid of beta-cells and immune cells without any sign of cytokine expression. The observed coincidence of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha expression in the immune cells and the induction of iNOS and procaspase 3 mRNA expression in the beta-cells depicts a sequence of pathological changes leading to apoptotic beta-cell death in the IDDM rat. This chain of events provides a mechanistic explanation for the development of the diabetic syndrome in this animal model of human type 1 diabetes.

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. WKY/Ztm-ter: a new rat inbred strain on the WKY/Ztm genetic background with congenital teratomas

Author

K. Gärtner, Dirk Wedekind, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Kenji Kamino, B. Länger, and Martina Dorsch

Subjects
Male, Teratocarcinoma, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Rat model, Rats, Inbred WF, Biology, Statistics, Nonparametric, Tumour incidence, Testicular Neoplasms, Inbred strain, medicine, Animals, Ovarian Neoplasms, General Veterinary, Histocytochemistry, Incidence, Rat strain, Organ Size, medicine.disease, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Spontaneous mutation, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Teratoma
Abstract

We describe a new rat model for teratomas (WKY/Ztm- ter) which arose through a spontaneous mutation in the inbred WKY/Ztm rat strain. When the tumours of the gonads became clinically apparent, affected males were 14 to 224 days of age, whereas the females only developed tumours between days 21 and 63. Tumour incidence is not gender-dependent. However, almost all females develop bilateral tumours, while 50% of the males show unilateral tumours. Histologically, all examined tumours ( n = 65) represent partially undifferentiated teratocarcinomas.

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Does preoperative administration of metamizol (Novalgin®) affect postoperative body weight and duration of recovery from ketamine-xylazine anaesthesia in mice undergoing embryo transfer: A preliminary report

Author

Martina Dorsch, Klaus A. Otto, and Hans-Jürgen Hedrich

Subjects
Xylazine, medicine.medical_specialty, Premedication, medicine.medical_treatment, Dipyrone, Body weight, Mice, Preliminary report, medicine, Animals, Anesthesia, Postoperative Period, Saline, Anesthetics, Behavior, Animal, General Veterinary, business.industry, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Body Weight, Embryo Transfer, Embryo transfer, Surgery, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Ketamine xylazine, Female, Ketamine, Animal Science and Zoology, business
Abstract

Thirty-two female mice used for embryo transfer or as controls received either metamizol or equal volumes of normal saline administered subcutaneously following induction of anaesthesia with ketamine–xylazine. Body weight was measured immediately before surgery, after 24 and after 48 h. The duration of the surgical anaesthesia was recorded and postoperative behavioural responses were measured. Comparison of the treatment groups revealed no significant differences in body weight and recovery times, nor were other signs of discomfort detected in either treatment group. It was concluded that administration of metamizol did not provide additional analgesia following embryo transfer in mice anaesthetized with ketamine–xylazine.

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Are the effects of different enrichment designs on the physiology and behaviour of DBA/2 mice consistent?

Author

Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, H. D. Stelzer, H. Hackbarth, and Ping-Ping Tsai

Subjects
Male, Aging, Elevated plus maze, Coefficient of variation, Drinking, Physiology, Biology, Open field, Eating, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Corticosterone, Animals, Nest box, Sex Characteristics, Environmental enrichment, Behavior, Animal, General Veterinary, Body Weight, Organ Size, Housing, Animal, Thyroxine, chemistry, Mice, Inbred DBA, Climbing, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Sex characteristics
Abstract

Environmental enrichment is intended to improve the well-being of laboratory animals. Although many researchers have indicated that environmental enrichment may enhance animal well-being, there is some evidence that enrichment differs in its effects on physiology and behaviour between species and strains. The present study focuses on the effects of different enrichment designs on the physiology and behaviour of male and female DBA/2 mice. A total of 48 DBA/2J mice, 24 males and 24 females were used for this experiment. Upon arrival at about 3 weeks of age, the animals were randomly allotted to three experimental groups: NE, non-enrichment; E1, enriched with nest box, wooden climbing bar and nest material according to Scharmann (1993); E2, enriched with horizontal and vertical dividers, modified from Haemisch and Gärtner (1994). Same-sex groups of four mice were housed for 12 weeks in type III Makrolon cages with (E1 or E2) or without (NE) enrichment objects. Behavioural performance (Open Field, Food Drive and Elevated Plus Maze tests) and physiological traits (haematological variables, body weight and organ weights, corticosterone and thyroxine levels) were measured. This study observed that enrichment had significant effects on the mean values of body weight (females), Open Field and Food Drive tests. The most significant housing differences were found between the E2 and NE/E1 groups. Furthermore, sex differences in the NE, E1 and E2 groups were not consistent for several variables (growth rate, relative weights of spleen, kidney and heart, Food Drive and Elevated Plus Maze behavioural performance). There was often a higher coefficient of variation (CV) in the E1 and E2 groups as compared to the NE group, chiefly in physiological traits and in the Open Field and Food Drive tests. The results of this study indicate, that the effects of enrichment designs used in the present study are not consistent, but vary according to sex and the variable studied.

Published
2003
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Pulmonary microbial infection in mice: Comparison of different application methods and correlation of bacterial numbers and histopathology

Author

S. Krusch, Thomas Tschernig, Siegfried Weiss, Anke Lührmann, Burkhard Tümmler, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Martina Dorsch, M. van Griensven, and Antje Munder

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, medicine.medical_treatment, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Mice, Tracheotomy, Listeria monocytogenes, Animals, Medicine, Listeriosis, Lung, Inhalation Exposure, Mice, Inbred BALB C, biology, business.industry, Respiratory disease, Reproducibility of Results, Cell Biology, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Trachea, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Listeria, Female, Histopathology, Nasal administration, business, Respiratory tract
Abstract

Summary Many investigations have been performed in characterising experimental bacterial infections in the lung of mice using several pathogens. Robust experimental pulmonary infection models require a reproducible method of application with defined numbers of pathogens to the respiratory tract without contaminating extrapulmonary tissues. At the same time trauma due to the experimental procedure should be kept to a minimum. So far several routes of administration have been used but a systematic comparison of these methods is still missing. Here we provide a comprehensive evaluation of view controlled i.t. instillation, tracheotomy, intranasal application, blind instillation and aerosol infection. An infection dose of up to 5 × 10 4 bacteria ( L. monocytogenes ) was applied to a group of ten mice by each technique and the animals were killed after 1h or 24h. The number of viable bacteria was estimated by plating homogenates of the lungs and spleens. In addition, pathological effects on lung tissue were examined by histology 24h after infection. The highest reproducibility was achieved after applying Listeria directly in the trachea under view or by tracheotomy. However, mice were severely affected in their vitality after tracheotomy. Thus, for topical application of bacterial suspension into the lung the view controlled i.t. instillation is most appropriate.

Published
2002
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Residual cftr Expression Varies with Age in cftrtm1Hgu Cystic Fibrosis Mice: Impact on Morphology and Physiology

Author

S. Jansen, Ivo Steinmetz, Wolfgang Bernhard, J. R. Dorin, Thomas Tschernig, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, M. Larbig, B. Bellmann, David J. Porteous, B. Tuemmler, H. von der Hardt, and M. Dorsch

Subjects
Mutation, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Kidney metabolism, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Body weight, Lung pathology, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Cystic fibrosis, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Human disease, Lung disease, Immunology, medicine, Molecular Biology
Abstract

Mouse models for cystic fibrosis (CF) mimic intestinal manifestations of the human disease, but the lung disease phenotypes are lacking in most strains. In this work, the issue was addressed whether aging of the respiratory tract leads to lung pathophysiology in the exon 10 insertional mutant cftrtm1Hgu mouse. Weight gain, body weight and life-span of cftrtm1Hgu mice were significantly reduced compared with control mice. cftrtm1Hgu mice expressed 20, 21 or 37% (median) of wild-type cystic fibrosis conductance transmembrane regulator (cftr) mRNA transcript in lungs, intestine and kidney. Wild-type cftr mRNA in renal and respiratory epithelia varied with age from levels similar to Ztm:MF1 controls at the age of 2 and 4 months to levels seen in patients with CFTR splice mutations beyond the age of 6 months. The morphology of the bronchi and more distal airways was apparently normal in cftrtm1Hgu mice during their first year of life. The alveolar surfactant phospholipid pool was increased in cftrtm1Hgu mice by 1.5- to 2-fold compared with Ztm:MF1 controls. Alveolar clearance of γ-labelled scandium oxide – the first report of lung clearance measurement in living mice – was reduced in cftrtm1Hgu mice compared with littermate controls. Although no progressive lung pathology was seen in the cftr expression of cftrtm1Hgu mice, surfactant phospholipid homeostasis, and alveolar and mucociliary clearance were abnormal. Therefore, the described model is useful for studying the initial CF lung pathophysiology.

Published
2002
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Anti-TCR therapy combined with fingolimod for reversal of diabetic hyperglycemia by β cell regeneration in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat model of type 1 diabetes

Author

Andreas Meyer zu Vilsendorf, Sigurd Lenzen, Muharrem Akin, Anne Jörns, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Taivankhuu Terbish, T Arndt, and Dirk Wedekind

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Combination therapy, T-Lymphocytes, Cell, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Cell morphology, Antibodies, Immune system, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Sphingosine, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Fingolimod Hydrochloride, Internal medicine, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Genetics (clinical), Cell Proliferation, Cell growth, business.industry, Macrophages, Fingolimod, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Propylene Glycols, Apoptosis, Hyperglycemia, Cytokines, Molecular Medicine, Drug Therapy, Combination, Lymph Nodes, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract

The therapeutic capacity of an antibody directed against the T cell receptor (anti-TCR) of the TCR/CD3 complex alone or in combination with fingolimod (FTY720) to reverse the diabetic metabolic state through suppression of autoimmunity and stimulation of β cell regeneration was analyzed in the LEW.1AR1-iddm (IDDM) rat, an animal model of human type 1 diabetes. Animals were treated with anti-TCR (0.5 mg/kg body weight for 5 days) monotherapy or in combination with fingolimod (1 mg/kg body weight for 40 days). Metabolic changes and β cell morphology were analyzed before, immediately after, and 60 days after end of therapy. Both therapies were started early after disease manifestation and led to normoglycemia in parallel with an increase of the C-peptide concentration. Combination therapy increased the β cell mass reaching a range of normoglycemic controls, decreased the apoptosis rate fivefold, and increased the proliferation rate threefold. Additionally, at 60 days after therapy, islets were virtually free of T cells, macrophages, and cytokine expression. In contrast, after anti-TCR monotherapy, β cell mass remained low with an activated immune cell infiltrate. A concomitant fivefold increased β cell apoptosis rate resulted in a complete loss of β cells. Only combination therapy yielded sustained normoglycemia with full reversal of islet infiltration and restoration of pancreatic β cell mass.Combination therapy of anti-TCR and fingolimod was effective in the reversal of T1D. Combination therapy increased the pancreatic β cell mass to normoglycemic control levels. Combination therapy leads to a full reversal of pancreatic islet infiltration. Anti-TCR monotherapy did not abolish islet infiltration. Combination therapy was successful only immediately after diabetes manifestation.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Auditory and vestibular defects in the circling (ci2) rat mutant

Author

Wolfgang Löscher, Maren Fedrowitz, Dirk Wedekind, Ulrich Ebert, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Alexander Kaiser, and Elke Zimmermann

Subjects
Vestibular system, medicine.medical_specialty, Ataxia, General Neuroscience, Medial vestibular nucleus, Biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Vestibular nuclei, Internal medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Inner ear, sense organs, Hair cell, medicine.symptom, Neuroscience, Cochlea, Vestibular Hair Cell
Abstract

The circling rat is an autosomal recessive mutant (homozygous ci2/ci2) that displays lateralized circling behaviour, locomotor hyperactivity, ataxia and stereotypic head-movement. These abnormal behaviours occur in phases or bursts either spontaneously or in response to stress. Heterozygous (ci2/+) littermates display normal spontaneous behaviours. We have previously found that ci2/ci2 rats of both genders have a lower tissue content of dopamine in the striatum ipsilateral to the preferred direction of rotation, indicating that the rats turn away from the brain hemisphere with higher striatal dopaminergic activity. In view of the similarities of the motor syndrome of the ci2/ci2 mutant rat to that of mouse deafness mutants, the present study evaluated the hearing ability of the circling rat mutant by recording brainstem auditory-evoked potentials. To test for vestibular dysfunction, a swimming test was conducted. Histological methods were used to examine the cochlear and vestibular parts of the inner ear and the cochlear and vestibular brainstem nuclei for defects. The absence of auditory-evoked potentials demonstrated a complete hearing loss in the adult ci2/ci2 mutant rat, whereas heterozygous littermates exhibited auditory-evoked potentials with thresholds resembling those of other laboratory strains. Furthermore, the mutant rats were unable to swim. Histological analysis of the inner ear of adult mutants revealed virtually complete loss of the cochlear neuroepithelium, while no such hair cell degeneration was seen in the vestibular parts of the inner ear. However, part of the vestibular hair cells showed protrusions into the endolymphatic space, suggesting alterations in the cytoskeletal architecture. The histological findings in mutant circling rats strongly indicate that the hearing loss of the mutants is of the sensory neural type, the most prevalent type of hearing loss. In the cochlear nuclei of the brain stem of mutant rats, neurons exhibited an abnormal shape, reduced size and increased density compared to controls. In contrast, no abnormal neuronal morphology was seen in the vestibular nuclei, but a significantly reduced neuronal density was found in the medial vestibular nucleus. Abnormal vestibular function would be a likely explanation for the disturbed balance of mutant rats as exemplified by the ataxia and the inability to swim, whereas the previous data on these rats strongly indicate an involvement of the basal ganglia in the abnormal circling behaviour. The genetic defect in the mutant rats, thus, results in a clinical syndrome with features also seen in human genetic disorders with deafness and hyperkinesia, making the ci2/ci2 rat an excellent model for investigating both cochlear/vestibular dysfunction and hyperkinetic movement disorders.

Published
2001
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. The numbers of leukocyte subsets in lung sections differ between intercellular adhesion molecule-1–/–, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1–/– mice and intercellular adhesion molecule-1–/– mice after aerosol exposure to Haemophilus influenzae type-b

Author

Reinhard Pabst, B. Šinikovic, Thomas Tschernig, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, and M. Larbig

Subjects
Haemophilus Infections, Lymphocyte, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Cell Count, Inflammation, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Haemophilus influenzae, Mice, Cell Movement, medicine, Animals, Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, Lung, Molecular Biology, Aerosols, Mice, Knockout, Cell adhesion molecule, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Immunohistochemistry, Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1, Lymphocyte Subsets, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, medicine.symptom, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Abstract

In order to investigate the role of the adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) in pulmonary immunological processes, leukocyte populations were stained immunohistochemically on cryostat lung sections of ICAM-1-/- and LFA-1-/- mice. A further group of ICAM-1-/- mice was exposed to Haemophilus influenzae type-b (Hib) 24 h before being sacrificed. Comparison of the numbers of leukocytes in these groups revealed different behaviors of the leukocyte subsets: granulocytes were significantly increased in all three groups. Lymphocytes were increased in ICAM-1-/- mice, while there was no significant difference in LFA-1-/- and even a decrease in ICAM-1-/- mice after Hib exposure. Neither in ICAM-1-/- nor in LFA-1-/- mice did macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) show significant differences to control animals. After Hib exposure, a significant elevation of DCs was observed. The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) all investigated leukocyte subsets can use ICAM-1- and LFA-1-independent pathways in the lungs of mice; (2) the pathways used by the leukocytes are cell-type specific; (3) ICAM-1 plays an important role in the enhanced recruitment of lymphocytes during Hib challenge in the lung; and (4) the alternative migratory mechanisms are able to compensate for the absence of ICAM-1 or LFA-1 or even lead to increased cell numbers. This overcompensation can be seen as a result of a balance between active alternative migratory mechanisms, which takes place in the absence of ICAM-1 or LFA-1.

Published
2001
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. A new rat model for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Iddm)

Author

Dirk Wedekind, Günter Klöppel, Anne Jörns, M. Tiedge, M. Elsner, Sigurd Lenzen, S. Lortz, C.-M. Prokop, and Hans-Jürgen Hedrich

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, General Veterinary, business.industry, Insulin dependent diabetes, Internal medicine, Rat model, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, business
Published
2000
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Differences in acquisition and full performance in skilled forelimb use as measured by the 'staircase test' in five rat strains

Author

Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Christoph Rosenthal, Madjid Samii, and Guido Nikkhah

Subjects
Measurement method, Genotype, Body Weight, Central nervous system, Rats, Inbred Strains, Body movement, Body weight, Rats, Behavioral Neuroscience, medicine.anatomical_structure, Species Specificity, Inbred strain, Forelimb, Weight Loss, medicine, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Learning, Female, Psychology, Motor learning, Neuroscience, Psychomotor Performance, Motor cortex
Abstract

Skilled forelimb use was examined in five different rat strains (DA/Ztm, LEW/Ztm-ci, LEW.1W/Ztm, SD/Ztm, SPRD/Ztm-Cu3) by means of the 'staircase test', as originally described by Montoya et al. [20] (C.P. Montoya, H.L. Campbell, K.D. Pemberton, S.B. Dunnett, The 'staircase test': A measure of independent forelimb reaching and grasping abilities in rats, J. Neurosci. Methods 36 (1991) 219-228). Strain-dependent differences were observed most prominently during the acquisition phase, and less pronounced, at the full performance level. SD/Ztm and DA/Ztm rat strains seemed to be particularly skilled in their forelimb use, although with varying levels of activity. Interestingly, significant differences in skilled forelimb movements were found between the related Sprague-Dawley derived and Lewis congenic rat strains. No clear-cut correlation was found between skilled forelimb use and basic nutrition-dependent measures, such as pretest body weight or weightloss during the test period. Based on previous observations on strain-dependent behavioral variations it seems likely that the differences in skilled forelimb use, as observed in the present study, might be caused by morphological and/or functional strain-dependent alterations in the involved neuronal circuitries, such as motor cortex, caudate-putamen unit and mesotelencephalic dopamine system. However, they should also be considered as potentially influencing parameters in studies related to the behavioral effects of lesions and restorative therapies in the central nervous system.

Published
1998
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Lung surfactant in a cystic fibrosis animal model: increased alveolar phospholipid pool size without altered composition and surface tension function in cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice

Author

Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Wolfgang Bernhard, H. von der Hardt, Burkhard Tümmler, J Y Wang, and Thomas Tschernig

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins, Cystic Fibrosis, Proteolipids, Phospholipid, Mice, Inbred Strains, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pulmonary surfactant, Internal medicine, Phosphatidylcholine, medicine, Animals, Lung, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Phospholipids, Surfactant homeostasis, Glycoproteins, Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A, Analysis of Variance, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Pulmonary Surfactants, respiratory system, Mice, Mutant Strains, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Surfactant protein A, Bronchoalveolar lavage, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Papers, Phosphatidylcholines, business, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Progressive pulmonary dysfunction is a characteristic symptom of cystic fibrosis (CF) and is associated with functional impairment and biochemical alterations of surfactant phospholipids in the airways. However, the fundamental question of whether surfactant alterations in the CF lung are secondary to the pulmonary damage or are present before initiation of chronic infection and inflammation has yet to be resolved in patients with cystic fibrosis but can now be addressed in CF mice that exhibit the basic defect in the airways. A study was therefore undertaken to investigate the pool sizes, composition, and function of lung surfactant in the non-infected cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mouse. METHODS: The amount and composition of phospholipid classes and phosphatidylcholine molecular species were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lavaged lungs by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Surfactant protein A (SP- A) levels in BAL fluid were determined by ELISA and surfactant for functional measurements was isolated from BAL fluid by differential ultracentrifugation. Equilibrium and minimal surface tension of surfactant was assessed by the pulsating bubble surfactometer technique. MF1, BALB/c, C57/BL6, and C3H/He mice served as controls. RESULTS: BAL fluid of cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice contained 1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89 to 1.16) mumol phospholipid and 259 (239 to 279) ng SP-A. BAL fluid of MF1, BALB/c, C57BL/6, and C3H/He mice contained 0.69 (0.63 to 0.75), 0.50 (0.42 to 0.57), 0.52 (0.40 to 0.64), and 0.45 (0.27 to 0.63) mumol phospholipid, respectively. After correction for the different body weights of mouse strains, phospholipid levels in BAL fluid of cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice were increased by 64 (52 to 76)%, 60 (39 to 89)%, 72 (45 to 113)%, and 92 (49 to 163)%, respectively, compared with controls. The amount of SP-A in BAL fluid and the composition of phospholipid as well as phosphatidylcholine molecular species in BAL fluid and lung tissue was unchanged in cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice compared with controls. The increase in phospholipids in BAL fluid of cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice resulted from an increased fraction of large aggregates which exhibited normal surface tension function. CONCLUSION: In cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice surfactant homeostasis is perturbed by an increased phospholipid pool in the alveolar compartment.

Published
1997
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Behavioural and neurochemical dysfunction in the circling (ci) rat: A novel genetic animal model of a movement disorder

Author

C. Rosenthal, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, G. Nikkhah, Angelika Richter, Wolfgang Löscher, and Ulrich Ebert

Subjects
Male, Parkinson's disease, Apomorphine, Dopamine, Striatum, Motor Activity, Antiparkinson Agents, chemistry.chemical_compound, Neurochemical, Forelimb, Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists, medicine, Animals, Amphetamine, Neurotransmitter, Brain Chemistry, Movement Disorders, Behavior, Animal, General Neuroscience, Parkinsonism, medicine.disease, Rats, chemistry, Motor Skills, Rats, Inbred Lew, Mutation, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Female, Dizocilpine Maleate, Stereotyped Behavior, Psychology, Neuroscience, medicine.drug
Abstract

One of the crucial breakthroughs in research on parkinsonism was the observation of circling behaviour in rodents after unilateral intranigral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine. This Ungerstedt model remains one of the basic animal models of Parkinson's disease. We report here the first mutant rat strain with abnormal circling behaviour and several other features reminiscent of the Ungerstedt Parkinson model. The neurological disorder in the novel mutant rat strain is determined monogenetically by a recessive autosomal gene termed circling (ci). Mutant rats of both genders exhibit an intense asymmetric circling in an open-field or rotometer, which is enhanced by treatment with amphetamine. Neurochemical determinations show that mutants of both genders have significantly lower concentrations of dopamine and dopamine metabolites in the striatum ipsilateral to the preferred direction of rotation. Furthermore, in a forelimb-reaching test for assessing the skilled motor capacities of rats, ci rats show a marked deficit on the side contralateral to the preferred direction of turning, which is analogous to motor deficits previously described for rats subjected to unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. The new mutant rat strain thus exhibits remarkable similarities to the Ungerstedt model and could be used to study the endogenous processes, particularly the genetic components, that might eventually lead to progressive motor dysfunctions.

Published
1996
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Vocal correlates of sender-identity and arousal in the isolation calls of domestic kitten (Felis silvestris catus)

Author

Wiebke S. Konerding, Eva Bleich, Anna-Elisa Roser, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Elke Zimmermann, and Marina Scheumann

Subjects
Communication, biology, business.industry, Research, Felis, Identity (social science), Infant, Cat, Vocalisation, biology.organism_classification, Individual signature, Paralanguage, Mammal, Arousal, Kitten, biology.animal, Low arousal theory, lcsh:Zoology, Isolation (psychology), Animal Science and Zoology, Communication source, lcsh:QL1-991, business, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Affect-intensity
Abstract

Introduction Human speech does not only communicate linguistic information but also paralinguistic features, e.g. information about the identity and the arousal state of the sender. Comparable morphological and physiological constraints on vocal production in mammals suggest the existence of commonalities encoding sender-identity and the arousal state of a sender across mammals. To explore this hypothesis and to investigate whether specific acoustic parameters encode for sender-identity while others encode for arousal, we studied infants of the domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus). Kittens are an excellent model for analysing vocal correlates of sender-identity and arousal. They strongly depend on the care of their mother. Thus, the acoustical conveyance of sender-identity and arousal may be important for their survival. Results We recorded calls of 18 kittens in an experimentally-induced separation paradigm, where kittens were spatially separated from their mother and siblings. In the Low arousal condition, infants were just separated without any manipulation. In the High arousal condition infants were handled by the experimenter. Multi-parametric sound analyses revealed that kitten isolation calls are individually distinct and differ between the Low and High arousal conditions. Our results suggested that source- and filter-related parameters are important for encoding sender-identity, whereas time-, source- and tonality-related parameters are important for encoding arousal. Conclusion Comparable findings in other mammalian lineages provide evidence for commonalities in non-verbal cues encoding sender-identity and arousal across mammals comparable to paralinguistic cues in humans. This favours the establishment of general concepts for voice recognition and emotions in humans and animals.

Published
2012

30. Zinc-finger nuclease mediated disruption of Rag1 in the LEW/Ztm rat

Author

Nils-Holger Zschemisch, Martina Dorsch, Dirk Wedekind, Silke Glage, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Edward Weinstein, and Xiaoxia Cui

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Genotype, Lymphoid Tissue, Molecular Sequence Data, Immunology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Biology, Lymphocyte Depletion, Rats, Mutant Strains, Recombination-activating gene, Frameshift mutation, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Lymphocytes, Rag1, Frameshift Mutation, Microinjection, Gene, Alleles, Homeodomain Proteins, Zinc finger, Base Sequence, fungi, Gene targeting, Zinc Fingers, Hypoplastic thymus, Embryo, Mammalian, Endonucleases, Flow Cytometry, Molecular biology, Zinc finger nuclease, Rats, Germ Cells, chemistry, Rats, Inbred Lew, Gene Targeting, Zinc-finger nucleases, Rat, Natural killer cells, lcsh:RC581-607, DNA, Research Article
Abstract

Background Engineered zinc-finger nucleases (ZFN) represented an innovative method for the genome manipulation in vertebrates. ZFN introduced targeted DNA double strand breaks (DSB) and initiated non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) after pronuclear or cytoplasmatic microinjection into zygotes. Resulting frame shift mutations led to functional gene ablations in zebra fish, mice, pigs and also in laboratory rats. Therefore, we targeted the rat Rag1 gene essential for the V(D)J recombination within the immunoglobulin production process and for the differentiation of mature B and T lymphocytes to generate an immunodeficient rat model in the LEW/Ztm strain. Results After microinjection of Rag1 specific ZFN mRNAs in 623 zygotes of inbred LEW/Ztm rats 59 offspring were born from which one carried a 4 bp deletion. This frame shift mutation led to a premature stop codon and a subsequently truncated Rag1 protein confirmed by the loss of the full-length protein in Western Blot analysis. Truncation of the Rag1 protein was characterized by the complete depletion of mature B cells. The remaining T cell population contained mature CD4+/CD3+/TCRαβ+ as well as CD8+/CD3+/TCRαβ+ positive lymphocytes accompanied by a compensatory increase of natural killer cells in the peripheral blood. Reduction of T cell development in Rag1 mutant rats was associated with a hypoplastic thymus that lacked follicular structures. Histological evaluation also revealed the near-complete absence of lymphocytes in spleen and lymph nodes in the immunodeficient Rag1 mutant rat. Conclusion The Rag1 mutant rat will serve as an important model for transplantation studies. Furthermore, it may be used as a model for reconstitution experiments related to the immune system, particularly with respect to different populations of human lymphocytes, natural killer cells and autoimmune phenomena.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Mice may become caught in nesting material

Author

André Bleich, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Emily Northrup, and Nadine Held

Subjects
Male, Mice, General Veterinary, Reproduction, Zoology, Nesting (process), Animals, Animal Science and Zoology, Female, Biology, Housing, Animal
Published
2012

32. Comparative evaluation of establishing a human gut microbial community within rodent models

Author

Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Melissa L. Wos-Oxley, Eva Medina, Lydia M. Janus, Dietmar H. Pieper, Stefan Taudien, Marina C. Pils, Matthias Platzer, André Bleich, Silke Kahl, Hannes Nahrstedt, Andrew P. A. Oxley, and Anna Smoczek

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Rodent, Bacteria, Ecology, Gastroenterology, Zoology, Biology, Microbiology, Biota, Comparative evaluation, Rats, Gastrointestinal Tract, Mice, Infectious Diseases, Human gut, Microbial population biology, biology.animal, Animals, Germ-Free Life, Humans, Research Paper
Abstract

The structure of the human gut microbial community is determined by host genetics and environmental factors, where alterations in its structure have been associated with the onset of different diseases. Establishing a defined human gut microbial community within inbred rodent models provides a means to study microbial-related pathologies, however, an in-depth comparison of the established human gut microbiota in the different models is lacking. We compared the efficiency of establishing the bacterial component of a defined human microbial community within germ-free (GF) rats, GF mice, and antibiotic-treated specific pathogen-free mice. Remarkable differences were observed between the different rodent models. While the majority of abundant human-donor bacterial phylotypes were established in the GF rats, only a subset was present in the GF mice. Despite the fact that members of the phylum Bacteriodetes were well established in all rodent models, mice enriched for phylotypes related to species of Bacteroides. In contrary to the efficiency of Clostridiales to populate the GF rat in relative proportions to that of the human-donor, members of Clostridia cluster IV only poorly colonize the mouse gut. Thus, the genetic background of the different recipient rodent systems (that is, rats and mice) strongly influences the nature of the populating human gut microbiota, determining each model's biological suitability.

Published
2012

33. Paw preference is not affected by postural demand in a nonprimate mammal (Felis silvestris catus)

Author

Elke Zimmermann, Wiebke S. Konerding, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, and Eva Bleich

Subjects
Related factors, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Felis, Posture, Anatomy, Sitting, biology.organism_classification, Preference, Functional Laterality, Primate evolution, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, biology.animal, Laterality, medicine, Cats, Animals, Mammal, Primate, Female, Psychology (miscellaneous), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Previously, it has been thought that handedness is unique to humans. Recently, it has been found that hand or paw preferences are common among a variety of vertebrate species. Different models have been put forth to describe the evolution of primate handedness. In this study we aimed to explore whether these models can also be used to predict manual laterality in nonprimate mammalian groups. The cat (Felis silvestris catus) is a good nonprimate model for manual laterality, as cats frequently use paws to catch and hold prey. Cats were exposed to two standardized manual laterality tasks, differing in postural demand. Subjects (N = 28) were forced to use either a stable or unstable body posture (i.e., sitting or standing vs. vertical clinging) to extract food items from a plastic box attached at two different heights. We revealed that cats exhibited paw preferences at an individual level with about 40% left, 30% right, 30% nonlateralized subjects. Postural demand was linked to task difficulty: the unstable body posture was found to be significantly more difficult than the stable body posture. However, these differences in postural demand and task difficulty did not lead to differences in direction or strength of paw preference. Findings suggested that nonprimate mammals differ from primates in their sensitivity to task related factors, such as postural demand. Results coincide with those of some prosimians, providing support for the hypothesis that postural demand and the associated task complexity became influencing factors on manual laterality in the course of primate evolution.

Published
2011

35. Successful sanitation of an EDIM-infected mouse colony by breeding cessation

Author

Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, André Bleich, and Nadine Held

Subjects
Genetically modified mouse, education.field_of_study, Animal breeding, General Veterinary, Sanitation, media_common.quotation_subject, Transgene, Population, Disease, Biology, Breeding, Virology, Housing, Animal, Virus, Rotavirus Infections, Mice, Hygiene, Euthanasia, Animal, Animals, Laboratory, Immunology, Animals, Animal Science and Zoology, education, media_common
Abstract

Despite decreasing prevalence, rotavirus infections still rank among the most important viral infections in colonies of laboratory mice. Although the disease is characterized by low mortality and a relatively short and mild clinical period, the infection has the potential to alter the outcome of experiments substantially. For animal facilities, it is therefore essential to eradicate the virus. Here we report a successful sanitation of a rotavirus-infected mouse colony in an animal facility. Despite a high ratio of transgenic and partially immunodeficient strains, a permanent eradication of the virus was achieved by euthanasia of highly susceptible mice, a prolonged breeding cessation in areas containing immunocompromised mice and a strict hygienic management. The management of a rotavirus infection reported here is a feasible and inexpensive opportunity for sanitation that benefits from maintaining most of the animal population, even in today's mouse colonies comprising mainly transgenic mice with unknown or compromised immune status.

Published
2011

36. Loss of Dnd1 facilitates the cultivation of genital ridge-derived rat embryonic germ cells

Author

Nils-Holger Zschemisch, Silke Glage, Martina Dorsch, Cornelia Rudolph, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Emily Northrup, Regina Eisenblätter, and Brigitte Schlegelberger

Subjects
Male, Embryonic Germ Cells, Gonadal ridge, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, RNA-Binding Proteins, Embryo, Rats, Inbred Strains, Cell Biology, Biology, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, Embryonic stem cell, Rats, medicine.anatomical_structure, Germ Cells, medicine, Animals, Neoplastic transformation, Female, Genes, Tumor Suppressor, Teratoma, Germ line development, Germ cell, Cells, Cultured
Abstract

Pluripotent cells referred to as embryonic germ cells (EGCs) can be derived from the embryonic precursors of the mature gametes: the primordial germ cells (PGCs). A homozygous mutation (ter) of the dead-end homolog 1 gene (Dnd1) in the rat causes gonadal teratocarcinogenesis and sterility due to neoplastic transformation and loss of germ cells. We mated heterozygous ter/+ WKY-Dnd1(ter)/Ztm rats and were able to cultivate the first genital ridge-derived EGCs of the rat embryo at day 14.5 post coitum (pc). Genotyping revealed that ten EGC lines were Dnd1 deficient, while only one wild type cell line had survived in culture. This suggests that the inactivation of the putative tumor suppressor gene Dnd1 facilitates the immortalization of late EGCs in vitro. Injection of the wild type EGCs into blastocysts resulted in the first germ-line competent chimeras. These new pluripotent rat EGCs offer an innovative approach for studies on germ cell tumor development as well as a new tool for genetic manipulations in rats.

Published
2011

38. Prevention of spontaneous immune-mediated diabetes development in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat by selective CD8+ T cell transfer is associated with a cytokine shift in the pancreas-draining lymph nodes

Author

T Arndt, Anne Jörns, Dirk Wedekind, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Sigurd Lenzen, H Weiss, and Markus Tiedge

Subjects
Blood Glucose, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Adoptive cell transfer, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, T cell, Gene Expression, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Immunophenotyping, Prediabetic State, Rats, Nude, Immune system, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Animals, IL-2 receptor, Lymph node, Pancreas, business.industry, Adoptive Transfer, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Lymphatic system, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Rats, Inbred Lew, Immunology, Cytokines, Lymph Nodes, business, CD8
Abstract

The LEW.1AR1-iddm rat is an animal model of spontaneous type 1 diabetes mellitus. This study analysed how adoptive transfer of selective T cell subpopulations affects the incidence of diabetes. CD4+ or CD8+ T cells were isolated from diabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats or diabetes-resistant LEW.1AR1 rats. Cells were selectively transferred into athymic LEW.1AR1-Whn rnu or prediabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats. The animals were monitored for blood glucose, islet infiltration and immune cell composition of pancreas-draining lymph nodes. After adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells from diabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats into athymic LEW.1AR1-Whn rnu rats, 50% of the recipients developed diabetes. Transfer of CD8+ T cells failed to induce diabetes. Only 10% of the athymic recipients became diabetic after co-transfer of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cells from LEW.1AR1 or diabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats into prediabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats significantly reduced the incidence of diabetes. In protected normoglycaemic animals regulatory CD8+/CD25+ and CD4+/CD25+ T cell subpopulations that were also FOXP3-positive accumulated in the pancreas-draining lymph nodes. In this lymphatic organ, gene expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines was significantly higher than in diabetic rats. Our results show that adoptive transfer of CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells from diabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats induced diabetes development. Importantly, CD8+ T cells from diabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats and diabetes-resistant LEW.1AR1 rats provided protection against beta cell destruction. The accumulation of regulatory T cells in the pancreas-draining lymph nodes from protected rats indicates that transferred CD8+ T cells may have beneficial effects in the control of beta cell autoimmunity.

Published
2008

39. Klebsiella oxytoca: opportunistic infections in laboratory rodents

Author

Anna Smoczek, Petra Kirsch, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, John P. Sundberg, Hany Sahly, James R. Fahey, and André Bleich

Subjects
Serotype, DNA, Bacterial, Klebsiella, Opportunistic Infections, Polymerase Chain Reaction, law.invention, Microbiology, Rodent Diseases, Mice, Intergenic region, law, Animals, Laboratory, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, medicine, Animals, Serotyping, Polymerase chain reaction, Mice, Inbred C3H, General Veterinary, biology, Arvicolinae, Histocytochemistry, Klebsiella oxytoca, biology.organism_classification, rpoB, medicine.disease, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Klebsiella Infections, Rats, Rats, Inbred Lew, Animal Science and Zoology, Pneumonia (non-human)
Abstract

Opportunistic pathogens have become increasingly relevant as the causative agents of clinical disease and pathological lesions in laboratory animals. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of Klebsiella oxytoca as an opportunistic pathogen in laboratory rodents. Therefore, K. oxytoca-induced lesions were studied from 2004 to early 2006 in naturally infected rodent colonies maintained at The Jackson Laboratory (TJL), Bar Harbor, USA, the Animal Research Centre (Tierforschungszentrum, TFZ) of the University of Ulm, Germany and the Central Animal Facility (ZTM) of the Hannover Medical School, Germany. K. oxytoca infections were observed in substrains of C3H/HeJ mice, which carry the Tlr4Lps-d allele; in LEW.1AR1- iddm rats, the latter being prone to diabetes mellitus; in immunodeficient NMRI- Foxn1nu mice; and in mole voles, Ellobius lutescens. The main lesions observed were severe suppurative otitis media, urogenital tract infections and pneumonia. Bacteriological examination revealed K. oxytoca as monocultures in all cases. Clonality analysis performed on strains isolated at the ZTM and TFZ (serotyping, pulse field gel electrophoresis [PFGE], enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) polymerase chain reaction, sequencing of 16S rRNA and rpoB genes) revealed that the majority of bacteria belonged to two clones, one in each facility, expressing the capsule type K55 (ZTM) or K72 (TFZ). Two strains, one isolated at the ZTM and one at the TFZ, showed different PFGE and ERIC pattern than all other isolates and both expressed capsule type K35. In conclusion, K. oxytoca is an opportunistic pathogen capable of inducing pathological lesions in different rodent species.

Published
2008

40. Very mild disease phenotype of congenic Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu cystic fibrosis mice

Author

Balázs Tóth, Marion Burmester, Frauke Stanke, Gerhard Breves, S. Jansen, Martina Dorsch, Hugo R. de Jonge, Martina Wilke, Nikoletta Charizopoulou, Burkhard Tümmler, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Sabine Leonhard-Marek, Dirk Wedekind, Alice G. M. Bot, Public Health, Biochemistry, and Erasmus MC other

Subjects
Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, lcsh:QH426-470, Cystic Fibrosis, Genotype, Genetic Linkage, Mutant, Congenic, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, medicine.disease_cause, Cystic fibrosis, Mice, Mice, Congenic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Chlorides, Inbred strain, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Mice, Inbred CFTR, Genetics(clinical), Genetics (clinical), Analysis of Variance, Mutation, biology, Body Weight, Colforsin, Wild type, medicine.disease, Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, lcsh:Genetics, Disease Models, Animal, Fertility, Phenotype, biology.protein, Carbachol, Female, Research Article, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

Background A major boost to cystic fibrosis disease research was given by the generation of various mouse models using gene targeting in embryonal stem cells. Moreover, the introduction of the same mutation on different inbred strains generating congenic strains facilitated the search for modifier genes. From the original Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu mouse model with a divergent genetic background (129/Sv, C57BL/6, HsdOla:MF1) two inbred mutant mouse strains CF/1-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and CF/3-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu had been generated using strict brother × sister mating. CF/1-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and CF/3-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu mice were fertile and showed normal growth and lifespan. In this work the Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu insertional mutation was backcrossed from CF/3-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu onto the inbred backgrounds C57BL/6J and DBA/2J generating congenic animals in order to clarify the differential impact of the Cftr mutation and the genetic background on the disease phenotype of the cystic fibrosis mutant mice. Clinical and electrophysiological features of the two congenic strains were compared with those of CF/1-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and CF/3-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and wild type controls. Results Under the standardized housing conditions of the animal facility, the four mouse strains CF/1-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu , CF/3-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu , D2.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu and B6.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu exhibited normal life expectancy. Growth of congenic cystic fibrosis mice was comparable with that of wild type controls. All mice but D2.129P2(CF/3)-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu females were fertile. Short circuit current measurements revealed characteristic response profiles of the HsdOla:MF1, DBA/2J and C57BL/6J backgrounds in nose, ileum and colon. All cystic fibrosis mouse lines showed the disease-typical hyperresponsiveness to amiloride in the respiratory epithelium. The mean chloride secretory responses to carbachol or forskolin were 15–100% of those of the cognate wild type control animals. Conclusion The amelioration of the clinical features and of the basic defect that had emerged during the generation of CF/3-Cftr TgH(neoim)Hgu mice was retained in the congenic mice indicating that the Cftr linkage group or other loci shared between the inbred strains contain(s) the major modifier(s) of attenuation of cystic fibrosis symptoms.

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Effects of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid and adoptive transfer of immune cells in the Lew.1AR1-iddm rat and in its coisogenic LEW.1AR1 background strain

Author

H Weiss, Dirk Wedekind, Markus Tiedge, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Sigurd Lenzen, and Anne Jörns

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adoptive cell transfer, endocrine system diseases, T-Lymphocytes, Immunology, Congenic, Apoptosis, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Lymphocyte Activation, Autoimmunity, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, chemistry.chemical_compound, Rats, Nude, Immune system, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Concanavalin A, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Pancreas, Type 1 diabetes, medicine.disease, Adoptive Transfer, Immunohistochemistry, Rats, Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms, Disease Models, Animal, Endocrinology, Poly I-C, chemistry, Rats, Inbred Lew, Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, Female, Insulitis
Abstract

The importance of the cellular immune system for the development of T1DM in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat was investigated by use of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and by adoptive transfer of concanavalin A (Con A) activated lymphocytes from diabetic LEW.1AR1-iddm rats and the coisogenic LEW.AR1 background strain. Poly I:C treatment induced diabetes, characterized morphologically by a diffuse infiltration of the pancreas, in up to 20% of the animals of the coisogenic LEW.1AR1 background strain. It did not increase the diabetes incidence of 30% of the LEW.1AR1-iddm strain. In contrast Poly I:C treatment induced diabetes in up to 80% of the animals of the Mhc congenic LEW.1WR1 strain. Adoptive transfer of lymphocytes activated by the T-cell mitogen Con A from diabetic donors doubled the incidence of diabetes, characterized morphologically by a focal insulitis, in diabetes prone LEW.1AR1-iddm recipients. In contrast, animals of the LEW.1AR1 background strain did not develop diabetes after adoptive transfer. Moreover, adoptive transfer of Con A activated lymphocytes from LEW.1AR1 rats to LEW.1AR1-iddm rats with 30 or 60% diabetes incidence, significantly decreased the incidence of diabetes in LEW.1AR1-iddm rats with 60% diabetes incidence. The results show that autoreactive lymphocytes induce beta cell destruction in the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat, while the LEW.AR1 background strain apparently contains regulatory potential, which is able to counteract the autoimmune response.

Published
2005

46. Genetic analysis of the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat: an animal model for spontaneous diabetes mellitus

Author

H Weiss, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Matthias Elsner, Sigurd Lenzen, Dirk Wedekind, Anne Jörns, Bernd Kölsch, André Bleich, and Markus Tiedge

Subjects
endocrine system diseases, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, Genome, Synteny, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Mice, Genetic linkage, Genetics, Polymorphic Microsatellite Marker, Animals, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Rats, Inbred BB, Gene, Chromosome Mapping, Human genetics, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Rats, Inbred Lew, Microsatellite, Human genome, Lod Score, Microsatellite Repeats
Abstract

The LEW.1AR1-iddm/Ztm rat is a new animal model of type 1 diabetes mellitus, which shows an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance for the diabetes-inducing gene. The aim of this study was to define predisposing loci of the diabetic syndrome by linkage analysis using microsatellite markers. A backcross population of 218 rats (BN x LEW.1AR1-iddm) x LEW.1AR1-iddm was analyzed using 157 polymorphic microsatellite markers covering the entire genome. Three genomic regions showed a significant linkage to the diabetic syndrome. The first susceptibility locus on rat Chromosome (RNO) 1 (LOD score 4.13) mapped to the region 1q51-55, which codes for potential candidate genes like Ins1 and Nkx2-3. The second susceptibility locus was also localized on RNO1 in the centromeric region 1p11 (LOD score 2.7) encompassing the Sod2 gene. The third quantitative trait loci (LOD score 2.97) was located on RNO20 within the major histocompatibility complex region. Comparative mapping revealed that the homologous regions in the human genome contain the IDDM loci 1, 5, 8, and 17. The identification of diabetes susceptibility regions of the genetically uniform LEW.1AR1-iddm rat strain will pave the way toward a detailed characterization of the loci conferring diabetes development as well as their functional relevance for the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Published
2004

47. Orthotopic transplantation of rat ovaries as a tool for strain rescue

Author

Martina Dorsch, Dirk Wedekind, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, and Kenji Kamino

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Ovariectomy, Biology, Reproductive cycle, medicine.disease_cause, Andrology, Rodent Diseases, Orthotopic transplantation, Inbred strain, Pregnancy, medicine, Animals, Transplantation, Homologous, media_common, Mutation, General Veterinary, Strain (biology), Reproduction, Histological Techniques, Ovary, Rats, Inbred Strains, Rats, Transplantation, Ovariectomized rat, Animal Science and Zoology, Female, Infertility, Female
Abstract

Spontaneous mutations in inbred strains provide valuable resources for new disease models. Unfortunately, these mutations may affect reproduction, which require considerable efforts in breeding management. We transplanted ovaries of such mutant rat strains orthotopically into ovariectomized premature coisogenic recipients. A reproductive cycle was established in each of the recipients within 5 to 6 weeks after transplantation. Moreover, one-third became pregnant and had litters an average of 3 months after transplantation. These experiments demonstrate that orthotopic transplantation of ovaries can be used in the management of subfertile rat colonies.

Published
2004

48. 40(th) EASD Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes : Munich, Germany, 5-9 September 2004

Author

S. Artigas, A V Dreval, Mark I. McCarthy, C Watson, Peter H. Bennett, M Quint, Y Ikeda, E Alpert, F Schiele, H Sekihara, Erik Gylfe, P Lowe, J Kuhlmann, Alain Golay, V Longo, Shahidul Alam Khan Akm., L G Mantovani, M Zawodniak-Szalapska, G Winkler, T Harrity, L Virág, U Johne, Kuo S-W., Linda C Tapsell, J Rodriguez, Michel Komajda, K Kankova, Carole A. Cull, M Sporna, E Estilles, U Ribel, M C Spruce, E Buzzigoli, T Prazak, J K McLaughlin, M K Lingohr, M Lim, F Calara, A Siebenhofer, G Meregalli, Roberto Anichini, A D Baron, R Kurashvili, P C Butler, G I Fantus, T. E. De Gooyer, Park Y-M., R. Walther, S Heinrich, Agnieszka Zawiejska, S Mukherjee, Nikolaos Papanas, G Wong, Ian D. Caterson, David M. Maahs, Shuichi Kaneko, Alexandra E. Butler, Francisco Javier Ampudia-Blasco, O N Kong, Attali J-R., C A Hedman, K Oshinyemi, Nicolle Müller, I C Cranston, N Okumus, M V Vlaiculescu, Balasubramanian Ravikumar, W W Cheatham, K Mukasa, K B Biswas, Annunziata Lapolla, Phil McEwan, G Mader, Gilles Chassot, Dragi Anevski, Werner A. Scherbaum, M Donath, C Hesselmann, R A Gandhi, David E. Moller, Ezio Bonifacio, C Garcia, V Ifandi, P Hornnes, Nieuwenhoven Fav., C Puech, S Pérez-Del-Pulgar, Kim S-R., G Hines, C Rubio Terrés, Michael Gaster, N. Hosszufalusi, A Scholze, Andrew A. Young, Stavros Liatis, F Hariri, S Tan, Paul Valensi, Allan E. Karlsen, J Kim, E. Moberg, J Kaiser, L Berman, G Nelson, A Altkrüger, P Kothare, D B Cook, S Doran, G. van Dijk, Shahnaz Shahinfar, Kim C-S., P Stahl, M Manousaki, S Sigrist, S K Lim, M. P. Stern, A Guberti, C Rezzani, J McKenney, Karl Thomaseth, Sofia Carlsson, M Julia, R Brillante, I Rubesova, T Darkow, E Matsumoto, Wendy M. Macfarlane, M Di Martino, G Bardini, Rossella Menghini, D Duhot, E Farcasiu, Annalisa Natalicchio, I Lindner, J Buvat, Christian L. Brand, Harry Dorchy, Iwona Pietrzak, Z T Luo, P Home, M Ekelund, Jesper Gromada, Kristine Færch, F Piarulli, H Kim, R Mentel, Zsuzsanna K. Zsengellér, Dullaart Rpf., Anton Luger, Thomas A. Pearson, V Manicardi, P Rösen, Feng Y-M., R Morganti, Lars Hansen, Demuth H-U., Haruo Kasai, A Shostak, Rudi Steffensen, G Taylor, Markolf Hanefeld, C Santini, E Hamaguchi, Roberto Miccoli, F Storms, M Cooper, Y Lee, Allison E. Aiello, P Smith, T Suehiro, K Treece, M Waluś, Timothy A Welborn, Simone Baltrusch, E Kontela, S Chai, J Crean, H Yokoyama, Johan G. Eriksson, Rafael Hernández Hernández, J Rodríguez-Saldaña, M P Tornero, G Formoso, D. Lovell, E Bingham, A Mylonakis, M Manteghetti, D Fedele, Antonio Martín-Duce, Ralph A. DeFronzo, D Salcedo, Kurt Højlund, Antonio Petrone, Sheu Whh., C Gutierrez, Flavia Pricci, S Kurita, Z G Abbas, M M Benedetti, Philippe A. Halban, Daniel J. Cox, O Ljungkvist, Justine Davies, J Palsgaard, Lars Sjöström, E Bosi, L Janin-Manificat, W. F. Kelly, M. Fernandez, E Colak, O V Mulyarchik, B Kronshage, F Lang, M Erfurth, Takashi Kadowaki, N Jendrike, U Walter, J Wishart, Y. Neye, D Kim, N Furuhashi, M Barsotti, D Florow, L Ke, L Borgquist, N C Jackson, Ffolliott M. Fisher, V Baskar, K Yoshioka, Bryan A. Wolf, G Chabrier, R Skoumal, Livio Luzi, H Kose, I Pharisien, B. Klein, H Winiarska, M C Johnson, L Griffiths, Nonna Kravchun, C Combe, Baptist Gallwitz, J Zdychova, L Skorda, Jorma Ilonen, W Gao, I N Steen, A Terrinoni, P D Ambery, W Kern, C M Kusminski, Cho M-H., Paolo Pozzilli, Louise G. Grunnet, E Schönle, David R Matthews, Robert W. Taylor, Y Cohen, Kim H-S., M P Eccles, N B Tutuncu, D McDowell, Richard M. Bergenstal, K Takamatsu, T Steiner, Jaan Palgi, Valdemar Grill, N Niculescu, G Federici, S Lehto, P. M. McKeigue, M Barone, Michael E. Trautmann, S Smirnov, J Mannion, M Eto, C Rousseau, M Conti, C S Ernest, Antonio Ceriello, D H Schweitzer, Jung E-D., Andreas Festa, Avijit Lahiri, A Shepelkevich, A Murro, A Kollmann, Jonathan R.S. Arch, R Landgraf, Son H-Y., I Engelsberger, E Agardh, S Rodríguez-Mulero, P J Kraml, K Lee, D. F. Du Toit, E Kim, G Fadini, Williams Ajk., Philip Home, M B Antcieferov, C Perlemoine, D Perrea, Song X-L., D Ruggieri, Krister Bokvist, Heidi Sørensen, Bilbao, G Yoshino, J P Taylor, Shen H-M., S M Furier, R Urquhart, J Wohlgelernter, Jianping Weng, T. Baba, Q Hong, C Silva, Castaigne J-P., M Felaco, X X Zhang, M Jaroň, Milla Rosengård-Bärlund, J G Papp, Toshio Miyata, Lervang H-H., Park M-K., I Kinalska, A Long, Oomen Phn., N Kogawa, Ippolita Patrizia Patera, S. Karadeniz, Dinesh Selvarajah, D S Chung, A Wensaas, Richard Imrich, M Recasens, J Ruxer, O Buchea, E Wilpart, S P Stepanenko, Le Ttd., H Ohgawara, Mariaconsuelo Valentini, A Mondok, M Peltonen, Marianne O. Larsen, K Chatzianagnostou, Agneta Ståhle, A L Ferrari, L Bordier, F Maingrette, A Matsuda, G Vukomanovic, Jakob D. Wikstrom, T Yamakita, E Gorostiaga, J Jin, B Gopalan, Heinz Drexel, S Hewitt, Rury R. Holman, C Dieterle, T L Ruchti, N Asatiani, M Sidira, A Iezzi, A J Sommerfield, D Châtenet, M L Olsen, R Bergemann, C Koehler, T L Kuraeva, B Balas, Christian Berne, E Santos-Mazo, G Smith, A Siejka, R Kožnarová, A Mattina, S Sheikh, A Adomeit, M Rasmussen, J. Fagerudd, N Busciantella Ricci, Nuria Vilarrasa, E Hammar, T L Thoms, L Aydın, Ron G. Rosenfeld, A Nikolajuk, R Gos, C L Morgan, H L Yu, D Dheelchand, S Ramrath, N Boudriga, Jerome I. Rotter, C Jahannault, W M Weston, Folke Lindgärde, M Hertlova, D Knight, A Monroy-Mayorga, E Pardini, A Chamson-Reig, B Franke, Janie McCluskey, Joseph Bryan, C Nikolopoulou, Christie M. Ballantyne, Fausto Santeusanio, L Pegoraro, M Lee, A Klimenko, S Jaiveer, K. Pettersson-Fernholm, Michael A. Nauck, A Ekbom-Schnell, G Deferrari, Riccardo Schiaffini, S. Pampanelli, Khan Aka., David Hopkins, Maija Wessman, M Kamarinos, Noh J-H., O Ebisui, K McCarroll, Jeppe Sturis, Peter Nowotny, N Gorbenko, Åke Sjöholm, David G. Maggs, A E Halseth, B Cresci, A A Ortiz-Gress, A Korakovouni, O Matejkova, C E Mogensen, C J Lin, Ramon Gomis, H Seaman, C Granier, Yang C-H., F Assah, O Sanchez, Fausto Machicao, Peter G. Morris, Alberto Ortiz, A Giardinelli, D Bracaglia, A Gonzalo, S Pavlatos, Andreas Lechner, F Canovic, L Sjolind, Allan Vaag, Birgitte Bruun Nielsen, David A. Ziegler, Vito Lampasona, R Gershoni-Baruch, A. Dei Cas, H Renz, E Mena, Matthew Waltham, Kim D-M., H Levanen, D D Mick, Valentina Alexandrovna Peterkova, E Meskhishvili, Sarah Nutland, R Bustani, John R. Lindsay, M Christoforidou, A Abicht, E Harno, K Cyganek, A Fitchet, S Neelotpol, P Nikishin, P Serradas, J Hinrichsen, M Halvorson, M Chovatia, B Voet, Jinny Willis, E Parretti, M Haslbeck, M Wellard, L Teng, Julio Wainstein, J S Fischer, K. Lalic, D Roggenland, I Gich, R Anwar, Maurizio Cassader, D Serota, X J Li, R J Schotzinger, Vilmundur Gudnason, Björn Zethelius, S A Wootton, W Andrzejewski, R Rezsohazy, R Gao, T Klimentova, T Mazurek, I Bruckner, C Dohrmann, R E James, G daSilva Xavier, Kim S-Y., A Dorca, Stuart J. Pocock, Terri J. Allen, I Giovos, P B Parab, N H Andersen, P Fotinakis, Miriam Cnop, H Lee, Norbert Tennagels, Omorodola I. Abatan, F Ailett, I. Lager, D Manzella, H Hut, Larry A. Distiller, G Lip, Lim S-K., Rong Zhang, T Tsuno, Steen Knudsen, M. Bajardi, Manuel Benito, Dai Sugimoto, Melvin J. Prince, D W Dunstan, D Rankins, K A Majali, G Ozansoy, Isabella Russo, S Uçak, G Annuzzi, R Talar-Wojnarowska, K Lange, S Neugebauer-Baba, Campbell H. Thompson, Eric Renard, P. D. Mountjoy, Z Morrison, Elizabeth A. Davis, Franco Cavallo, C Corvaja, R Antuña, Craig John Currie, H Linnebjerg, He Y-L., A J Palmer, Mariola R. Chacón, H Malinska, M. Jones, R Lichnovská, K Mandes, Paolo Tessari, T Mokhort, A Laina, H. L. Y. Chan, I Schmidt, R Banks, Richard G. IJzerman, L Ksinantova, G Setti, H Vaudry, A Gallo, V Spallone, Chen J-W., Thomas Danne, A Chong, M Hallschmid, S Aczel, S Hulme, N Islam, M Hosoi, P M Ternan, P Di Bartolo, N Bishara, T Shibasaki, Martin A. Osterhoff, Im S-S., M Jecht, T Hamaguchi, S Mattera, K Ways, Elizabeth Northam, U Rajala, Reinhard W. Holl, L Yang, S Panaiotopoulos, K Horvath, R Kluge, Thora B. Bodvarsdottir, Y Dong, Irene Alemanno, C McDougall, Reimar W. Thomsen, M Campbell, W Rabl, John Öhrvik, Yuichiro Yamada, Paola Ungaro, W Benzer, Mike Sampson, Roberto Trevisan, R G Radu, Aas A-M., P E Lobo, Ricardo Scott, S M Son, Josephine M. Forbes, T A Hillier, K L Wyne, Louis L. Nguyen, J Farmer, M H Tan, Kwon H-S., J Yang, L Sandvik, Franco Folli, A K Jenum, M Nguyen, W Pratipanawatr, A L Frederiksen, Rebecca Smith, Lee H-J., A Schäfer, C Manuelli, G S Denver, T Vukovich, B Maceira, K Matsumoto, K. Chokkalingam, Nurcan Üçeyler, P Modi, Timothy M. Morgan, S Mertens, B M Singh, Michaela Riedl, K Iso, C Cucurullo, G. F. Bottazzo, M Calvani, K Hur, J Wetzels, Kazuhiro Takahashi, Y Aso, H Stammer, M G Masding, Fitsum Guebre-Egziabher, J L González-Sánchez, L Armstrong, Alberto Maran, Peter G.F. Swift, S S Popovic, J Starczynski, E Vitacolonna, Luigi Laviola, R W Gelling, Marina Cardellini, D Barilla, Rosa de Diego Martínez, W H Landschulz, Anne Mette Rosenfalck, R K Wong, Kevin E. Schneider, K Peros, Giuseppe Nanni, F Zhang, I Rákóczi, T Iburi, M Nakhjavani, X Q Zhang, S Tournis, Per Lav Madsen, Graham A. Hitman, A. Tura, K Laubner, N D Kostic, Lawrence M. Dolan, R. Sinha Roy, J A Wagner, J. Tuomilehto, J Hauptman, M Abdel-Ghany, D Lacombe, Toralph Ruge, Johannes A Maassen, Triantafyllos Didangelos, K Sasaki, I Argüelles, Klaus Levin, C Popow, Emanuel Christ, R Chetty, L Baillet-Blanco, Jo-Ann Salmon, T Mine, James L. Trevaskis, I Franke, J Gorski, E A Andrianova, A Dayan, A Caballero, Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska, M Yasujima, Z Kasalová, C.D.A. Stehouwer, F. K. Gorus, G A Nichols, A Glowania, David P. Strachan, P Fredlund, N. F. da Silva, P Reboldi, M Sausbier, K H Groenier, G Stuccio, N Guttman, K R Ahmed, A D Ristic, T Kapellen, J Coutcher, Aldo V. Greco, Oswald Wagner, A Zagayko, Maria Alevizaki, B B Zhang, W F Ferris, Jenny Fredriksson, Lois Jovanovic, J Hänninen, R De Giglio, Kazuo Yagui, O Potterat, P Hamliton, R E Scranton, B Mankovsky, A Stylianou, B Fellström, Abdel-Wahab Yha., M Kitagawa, Katherine L. Baldock, F R Johnson, F Baigts, S D'Addato, F J Sanz, A Mistry, S D Wise, T Pratipanawatr, U R Fölsch, James R.C. Parkinson, Claudia Sommer, C Park, F E Griffiths, M L Martí, R Demirtunc, S Taniguchi, J Lundkvist, T Siegmund, Juan Sztajzel, C Dienesch, F Baumgartner, L Scalone, T M Mckolanis, K Otake, Ullrik Pedersen-Bjergaard, T M Vriesendorp, Michael B. Wheeler, Henry Schmitt, Peter Hovind, S Lange, Stephane Roze, L. Van Gaal, B Klaproth, Anthony E. Civitarese, D Eckland, A Dagar, D F Hopkins, Kari Stefansson, C Gonzalez-Yanes, B Meyboom-de Jong, D. J. Betteridge, K Buhling, M Crepaldi, Ana M. Wägner, L Renna, L Volpe, R McBride, V Corbo, E O Brennesvik, R P Hayes, R Abdollahnia, G Viviani, C F Liew, Francisco Pérez-Bravo, Jeffrey Baron, Brian M. Frier, H H Samira, D Szentendrei, K. J. Schjoedt, W K Waldhäusl, D Gniuli, D Zou, G Tschank, V Urbančič, A L Nolan, Albertini J-P., J Malcomson, M Larbig, C Cheyssac, K Aurich, C M Kesson, S Heller, Maija E. Miettinen, R F Luco, Adrian J. Cameron, Luigi Mattiello, Z. Metelko, X E Zhang, M Parramón, I. G. Obrosova, J Fruchart, M Ilic, Björn Eliasson, Gilles Chatellier, M A Martín, D M Kendall, Holger Luthman, V F Varillas, D Maccubbin, Jang S-A., Amalia Gastaldelli, E Salzsieder, P. de Mol, A Yoshida, H D Lindner, D Gostiljac, M Just, Pan C-Y., J M Fujitaki, G Eiermann, K Bergenheim, A D Frick, A Agacdiken, K Varytimiadis, K Cseh, D A Jackson, S Calderari, Dena G. Hernandez, H M Liebich, K Min, F. de Zegher, Bernd Kulzer, K Han, Ulrich A. Müller, D Marrero, H Hatakeyama, René Koopman, Doo H-K., Petr Wohl, P. Sharp, P Forder, Thor Aspelund, N Meneveau, R M Schmülling, R Aubert, Thom Sam., H Youshikawa, M Ankelo, D Bowden, I Kelly, Frédéric Fumeron, M Sartini, Robert S. Sherwin, L Varadhan, A Criscimanna, John Betteridge, V Jelic, M Bartnik, N Lemke, B Ursø, A Bertoldo, A M Owona, H Okochi, L Pérez-Tamajó, S L Monfre, Daniel Brandhorst, K T Legg, Andries J. Smit, Veronica Sancho, Masashi Hirai, C Klein, Paul J. Thornalley, A Chaidaroglou, K Miura, B Zinman, O M Dvoynishnikova, J Plank, Jan Bolinder, C Lush, B Rubi, R Pozzilli, M Bashir, S A Shtandel, F Mosca, A Naskalska, Josef Vcelak, U Sausbier, P Cavaiani, T U Baehring, Michele Solimena, P Formisano, M Rastaldi, Bernard Thorens, J Ruzzin, E Arbit, M. Hori, Torkel B. Brismar, E Soltes Rak, A Filo, P Heinke, Matthew P. Coghlan, M Masotti, I Perevozskaya, K Ahn, I Moules, K Van Dyck, I Goldstein, Z Mathe, G Z Zhao, S Fajardo, J Taylor, S Chrul, J C Pareja, D Hadjidakis, A J Scheen, N Siddiqua, D C Cavan, R Grella, Krabbe S, H J Rochlitz, A E Hinkkanen, W Wilpshaar, Richard Stevens, M Dreyer, S Hara, X Wang, Melania Manco, D Gillen, Magalie A. Ravier, Olli Simell, John C. Lawrence, Kohnert K-D., Agardh C-D., A Berghold, L Kristensen, Grant Sfa., N Gursoy, Leif Groop, N Freemantle, Anja Schweizer, L Pala, Legros J-J., C. Di Pietro, N. Yamamoto, J Magyar, B Nikolovski, H Ikeda, D Lee, Bruce A. Buckingham, A O Wollitzer, I Kennedy, C Ernest, Neville H. McClenaghan, S Tanaka, Asimina Mitrakou, T Heinze, W Kerner, Moeenaldeen Al-Sayed, Charles Thivolet, L Klaff, A Miconi, Cristina Valeri, J. O. Christensen, K. Ekberg, A Jardine, T Endo, X Zhang, D F Child, A Kienitz, D K Seidel, H. Tada, Sylvie Abouna, Cyrus Cooper, Catherine R Chittleborough, Roberta Assaloni, S Corbi, A K Bose, K Ozawa, C Ahn, K A Deans, G Jackowski, Martin Gibson, Patrick McElduff, O A Mojiminiyi, Manuel Serrano-Ríos, O Dupuy, A L Davydov, Iwar Klimes, Sten-Anders Ivarsson, N Ichino, R Matsutomo, E R Smith, A Stefanovska, B Dehmel, K Koniavitou, E Agascioglu, M Hatazaki, J. M. Gibson, T Yada, P Ribaux, M Rupnik, K Fridell, G Scutaru, L Chugunova, Henrietta Mulnier, A Kendereski, H Lehnert, C Billi, M Sobczak, Francisco M-Mj., L K Archibald, S Sukumvanich, David B. Dunger, I. Benke, G Yillar, N Stingemore, J. M. Boavida, Y Shi, Jimmy D. Bell, L Bozzetto, Andrew J. Ahmann, E Jebens, J Keiding, Elena Henkel, Mark Fineman, J F McRae, Carol Forsblom, S Martemucci, Lourdes Ibáñez, P G Prieto, L Ringholm Nielsen, S Pratas, B von Stritzky, Julio Rosenstock, Lee K-W., J Stocks, L J Strow, I Samarguliani, L Wennekes, R Cheung, Abhishek Nag, Roberto Gambino, Y Suleymanoglu, E Murphy, T T Durck, M F Peyrot, Y Unno, Alexander Mayorov, Eleuterio Ferrannini, D. C. Rao, D Neely, H Karunajeewa, J Palmisano, Julia B. Lewis, M Ravid, G Pons, E Junca, P Vexiau, S Sailesh, D K Miloslavskiy, O N Bondarenko, U Smith, S Torri, Constantine Tsigos, Cesario Bianchi, Mattia Locatelli, D Jaquet, Virpi Lindi, M Moroi, M E Tushuizen, P Pelicci, R Scognamiglio, Pal Pacher, S M Thyssen, A Péterfalvi, Y Ho, S Guntram, L Romics, T Nakagami, Clive S. Cockram, Irina Kowalska, K Brodbeck, Gojka Roglic, J. Dörig, Lise Tarnow, Therese Tillin, A López-Alba, Martin Krššák, Moses Elisaf, S Hata, D P Snoeck, D Schmoll, O V Udovichenko, A Scaramuzza, J Paul, John H. Fuller, Nicholas Katsilambros, Michele Muggeo, Pia Ekbom, Piero Marchetti, V Melki, C Bailleau, H Stavrianos, A D'Errico, Geremia B. Bolli, Amabile Maier, Kelter A-R., Anders Green, Q J Morélis, Steffen Thiel, C Watkins, R C Cheung, A Clark, Elvira Fioriti, N Ari, Nam J-Y., Y Cottin, L G Krinelke, H Al Mohammedi, Simon C. Fleming, C Jones, Z Kerényi, Ahn Y-H., Meile M-J., P Nánási, M Graner, V Canonico, Gangnerau M-N., Hugh R. Taylor, Giovanni Sartore, A. Dejgaard, Carol Kelley, S. Ali, Stéphane Dalle, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Elena Šeböková, Alexander Beck, Ingo B. Leibiger, M Rosu, C Pencea, Werner Waldhäusl, Kaltenbacher M-C., R Butzer, S Thore, Adam G. Tabak, Angelo Avogaro, E Standi, Boris Kovatchev, O Bradescu, Patrizia Dentelli, A Fujita, C Verri, R Chlup, Prasad Ydm., S V Hörsten, van der Merwe M-T., D Hilliard, W Klein, D Worthley, M Udvardy, Berit R. Jensen, A D'Avanzo, J Monaghan, K P Yeo, Guivarch P-H., B Bauduceau, D Weghuber, P Tatti, J Ybarra, S Gwozdziewiczová, E Gasparini, B Saltin, Charlotte Granhall, Howard Leventhal, R Marin, M Tumiati, Cicero Afg., L Csémy, B Berger, S Mikros, D Dall'Asta, M Shahmanesh, Y G Vasiljev, F Potthoff, H S Randeva, G De Berardis, J O Logan, K Warncke, P Uitterlinden, E Rehring, K Gilmore, K Shankhdhar, V V Bojko, M Vahatalo, E A Korolyova, D Wiemann, P G Lankisch, D Hendrie, F Galtier, M Rybarczyk, Gisela Dahlquist, N N Rudovich, G Stein, A Liebl, F Tan, A Westerlund, S Gronemann, I Franklin, Jonathan A. Prince, Peter Arner, E Skliros, T. Sparre, M Vigas, Maddalena Trombetta, L. Bjerre Knudsen, A C Sima, I Dubroca, Alastair Gray, I Weets, R Ferraresi, Schauer Ujw., E. Leinonen, S Corazza, Jonathan Levy, P K Prakash, R Guzder, S. Barnhill, John Blangero, J Herreros, G. de Vries, Cheng Ptw., A Macías-Batista, K. Capito, R Thomas, G Thomas, G Boemi, Lotte Pietraszek, Pierre Fontaine, I Holme, J Smedegaard, C A Harrop, U Helwig, B Levy, A P Gribben, Hiroto Furuta, P Beckett, S Giannini, Ruth L. Coleman, Eva Fernqvist-Forbes, N Cugnardey, A Dumas, Jane Pinaire, S E Hofer, D Shimono, Erik H. Serné, Alain D. Baron, C Battista, M Tanen, M Klementova, V Adams, J Komorowski, Antonio Nicolucci, E. C. Burns, H Sydall, M G Fanara, M G Giovannitti, N Okabayashi, Magdalena Szurkowska, I A Eroshkin, M. I. J. Uusitupa, D Ma, C C Dieguez, J Sutcliffe-Goulden, A V Gaddi, Michał Arabski, Serge Halimi, Wendy C. Burns, S Seclén, H Sugano, A Vinterby, K Backx, L F Diaconu, Fernando Gomez-Peralta, O'Harte Fpm., G Lepeniotis, D Laune, H Kvasničková, N H Wallén, G Boner, G Cieślik, Robert Hermann, Paul Q. Thomas, Y Kumon, Maria Maiello, M Atkins, Kenneth A. Earle, Guowang Xu, H Y Bae, I Reynisdottir, D Perez, D E Cannon, P Fabietti, I Geronooz, J Østergaard, K J Jeitler, S Skourtis, A Zambanini, A Saemann, K Kuboki, Helen L. Lutgers, A C Thai, Arne Melander, D Pinkowski, S G Straub, S A Wolfe-Coote, A Totora, Hayley Dickinson, A Lindenmair, A Ginis, I Faturos, F Van Eylen, C Huard, F Fu, N Wang, B M Rasmussen, Angela Napoli, L Granato, Markus M. Lerch, M. Frandsen, A Lyras, Lawrence S. Phillips, J Mabley, R Goldschmeding, B K Kilhovd, W Liu, Greg Poffenberger, P Cipriano, Anna Maria Charlotte K Lindqvist, A Matsuzawa, J Wang, T Yu, M S Pepper, Lena M. Thorn, Y Sakamoto, Blanche Schwappach, Anna L. Gloyn, P Dupraz, A. M. Schmidt, M Psallas, V Tsirimbis, Carl D. Langefeld, D Sass, H E Scholtz, M. Cailleau, Lauren Julia Brown, K Phillips, M. Iezzi, C Jayawarna, Eleni Anastasiou, R Lobmann, R Lundershausen, H Fujiwara, H R Nan, I C Smith, I A Karpova, A Navazio, S Kang, T. Hansen, T Watanabe, Gang Hu, Malik Rja., T Kennedy-Martin, Ulla M Smidt, J.M. Dekker, A A Fisher, H Liu, R E Pratley, B Sun, C Fledelius, J F Raposo, R Langham, Ahn S-Y., B R Waterhouse, Shaoping Deng, W Ricart, S V Melnichenko, Henrike Sell, M. Tomalino, N Takeda, Paola Massucco, A Harlan, W Henrich, C D Byrne, R Junik, Khalid Hussain, D Pop Gorceva, Torben Hansen, C Ritterath, K Ogawa, D V Phan, Bradley S Metcalf, Robb E. Moses, Juan P. Frias, Hitoshi Ishii, C Brisard, P Wolkow, H H Maurer, Ingo Rustenbeck, Juris J. Meier, Octavian Savu, S D Lin, V B Bregovski, A Fox, S Cicala, M. Koenen, L Vignati, O de Divitiis, Constantin Ionescu-Tirgoviste, Kilian Rittig, J Song, Riccardo Candido, F Cohen-Boulakia, U Shankhdhar, P Jahan, Antonio Tiengo, E Liepinsh, C Álvarez, Sigurd Lenzen, James E. Foley, A. del Arco, M A Maitan, U Mollenhauer, M A Na, A Beha, B Aicher, Gabriele Meyer, E Sommariva, J Åman, B Gmeinhart, Theede A-M., Bjorn Bolinder, Giulio Ceolotto, S Sbrana, F Biarnes, Damini Dey, Barbara Thorand, H H Klein, Juliana C.N. Chan, L Piconi, S Gudbjornsdottir, E Bobbioni-Harsch, Joanna Polanska, Cristian Serafinceanu, S Gambardella, Olivier Huber, J D Brunzell, T Nagasawa, Loretta Vileikyte, A Szocs, H Löwel, Z Lin, Anders Juul, H Tsuneki, L Sauriol, G Siebert, Marit E. Jørgensen, K Matthies, Brian D. Green, P Jurowski, Z Gao, M Furuya, Silvia Manfrini, Efthymios Motakis, E Souvatzoglou, Qian Y-Z., Byun S-H., T Nguyen, M R Anwar, Geltrude Mingrone, B. Idzior-Walus, Mamas A. Mamas, G Scholl-Schilling, C Bittner, A E Raptis, L Laghi, Murray Stewart, M Orel, Janet M. Bryson, Chris P Gale, Åke Lernmark, A B Escorza-Domínguez, C Fuentes, A S Einarsdottir, M O Akinsola, P Maisonneuve, K S Leong, B Missler, Simona Frontoni, Con Tsalamandris, Flavio Francini, D Rouiller, B.E. de Galan, Girolama Alessandra Marfia, M Fioravanti, A E Weber, M Nargis, P Nowacki, Y Chen, B Larsen, Ruth E. Gimeno, A Wojciechowska Luźniak, R Meisterfeld, Limei Liu, A Ohashi, T Pieber, Bin Yao, G A Herman, M Pallini, R E Honkanen, H Nyblom, R Humbrecht, Takashi Tsuboi, Pinar Topsever, Monika Kellerer, J Woods, Steen Stender, C Kapitza, Sherwyn Schwartz, M Taskiran, N Hashimoto, A Jabin Gustafsson, K C Silva, I Nitz, S Dzienis-Straczkowska, H Elouil, L Sommese, Patricia A. McKinney, S Ogawa, E Carr, I Porchay, Robyn G Langham, Bruno Vergès, K H Usadel, S Sivakumaran, H M Hearnshaw, José Luis Santos, R Ishibashi, F Huq, Lebrethon M-C., Z Leshchenko, Elisabetta Torlone, A Saltiki, A Plaschke, Wolfgang Koenig, D. D'Avola, C L McTernan, Haruhiko Osawa, G Cazzetta, S J Lee, S Al Jebely, Hoogma Rpl., A Shimizu, Tack Cjj., Itamar Raz, Adrian Vella, P. B. M. de Andrade, Aguiar Lgk., Wolfgang E. Schmidt, T Wolthers, W. Gatling, T S Purewal, Philipp E. Scherer, E Heller, Stephan Gielen, Jo S-R., Monica Vedovato, L Nosek, R Ryder, G Giassakis, A Cretti, A Wajngot, T Waldhör, S Zoric, H C Lee, L Pulkkinen, L Lacey, I Tomescu, R S Patarrao, X C Liu, Lauge Schäffer, Jarkko Ustinov, Anders Thorell, K Kangawa, P J Wood, T Yeoh, Jo Satoh, G Psaras, Volker Burkart, Karin Schindler, Dario Pitocco, M Kolopp, Gabriela Roman, E Renström, M Goldberg, M Beregszaszi, S Senkel, M F Meyer, María Luisa Villanueva-Peñacarrillo, Elena Beltramo, J E Snaar, A Hayward, C Abreu-Padí, S E Vielwerth, R Krones, C C Stanciu, M Izquierdo, I Elbing, R Astorga, V I Bouloukos, P Zabielski, S Precerutti, Kang S-Y., K L Pratt, Joost H-G., Matthew L. Iorio, Naomi S. Levitt, Yutaka Seino, Peter A. Gottlieb, I Ehrén, Y Matsuyama, Jean Claude Mbanya, S Parveen, R Purvis, A Cappadona, V V Afanasyeva, K Löbner, S Del Guerra, V Valle, Victor A. Gault, M Tan, M M Budge, I Ioannidis, M Ishizawa, Castelli, D Nowak, János Rigó, Claudia Bleck, E Degli Esposti, C Tortul, M Klebach, E Schvarcz, L Pauline, D Krusova, J Csillag, Park K-G., Kaichi Kida, P Bialasiewicz, S Seeliger, B A Williams, P Mistry, T Nicer, N Ahmed, H Ohashi, Peter Achenbach, van Hessen Paw., Jesús Cancelas, E Cizmarova, D Takahashi, K Tanaka, A M Rojo Llobet, Q Chen, A J Garber, P Halban, B Brunmair, A Barthel, M R Katdare, Dominique Laude, M E Pavkov, C Leach, C M Breschi, S Okada, B Balent, Ornella Massa, Ravi K. Garg, van Loon Ljc., K Obuobie, W Moll, L Varanese, V Smejkalova, B Royer, M Roth, M Belfiglio, Chae M-K., I Kimura, Casper G. Schalkwijk, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Heinsbroek Acm., Jared Rutter, Ken Williams, K O Lee, A N Symeonidis, J B Brown, M Pfeuffer, W. C. Knowler, A N Barsukov, A Woods, T W Kim, Khalid Bak., Andrea Mari, David J. Pettitt, Y Tomioka, J Hochman, Mireia Mora Porta, K Pagava, Krzysztof C. Lewandowski, J Taton, T Yasaka, M Tyrberg, M Sargin, P Szenthe, R Sicree, C Abreu-Padín, Magdalena Lundgren, J Radziuk, Eili Tranheim Kase, W L Goudzwaard, Yanbing Li, E Ramos, H Monastiriotis, J Cur, S Pu, Lakka H-M., Park J-S., Fabrizio Barbetti, S. Ciani, Pavel Flachs, N C Correia, Angela A. Rivellese, F Ebara, Nicolas Musi, H van Ahlen, Helen M. Colhoun, Anna Czech, Steen B. Pedersen, N Jost, N Da Silva, J Nóvoa, Y Onuma, Anna Körner, D Michael, M Straczkowski, I. Truyen, R. Schmid, Søren Paaske Johnsen, H Koenig, B. Miranda-Palma, E Wasén, F Pervin, P Cavallo-Perin, M Niessen, E P Shavrikova, P Tarkun, M Vavlukis, H Gang, O Sánchez-Vilar, C Dalla Man, S. M. Haffner, R Eggertsen, L Pucci, F T Fiedorek, E I Mainas, H Holdass, Peter R. Shepherd, A Banu, R Lichiardopol, Lee M-K., N Zaytseva, B Gumbiner, Strotmann H-J., L Y Baranova, A Kissebah, A Pezzatini, I Kharroubi, N A Thornberry, A J Buckley, B Pontiggia, T Chen, M Ikebukuro, J Leach, C Frost, J Han, H Hashizume, G Poulsen, H Eckert, Paul Zimmet, Lee J-H., Peter E. Heding, S A Ross, Nils J. Færgeman, Giuseppe Penno, T Varbanova, H S Shon, Z Canturk, S Akahane, Noel G. Morgan, A Sener, Seronde M-E., P K Thaware, W Insull, S Forst, K E White, Christoffer Hedetoft, M R Holland, K Okamoto, F Yamagata, Markus Lassila, N Tanaka, Kristian Midthjell, R Isoaho, D A Legemate, M Motzkau, Y H Kang, A P Nescheret, J Boiko, Hemmo A. Drexhage, Gagik R Galstyan, Naim Shehadeh, Henning Beck-Nielsen, T I Justesen, O Kalter-Leibovici, T Vahlberg, M Mozdzan, G Siegert, V Dumenil, Katsumi Eguchi, J A Vazquez, Sally Hollis, H Haberland, A Souvatzoglou, M L Gavete, K. S. Nair, Katharine R. Owen, C Garcia-Rodenas, Gerald I. Shulman, Peters, H A Parkes, Y S Kim, Mats Rönnback, Isabelle Leclerc, Marie-Hélène Giroix, I D Caterson, S G Rønn, L Scionti, Silvia Pinach, Hans Christian Reinecker, Kathryn Noyes, P McTernan, C Y Tan, N. Lalic, Richard D. Carr, M. Toman, D Papazoglou, Domenico Bosco, G Lübben, F. Costanza, Tania Maffucci, Jonas Nygren, Ole Lander Svendsen, Kristin Taylor, Ugo Boggi, A Kayserilioglu, Gudmar Thorleifsson, G J Dunseath, B. Balkau, T Zieher, M Schwarts, A. R. Cobitz, P de Pablos, I Recas, Carlos Lorenzo, Pamela J. Shaw, Y Cho, C Münscher, Anna Maestroni, Milan Zdravkovic, Gerstl E-M., L L Xiu, Yoshitaka Kajimoto, A Deb, F Osaki, G Kirilov, B Staffler, Běla Bendlová, M Rebelatto, Frank Reimann, B Ø Christoffersen, S Durant, Fruchart J-C., Ravinder J. Singh, V Connolly, Q Zhang, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Francesco Andreozzi, N Talai Rad, V Loyková, Trampisch H-J., Stefano Menini, F. Rodríguez de Fonseca, W Hanif, H J Böhles, S Fotiadis, Philippe André, T Kubiak, T Friede, J Murin, Erwin Schleicher, Adam Garrow, M Takahashi, P Valensi, S Pappas, E Lim, D N Staroverova, C Tadgell, C Dessapt, Brittany A. Rasmussen, L Cheung, L E Porter, R Ishihara, J Ravisy, T Inukai, Christine Winzer, E M Özer, Nish Chaturvedi, Ana Chico, Ville-Petteri Mäkinen, N Bellili, Howlader, Jansson P-A., A Martella, Jan Frystyk, T Kakko, K Hershon, S Hoashi, B Nag, C Chabrolle, B Leatherdale, J. Lu, Stephen Colagiuri, C Brendel, Michael Roden, Peter Clausen, A L Macdonald, R A DeFronzo, F A VanNieuwenhoven, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Jonas J-C., Hobbs Fdr., H Uchino, S Del Prato, E Polakowska, L Shankhdhar, Hedrich H-J., S Rodriguez-Cuenca, A Schwarzmaier-D'Assie, K Fukuda, Robert H. Eckel, A. Hilding, A Rutscher, D Kerr, Junhua Li, C. Köhler, A Banaszak, Peter Lönnroth, P Wulff, M A Gruzov, Fariba Shojaee-Moradie, S Matsumoto, J P New, N Barthes, M G Leyck Dieken, Mian Li, O Ivanova, G Papalia, K A Nilsson, Parving H-H., P Merz, M. A. Schweitzer, A Morris, P. Andersen, O Tschritter, M Fitch, V Fejfarova, Elisabeth Bernroider, E C Kiawi, M de Kerdanet, Claus B. Juhl, C Taxvig, Kerstin Berntorp, Birgitte Andersen, C Coscelli, C Ktori, Norio Abiru, R Mössner, Hiroko Hirooka, Jens J. Holst, Q Dan, H F Gu, C Gimpelewicz, A Oeckinghaus, B DelBuono, J Kuroda, P Kastner, Clemens Fürnsinn, H Usui, R Mosqueda-Garcia, P De Meyts, K Yamagami, M Tóth, V Leite, H Alberti, M Meneses, Gregory Collier, E G Starostina, C Delaporte, Agostino Consoli, François Alhenc-Gelas, S Tonstad, G Schuler, J Juszczyk, G Hoefle, M Wilken, Mark A. Yorek, Volker Lodwig, G Edwards, E Catellani, Ewa Wender-Ozegowska, Kurt Hoffmann, I Markova, Steven J. Hunter, A Venkataraman, Bente Klarlund Pedersen, A Kengne, Ken K. Ong, L A Calo, M Huckova, Y Morikawa, Pierina Richiusa, D Giuffrida, Sonia Brichard, Giuseppe Paolisso, Andrew T. Hattersley, M Vankova, Jon G. Mabley, G Salvidio, M Montolio, X Yang, Barbara N. Campaigne, Ralph R. Turner, Andrew J.M. Boulton, P Johnston, S Berchtold, Roger Corder, D Ledwig, M. Di Mauro, Houweling, J H Bowker, J Hilsted, Shin D-W., B Kiran, E Esteve, A J Cameron, S Spera, Kathrin Maedler, S Tsujii, J. H. DeVries, S Cailleaux, M Walter, A Florén, R Lehtonen, Davis Tme., N Patsourakos, J. Marco, G Lepore, L Morcillo, J Burén, Paul Smits, Juraj Koska, Chung J-H., Katherine S. Elliott, Bong Soo Cha, Christian Weyer, F Montorsi, L G Søndergaard, H Horie, M Herten, N Aghamohamadzadeh, L A Scrocchi, A Oyarzún, Rutten Geh., K Yamada, M Zivkovic, R S Beifort, Lee I-K., S D Bouman, H Böhles, Dwight E. Matthews, Orville G. Kolterman, Bidda Rolin, I Shymanskyy, P Thomakos, John Strand, A Virkamäki, C M Clark, Y Tokumasa, Odusanya Pot., Joel F. Habener, Abel López-Bermejo, Anders Tengholm, D Argon, Lajoix A-D., N Aki, L Kessler, N Takahashi, A Zmysłowska, Kåre I. Birkeland, D Soon, Lars Køber, M Vaňková, Lee W-C., F Payeras-Más, C Lau, E Ramos Lopez, L Lukic, A Suehiro, Stephan J-A., I Estalella, Jørgen Jensen, Liaqat Ali, V S Dimitrijevic Sreckovic, V P Maximova, G Salietti, M Ding, Yuksel Altuntas, Chung K-D., F Kaufman, Ludwig Wagner, C Calvi, D X Gram, David G. Bruce, K Sprenger, M Schweers, D Kush, D B Panagiotakos, J. M. Currie, Luis Castaño, Dag E. Undlien, D. Haspel, A Suzuki, J Cederholm, S Garcia, L Cynober, P O'Hare, A Tsur, Christine Zimmermann, M Faimalie, V V Poltorak, S Alba, Axel Haupt, J Varga, Tetsuya Yamada, M Shoji, R H Lloyd-Mostyn, Péter Pusztai, Doney Asf., M N Gangnerau, I Shimizu, Henrik Ortsäter, F Liska, Mandeep Bajaj, H Sarui, Michal Andel, S Chiheb, Diane Barker, A. van Tol, Brigitte Reusens, I Anafaroglu, Giel Nijpels, F Bongardt, K Taxildaris, M. Orsini Federici, V A Horton, K Ota, A McCall, M Vladica, Anita M. Hennige, Karsten Müssig, A Philotheou, I Chronopoulos, N A Perrin, B Janand-Delenne, Søren S Lund, S Duarte, R Bernardi, R Holman, Safia Costes, Hubert Kolb, G J Schlömer, Rainer Lehmann, Lusson J-R., J K Malone, X I Nkomo, Lars Melholt Rasmussen, E G Chittilapilly, J Satrústegui, A M Abbatecola, M Cristini, U Hanson, María Teresa Martínez-Larrad, Frida Renström, Luigi Uccioli, A Hennige, T Akhobadze, U Raval, D J McCarty, Didac Mauricio, S Horiuchi, V V Nosikov, B Wierusz-Wysocka, K Xiang, H L Fehm, Elaine Gutierrez, S Salman, E Siekierka-Kleiser, P Martul, N Kajaia, A W Herling, Tony R. Merriman, Kirsten J. Ward, René Gross, S K Althouse, S Woodhead, Emmanuel Cosson, T Rönnemaa, T M Filiz, Jerzy Loba, S Sha, Klas Malmberg, Carlo Pesce, Jung D-S., I Majdrakova, Thomas Forst, M Schütt, Hierl F-X., A M Efanov, I Verschraegen, H B Jensen-Holm, D Deckhut, Frida Leonetti, N Selzle, G Cassetti, Jose L Mesa, G Morrison, Christian-Heinz Anderwald, C Kliebe-Frisch, J H Moffitt, P Lahm, Hiroshi Ishiguro, E. Borgo, A Keech, L Quagliaro, Thomas O. Ola, Henquin J-C., W J Sluiter, F Leprêtre, Kalliopi Kotsa, Peter Karl Jacobsen, E Sanchez-Largo, E Gaia, Daniel R. Witte, Sidsel Graff-Iversen, G Seebohm, E Cacès, R G Khalifah, W Wilson, Avan Aihie Sayer, C Raffaitin, J Gumprecht, T Lehmann, E Migliaccio, R Urrutia, E Shelestova, A V Chervonsky, Stefan Mustafa, Y Hisano, Erik A. Richter, J Miettinen, K M Gottesdiener, Gangyi Yang, D Chevenne, A Girach, P Samuelsson, Taskinen M-R., D Ciociaro, D Aydemir, Yang S-B., P De, Dongliang Zhuang, Nathan R. Hill, B V Hansen, Hideki Katagiri, M Saryusz-Wolska, G Y Gandhi, Nicholas Witt, D Berzi, B J Mejía-Pedraza, D G Burrin, R Mather, V Ashkenazi-Katalan, Y Yamasaki, G B Jensen, Emma L. Edghill, Y Wang, I J Deary, M Langenfeld, J L James, K Yozai, T Appleton, Jamal A-M., A. Di Benedetto, Yutaka Nakaya, Elin Rebecka Carlsson, Y Park, T Carpenter, Attila Bokor, Patrick Harriott, S Ait El Mkadem, B Lormeau, A Ceylan-Isık, Stefania Bandinelli, Isabel Valverde, N Brevnova, Pietro Passera, F Escrivá, J El-Din, G Ertl, Tringham, S Wakabayashi, J Soler-Soler, T Tenenbaum, Kurt Widhalm, S Yoshizumi, M Masin, L Tsibina, S Shutler, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Nigel J. Crowther, M C O'Neill, A N Pehlivanidis, A Kürklü, P Bouter, Savontaus M-L., Sharp Gwg., Kivelä S-L., A Krasner, E Carrasco, Ravi V. Shah, A Skytthe, P Roca, B O Boehm, Felicia Ranta, Ulrich Werner, A Shearer, D Hosaka, P Papadimitriou, C Dimosthenopoulos, L Farkas, K Short, S Futakuchi, Z Garamvölgyi, C Hohberg, B Heckmann, M S Fineman, H Akahori, Yasuhiko Iwamoto, K Hashimoto, Zhihui Zhong, S Shubeska Stratrova, G M Cvijovic, C Neumann-Haefelin, Amna Khamis, J D Betteridge, P Fratino, Itxaso Rica, L Tsutskiridze, S Nakajima, S N Koval, Paolo Brunetti, J Buithieu, A K Rasmussen, John P. New, V W Rahlfs, S Pellitero, Claude Bouchard, P D van Poelje, A Ghio, S Barcelo-Batllori, B Götz, Fernando Djs., Antonio E. Pontiroli, P Lim, M Eckhard, Norbert Stefan, L Alviggi, G A Thomson, S Bergmann, E De Amici, Elisa Pagnin, C Gatsiou, Markku Laakso, M. Massi Benedetti, Szabo, E R Trimble, H Konya, T Örn, G Valsamakis, J Zhang, S Mcintyre, H Yu, C Huang, Ken’ya Sakamoto, David A. Savage, Martin Whyte, S Vakkalanka, G C Webb, R. Reitano, D James, D Bradshaw, K G Parhofer, Napoleone Ferrara, P Boucek, Henry J. Dargie, V Artikis, R A Flett, Giovanni Anfossi, I S Simeonov, D J Drucker, A Chamson, Phillips Diw., Charlotte Malis, Bernd Schultes, M. I. Hawa, Shanta J. Persaud, S Geloneze, J Sponarova, S. Lahdenperä, Y Komatsu, B Capaldo, Wojciech Młynarski, D Brasacchio, G Allochis, H Takeda, W Doering, J Grimshaw, Ichiro Niki, D Degiannis, C Köder, Carla Iacobini, Norbert Hermanns, Voss, A Grimaldi, R. Wassmuth, L Bernardi, A. Crinò, T S Temelkova-Kurktschiev, C Nita, Michail Antsiferov, A Balini, Yoo H-J., Giovanna Oddi, A C Bossi, D. S. Harry, Á Vatay, Peter R. Flatt, M Fukumoto, Sebastio Perrini, Halfoun Vlc., R Helal, Donald C. Simonson, B L Shine, E Maltezos, J Ryskjær, H Bessho, Yoichiro Kamatani, M Veitenhansl, M Farnier, N Hole, M Abbasi, Cha B-Y., Gall M-A., M Bogatean, Amitha Gopinath, M Vettore, O Seda, V J Willey, Carl Johan Östgren, R M Parhimovich, Rennings Ajm., B G Kravitz, D Lipkin, Andrea Galgani, A Nakajima, Alvin C. Powers, J E Paiker, E Souhami, Per Hildebrandt, Charlotte Kragelund, C Lindloh, M Sasaki, Torben F. Ørntoft, Nilima Biswas, G Giani, J Lazarus, H U Janka, H Li, F Reeß, S Athanaselis, S Sankar, Carlos Hernández, A Tone, R Capani, E Biermann, C. N. Hales, Petersen Jla., M Federici, Torben Jørgensen, P Kurtzhals, Michael N. Weedon, Eva Lind Rasmussen, Rupert Beale, B Leiting, Per K. Christensen, R J Young, M J Wooddell, Guy P. Nason, Jean-François Martin, J A Ruggles, C De Natale, Renu A. Kowluru, Alexandra Schneider, M E Cerf, S Galande, V. Miselli, Romano Regazzi, I Gkioulmpasanis, D Voinovich, Susanne Ullrich, Zhao P-L., R Rabasa, W G Towers, D Cerrato, G A Nuttall, Halimi J-M., Marco Falasca, Antonio Zorzano, D Bottino, C J Mullany, Michael Alvarsson, Matthias Nauck, E Pankowska, S Bulgurlu, U Hoss, Eiji Kawasaki, Davide Lauro, Ha Kbn., Beauvieux M-C., Enzo Bonora, J Lane, H Mahtab, N. Klöting, D L Winter, Freyse E-J., G. Biemer-Daub, Cecilia Invitti, J Dabrowski, Laurence Ladrière, Catherine Born, A Hiukka, Y Inoue, M Cimmino, Y K Kim, Jeanette Kuhl, J Peiker, J Szánthó, B. Zierhut, P Blazicek, M Calbacho, L Marenah, M Zbinden, Y Nakasone, David R. Owens, P Ross, T Vilsbøll, A Šmahelová, E Boldrini, S Santos-Palacios, T Krarup, J Bonnet, Dorte Vistisen, R A Ritzel, Tsuguhito Ota, L Guja, B Chappuis, Nils Billestrup, A Grilli, Polly J. Bingley, Sabine Fischer, Kenneth Robertson, P M Bell, R Coll, Y Uchigata, A Glebocka, L Rizzo, Swangjit Suraamornkul, Egberts E-H., E Zapanti, K Oi, Hideichi Makino, N. Visalli, Häkkinen A-M., Uwe Voelker, Ian Lawrence, Marju Orho-Melander, Mary-Elizabeth Patti, K Herrmann, B Hultberg, Hoekstra Jbl., Nael Shaat, Hannele Yki-Järvinen, E Canbek, E Madarász, A Marsocci, N A Foxwell, P Sorichetti, Eva Aguilera, A Bronisz, J LaSalle, M Freeman, M S Kipnes, K Ažman-Juvan, Stefan R. Bornstein, Y Kainou, Francesca Porcellati, Bart Keymeulen, Y Takemura, Joanne Rasschaert, L Juurinen, M Broch, Paddison Cam., Jens Faber, M Sanges, R Swift, S D Luzio, T Kuchmerovska, J. De Schepper, Sabina Baumgartner-Parzer, C. Herder, Peter Rossing, C L Frost, K Kaku, Zhiguang Zhou, Thomas C. Wascher, Song B-R., S Bai, M Vázquez, B. Van der Auwera, A Pavanini, Luisa Gilardini, K S Sunnerhagen, Claes B. Wollheim, S Shinn, Christian Dina, Yoichiro Iwakura, L Thomas, K C Lasseter, J Crook, V Kraft, C. J. Bailey, E Estimes, A Jiménez, Georgeanna J. Klingensmith, G Menzinger, C Rinsch, Anna Jonsson, Masakazu Kobayashi, A Goertz, K Papatheodorou, J. Lopes de Faria, C Karasu-Yilmaz, C H Hobbs, J Behjati, R Buckingham, A Patruno, A Heinrich, L. Kalbe, A Oglesby, Y Fujita, O Zacharopoulou, P Di Fulvio, G Poggi, J Jowett, W Isley, Susumu Suzuki, M Zamaklar, A M Carter, S. Efendic, Claude Knauf, Stephen B. Williams, Wu H-S., S de Kreutzenberg, Susanne Schwenke, A Coppelli, S Maxeiner, E Stridde, M Zurawska, J. H. Fuller, P Di Tomo, D Pisarczyk-Wiza, J Dudenhausen, Robert G. Nelson, Catherine Pihoker, M F Bullano, Tuomo Rankinen, J Wada, R A Greiner, L A Tchugunova, T Okada, M Bosevski, G Dentan, S Bruce, H Rittmeier, I Peovska, B Augendre-Ferrante, Zsolt Bosnyak, H van Wasen, Peter Almgren, Lut Overbergh, Bernard R. Landau, D Schumann, Frédérique Diraison, B Dietrich, Q Zhou, Alan D. Cherrington, Ottavio Giampietro, Margaret M Band, G Brandrup-Wogsen, R Eher, N Kim, Merlin C. Thomas, V Anand, K Szosland, B Gustafson, Aina S. Lihn, Mamputu J-C., Dosch H-M., G Paragh, Robert E. Ratner, C D Kim, A Heckel, Adrian J. Bone, V G Athyros, Léopold Fezeu, M A Denke, N Karlovich, M Morgutti, N Villela, Mathias D. Brendel, Peter Krippeit-Drews, Akira Matsutani, Gyula Tamás, Ole Schmitz, Chae S-H., J T Willerson, L Galuska, A Vanoli, G Habib, Giuseppe Remuzzi, R. R. Rizza, R. Sillard, S Longhitano, Hongliang Li, Y I Karachenzev, J Denne, M Grenningloh, J Hayes, B J Goldstein, S Erdmann, A Midtgaard, D F Giannakopoulou, Dick de Zeeuw, A. Holstein, J Brązert, M Zmudzinska, R E Davis, Felipe F. Casanueva, F Huet, Stephanie A. Amiel, Y Miyake, N Hiroi, Eberhard Standl, G Sebag, Caroline Kistorp, R Jaziri, Rita Basu, M Mertl-Roetzer, Flavia Franconi, U. Di Mario, M Brammer, U Langel, Meghan L. Marré, F Garcia, G H Thoresen, Ingrid Kockum, H Gin, L Sedova, Susanne Rudberg, Martin Prázný, Diana Rubin, I Kyrou, T. J. Wilkin, A D Kriketos, E M Egido, K. Sugimoto, Janssen Pgh., E Aktas, E Rylander, M Ramazashvili, Hans-Ulrich Häring, Mackay Djg., J Skupien, Yoshihisa Nakatani, I Karádi, Jurg Ott, H Makki, A J Ló, T B Bödvarsdóttir, Timo A. Lakka, J Nerup, Anders Rasmussen Rinnov, F Assimacopoulos-Jeannet, G Beretta Anguissola, F U Rodriguez, A Garcia-España, B Neve, P Curtis, M Boldrin, E Csongradi, M E Hossain, Jürgen Kasper, Concetta Suraci, Lex M. Bouter, Z Skrivanek, H Bischoff, H Yamazaki, Nicola Jackson, Irene M Stratton, D Vogelsang, E Baranyi, Andrei I. Oprescu, X Yan, L A Resnik, A Wajman, M J Sheetz, R T Ribeiro, K Oono, Angelika Thon, A H Boss, K U Wittrup-Jensen, Nanne Kleefstra, E. Ferrari, Thomas Strack, Häring H-U., R Chow, Gabriele Perriello, R Z Timar, R Giannarelli, Y Saito, Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen, Peter Bergsten, D Raunig, A Rovira, Gunnar Sigurdsson, Z Melczer, L Gu, R Elli, C Chan, F N Wang, Carmine G. Fanelli, Thomas Illig, M Szabó, K Holtz-Neiderer, R Kominato, Nieves González, M Pfohl, D. P. Bataille, R Peter, Robert J. Heine, E Bacillo, S J Creely, D Bruttomesso, D Karagianni, I O Shymanskyy, Lüddeke H-J., D P Kurktschiev, H J Kim, K Nanjo, B R Lee, Valeriya Lyssenko, Y Hasegawa, P Langer, C Gemma, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Dale S. Edgerton, C Romano, Sotirios A. Raptis, S Ishida, S Frantz, U Ott, D Simmons, Philippe Morel, P M George, E Müller, F Saleh, M. Grabert, John A. Todd, V Golozoubova, M Sikter, Carla Giordano, P K Awah, M Colding-Jorgensen, O Schoeffski, T Suda, A V Kulikovskaya, T. Lauritzen, Y Fujii, Philip G. McTernan, G V Donchenko, D P Hancock, G Renier, G Maclaine, Nita G. Forouhi, O Kolterman, S Nag, Bengt Vessby, J Genescà, D Moruzzo, P Dittrich, Aristidis Veves, M Sacco, Christopher Shaw, F Agrò, F Oana, I I Dedov, P Sergeev, A Sotiropoulos, L Moretti, Paolo Pinton, Nigel P. Jones, K Takemoto, Mary A. Cotter, Mauro Castellarin, N Roper, Peter Gæde, E Cerasi, T Hoffmann, D Gabellini, Ramzi A. Ajjan, Y Yu, Huh K-B., G I Kuntchevich, Kenichi Shikata, U Puch, Hirofumi Misu, P García, J Shen, S M Katzman, Marco Castagneto, H H Hundborg, E Kaszas, Choi M-H., R Battiato, H Shi, Y Oh, Adela Penesova, C Xipnitos, Julie C. Price, T Imamura, A M Tonkin, C Tang, A A Barros-Filho, N Chartrel, A Findlow, Z V Caparevic, Jukka Westerbacka, T Ishii, A R Vlad, O V Tuzova, M Y Gorshunska, Knut Borch-Johnsen, P Pizzocri, Bernt Lindahl, T M Wallace, H C Deng, Mikael Knip, M Shimodahira, Renato Lauro, F Zelaya, Giovanni Pacini, I Franzetti, E Karagiannis, L Wood, Wendy A. Davis, Karen J. Mcneil, M Scott, Mariella Sorcini, G Lasfargues, Philippe Froguel, Kjersti S. Rønningen, R Chotmongkol, G Zasadzinska, R Iakoubov, E Kiwanuka, M Arribas, M Schuler, K Pyörälä, H. de la Calle, Maciej Wideł, V Lowe, Ilaria Dicembrini, D H Beran, R Morikawa, K Satani, G Scarselli, Lea Bruhn Nielsen, Ahn Y-M., Aveni Haynes, Leslie Rdg., Basem M. Abdallah, K V Allen, Max Bulsara, Masataka Kusunoki, D L Duhamel, F Cipollone, Lee S-J., È Palik, A I Gladkich, T Sato, Yogish C. Kudva, L Gardete-Correia, Yoshinori Hinokio, Martin Rossmeisl, Lorena Amadio, G Gates, K Wittrup-Jensen, A Pfützner, E Tourel, V Moya-Suri, Y Imai, U Zeymer, A I Santos, J Mueller, M Lombardi, K Luz, Olga Kotova, Angela Scipioni, Bernard Portha, Reinhard G. Bretzel, Risa Ozaki, I A Katz, L Dakovska, Sampath Narayanan, T P Levchenko, M Lazarova, J Stock, D D Kim, J J Vendrell, Heikki O. Tikkanen, Ostenson C-G., Ronan Roussel, Hideaki Nakagawa, Gabriel I. Uwaifo, Paul D. Griffiths, Klaus Moeschel, Lee B-W., I Rojas, K. Staiger, Brendan T. Kinsley, J Gebel, Alessandra Bertolotto, Anthony Zagar, Domenico Accili, Richard H. Jones, A Mayorov, J M Morrell, S Soedamah-Mathu, R Obrenovic, T C Cavakcanti, J Łopatyński, Ottavia Porzio, A Barbera, R Piechatzek, Ewa Małecka-Panas, M M Mocanu, David W. Dunstan, A Y Tokmakova, Sei Hyun Baik, A De Bellis, D Kallend, D Melloul, C Rosak, S G Paule, Vicki Thallas, A Schrodter, P Roesen, G M Steil, Sabine E. Hofer, P Juretschke, D Zozulinska, Slavisa Ninkovic, V Pauvaday, D A Darko, Kim J-I., David R. Tomlinson, Fach E-M., A Papaefstathiou, L Gürtler, N Wiernsperger, J Simcox, L M Dickson, S Fujii, J Schwarz, Lars S. Rasmussen, M Trautmann, M Uzan, A Sato, Hans Günther Wahl, Tore Julsrud Berg, Kar Keung Cheng, C J Emery, M Lipsett, U Belz, Majlinda Lako, E M Gould, Rikke Due-Andersen, J N Mbanya, C Fiore, Takao Nakamura, Shield Jph., B Nadal, Lene Simonsen, Barry M. Brenner, D Fedak, J Chen, Laura E. Parton, Gao H-Y., John B. Buse, B Vialettes, M Y Guo, T Evers, Melanie J. Davies, Joan Soler, D Schmiegelt, Bárbara Angel, Hoe, B Parker, G Giovannitti, Ross Lawrenson, O Rigal, J Raastam, D S Kim, Björn Olde, Berggren P-O., Calum Sutherland, F Vittone, A Gauthey, A. M. Wagner, Paul Czernichow, Arturo Rosso, A Peter, J Hřebíček, V Martínek, B Jardin, A Fiorito, M V Trigo, S Bassan, N R Busciantella, C Turpini, G Seghieri, R Gelisio, K Nakanishi, D Pittasch, A Kamaratos, Irminger J-C., Monika Cahova, Y. Miyazaki, D V Coppini, Avierinos J-F., Erifili Hatziagelaki, S Schmauss, Richard G. Feltbower, Giancarlo Viberti, P G Steg, S Paulin, S M Marcovina, C. Marzari, Keld Fosgerau, S A Constantin, Adam Kretowski, K Yoshiuchi, K Cypryk, Geloneze, Jason L. Eriksen, Luis Garcia, L A Lavery, A Paroli, C A Ellery, M Morales de Teresa, Martin Ridderstråle, Riccardo C. Bonadonna, Solomon Tesfaye, N Gebeloglu, S Odenbach, A Baumgarten, Frank Schaper, K Dimitriou, F Costantino, O Basat, C A Mathis, V Lassmann-Vague, Kim D-J., J E Pessin, Shi Y-F., Michael Ristow, Kerstin Brismar, V Padilla, M Paganelli, Katinka Stoffels, A Caselli, R Cioni, G Nosso, C Conde, J Foley, M Tsuchiya, I Naumenkova, J M Pou, D Holmes, Richard J MacIsaac, M J Davies, G Jenkins, F Lavalle-Gonzalez, Daphne Owens, E Gibson, Richard E. Gilbert, Foster Avm., Sieradzki J, M W Davis, S Lahiry, James Mason, S Di Silvestre, Ken Walder, B Sporleder, B P Nixon, S Murao, Claus Thamer, V Kren, M A Buyukbese, B Burwinkel, M L Bigelow, C Bellin, P Mayr, J C Beer, Kim K-S., Willy Malaisse, A Ojeda, M Macugowska, A Varró, E Hammer, A R Baker, Alan W. Stitt, Rayaz A. Malik, H A Keizer, A Poscia, V Suri, K Kusterer, Allan D. Struthers, Martin J. Hessner, L A Anderson, Nigel Irwin, J S Christiansen, H V Schaff, D Hancock, L Nielsen, J J Mukherjee, M Essenpreis, C R Stephenson, D Betoulle, T Shibata, L Blonde, S O'Neil, T Hrachovinova, B Mirkiewicz-Sieradzka, G M Valorani, S Jahan, P Luzniak, Stephanie Halford, B Young, E Zabala, P Jousilahti, Hubert Vidal, P Kowey, G Hawthorne, A Zalewski, D Cokkinos, J Maroni, S Drewelow, Y Gao, Maria Paula Macedo, Wendy Dean, Janusz Blasiak, Delporte M-Ll., J Doupis, S Marcu, G Su, D Christakidis, Sabine Sewing, P Pánczél, H Matsumoto, K Rickenbach, A Calì, Giuseppe Derosa, A Linke, H Piperidou, Y Miura, B Kocher, D Nelson, Jo Y-Y., Päivi J. Miettinen, D Leontsini, M Prasek, A R Jones-Leone, H Ahn, R Alemzadeh, Yoshitomo Oka, Anna Solini, Fernanda Ortis, Neville Owen, Simona Cernea, Maciej Pawłowski, Sherry Martin, J L Selam, T Tulokas, K Lammi, Rolland J-F., Stephen Thomas, R.T. de Jongh, C Diehm, S Altimir, E. Manzato, W Szymczak, Michael Khan, S Lally, S Aycheh, I Stengele, Kim S-I., Zbigniew Szybiński, Carol Bower, Koichi Kato, I Evangelista, Eveline Eschwège, S Fujimoto, J Born, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis, O Schnell, Y Zhang, C Jørgensen, Lorenzo Piemonti, P Pithova, M Shirai, B. Kilhovd, M Dzabic, A.D. Hughes, Denis Raccah, P Berto, K Nizheradze, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Thomas Nyström, J A Shu, J Ostman, E Cicconetti, Helen E. Thomas, Margareta Svensson, P Vautrin, Andreas Fritsche, Lawrence Rosenberg, K Stoschitzky, M Yamakoshi, B Pandey, Kazuaki Nagashima, N Pound, W Srikusalanukul, D D Sandeman, L Wu, M C Stapperfend, P Saxena, SE Jones, C Colombo, C Caccioppoli, A K Keenan, P Piatkiewicz, H Frobøse, H-Erich Wichmann, J Marquez, C A Maloney, F Stasini, Elena Matteucci, J Arezzo, M Dalfrà, Maria Aisporna, M Nastoll, M Germán, M Riddle, Munehide Matsuhisa, Alessandro Sartorio, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Lars Rydén, I Panagiotou, M Fisher, J P Yeo, M C Riddle, K Anthony, Patrizia Ippolita Patera, T Bobkiewicz-Kozłowska, A Gasiorowska, M Artwohl, Kim K-W., Lutz Heinemann, P V Voss, A Tsuchida, N Ueda, Huriya Beyan, Joachim Rosenbauer, M Sultana, N I Gorbenko, B B Rønn, J Bělobrádková, Michael Haap, J Després, K Cooper, C Tzioras, J Goodwin, J A Myers, Eriksson A-K., M Sahilli, H Sasaki, D Grassetti, S Nencioni, Suzuki J-Y., F Wang, Erica L. Fletcher, H Chen, P Augstein, W J Valentine, Burkhard Göke, Damien Jolley, K Raun, A Seftel, K Okumura, N Follak, A Risse, M Stolinski, Vineet M. Arora, L Vaur, Steven Patterson, T. Heise, Rossi Mce., L. Quarré, D Dorigo, K P Bouter, H Serghides, M. Matsuda, Astrup Av, R Cramb, S Chipchase, Andrzej Lewiński, R Wadwa, C Friedrich, S Giordanetti, Joan Vendrell, Souvik Das, D McGechie, E Locatelli, E Sossidou, D Li, Meinardi, G Thalhammer, Jay S. Skyler, C J Muller, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Susan M. Ring, Richard R. Rubin, S Pramming, Attila Brehm, D Klomp, C Plachot, E Santeusanio, F Roquet, A Naassan, B Pini, Patricia B. Carroll, Maura Pettiti, David S. Rowlands, Jandeleit-Dahm Kam., Timothy M. Frayling, A. K. Sjølie, A. de la Peña, M Franciosi, P A Torjesen, Jonathan C. Levy, S Caruso, B M Sreckovic, S Kim, L Arnaldi, H. B. Holt, M. Parkkonen, Francesco Dotta, M Diamant, H Hilden, A Manginas, N Tsokos, Davis, Barbara Leibiger, M Vaxillaire, V Deschamps, S Hernandez Campos, M Benchimol, Meftun Ahmed, S J Murdoch, Z V Zabarovskaya, Christine Waterman, T Werner, L Brunerova, D Coca-Robinot, D Pejkovic, Jesper Lau, Andreas Melidonis, R A Afonso, V Bronte, W Kotowa, C Broca, Orian S. Shirihai, Stehouwer Cda., Y Nishi, S Wanyonyi, R Fabregate, P A Khanam, S Nepal, Aimin Xu, Jan S. Ulbrecht, S M Ilic, H Hattori, A Panadero Moya, Pietro Castellino, Chiara Guglielmi, Masaru Sakurai, C Barrett, T Trüb, Christine Darwin, S Gross, Carmine Gazzaruso, J Coulaud, L Carbillon, Choi N-H., Anna C. Calkin, U Besenfelder, W Horn, K P Zak, S Nordman, L Zajdenverg, Y Sunaga, G A Spinas, P M Whitty, Kentaro Ohtoshi, Daniela Gasperikova, T Rinaldi, M R Nangle, Vincenzo Positano, C Lasseur, Paul Marsden, M Cinteza, Jeannet Lauenborg, M Párrizas, B Arslan, D Oakley, N S Mason, F Lauster, A B Lowenfels, A H van den Meiracker, M De Smet, P Politakis, Martin Tfj., M Watanabe, Gianna Toffolo, M Kimura, Sudhesh Kumar, A Petrov, G A Raciti, A. M. Umpleby, T Pervin, Maciej T. Małecki, E Tuomilehto-Wolf, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, R Bonfante, R Gerona, L F Zang, T Sundsten, Mogens Kruhøffer, Johanne Tremblay, Naoto Katakami, L E Foster, Jorge Ferrer, D M Yellon, G Macdonell, T Appl, Levendal R-A., Arany Ejr., B Glisic, R Lestrade, M Dolci, F Pellegrini, K B Rooney, T Ishikawa, H Mayaudon, G Freckmann, V Asnaghi, N Rajkovic, Markus Tiedge, J Marniemi, Jian Peng, D Treacher, P. Z. Zimmet, V Jewhurst, H S Chaudhury, Magnus Møller, E Mathiesen, S Triscornia, Michael Stumvoll, Dirk Wedekind, T Todo, N Schifino, Jacek Kasznicki, C McHorney, Am Sironi, V Patel, N A Abdella, K Ohno, Karin Jandeleit-Dahm, Rafn Benediktsson, K Sztefko, D Yin, Michael R. Christie, J Hill, Simi Ahmed, A Behar, Borys J-M., Don Johns, David G. Armstrong, B Hare, B Szepietowska, S Frojdo, B Meyer, H Hanaire-Broutin, R Reich, A T Ali, A A Dreval, A J Stears, Y Sui, V Mattoo, Wilding Jph., F Azizi, M A Heise, Dana Dabelea, Afshan Siddiq, A. P. Lambert, L Steen, Giuseppe Pugliese, Steen Andersen, F Salman, G Parnaud, Hahn J-U., R A Silvestre, B Idzior-Waluś, B Guy-Grand, Linda D. Voss, Peter G. Jones, E Konoue, G Mello, Vigdis Aas, Yoshifumi Suzuki, Allan Flyvbjerg, L Mogylnytska, J B Hansen, Finn Gustafsson, Jürgen Schrezenmeir, S Kondo, A Ruggiero, I Tarkun, Jan Kopecky, A Umehara, K J Wiefels, D Ogawa, M Austen, F Bataller, John Wahren, Birger Thorsteinsson, G. H. Tomkin, I Pogliaghi, Ahn C-W., M Ishizaki, I Peiró-Martinez, Webb D-L., Ketan Dhatariya, Akihisa Imagawa, Roberto Lupi, P Petit, F Fehse, Jason D. Cooper, Pfeiffer Afh., V Cunsolo, E E Agardh, R Nieuwland, F Ekram, Jensen Rbb., Jens Bülow, HU Häring, Quynh Ntt., D Kawamori, M Herná Alarcó, M Kolpe, Gianfranco Parati, N Labastie, U Mager, D Krenova, M Aragona, Wolffenbuttel Bhr., Pierre Maechler, B P Kovatchev, L Mordhorst, C Coghi, L Wassef, G Füst, Z M Lu, Ewan R. Pearson, D De Cesare, S V McLennan, K Mikoudi, Ali Naji, O Apostolou, A Roussin, J I San Pedro, L N Scherbacheva, A Baroni, McNamara Mrj., M Perez-Maraver, A P Shepelkevich, M Ehren, Alex Harper, C Merezak, M Morrissey, Leena Kinnunen, H Goto, P Maincent, Oluf Pedersen, R. R. Lyu, G Rizzo, V V Bogomolov, N Krasova, G M McGuire, Tina Parkner, A Timi, Johann Bauersachs, S Foussas, S A Schreiber, T Monauni, Schwarz Peh., Allenberg, J D Lee, S Dewan, Y G Zheng, D Carroll, E Sarti, C Wollheim, Anna Kaminski, C Menneila, P Bucher, Xu Jyu., Vincent Rigalleau, A Schöpfer, Hans Jörnvall, A Ben Drief, X Jeunemaitre, E Schuster, Chan Slf., S Bilgic, J Coverly, K Szafraniec, Stalenhoef Afh., H Bergert, David I. W. Phillips, J Maksimovic Pavlovic, Sergio E. Starkstein, E Chaim, T Lehmann-Lintz, P Salacone, Tim Armstrong, Ingrid Klöting, C M Frampton, Franco Cavalot, A.K.Azad Khan, H Rose, Marta Letizia Hribal, Jette Kolding Kristensen, H Gröbe, M Nishi, A Vanderplas, Howlett Hsc., L E Bowen, R Malik, A Wu, Charles C. Richardson, Y Li, P G McNally, Yoon K-H., A Baleydier, M J Murphy, P. M. Nilsson, U Lindblad, Sten Madsbad, T Bíró, Riitta Veijola, Charlotte Glümer, Assunta Pandolfi, Lydia Aguilar-Bryan, M Namba, C Franzen, S Lopatriello, David Russel Jones, S. Cellek, T Derezinski, Ronald P. Stolk, B Yermen, Marina Trento, Christine Feinle-Bisset, T S Futers, Ahn S-K., D Yue, R Nakamura, Shin Tsunekawa, Ortwin Naujok, Marina Vladimirovna Shestakova, Matthew Wintle, M P Guarino, Giovanni Camussi, B Persson, M Brahimi, Raffaella Buzzetti, H Hendrickx, H Schuster, Anthony J. Brookes, N K Hoa, A Ianni Palarchio, T Marte, N H Redemann, M Pufal, Roya Babaei-Jadidi, C Glüimer, Susanne J. Szabo, G Zuodar, Laura Calvillo, M Homering, K Stegner, L Min, Y Haider, S Evangelista, N Soydan, Y Yerushalmy, Z Karimi Anderesi, A Bernjak, Laine A-P., A E Udovichenko, Eva Corpeleijn, A Rieger, Tahseen A Chowdhury, D Schmid, Krystyna Matyka, O V Ivanova, G Ciampittiello, P Vague, I Schmoelzer, Groop P-H., J Weidenhammer, Luis Arnes, A Khoruzhenko, Jelena Skibova, W Jefferson, M Catala, J K Wilson, G Dunseath, A D Tselepis, S. Leotta, A. Sämann, R A Gerber, T Busila, P E Fraser, William J. Jeffcoate, J Pariès, K Huoponen, Anne Jörns, G Shanmugam, A Tsiavou, S Yoshida, Kim M-J., Annapaula Giulietti, S Paillasson, K Tsuchiya, Divyen K Shah, P Saar, S S Juarez, Stefanie Maxion-Bergemann, J Briody, V Schmitz, C M Pena, J Fernádez-Real, S Naruse, M Kalis, A P Klimenko, X H Chen, H.H. Lervang, G Bock, Mirja Tiikkainen, J Potockova, N Pekcanli, George Dragicevic, Timothy M. Rose, David C. Goff, H Komori, V Vasseur-Delannoy, S Hanley, P Hajos, C W Ahn, Matsuoka T-A., J Burns, Petar M. Seferovic, Yuki Kita, K Lyons, K Kohri, Eleftheria Zeggini, Y Ding, G Belcher, Steven V. Edelman, N Dinççaǧ, Christopher J. Rhodes, Manders Rjf., S Giveon, Dario Iafusco, L Li, M C Ribaudo, Kang S-K., Laurie J. Goodyear, L Martinez, C Vermigli, H Dabire, R Raymond, J de Haan, Christopher J. Groves, Å Norberg, H Jahr, M Gloster, Christopher D. Byrne, R Nagase, M Gorska, S Jinagouda, Marcin Baranowski, J M Bruun, L F Fan, Marco Bugliani, Ferdinando Nicoletti, S Born, T Milicic, C Haug, A Imbroinise, Rafael Carmena, G Gedulin, Benoit R. Gauthier, M Ptak, Schweitzer M-A., A Kayserilioǧlu, Rory J. McCrimmon, Ludmila Kazdova, D Pittrow, M Unal, L G Hunsicker, B Komsuoglu, E V Titovich, N L Petrova, M F Saad, T Lindström, D Koev, G Pigas, Pamela Phillips, Timo Otonkoski, S Kanhasura, Ignacio Conget, L Forga, B Rokeya, K Naraine, M Kuroda, F W Hanna, N Hancu, O E Voronko, A Urrutia, E Krusinova, K Stenlof, G. Philippou, W E Brady, Shlomo Sasson, I Cuccuru, S Welte, Md. Shahidul Islam, P Burian, S Creely, B Reinsen, Seema Garg, R Froguel, S Mathi, Myriam Nenquin, R S Crow, L Wogensen, J Brumberg, M Saito, E Hak, C Caravaggi, B Veldman, R E Gregg, A Swaminathan, S Allgauer, F Whitehouse, J Saban-Ruiz, S Rössner, A B Lewandowska, Toshinari Takamura, Elaine M. Dennison, Eugenia Carvalho, Rafael Simó, F Gigli, Chiasson J-L., H Weiss, E Jaeckel, T Krarup Hansen, F Bonnet, J Wu, L A Atramentova, F Murray, Flemming Pociot, A Arne, C. Valadas, F Boomsma, Marketa Sjögren, C Richart, Stefan Schreiber, M M Musri, M Dworacka, E Zakja, Peter Båvenholm, R Gelfand, Steven W. J. Lamberts, Temel Yilmaz, F Péan, K Rave, M Hirata, C Helbig, Y Kido, M Sumarac-Dumanovic, Emma Bingham, N Saadat, L Strindberg, R G Brodows, J Rihl, N C Unwin, Peter Watt, P. Van Rooy, Alexander V. Chibalin, M Michelini, Chantal Mathieu, Samy Hadjadj, W M Sallas, E Schroeder, E Woźniakiewicz, U Golbach, Jeong I-K., M Nam, M Thompson, E Berrone, Leena Ryysy, S Matsuno, G R Fulcher, Jan Schulze, Rachele Berria, Abdol-Reza Esteghamati, Claire Pentecost, D Begic, D Bailbé, J Seo, A Caduff, M Hompesch, E Nishimura, Soroku Yagihashi, Przemysława Jarosz-Chobot, A L Harte, M. E. Trujillo, Dreyfus J-F., G Golor, O Serri, George A. Werther, S Pahler, M Traversa, A. Jotic, I Seljeflot, Renata Krupa, K Irjala, M P Manns, V Sasseville, M R Yun, I Tauveron, Moira Harrison, C Müller-Brandes, Jan Škrha, L Javashvili, C Giusti, Jørgen Rungby, R M Segura, Oh Y-S., P Cavallo Perin, A Piazza, Fumihiko Sakakibara, F Caricato, K Manolopoulos, H. Aladdin, Elena Delgado, C Negut, R Hougaard, H Feldmeier, Francesca Cannata, B Mylari, C Kloos, Xia Li, A Turco, P Thieblot, J Lee, K Koczwara, Gan Huang, I M Briaud, L. Williams, J Ibáñez, Wing-Yee So, Joachim Størling, Kamadjeu Rkk., Sarah J. Bailey, J M González-Posada, M Brändie, M Adiseshiah, N Boschetti, K Tsukiyama, R Iwasa, Naoko Tajima, K K Seah, K Gorbenko, B Saha, Bettina Fischer, M Boronat, Y Kaneko, P K Jaiveer, T Østergård, S Pye, J Rosada, M Fazia, S Duran, Jonas Lindström, Muller Lma., Lee H-C., B Wilke, U Wohlrab, Y López, Philip Hougaard, H B Mortensen, G Riccardi, I Dedov, S Mauri, P G Matthews, D Holt, C Schöfl, N D Hancu, P Tong, Frank Döring, Michael Edmonds, Krystyna Wyka, R Citarrella, M J Mohler, Fabio Vistoli, J Gabaldon, T Gambling, T Barnera, Patrick Gilon, F Hadj Brahim, T M Kuchmerovska, Joachim Spranger, G Collier, Małgorzata Szelachowska, V Hwa, J Herwig, Asish K. Saha, Antje Wienbergen, P Merkouris, V R Driver, G Pellegrini, C Tusek, D Kuhl, J Salvador-Rodríguez, A Rivero, Af Björkesten C-G., L P Aiello, Ángela M. Valverde, A. Sola-Gazagnes, M Lenz, N Duffy, T. Charniauskaya, H Vavrinkova, B B Dokken, N García-Hernandez, M. C. Matteoli, W Neuhuber, B Gutt, Haiyan Wang, C De Tullio, Nikolaos Tentolouris, Susan E. Ozanne, A El-Ouaghlidi, R A Blacken, P K Marsden, S Saragoni, E Fernández, P Thams, Yukio Tanizawa, Cora Weigert, A Bajo-Martinez, A Icks, Yu Liu, Jan Erik Henriksen, J Lupón, C Chrysohoou, C Y Pan, M Enslen, Carsten F. Gotfredsen, S Paxian, C Sert, B Lescrauwaet, Nikolaos Karachalias, Harald Staiger, Soon Dkw., S Mandica, Arild C. Rustan, T Kokko, Luigi Gnudi, L Mantione, Y Mitchel, K Takebayashi, K Lindström, A Akhter, I Calota, Z A Leshchenko, R Henry, E Hagström-Toft, J A Sloniger, C Gredal, Palmer Cna., C Remade, Marion Marchand, S Liew, F Oriente, R Roesen, Ekaterine Bakhtadze, J Bodalski, Věra Lánská, U Baicchi, Terezie Pelikanova, Aniko Varadi, Trudy J. Smith, R Vettermann, Daniel Pipeleers, Becker Rha., S Speier, Saeger H-D., A Tedeschi, Peter J. Grant, W A Scherbaum, R Scardapane, C Arntz, L J Kerr-Bayles, V Poltorack, Sol E-R., G Deniz, Kasper Rossing, Scott J. Jacober, D Lucchesi, Kees J. Gorter, Shin J-S., F Bifari, Ravi Retnakaran, P C Tsiotra, Anna Möllsten, K Mironczuk, A Erdei, Gerry Melino, S G Kauschke, E Stenninger, A Morsanutto, Carmen Fajardo, A. Khan, M S Rasmussen, A Villena, C Ilic, G Gruden, S Uhles, M I Freed, I K Temple, Marco Giorgio, Z Radikova, M Lou, Theodora Temelkova-Kurktschiev, Sorin Ioacara, Patrick A. Ott, Christine Longuet, E Baldassari, Ian Chapman, Cristian Guja, S Seber, K Lundin, Juretschke H-P., A Kanatsuka, Schumicki D-M., Boris Mankovsky, E Liva, Johan Wadén, G Steil, P Chauveau, K Schafer, V Borzì, A S Andersen, D P Mikhailidis, L Groop, Hans J. Arnqvist, M Salvadorini, H. J. Bodansky, Johnny Ludvigsson, A De Paoli, A de Prado, P Olesen, P Syrovatka, V V Klimontov, E Rodriguez, Arthur S. Leon, Alberti Gkm., A Opel, S Kokkoris, S B Hong, Philippe Courtois, L Haque, Maria Sörhede Winzell, M C Beauvois, A Szypowska, D Yu, M Gutniak, D Petzinna, B Isomaa, K S Prickett, Maria Felice Brizzi, Pavel Hamet, P J Hammond, K. F. Michelmore, Yumie Takeshita, N Hariharan, Corrado M. Cilio, G Pogatsa, W G Jerome, E Bartley, K Schlembacher, G Blohmó, Guy A. Rutter, Kyung Mook Choi, S. C Tamer, Felix K. Assah, K A Jandeleit-Dahm, M Chan, H Darius, Jørgen F. P. Wojtaszewski, A Papazisi, M Amaya, A Knopff, M Tadayyon, I J Kim, W Russ, T Myrnäs, M. Tryon, S Poonsatha, Noel Cameron, Kim M-H., Alejandra Tomas, F Homo-Dekarche, G. Di Cianni, M Stotzka, C Solimine, Mikhail Borisovich Antsiferov, H Naserke, M Bianchi-Biscay, J I Lara, Moon C-K., Alain Ktorza, Alison N. Jeffery, V Lilla, Eun Seok Kang, Hanley Ajg., J Widder, R Ratner, C Goretti, P J Weston, J Perkins, V Rasmussen, M Evans, T M Gibson, A Jaffe, S I Chisalita, C Owman, L Hiltunen, E Kakishita, C M Mack, H C Potter, M Femerling, M Desai, M Soinio, K Yang, Patricia L. Brubaker, M Meyer, V Dy, J Berden, R Komers, Milos Adamec, R Petzoldt, Alan G. Robinson, R Stevens, A Doi, A Leunda, Eduard Montanya, Alessandra K Cardozo, N Kraenkel, Claudio Cobelli, U A Mueller, S Yamashiro, B R Gedulin, G Francisco, J Dennenmoser, Lesch K-P., Martin G. Bischof, M Ichita, C Fernandes, Jochen Hampe, S Kern, D Kelly, E Zeender, P Perna, J D Best, A C Calkin, Vivian Fonseca, J Prestle, D G Parkes, Satish K. Garg, T Burrell, B M Fischer, D Kruger, J S Skinner, Lin T-M., Jozef Ukropec, Maria Jeziorska, K Arii, David D. D’Alessio, M B Gomes, L Quandt, I Fragaki, M C Brindisi, A Gladkih, E Kitsou, S Di Cola, T Iwasaki, Peter Diem, T Lakka, V V Popova, G Lee, Hannah J. Welters, K Bonomo, Gavin Kelsey, Y Yerushalmi, A. H. Barnett, H. von Boehmer, K Blomberg, B Haag, M C Preiti, V Sanchez-Margalet, Fowelin Jhr., Y Bernard, M Chalkiadaki, E Grandi, R M Gow, V Schippmann, E. A. M. Gale, R Schiel, R Iwai, O Olari, A Braun, D Koziarska, Bernhard Ludvik, Lee H-W., W P Battisti, N Oliver, M Pankop, H Vertigan, M Pibernik-Okanovic, D Gianneli, J Oh, R Giorgino, M Ballmann, Olle Korsgren, M Pantaleoni, S Zavarella, Göran Sundkvist, Hans Stenlund, Harleah G. Buck, David J. Glass, Morrissey, I Uchimura, M Pugniere, R E Warren, M Mikkola, Baradez M-O., M Weck, C Häuser, D Šrámková, D Voelkel, R Prager, Y L He, M Cornes, O K Vikulova, E Evdemon, Peter R. Cavanagh, Allen Taylor, M Balabolkin, G Schreier, E Stern, J Lips, V Serban, G Sparacino, Roser Casamitjana, Aine McKillop, I Groza, E Bernal, Kathleen M Gillespie, T Ledet, A Garzaniti, F Hawkins, K M Tushaus, C Renaudin, Christina Maier, A Dormi, A Ubertalli, Inge Tetens, M Ostojic, E Pierre-Justin, A Bhushan, E Ur, L I Jeltova, Tilo Moede, E Tibiriça, Zoran Gucev, Knoch K-P., G Pizzolanti, A M Şengül, T P Degenhardt, Cristina Lencioni, M Fitchet, E Santini, E Devangelio, C Panaite, Y I Karachentsev, S B Solerte, Christos Manes, M Lipka, C H Teng, P Mrak, G Fegan, R C Milton, M Negrean, Astrid Plamboeck, L Patti, M Houk, Ritva Kauppinen-Mäkelin, Christoph F Ebenbichler, O Sysoyeva, Frantisek Saudek, H Wysocki, Robert A. Rizza, J Altirriba, Bjørn Richelsen, L. Lam, Rémy Burcelin, A Antsaklis, G Galimberti, R. de Vries, A Lewin, Marcia A. Testa, Lee B-C., M Krauth, A Fonollosa, Marco Cappa, L Rieger, Edoardo Mannucci, André Herchuelz, H Corominola, I Gangat, G Rábago, S Dalla Noce, L Kunselman, J Diehl, M Nattrass, M Kaiser, R Kawamori, E Istoc, Á Pintér, D G Maggs, T Aoki, Csaba Szabó, B Oguzhan, Roberto Ferrari, D M Schumann, Yang Y-W., Hideaki Kaneto, Q Chai, E Blase, Katarzyna Wozniak, D Quijada, George Dailey, U Stier, M Skowronski, Thierry Berney, Adria Giacca, M Askenas, C Tikellis, T Zima, M Lufuma, P T Sawicki, M Dundua, Y Kitahara, M Winter, Janet Lutale, David E. Kelley, Alicia Acitores, Erion, Matthias Möhlig, S Dalal, Birgit Rami, Monster Tbm., Michael Horowitz, L A Leiter, Neil B. Ruderman, David R. Hadden, Mark Walker, I Garai, Michel Polak, A Somogyi, C G Walker, Claes-Göran Östenson, Ou H-C., Thomas Haak, G Kouri, W Pusch, J Fabrin, Robyn J. Tapp, E Zander, B Todorova, Peter Damm, Mine Yilmaz, Michel Pinget, Aila Rissanen, K Leppert, Darren J. Kelly, R B Zaid, A Bohbot, U Fennenkötter, Margot Umpleby, H Rodriguez-Rosas, R. Edwards, J Boavida, S Micheletti, E Bouskela, J Kreuder, N Mizutani, Pardo Icg., R Haberl, S Georgia, D Choi, Monika Lechleitner, R Guerrero, C G Bala, S Y Kim, R Oates, C Miele, E Witthaus, T Sakai, Albert Lecube, Anne Sofie Astrup, Teppo A-M., Margareta Norberg, G Dakovska, I Spanopoulos, P. Djordjevic, Nikolai Petrovsky, J M Fernández-Real, NanWei Tnw., Bilo Hjg., D L Lawlor, E J Henriksen, Anette-Gabriele Ziegler, A McDougall, L Wong, M G Choi, Connie S Karschimkus, M Zaramella, M Gallo, I. G. Lawrence, Viswanathan Mohan, L Valera, H V Silveira, C Pitsavos, Kasper Hermansen, Cloos Pac., K F Hanssen, Samuel W. Cushman, Juergen Eckel, R E Hamman, N Scheffler, C Lengyel, D Bakri, M Fukuda, P Rossetti, A Heerschap, Barbara A. Fielding, Choi Y-H., M Massi-Benedetti, Mykola Khalangot, F. Campi, W A Al Dahi, G Hu, Q Dang, J Ruzickova, A Lifshitz, L M Scheek, A Penfornis, S.C. Campbell, T S Filters, A T Shearer, A Morosanu, M Yngen, K Dezaki, C Damgé, Robert B. Wallace, Neil Portwood, M Henricsson, M Yazawa, J Yantha, G Tepohl, Christopher S. Wendel, Oliveira Jep., R Tracy, M Schindler, M Nabli, H Hosoda, Linda Boselli, B Kunselman, Mentink Cja., L Waselle, P Šamalíková, J Kirchheiner, S Sejil, D Beebe, James D. Otvos, J. J. Holst, J. B. Lopes de Faria, Marian Rewers, Kenneth Cusi, Geng Y-J., F Esfahanian, Francesco Giorgino, D. Freedenberg, R De Caterina, J Seufert, M N Kerstens, W Sturm, M Fujiyama, Konstantinos Makrilakis, A Novials, Lars Berglund, P Strange, W Shim, Clive J. Petry, Michelle M Jack, A E Panteleon, S Wiltshire, G Radulian, C Leperlier, N Téllez, O Sekine, M Karlén, Noël C. Barengo, Qing Qiao, Christian Benedict, C H Saely, M Yoneda, C Gonzalez-Villalpando, Sara Giunti, W Roth, S Wein, E Com, Martin J. Stevens, Giovanni Ghirlanda, Darin Acosta, J Hokanson, M Hauschild, L. A. Powell, Vondra K, Haering H-U., F Afifiyan, K Bendtzen, D M Todd, Marc Y. Donath, Arleta Rewers, Francesco Prisco, R Maeda, A B Kanstrup, M Prats, Y Toledano, Timothy W. Jones, Simon C. Potter, Per Løgstrup Poulsen, M Ligueros-Saylan, Mark L. Evans, Jarl S Torgerson, G Zerbini, L A Ivanova, E Ohmura, C. Kupich, K. Yasuda, J Leprince, A Alaveras, R Ruetter, Kevin C.R. Baynes, Harald Sourij, Y Aramaki, du Prel J-B., Józef Drzewoski, van den Ouweland Jmw., Jochen Seissler, Iain D. Wilkinson, Irina A. Bondar, Y R Yu, S Miclea, S Galatius, T. Havrdova, L Montoya, M Zeller, G C Jones, R B Amazonas, T K Guseva, A Davidescu, Stavros Bousboulas, A. Sandbaek, C Ito, H Taniguchi, M L Simoons, Lars Weinehall, H. Boeing, M A Tambascia, R Grempler, C Speed, A M Mkrtum'yan, A A Darekar, K Hu, Firth Rgr., I Östlund, S Kawazu, P Chitson, B Perry, Joel Dunn, D G Rouiller, K Wagner, Oleg Dyachok, Algis J. Vingrys, S Habu, Mariella Trovati, H Sobajima, Pierre Lecomte, Kim T-H., D Virsaladze, M Oprean, F Pullen, A Rußmann, G J Bruining, Martina Düfer, Wen Xu, Min Y-K., Norman E Cameron, Gianfranco Pagano, K Harley, M Su, J P Le Berre, Sian Ellard, S Howard, D Russell-Jones, Z Li, S Carpenter, E L Thomas, W Tang, Lee M-S., N Ubrich, M. M. McMahon, G Vassilikos, N Brossa, M S Joergensen, S Smith, A Vania, Y Laurent, S Basir, A Freudenthaler, Sally M. Marshall, D Niedermayer, V I Pankiv, J Mentel, S Pruna, J M Pou Torelló, Y Ito, G Chrysos, Werner Kramer, Hironori Yamasaki, L Bowman, F Palumbo, P Ruth, G Lankas, Z H Liao, D Park, W Otter, C Montrone, Sevasti Zervou, Jennifer L. Wilkinson-Berka, Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, I Banu, Paolo Sbraccia, Bani Mukhopadhyay, Mark E. Cooper, M Kidron, Pål R. Njølstad, A M Jonsdottir, M R Burge, G Valpiani, Yutaka Oiso, David J. Hill, T Koch, J Park, A J Plaschke, M P Pye, A Totonelli, S Caronna, B Cremonesi, C Müller, K Tarhzaoui, Valentina Marchetti, M Rodier, Moshe Hod, C N Dang, Trevor A. Howlett, S J Thomas, C Penny, A. de Leiva, Gerald Vervoort, Ghislaine Fontés, Agnieszka Szadkowska, I Al-Zakwani, A Manari, M Eigenthaler, A. Björklund, K Nabe, Mohammad Abdur Rashid, Philips J-C., K Rebrin, Stefan Müller, Claus Thorn Ekstrøm, A A Papageorgiou, L Franco, Paul Hjemdahl, Martine Laville, Flemming S Nielsen, A I Vinik, P Perelli Cippo, Mikael Lehtihet, M Zairis, H Takahashi, M Pietryga, M Kameyama, Jens Knudsen, W W Lautt, Z Rušavý, G Milic, E Pedersen, U Krause, B Balletshofer, J Reviriego, A Scatena, H C Chen, V Gottschall, Alberto Piaggesi, J Gebbie, Maurizio Galderisi, K Nikkiä, A Blayo, D S Fosmark, DL Eizirik, K Busch, Francesco Beguinot, F Capani, A Carrillo, L Nährlich, Thomas Høi-Hansen, Bernard Charbonnel, Edith Schober, Ananda Basu, Deborah J. Smyth, Gerd Plewe, S Vahsen, Claire Levy-Marchal, B S Hansen, V Holtman, S Roche, C Whiteside, A E Fowler, K Helleberg, M Gerl, G Jerums, L Menditto, G Dell'Antonio, A Miles, E Kahan, M Kaibara, V A Serhiyenko, Cees J. Tack, M Shamkhalova, T Linn, R. Koznarova, O Oliyarnyk, Regine Bergholdt, Margaret C. Cam, Matthew Knuiman, U Guiducci, Joanne E. Curran, V Qvisth, F Horkay, Brun J-M., J Jurado, Markku Saraheimo, S Kaltenbach, D D Yin, E Mukai, M Schlosser, Kilbane, K Kølendorf, Hsu Y-J., Steen Gammeltoft, M S Mizel, U Müller, J Bothner, H C Schønheyder, M Ho, I B Bauche, A Etemadi, R F Urdaneta, A Kocijančič, Kim K-R., P E Carey, Olov Rolandsson, S Bochnig, Takahisa Hirose, Baldomero González, Banga J-D., S Vol, R P Hill, F Velazquez, Kathryn Mitchell, S Bott, Z Ma, Richard E Gilbert, D. Mills, A K Gosby, Alison M. Thomas, D Alexander, W Tanaka, Klaus Badenhoop, N D Thuan, B Otto, Gisela Drews, Rui Duarte, S Cantaro, Boulton Ajm., Hélène Hanaire, A Gorski, L Prieto-Sanchez, M Shestakova, Xiaoning Fan, M Higa, J Gurushankar, T Kunitou, D D Trifunovic-Zamaklar, J Nourooz-Zadeh, T F Ørntoft, G Doronzo, P Levéen, B Geloneze, C Fotino, D W Quinn, A Wojciechowska-Luźniak, G Mazzilli, Kook Hwan Kim, M Kaplar, L Dzneladze, Gregory J. Cooney, M Stahlhut, Frances L. Game, E J Bastyr, R Hiles, S. Mariz, T R Pieber, Howlett Hcs., J H Wilmore, Cha B-S., J M Brown, C Laue, Fiona M. Gribble, Susan E. Manley, D L Linemeyer, S G Ashwell, R Sabbah, Hisamitsu Ishihara, N Tronko, M Pohl, H Tindali, Lam Ksl., K Vollmer, I Nagaev, F. Gras, M Corfini, D Lyngsø, A M Sanigorski, Aldo Galluzzo, Alessandro Roberto Dodesini, E Shishko, H Moustgaard, S Piquer, O Tenberken, Ingrid Mühlhauser, A Sturk, Dianne L. Wingate, C Albala, Marie Degerblad, A Kubaszek, Gary W. Cline, J F Markman, J Louw, Y A Redkin, J E Shaw, Gaetano M. De Ferrari, R M Budzinski, I A Snegurakaya, P Kühnen, D Mustapic, Bo Ahrén, C Laflor, Eva Fisher, A Semplicini, C Pandolfo, Myriam Khaldi, K Mattila, Stella Pelengaris, Olga Kordonouri, M Nagao, P I Mansell, K Rduch, R Fahey, R Filipczak, M Suetsugu, J C Vitoria, J Baumert, J Stewart, R S Bonser, Jean Tichet, Christer Andersson, A Şengül, McCuaig, Zorenc Ahg., Xiuqing Guo, H Jordan, K Bieback, Daniela Dietze-Schroeder, J Shin, S Ohga, J Lademann, K C Turner, I V Shutichina, M. Shamkhalova, K Rowley, Rosario Rizzuto, Saraheimo, G. da Silva Xavier, Doss W. Neal, K Akram, H Virtamo, E Dios, K Begum, A Pfuetzner, Tsvetalina Tankova, S Katayama, Christoph Otto, Philip J. Barter, K Zitouni, R Madonna, S Söderberg, S Diaz-Troya, Leszek Czupryniak, S Dietz, P Luźniak, K S Nair, Mark A. Myers, L L Want, S Shaikh, Wolfgang Rathmann, E Wozniakiewicz, L Jönsson, Pernille Poulsen, D F Orr, A B Hauber, F Kelly, Carlo Maria Rotella, J V Costa, Elaine Vieira, E Grodzinsky, Lilianna Majkowska, E Draeger, S Näf, Philip Clarke, S Akter, A Bagust, A Vassibosis, E Lourida, P Chase, G Mardarowicz, Carlo Ricci, A Ugalde-Canitrot, A Wutte, R Streicher, P Ebeling, Taishan Zheng, Marcus Korn, K Summers, Lennarth Nyström, Y Kaburagi, T Furuta, S Freeman, D Skoutas, A A Serhiyenko, K Tryfinopoulou, I. P. Gray, Peter Bjerregaard, R H Elder, M Hosokawa, Marcela Brissova, Kent D. Taylor, R. Da Ros, Carolyn F. Deacon, Andrew D. Morris, N Aydin, Alicia J. Jenkins, L M Serhiyenko, M Sjöstrand, M A Sayeed, A Ardelean, Rolf Holle, I Broom, Giuseppina Imperatore, Massimo Federici, W Sajid, C Bradley, C V Phenekos, W Leonhardt, L Bahia, Veitenhansl, M, Stegner, K, Hierl, F, Dieterle, C, Feldmeier, H, Gutt, B, Landgraf, R, Garrow, A, Vileikyte, L, Findlow, A, Waterman, C, Boulton, A, Shankhdhar, K, Shankhdhar, L, Shankhdhar, U, Petrova, N, Foster, A, Edmonds, M, Ferraresi, R, Caravaggi, C, De Giglio, R, Cavaiani, P, Pogliaghi, I, Sommariva, E, Katz, I, Harlan, A, Miranda palma, B, Prieto sanchez, L, Armstrong, D, Bowker, J, Mizel, M, Cernea, S, Wohlgelernter, J, Kidron, M, Modi, P, Raz, I, Arbit, E, Nosek, L, Kapitza, C, Beckett, P, Gelfand, R, Goldberg, M, Heise, T, Testa, M, Turner, R, Hayes, J, Scranton, R, Simonson, D, Yang, Y, Hsu, Y, Naujok, O, Francini, F, Jörns, A, Tiedge, M, Lenzen, S, Abdel wahab, Y, Marenah, L, Orr, D, Shaw, C, Flatt, P, Chokkalingam, K, Mansell, P, Clausen, P, Ekbom, P, Damm, P, Feldt rasmussen, U, Nielsen, B, Mathiesen, E, Feldt rasmussen, B, Dewan, S, Da Silva, N, Ternan, P, Leong, K, Wilding, J, Asatiani, N, Kurashvili, R, Dundua, M, Shelestova, E, Pagava, K, Ramazashvili, M, Hod, M, Smirnov, S, Petersen, J, Justesen, T, Ringholm Nielsen, L, Müller, C, Højlund, K, Wensaas, A, Kase, E, Aas, V, Rustan, A, Thoresen, G, Levin, K, Beck nielsen, H, Gaster, M, Im, S, Kang, S, Kim, S, Ahn, Y, Lihn, A, Schmoll, D, Werner, T, Kienitz, A, Meyer, M, Barthel, A, Ailett, F, Sutherland, C, Walther, R, Grempler, R, Sasson, S, Reich, R, Tenenbaum, T, Alpert, E, Anfossi, G, Russo, I, Traversa, M, Massucco, P, Mattiello, L, Doronzo, G, Trovati, M, Lally, S, Tan, C, Owens, D, Tomkin, G, Porchay, I, Péan, F, Bellili, N, Betoulle, D, Balkau, B, Tichet, J, Marre, M, Fumeron, F, Chatellier, G, Alhenc gelas, F, Nichols, G, Brown, J, Hayes, R, Bowman, L, Drexel, H, Saely, C, Marte, T, Benzer, W, Langer, P, Hoefle, G, Moll, W, Aczel, S, Karagiannis, E, Lübben, G, Urquhart, R, Edwards, G, Bruce, S, Howlett, H, Cugnardey, N, Turner, K, Park, J, Fiedorek, F, Avogaro, A, Gallo, A, Pinton, P, Rizzuto, R, Murphy, E, Ceolotto, G, Caterson, I, Guy grand, B, Hill, J, Barone, M, Aiello, A, Allochis, G, Borzì, V, Cannatà, F, Caronna, S, D'Avanzo, A, Elli, R, Formoso, G, Paroli, A, Scardapane, R, Sorichetti, P, Tatti, P, Viviani, G, Santeusanio, F, Manzella, D, Grella, R, Abbatecola, A, Paolisso, G, Søndergaard, L, Monster, T, Johnsen, S, Olsen, M, Mclaughlin, J, Sørensen, H, Lervang, H, Rungby, J, Lyssenko, V, Fredriksson, J, Almgren, P, Anevski, D, Orho melander, M, Sjögren, M, Tuomi, T, Groop, L, Jaziri, R, Aubert, R, Tuomilehto, J, Hu, G, Jousilahti, P, Peltonen, M, Lindstrom, J, Laina, A, Alevizaki, M, Philippou, G, Souvatzoglou, A, Anastasiou, E, Alba, S, Metcalf, B, Voss, L, Jeffery, A, Wilkin, T, Glüimer, C, Colagiuri, S, Vistisen, D, Borch johnsen, K, Haynes, A, Bower, C, Bulsara, M, Jones, T, Davis, E, Mortensen, H, Hougaard, P, Holl, R, Swift, P, Pociot, F, Knip, M, Hansen, L, Szadkowska, A, Pietrzak, I, Zmysłowska, A, Wyka, K, Bodalski, J, Swift, R, Hougaard, R, Gerstl, E, Engelsberger, I, Rabl, W, Rosenbauer, J, Gröbe, H, Hofer, S, Krause, U, Dabelea, D, Morgan, T, Pettitt, D, Dolan, L, Mayer davis, E, Pihoker, C, Hillier, T, Imperatore, G, Ruggiero, A, Hamman, R, Stylianou, A, Tentolouris, N, Perrea, D, Tselepis, A, Lourida, E, Kitsou, E, Katsilambros, N, Vedovato, M, Dodesini, A, Lepore, G, Tiengo, A, Trevisan, R, Penno, G, Miccoli, R, Pucci, L, Lucchesi, D, Bandinelli, S, Fotino, C, Triscornia, S, Baldassari, E, Del Prato, S, Reboldi, P, Santeusanio, E, Fuller, J, Langham, R, Gow, R, Zhang, Y, Kelly, D, Christensen, P, Parving, H, Gilbert, R, Chibalin, A, Zhong, Z, Kotova, O, Davidescu, A, Ehrén, I, Ekberg, K, Wahren, J, Wassef, L, Buckley, A, Rooney, K, Briody, J, Thompson, M, Ozanne, S, Thompson, C, Chamson reig, A, Summers, K, Arany, E, Hill, D, Solerte, S, Gazzaruso, C, Locatelli, E, Precerutti, S, Schifino, N, Ferrari, E, Fioravanti, M, Phenekos, C, Ginis, A, Fragaki, I, Chalkiadaki, M, Tzioras, C, Powell, L, Mcguire, G, Jewhurst, V, Trimble, E, Rasmussen, B, Vessby, B, Uusitupa, M, Berglund, L, Pedersen, E, Riccardi, G, Rivellese, A, Tapsell, L, Hermansen, K, Da Silva Xavier, G, Rutter, J, Rutter, G, Briaud, I, Lingohr, M, Dickson, L, Mccuaig, J, Lawrence, J, Rhodes, C, Wikstrom, J, Katzman, S, Shirihai, O, Yang, J, Deng, S, Wang, X, Hessner, M, Wu, J, Wong, R, Sukumvanich, S, Markman, J, Naji, A, Wolf, B, Gao, Z, Rubi, B, Del Arco, A, Satrústegui, J, Maechler, P, Del Guerra, S, Lupi, R, Bugliani, M, Sbrana, S, Torri, S, Boggi, U, Vistoli, F, Mosca, F, Marchetti, P, Rennings, A, Smits, P, Stewart, M, Tack, C, Li, L, Nyström, T, Gutniak, M, Ahrén, B, Holst, J, Sjöholm, Å, Gomes, M, Cailleaux, S, Tibiriça, E, Albertini, J, Chen, H, Mather, R, Valensi, P, Chisalita, S, Arnqvist, H, Kraenkel, N, Adams, V, Linke, A, Gielen, S, Schuler, G, Humbrecht, R, Cipollone, F, Iezzi, A, Fazia, M, Pini, B, Cucurullo, C, De Cesare, D, Schmidt, A, Mazurek, T, Zang, L, Mannion, J, Diehl, J, Martin, J, Martella, A, Zalewski, A, Shi, Y, Otter, W, Winter, M, Doering, W, Standi, E, Schnell, O, Kragelund, C, Køber, L, Faber, J, Hildebrandt, P, Steffensen, R, Pankowska, E, Szypowska, A, Lipka, M, Herwig, J, Scholl schilling, G, Böhles, H, Robertson, K, Schönle, E, Gucev, Z, Mordhorst, L, Tamer, S, Gall, M, Ludvigsson, J, Hoogma, R, Hammond, P, Gomis, R, Kerr, D, Bruttomesso, D, Bouter, P, Wiefels, K, De La Calle, H, Schweitzer, D, Pfohl, M, Torlone, E, Krinelke, L, Conget, I, Storms, F, Rodriguez, J, Leperlier, C, Davies, M, Peter, R, Luzio, S, Dunseath, G, Miles, A, Hare, B, Backx, K, Pauvaday, V, Caselli, A, Marfia, G, Battista, C, Veves, A, Spallone, V, Uccioli, L, Gonzalez, J, Peyrot, M, Rubin, R, Leventhal, H, Scheffler, N, Ulbrecht, J, Cavanagh, P, Perrin, N, Oglesby, A, Bastyr, E, Ziegler, D, Siekierka kleiser, E, Meyer, B, Schweers, M, Selvarajah, D, Wilkinson, I, Emery, C, Shaw, P, Griffiths, P, Tesfaye, S, Obrosova, I, Arezzo, J, Phillips, K, Gribble, F, Williams, L, Reimann, F, Iakoubov, R, Whiteside, C, Brubaker, P, Acitores, A, González, N, Sancho, V, Valverde, I, Villanueva peñacarrillo, M, Martín duce, A, Trigo, M, Arnés, L, Burkart, V, Ichino, N, Ohashi, A, Klein, B, Paxian, S, Schmid, R, Karlsen, A, Heding, P, Frobøse, H, Rønn, S, Kruhøffer, M, Ørntoft, T, Nerup, J, Mandrup poulsen, T, Billestrup, N, Cardozo, A, Ortis, F, Feng, Y, Rasschaert, J, Van Eylen, F, Storling, J, Herchuelz, A, Eizirik, D, Wang, H, Kouri, G, Wollheim, C, Ribaux, P, Hammar, E, Parnaud, G, Rouiller, D, Bosco, D, Halban, P, Midthjell, K, Carlsson, S, Grill, V, Lau, C, Færch, K, Glümer, C, Tetens, I, Jørgensen, T, Tillin, T, Forouhi, N, Mckeigue, P, Chaturvedi, N, Zethelius, B, Hales, C, Berne, C, Coleman, R, Stevens, R, Holman, R, Christensen, J, Sandbæk, A, Lauritzen, T, Irwin, N, Gault, V, Green, B, Harriott, P, O'Harte, F, Bouman, S, Ursø, B, Brand, C, Rolin, B, Ribel, U, Schäffer, L, Maggs, D, Ceriello, A, Frias, J, Wang, Y, Ruggles, J, Kolterman, O, Piconi, L, Weyer, C, Want, L, Ratner, R, Uwaifo, G, Thornberry, N, Eiermann, G, Kim, D, Lankas, G, Leiting, B, Li, Z, Lyons, K, Petrov, A, Sinha Roy, R, Woods, A, Woods, J, Zhang, B, Fisher, M, Moller, D, Weber, A, Dreyer, M, Bellin, C, Schmitz, V, Roesen, R, Nescheret, A, Bose, A, Mocanu, M, Carr, R, Yellon, D, Manolopoulos, K, Born, S, Wagner, A, Jeziorska, M, Ben Drief, A, Bashir, M, Tomlinson, D, Malik, R, Zeymer, U, Schwarzmaier d'assie, A, Petzinna, D, Chiasson, J, Stratton, I, Af Björkesten, C, Fagerudd, J, Rosengård bärlund, M, Forsblom, C, Pettersson fernholm, K, Waden, J, Saraheimo, M, Rönnback, M, Thorn, L, Groop, P, Mollsten, A, Svensson, M, Kockum, I, Rudberg, S, Brismar, K, Dahlquist, G, Hovind, P, Hansen, T, Tarnow, L, Thiel, S, Jensen, B, Flyvbjerg, A, Kankova, K, Hertlova, M, Krusova, D, Schwenke, S, Ott, J, Thom, S, Mistry, P, Sjolie, A, Larsen, B, Witt, N, Hughes, A, Samira, H, Lahiry, S, Howlader, S, Parveen, S, Azad Khan, A, Clarke, P, Gray, A, Phillips, L, Phillips, P, Chittleborough, C, Baldock, K, Taylor, A, Davis, W, Davis, T, Knuiman, M, Hendrie, D, Worthley, D, Nicolucci, A, Pellegrini, F, De Berardis, G, Franciosi, M, Belfiglio, M, Rossi, M, Sacco, M, Valentini, M, Richardson, C, Jones, P, Persaud, S, Hussain, K, Clark, A, Christie, M, Gniuli, D, Hribal, M, Accili, D, Khan, M, Zervou, S, Cheung, L, Abouna, S, Ifandi, V, Pelengaris, S, Luco, R, Ferrer, J, Ma, D, Shield, J, Dean, W, Leclerc, I, Knauf, C, Burcelin, R, Kelsey, G, Powers, A, Shostak, A, Ferrara, N, Poffenberger, G, Jerome, W, Brissova, M, Geloneze, S, Tambascia, M, Pareja, J, Chaim, E, Silveira, H, Geloneze, B, Ravikumar, B, Carey, P, Snaar, J, Dheelchand, D, Cook, D, Neely, D, Taylor, G, Morris, P, Taylor, R, Stears, A, Masding, M, Wootton, S, Sandeman, D, Klimes, I, Wein, S, Gasperikova, D, Ukropec, J, Wiernsperger, N, Sebokova, E, Manco, M, Mingrone, G, Granato, L, Greco, A, Nanni, G, Castagneto, M, Vidal, H, Calvani, M, Ferrannini, E, Alvarsson, M, Sundkvist, G, Lager, I, Henricsson, M, Berntorp, K, Fernqvist forbes, E, Steen, L, Örn, T, Shutler, S, Bianchi biscay, M, Rosenstock, J, Sugimoto, D, Strange, P, Stewart, J, Soltes Rak, E, Dailey, G, Kloos, C, Müller, U, Sämann, A, Femerling, M, Risse, A, Jecht, M, Haak, T, Garg, R, Lawrence, I, Akinsola, M, Mcnally, P, Garber, A, Kim, H, Draeger, E, Aydın, L, Şengül, A, Kürklü, A, Uçak, S, Basat, O, Seber, S, Altuntaş, Y, Jin, J, Yu, Y, Yu, H, Zhang, X, Mattoo, V, Eckland, D, Widel, M, Duran, S, Fajardo, C, Strand, J, Knight, D, Oakley, D, Tan, M, Sato, A, Nagao, M, Aki, N, Nakagami, T, Iwamoto, Y, Zhou, Z, Li, X, Huang, G, Yan, X, Yang, L, Peng, J, Wang, J, Tan, S, Tang, W, Fürnsinn, C, Brunmair, B, Wagner, L, Gras, F, Artwohl, M, Zierhut, B, Waldhäusl, W, Shine, B, Hopkins, D, Anand, V, Lim, E, Raval, U, Sharp, P, Corder, R, Lipkin, D, Lahiri, A, Bartnik, M, Rydén, L, Ferrari, R, Malmberg, K, Pyörälä, K, Simoons, M, Standl, E, Soler soler, J, Öhrvik, J, Bruce, D, Starkstein, S, Schauer, U, Astrup, A, Pietraszek, L, Nielsen, F, Rossing, P, Ali, S, Smidt, U, Yokoyama, H, Pavkov, M, Knowler, W, Bennett, P, Nelson, R, López alba, A, Morcillo, L, Caballero, A, Montoya, L, Jiménez, A, Maceira, B, Lewis, J, Ravid, M, Wajman, A, Tadgell, C, Remuzzi, G, Hunsicker, L, Wadén, J, Wessman, M, Taskinen, M, Pugliese, G, Amadio, L, Menini, S, Oddi, G, Ricci, C, Iacobini, C, Pricci, F, Sorcini, M, Pesce, C, Migliaccio, E, Giorgio, M, Pelicci, P, Di Mario, U, Lassila, M, Jandeleit dahm, K, Seah, K, Calkin, A, Allen, T, Cooper, M, Lopes De Faria, J, Cavakcanti, T, Silva, K, Ferrari, A, Cellek, S, Foxwell, N, Cotter, M, Cameron, N, Tennagels, N, Jordan, H, Stahl, P, Voss, M, Welte, S, Werner, U, Lehmann, R, Moeschel, K, Baumgartner, F, Oeckinghaus, A, Beck, A, Weigert, C, Hennige, A, Schleicher, E, Häring, H, Müssig, K, Staiger, H, Natalicchio, A, Laviola, L, De Tullio, C, Renna, L, Giorgino, R, Giorgino, F, Falasca, M, Maffucci, T, Park, D, Song, J, Lee, D, Lee, Y, Hariharan, N, Kunselman, L, Gu, L, Sasseville, V, Harrity, T, Cheng, P, Pratley, R, Schweizer, A, Mills, D, Ahren, B, Kim, T, Song, X, Van Poelje, P, Potter, S, Dang, Q, Fujitaki, J, Linemeyer, D, Landau, B, Erion, M, Pankop, M, Golay, A, Després, J, Sjöström, L, Lawlor, D, Legg, K, Ur, E, Houweling, S, Kleefstra, N, Meyboom de Jong, B, Bilo, H, Schlömer, G, Meyer, G, Kasper, J, Mühlhauser, I, Young, B, Taylor, J, Friede, T, Hollis, S, Mason, J, Long, A, Gambling, T, Pauline, L, Burns, E, New, J, Gibson, M, Betteridge, D, Leiter, L, Whitty, P, Eccles, M, Hawthorne, G, Grimshaw, J, Steen, I, Vanoli, A, Wood, L, Speed, C, Mcdowell, D, Rewers, M, Maahs, D, Wadwa, R, Eckel, R, Tracy, R, Pfützner, A, Strotmann, H, Schulze, J, Hohberg, C, Pahler, S, Forst, T, Ambery, P, Sydall, H, Cooper, C, Dennison, E, Sayer, A, Barker, D, Phillips, D, Lalic, N, Ostojic, M, Lalic, K, Zamaklar, M, Jotic, A, Ilic, M, Rajkovic, N, Lukic, L, Milicic, T, Vergès, B, Zeller, M, Steg, P, Beer, J, Brisard, C, Brindisi, M, Dentan, G, Laurent, Y, Janin manificat, L, Makki, H, Ravisy, J, Cottin, Y, Ajjan, R, Grant, P, Futers, T, Carter, A, Rasmussen, M, Bruun, J, Pedersen, S, Richelsen, B, Dietze schroeder, D, Sell, H, Koenen, M, Eckel, J, Delporte, M, Bauche, I, Brichard, S, Ait El Mkadem, S, Rezsohazy, R, Tsiotra, P, Tsigos, C, Gatsiou, C, Raptis, S, Walker, C, Bryson, J, Hancock, D, Takahashi, N, Hatakeyama, H, Kasai, H, Gauthier, B, Iezzi, M, Fukuda, M, Duhamel, D, Ravier, M, Düfer, M, Neye, Y, Krippeit drews, P, Sausbier, U, Arntz, C, Sausbier, M, Neuhuber, W, Ruth, P, Drews, G, Beauvois, M, Rolland, J, Jonas, J, Merezak, C, Henquin, J, Gilon, P, Jabin Gustafsson, A, Dzabic, M, Islam, M, Vaxillaire, M, Cheyssac, C, Dina, C, Vasseur delannoy, V, Leprêtre, F, Siddiq, A, Froguel, P, Neve, B, Fernandez zapico, M, Ashkenazi katalan, V, Urrutia, R, Melloul, D, Froguel, R, Poulsen, P, Wojtaszewski, J, Richter, E, Vaag, A, Granhall, C, Renström, E, Luthman, H, Isomaa, B, Gloyn, A, Edghill, E, Pearson, E, Mackay, D, Temple, I, Noyes, K, Freedenberg, D, Gillespie, K, Lambert, A, Gale, E, Ellard, S, Hattersley, A, Fanelli, C, Porcellati, F, Rossetti, P, Busciantella, N, Billi, C, Burrin, D, Bolli, G, Bingham, E, Dunn, J, Sutcliffe goulden, J, Marsden, P, Amiel, S, Davis, R, Kennedy martin, T, Peters, J, Wittrup jensen, K, Mcewan, P, Morrissey, M, Currie, C, Akram, K, Pedersen bjergaard, U, Thorsteinsson, B, Pibernik okanovic, M, Peros, K, Begic, D, Szabo, S, Metelko, Z, Vlaiculescu, M, Calota, I, Busila, T, Bruckner, I, Giannakopoulou, D, Lindner, H, Hrachovinova, T, Fejfarova, V, Csémy, L, Malcomson, J, Campbell, M, Pandolfi, A, Giardinelli, A, Di Tomo, P, Di Silvestre, S, Di Fulvio, P, Capani, F, Consoli, A, Roesen, P, Patruno, A, Grilli, A, Capani, R, Felaco, M, Boner, G, Mccarroll, K, Brenner, B, De Zeeuw, D, Kowey, P, Shahinfar, S, Crow, R, Iso, K, Kuboki, K, Tada, H, Yoshino, G, Schjoedt, K, Andersen, S, Distiller, L, Degenhardt, T, Szabo, J, Khalifah, R, Schotzinger, R, Achenbach, P, Knopff, A, Naserke, H, Ziegler, A, Bonifacio, E, Valera, L, Jardin, B, Roche, S, Lampasona, V, Pugniere, M, Roquet, F, Granier, C, Laune, D, Afifiyan, F, Cheung, R, Yantha, J, Jackowski, G, Dosch, H, Nakanishi, K, Kogawa, N, Komatsu, Y, Fontés, G, Imamura, T, Ilic, C, Puech, C, Ktorza, A, Bataille, D, Dalle, S, Fosgerau, K, Gelling, R, Nishimura, E, Andersen, B, Madsen, P, Lau, J, Streicher, R, Wagner, K, Vettermann, R, Potterat, O, Renard, E, Panteleon, A, Kolopp, M, Rebrin, K, Steil, G, Hariri, F, Darwin, C, Saad, M, Buckingham, B, Kunselman, B, Wong, L, Istoc, E, Leach, J, Purvis, R, Monfre, S, Fischer, J, Garg, S, Ahmann, A, Ruchti, T, Gandhi, G, Nuttall, G, Mullany, C, Schaff, H, Williams, B, Rizza, R, Mcmahon, M, Gates, G, Mentel, J, Smith, R, Crook, J, Hosszúfalusi, N, Vatay, Á, Palik, È, Füst, G, Karádi, I, Romics, L, Pánczél, P, Aurich, K, Voelker, U, Braun, A, Nguyen, L, Kriketos, A, Denver, G, Üceyler, N, Schütt, M, Lesch, K, Mössner, R, Sommer, C, Seda, O, Liska, F, Kazdova, L, Sedova, L, Krenova, D, Zima, T, Tremblay, J, Kren, V, Hamet, P, Klöting, N, Follak, N, Klöting, I, Dessapt, C, Dei Cas, A, Baradez, M, Hayward, A, Thomas, S, Viberti, G, Gnudi, L, Gale, C, Thallas, V, Thomas, M, Candido, R, Burns, W, Forbes, J, Shymanskyy, I, Kuchmerovska, T, Klimenko, A, Jaeckel, E, Manns, M, Von Boehmer, H, Hedrich, H, Téllez, N, Montolio, M, Estimes, E, Rodríguez mulero, S, Soler, J, Montanya, E, Liu, Y, Chen, J, Rowlands, D, Chan, H, Simeonov, I, Anthony, K, Zelaya, F, Williams, S, Brammer, M, Mountjoy, P, Bailey, S, Shaw, J, Sicree, R, Dunstan, D, Cameron, A, Zimmet, P, Hewitt, S, Graff iversen, S, Assah, F, Fezeu, L, Kengne, A, Awah, P, Mbanya, J, Shu, J, Kamadjeu, R, Kiawi, E, Kerényi, Z, Péterfalvi, A, Bosnyák, Z, Madarász, E, Tabák, Á, Szánthó, J, Rákóczi, I, Tamás, G, Di Bartolo, P, Valpiani, G, Di Martino, M, Scaramuzza, A, Saragoni, S, Degli Esposti, E, Cannatá, F, Gudbjornsdottir, S, Cederholm, J, Nilsson, P, Eliasson, B, Miettinen, M, Miettinen, J, Nan, H, Dong, Y, Gao, W, Sun, B, Wang, N, Fu, F, Shi, H, Ding, M, Lorenzo, C, Serrano ríos, M, Martínez larrad, M, González sánchez, J, Seclén, S, Villena, A, Gonzalez villalpando, C, Williams, K, Stern, M, Haffner, S, Sakurai, M, Miura, K, Kita, Y, Takamura, T, Ota, T, Ishizaki, M, Morikawa, Y, Nakagawa, H, Szybiński, Z, Szurkowska, M, Mardarowicz, G, Łopatyński, J, Gilis januszewska, A, Szafraniec, K, Nicer, T, Kwon, H, Lee, J, Lee, H, Park, Y, Choi, Y, Jang, S, Song, B, Yoon, K, Lee, W, Cha, B, Lee, K, Son, H, Jørgensen, M, Moustgaard, H, Bjerregaard, P, Ebara, F, Salmon, J, Owen, N, Welborn, T, Armstrong, T, Jolley, D, Galtier, F, Deschamps, V, Borys, J, Lasfargues, G, Andre, P, Born, C, Royer, B, Wilpart, E, Cailleau, M, Eschwege, E, Timar, R, Serban, V, Vlad, A, Diaconu, L, Rosu, M, Olari, O, Sima, A, Qiao, Q, Chappuis, B, Diem, P, Christ, E, Iafusco, D, Prisco, F, Gemma, C, Mattera, S, Sanges, M, Menneila, C, Sommese, L, Jarosz chobot, P, Polanska, J, Feltbower, R, Mckinney, P, Stephenson, C, Bodansky, H, Icks, A, Du Prel, J, Grabert, M, Giani, G, Kyvik, K, Skytthe, A, Ioacara, S, Farcasiu, E, Bradescu, O, Guja, C, Scutaru, G, Savu, O, Ionescu tirgoviste, C, Ola, T, Hawa, M, Buzzetti, R, Scherbaum, W, Kolb, H, Thivolet, C, Hunter, S, Hadden, D, Guntram, S, De Leiva, A, Mauricio, D, Pozzilli, P, Leslie, R, Benediktsson, R, Jonsdottir, A, Einarsdottir, A, Reynisdottir, I, Aspelund, T, Grant, S, Thorleifsson, G, Sigurdsson, G, Stefansson, K, Gudnason, V, Wollitzer, A, Jovanovic, L, Lobo, P, Martí, M, Preiti, M, Urdaneta, R, Juarez, S, Schober, E, Thon, A, Rami, B, Tringham, J, Buyukbese, M, Sakamoto, Y, Inoue, Y, Matsumoto, H, Oono, K, Tokumasa, Y, Gorter, K, Janssen, P, Stolk, R, Van Hessen, P, Rutten, G, Palik, É, Niedermayer, D, Murro, A, Coghi, C, Federici, M, Benedetti, M, Koehler, C, Henkel, E, Temelkova kurktschiev, T, Stier, U, Ott, P, Siegert, G, Bergmann, S, Hanefeld, M, Leonhardt, W, Sayeed, M, Mahtab, H, Khanam, P, Banu, A, Rashid, M, Mulnier, H, Seaman, H, Lovell, D, Soedamah mathu, S, Colhoun, H, Lawrenson, R, Diehm, C, Lange, S, Darius, H, Pittrow, D, Haberl, R, Von Stritzky, B, Tepohl, G, Allenberg, J, Trampisch, H, Soinio, M, Marniemi, J, Laakso, M, Lehto, S, Rönnemaa, T, Ito, C, Sasaki, H, Ishida, S, Maeda, R, Barengo, N, Lakka, T, Köhler, C, Benke, I, Raccah, D, Bailleau, C, Vexiau, P, Vaur, L, Aydin, N, Topsever, P, Filiz, T, Dayan, A, Bulgurlu, S, Gebeloglu, N, Demirtunc, R, Dagar, A, Skliros, E, Sotiropoulos, A, Vassibosis, A, Xipnitos, C, Liva, E, Chronopoulos, I, Merkouris, P, Skourtis, S, Pappas, S, Charbonnel, B, Baigts, F, Dumenil, V, Paillasson, S, Baleydier, A, Hanaire, H, Sert, C, Chabrier, G, Rodier, M, Fontaine, P, Kim, J, Miyake, Y, Sakai, T, Takamatsu, K, Tomioka, Y, Sugano, H, Murao, S, Shimizu, I, Unwin, N, Nag, S, Roglic, G, Connolly, V, Roper, N, Goodwin, J, Kelly, W, Thomsen, R, Hundborg, H, Schønheyder, H, Khalangot, M, Gang, H, Tajima, N, Bianchi, C, Giovannitti, M, Pellegrini, G, Caricato, F, Bertolotto, A, Corfini, M, Guzder, R, Gatling, W, Byrne, C, Varillas, V, Boronat, M, Carrillo, A, La Roche, F, Ojeda, A, López, Y, Marrero, D, Nóvoa, J, Shahidul Alam Khan, A, Thaware, P, Gangat, I, Howlett, T, Jenum, A, Holme, I, Birkeland, K, Sourij, H, Stoschitzky, K, Klein, W, Roth, M, Dittrich, P, Wascher, T, Hilding, A, Eriksson, A, Agardh, E, Efendic, S, Östenson, C, Levitt, N, Bradshaw, D, Salzsieder, E, Freyse, E, Rutscher, A, Heinke, P, Augstein, P, Makino, H, Kainou, Y, Konoue, E, Ohno, K, Ebisui, O, Fujii, Y, Kondo, S, Fujiyama, M, Tanaka, K, Takemoto, K, Kida, K, Onuma, Y, Osawa, H, Tuomilehto wolf, E, Kinnunen, L, Laine, A, Kokko, T, Kakko, T, Hermann, R, Veijola, R, Simell, O, Ilonen, J, Guglielmi, C, Galgani, A, Beretta Anguissola, G, D'Avola, D, Bakhtadze, E, Weiss, H, Wedekind, D, Bilbao, J, San Pedro, J, Vitoria, J, Martul, P, Castaño, L, Badenhoop, K, Ramos Lopez, E, Usadel, K, Wägner, A, Cloos, P, Stahlhut, M, Bergholdt, R, Ramos, E, Taxvig, C, Vella, A, Smyth, D, Cooper, J, Undlien, D, Rønningen, K, Ionescu tîrgovişte, C, Savage, D, Dunger, D, Strachan, D, Ring, S, Todd, J, Mironczuk, K, Kretowski, A, Kinalska, I, Nutland, S, Guja, L, Nielsen, L, Gammeltoft, S, Schwarz, P, Towers, W, Fischer, S, Mcrae, J, Willis, J, Scott, R, Potter, H, Merriman, T, Frampton, C, George, P, Spranger, J, Möhlig, M, Hoffmann, K, Müller, S, Osterhoff, M, Ristow, M, Boeing, H, Pfeiffer, A, Li, Y, Fisher, E, Burwinkel, B, Schrezenmeir, J, Mager, U, Pulkkinen, L, Lindi, V, Lindström, J, Xiu, L, Sui, Y, Weng, J, Kalis, M, Cilio, C, Olde, B, Owman, C, Levéen, P, Da Ros, R, Assaloni, R, Maier, A, Quagliaro, L, Zuodar, G, Zakja, E, Gu, H, Nordman, S, Brookes, A, Prince, J, Helwig, U, Rubin, D, Hampe, J, Schreiber, S, Fölsch, U, Döring, F, Porzio, O, Massa, O, Cunsolo, V, Njolstad, P, Terrinoni, A, Melino, G, Colombo, C, Federici, G, Barbetti, F, Herder, C, Bongardt, F, Schöpfer, A, Rathmann, W, Martin, S, Holle, R, Thorand, B, Wichmann, H, Koenig, W, Illig, T, Blasiak, J, Arabski, M, Krupa, R, Wozniak, K, Dabrowski, J, Kasznicki, J, Zurawska, M, Drzewoski, J, Kose, H, Matsumoto, K, Wilke, B, Kerr bayles, L, Walder, K, Civitarese, A, Jowett, J, Curran, J, Elliott, K, Trevaskis, J, Bishara, N, Wanyonyi, S, Sanigorski, A, Blangero, J, Kissebah, A, Collier, G, Carlsson, E, Arner, P, Ridderstråle, M, Nitz, I, Lindner, I, Suzuki, S, Hinokio, Y, Hirai, M, Yamada, T, Yoshizumi, S, Tanizawa, Y, Matsutani, A, Ishihara, H, Takahashi, K, Katagiri, H, Oka, Y, Nam, M, Hong, S, Ahn, C, Kim, Y, Zeggini, E, Parkinson, J, Groves, C, Frayling, T, Hitman, G, Walker, M, Sampson, M, Levy, J, Weedon, M, Wiltshire, S, Owen, K, Halford, S, Mccarthy, M, Shehadeh, N, Bakri, D, Gershoni baruch, R, Yasuda, K, Okada, T, Sunaga, Y, Kajimoto, Y, Shibasaki, T, Kaburagi, Y, Kadowaki, T, Estalella, I, Rica, I, Vazquez, J, De Andrade, P, Van Den Ouweland, J, Maassen, J, Huoponen, K, Savontaus, M, Dimitrijevic Sreckovic, V, Djordjevic, P, Popovic, S, Gostiljac, D, Canovic, F, Sreckovic, B, Colak, E, Obrenovic, R, Milic, G, Glisic, B, Etemadi, A, Saadat, N, Azizi, F, Tsur, A, Cohen, Y, Yerushalmi, Y, Wainstein, J, Norberg, M, Eriksson, J, Lindahl, B, Andersson, C, Rolandsson, O, Stenlund, H, Weinehall, L, Lecomte, P, Vol, S, Cacès, E, Chabrolle, C, Halimi, J, Nijpels, G, Dekker, J, Bouter, L, Heine, R, Löbner, K, Mollenhauer, U, Baumgarten, A, Com, E, Sargin, M, Karadeniz, S, Sengul, A, Suleymanoglu, Y, Pekcanli, N, Yilmaz, T, Cicero, A, Dormi, A, Miconi, A, D'Addato, S, Laghi, L, Brillante, R, Bernardi, R, Grandi, E, Gaddi, A, Jones, M, Lacey, L, Bergenheim, K, Yamagata, F, Yamakoshi, M, Takahashi, M, Kawazu, S, Festa, A, Hanley, A, Otvos, J, Goff, D, Wajngot, A, Cerasi, E, Baumert, J, Schneider, A, Löwel, H, Roussel, R, Müller brandes, C, Ballmann, M, Nährlich, L, Thalhammer, G, Nastoll, M, Schwarz, J, Johne, U, Erfurth, M, Lüddeke, H, Liebl, A, Kotowa, W, Maclaine, G, Evers, T, Pontiroli, A, Pizzocri, P, Paganelli, M, Folli, F, Jung, D, Park, M, Henriksen, J, Durck, T, Weghuber, D, Roden, M, Tura, A, Pacini, G, Bischof, M, Widhalm, K, Sharp, G, Shanmugam, G, Straub, S, Michael, D, Chow, R, Regazzi, R, Gerona, R, Martin, T, Waselle, L, Tomas, A, Min, L, Pessin, J, Björklund, A, Ma, Z, Portwood, N, Parton, L, Smith, E, Diraison, F, Tsuboi, T, Lehtihet, M, Webb, D, Honkanen, R, Knoch, K, Meisterfeld, R, Bergert, H, Kolpe, M, Altkrüger, A, Saeger, H, Solimena, M, Haspel, D, Aguilar bryan, L, Bryan, J, Ullrich, S, Berchtold, S, Ranta, F, Seebohm, G, Alexander, D, Wulff, P, Kuhl, D, Lang, F, Speier, S, Yang, S, Rose, T, Rupnik, M, Varadi, A, Mitchell, K, Schwappach, B, Bleck, C, Wienbergen, A, Rustenbeck, I, Vieira, E, Gylfe, E, Seissler, J, Wohlrab, U, Schmiegelt, D, Ruetter, R, Herten, M, Lechner, A, Nolan, A, Blacken, R, Habener, J, Gao, R, Ustinov, J, Korsgren, O, Mikkola, M, Lundin, K, Otonkoski, T, Jahr, H, Bieback, K, Kern, S, Brendel, C, Brendel, M, Bretzel, R, Taniguchi, S, Ohgawara, H, Tsuchiya, K, Tsuchiya, M, Okochi, H, Kelter, A, Dohrmann, C, Austen, M, Aicher, B, Maedler, K, Schumann, D, Iwakura, Y, Donath, M, Peter, A, Opel, A, Seufert, J, Fernández, E, Serradas, P, Martín, M, Plachot, C, Bailbé, D, Gangnerau, M, Gavete, M, Fajardo, S, Escrivá, F, Portha, B, Álvarez, C, Lipsett, M, Jamal, A, Hanley, S, Castellarin, M, Rosenberg, L, Bhushan, A, Georgia, S, Calderari, S, Meile, M, Miettinen, P, Palgi, J, Virkamäki, A, Ferris, W, Campbell, S, Armstrong, L, Hole, N, Lako, M, Macfarlane, W, Barbera, A, Altirriba, J, Nadal, B, Larsen, M, Gotfredsen, C, Reusens, B, Sparre, T, Kalbe, L, Leunda, A, Kruhoffer, M, Orntoft, T, Remade, C, Dasilva Xavier, G, Motakis, E, Nason, G, Leibiger, B, Berggren, P, Leibiger, I, Uhles, S, Moede, T, Welters, H, Senkel, S, Erdmann, S, Thomas, H, Morgan, N, Irminger, J, Rickenbach, K, Jackson, D, Chan, S, Dezaki, K, Watanabe, M, Hosoda, H, Kangawa, K, Yada, T, Kühnen, P, Laubner, K, Hernández, R, Silvestre, R, Egido, E, Châtenet, D, Leprince, J, Chartrel, N, Vaudry, H, Marco, J, Zhang, F, Zhang, Q, Tengholm, A, Thore, S, Costes, S, Longuet, C, Broca, C, Baltrusch, S, Dyachok, O, Thams, P, Anwar, M, Capito, K, Radu, R, Fujimoto, S, Mukai, E, Shimono, D, Nabe, K, Shimodahira, M, Kominato, R, Aramaki, Y, Yamada, Y, Seino, Y, Giroix, M, Agascioglu, E, Courtois, P, Malaisse, W, Sener, A, Piquer, S, Barcelo batllori, S, Julia, M, Li, J, Lou, M, Zhang, J, Zhou, Q, Zhao, G, Webb, G, Dalal, S, Garcia, C, Saxena, P, Houk, M, Nenquin, M, Abdel ghany, M, Miele, C, Romano, C, Corbo, V, Maitan, M, Andreozzi, F, Ungaro, P, Oriente, F, Raciti, G, Formisano, P, Beguinot, F, Mcclenaghan, N, Mccluskey, J, Patterson, S, Efanov, A, Sewing, S, Bokvist, K, Gromada, J, Frederiksen, A, Juhl, C, Schwarts, M, Schmitz, O, Andersen, P, Valeri, C, Castelli, M, Bonfante, R, Beyan, H, Elouil, H, Khaldi, M, Evangelista, S, Zeender, E, Berney, T, Franklin, I, Sergeev, P, Chervonsky, A, Nyblom, H, Ahmed, M, Bergsten, P, Sol, E, Kharroubi, I, Ladriere, L, Cnop, M, Moffitt, J, Fielding, B, Currie, J, Staiger, K, Brandhorst, D, Winter, D, Kellerer, M, Oprescu, A, Naassan, A, Klimentova, T, Constantin, S, Tang, C, Uchino, H, Lam, L, Wheeler, M, Fantus, G, Giacca, A, Ortsäter, H, Sundsten, T, Youshikawa, H, Winzell, M, Montrone, C, Martemucci, S, Perrini, S, Caccioppoli, C, Størling, J, Grassetti, D, Scipioni, A, Dotta, F, Yamamoto, N, Tsunekawa, S, Ito, Y, Oiso, Y, Miura, Y, Niki, I, Scrocchi, L, Ha, K, Wang, F, Chen, Y, Wu, L, Fraser, P, Yermen, B, Lilla, V, Kaminski, A, Mathe, Z, Dupraz, P, Zbinden, M, Filo, A, Bucher, P, Rinsch, C, Thorens, B, Pepper, M, Estilles, E, Sigrist, S, Rieger, L, Mandes, K, Bohbot, A, Pinget, M, Kessler, L, Parab, P, Katdare, M, Galande, S, Saha, B, Yoshida, A, Satoh, J, Homo dekarche, F, Coulaud, J, Durant, S, Drexhage, H, Mabley, J, Deb, A, Wallace, R, Pacher, P, Elder, R, Szabo, C, Schlosser, M, Mentel, R, Moya suri, V, Wassmuth, R, Gürtler, L, Ankelo, M, Westerlund, A, Blomberg, K, Hinkkanen, A, Popova, V, Gruzov, M, Afanasyeva, V, Kulikovskaya, A, Melnichenko, S, Mankovsky, B, Zak, K, Koczwara, K, Warncke, K, Kawasaki, E, Imagawa, A, Uchigata, Y, Kobayashi, M, Abiru, N, Yamasaki, H, Eguchi, K, Chrul, S, Polakowska, E, Heinrich, A, Walter, M, Pitocco, D, Visalli, N, Crinò, A, Costantino, F, Manfrini, S, Spera, S, Suraci, C, Patera, P, Matteoli, M, Schiaffini, R, Ghirlanda, G, Leotta, S, Hatziagelaki, E, Tsiavou, A, Degiannis, D, Chaidaroglou, A, Manginas, A, Koniavitou, K, Desai, M, Williams, A, Horton, V, Bingley, P, Cull, C, Citarrella, R, Richiusa, P, Mattina, A, Criscimanna, A, Mantione, L, Bronte, V, Pizzolanti, G, Galluzzo, A, Giordano, C, Giulietti, A, Stoffels, K, Overbergh, L, Mathieu, C, Bilgic, S, Aktas, E, Salman, F, Yillar, G, Yilmaz, M, Deniz, G, Valorani, G, Pozzilli, R, Weets, I, Truyen, I, Verschraegen, I, Van Der Auwera, B, De Schepper, J, Dorchy, H, Lebrethon, M, Van Gaal, L, Van Rooy, P, Pipeleers, D, Gorus, F, Shtandel, S, Atramentova, L, Karachentsev, Y, Kravchun, N, Koval, S, Poltorak, V, Levchenko, T, Snegurakaya, I, Miloslavskiy, D, Bojko, V, Resnik, L, Chico, A, Rojas, I, Julià, M, Novials, A, Bendlová, B, Včelák, J, Vaňková, M, Šrámková, D, Šamalíková, P, Kvasničková, H, Vondra, K, Petrone, A, Vania, A, Zavarella, S, Alemanno, I, Di Cola, S, Ribaudo, M, Leonetti, F, Angel, B, Carrasco, E, Santos, J, Albala, C, Oyarzún, A, Pérez bravo, F, Petry, C, Ong, K, Michelmore, K, Artigas, S, Wingate, D, De Zegher, F, Ibáñez, L, Prestle, J, Adomeit, A, Hammer, E, Zieher, T, Missler, B, Appl, T, Schindler, M, Brodbeck, K, Machicao, F, Just, M, Færgeman, N, Knudsen, J, Quint, M, Tschank, G, Korn, M, Henriksen, E, Dokken, B, Sloniger, J, Dörig, J, Quarré, L, Piatkiewicz, P, Taton, J, Czech, A, Gorski, A, Jebens, E, Brennesvik, E, Ktori, C, Ruzzin, J, Shepherd, P, Jensen, J, Lakka, H, Rankinen, T, Leon, A, Skinner, J, Wilmore, J, Rao, D, Bouchard, C, Vendrell, J, Chacon, M, Garcia españa, A, Fernandez real, J, Gutierrez, C, Richart, C, Takeshita, Y, Shimizu, A, Hamaguchi, E, Kaneko, S, Hřebíček, J, Orel, M, Lichnovská, R, Gwozdziewiczová, S, Chlup, R, Faturos, I, Tournis, S, Fotinakis, P, Thomakos, P, Manousaki, M, Leontsini, D, Taxildaris, K, Mitrakou, A, Hur, K, Shim, W, Cho, Y, Lim, S, Kim, K, Beregszaszi, M, Chevenne, D, Sebag, G, De Kerdanet, M, Huet, F, Polak, M, Lacombe, D, De Paoli, A, Levy marchal, C, Mokhort, T, Shishko, E, Shepelkevich, A, Benito, M, Arribas, M, Valverde, A, Menghini, R, Marchetti, V, Cardellini, M, Sbraccia, P, Lauro, D, Lauro, R, Ali, A, Penny, C, Van Der Merwe, M, Paiker, J, Psaras, G, Ekram, F, Crowther, N, Musri, M, Corominola, H, Casamitjana, R, Párrizas, M, Renström, F, Burén, J, Park, C, Lee, G, Kang, E, Sanchez margalet, V, Gonzalez yanes, C, Diaz troya, S, Rodriguez De Fonseca, F, Mcnamara, M, Boschetti, N, Schmid, D, Spinas, G, Trüb, T, Niessen, M, Kuhlmann, J, Neumann haefelin, C, Belz, U, Juretschke, H, Kramer, W, Herling, A, Markova, I, Oliyarnyk, O, Cahova, M, Manders, R, Koopman, R, Zorenc, A, Keizer, H, Van Loon, L, Straczkowski, M, Kowalska, I, Dzienis straczkowska, S, Nikolajuk, A, Gorska, M, Zabielski, P, Baranowski, M, Gorski, J, De Haan, J, Klomp, D, Heerschap, A, Corpeleijn, E, Budzinski, R, Stengele, I, Schuler, M, Selzle, N, Lehmann lintz, T, Heckel, A, Vavrinkova, H, Meskhishvili, E, Furier, S, Parkes, H, Cooney, G, Alemzadeh, R, Tushaus, K, Nencioni, S, Giovannitti, G, Longo, V, De Vries, R, Kerstens, M, Van Tol, A, Dullaart, R, Mcbride, R, Denke, M, Pearson, T, Battisti, W, Brady, W, Palmisano, J, Tuzova, O, Wahl, H, Hong, Q, Luz, K, Xu, G, Schmülling, R, Liebich, H, Oomen, P, Hattori, H, Smit, A, Scheek, L, Thomaseth, K, Lajoix, A, Gauthey, A, Dietz, S, Jahannault, C, Manteghetti, M, Petit, P, Gross, R, Ostenson, C, Quynh, N, Florén, A, Langel, U, Gedulin, B, Smith, P, Prickett, K, Tryon, M, Barnhill, S, Yeoh, T, Young, A, Hiles, R, Carpenter, T, Serota, D, Schafer, K, Ross, P, Nelson, D, Rebelatto, M, Ikeda, H, Nagashima, K, Tsukiyama, K, Todo, T, Trombetta, M, Boselli, L, Calì, A, Cretti, A, Monauni, T, Bifari, F, Bonora, E, Muggeo, M, Bonadonna, R, Gredal, C, Rosenfalck, A, Dejgaard, A, Hilsted, J, Vankova, M, Sramkova, D, Samalikova, P, Vcelak, J, Kvasnickova, H, Bendlova, B, Rudovich, N, Rochlitz, H, Ritzel, R, Butler, A, Butler, P, Murphy, M, Körner, A, Csillag, J, Pintér, Á, Toman, M, Gray, I, Vielwerth, S, Rinnov, A, Jensen, R, Juul, A, Uitterlinden, P, Bruining, G, Lamberts, S, Rasmussen, E, Malis, C, Ekstrom, C, Arne, A, James, J, Thomas, P, Cavan, D, Owona, A, Ozaki, R, So, W, Tong, P, Chan, M, Wong, G, Cockram, C, Chan, J, Redemann, N, Götz, B, Lahm, P, Mader, G, Tadayyon, M, Oh, Y, Schippmann, V, Kluge, R, Bornstein, S, Joost, H, Bae, H, Lee, B, Vertigan, H, Carroll, D, Griffiths, L, Coghlan, M, Freeman, S, Toffolo, G, Dalla Man, C, Basu, R, Cobelli, C, Bertoldo, A, Price, J, Mathis, C, Mason, N, Holt, D, Kelley, C, Mckolanis, T, Kelley, D, Whyte, M, Jackson, N, Beale, R, Treacher, D, Carroll, P, Jones, R, Umpleby, M, Jaquet, D, Boiko, J, Rigal, O, Czernichow, P, Lévy marchal, C, Qvisth, V, Hagström toft, E, Moberg, E, Bolinder, J, Sjöstrand, M, Gudbjörnsdottir, S, Strindberg, L, Lönnroth, P, Mick, D, Sumarac dumanovic, M, Cvijovic, G, Kendereski, A, Pejkovic, D, Zoric, S, Casanueva, F, Dieguez, C, Singh, R, Basu, A, Chittilapilly, E, Johnson, M, Abdallah, B, Shubeska Stratrova, S, Svendsen, O, Dhatariya, K, Bigelow, M, Nair, K, Lundgren, M, Rüge, T, Myrnäs, T, Gimeno, R, Suri, V, Li, D, Huard, C, Martinez, R, Vettore, M, Sironi, A, Gastaldelli, A, Mari, A, Ciociaro, D, Buzzigoli, E, Pettiti, M, Positano, V, Lombardi, M, Radziuk, J, Pye, S, Brehm, A, Krssak, M, Bernroider, E, Anderwald, C, Nowotny, P, Cline, G, Shulman, G, Kotsa, K, Papazisi, A, Spanopoulos, I, Giovos, I, Suzuki, A, Sobajima, H, Naruse, S, Kitagawa, M, Ishiguro, H, Futakuchi, S, Goto, H, Hines, G, Kennedy, I, Matthews, D, Radikova, Z, Koska, J, Ksinantova, L, Imrich, R, Huckova, M, Vigas, M, Wallace, T, Rajala, U, Hiltunen, L, Keinänen kiukaanniemi, S, Noh, J, Choi, N, Chung, J, Min, Y, Lee, M, Holt, H, Wood, P, Darekar, A, Gross, S, Matthies, K, Weck, M, Malinska, H, Beifort, R, Berria, R, Defronzo, R, Cusi, K, Gorshunska, M, Karachenzev, Y, López bermejo, A, Pratt, K, Hwa, V, Recasens, M, Broch, M, Rosenfeld, R, Fernández real, J, Ricart, W, Grunnet, L, Pedersen, B, Franke, B, Fleming, S, Lemke, N, Laue, C, Pfeuffer, M, Lecube, A, Hernández, C, Genescà, J, García, L, Francisco, G, Simó, R, Kraml, P, Syrovatka, P, Brunerova, L, Smejkalova, V, Potockova, J, Andel, M, Leshchenko, Z, Poltorack, V, Krasova, N, Gladkih, A, Yang, K, Chamson, A, Thyssen, S, Rojo Llobet, A, Christoffersen, B, Raun, K, Fledelius, C, Vinterby, A, Golozoubova, V, Afonso, R, Ribeiro, R, Macedo, M, Guarino, M, Yang, G, Kurita, S, Misu, H, Akahori, H, Cerf, M, Nkomo, X, Muller, C, Du Toit, D, Louw, J, Wolfe coote, S, Nikishin, P, Zagayko, A, Taylor, K, Guo, X, Langefeld, C, Cur, J, Jinagouda, S, Bowden, D, Hokanson, J, Rotter, J, Liew, C, Wise, S, Yeo, K, Teng, C, Fisher, F, Trujillo, M, Hanif, W, Mcternan, P, Barnett, A, Scherer, P, Kumar, S, Kaltenbach, S, Stumvoll, M, Mlynarski, W, Zmyslowska, A, Andrzejewski, W, Shojaee moradie, F, Das, S, Stolinski, M, Jefferson, W, Cramb, R, Shahmanesh, M, Lyngsø, D, Simonsen, L, Bülow, J, Meinardi, J, Sluiter, W, Wolffenbuttel, B, Bonnet, F, Guebre egziabher, F, Rabasa, R, Laville, M, Gosby, A, Maloney, C, Haering, H, Patarrao, R, Lautt, W, Correia, N, Santos, A, Leite, V, Boavida, J, Nanwei, T, Bobbioni harsch, E, Lehmann, T, Sztajzel, J, Morel, P, Huber, O, Chassot, G, Assimacopoulos jeannet, F, Gedulin, G, Baron, A, Hendrickx, H, Lane, J, Coverly, J, Simcox, J, Stocks, J, Brown, L, Beha, A, Juretschke, P, Gerl, M, Klebach, M, Biemer daub, G, Pérez del pulgar, S, Zorzano, A, Heinsbroek, A, D'Alessio, D, Van Dijk, G, Tornero, M, Bailey, C, Mack, C, Wilson, J, Parkes, D, Kusunoki, M, Sakakibara, F, Kato, K, Okabayashi, N, Nakamura, T, Miyata, T, Habu, S, Nakamura, R, Nakasone, Y, Yasaka, T, Ishihara, R, Morikawa, R, Otake, K, Nakaya, Y, Ruzickova, J, Rossmeisl, M, Flachs, P, Sponarova, J, Prazak, T, Matejkova, O, Kopecky, J, Gram, D, Liu, W, Bödvarsdóttir, T, Hansen, J, Sturis, J, Kern, W, Hallschmid, M, Benedict, C, Schultes, B, Born, J, Fehm, H, Westerbacka, J, Lammi, K, Häkkinen, A, Rissanen, A, Yki järvinen, H, Mayr, P, Mertl roetzer, M, Lauster, F, Pohl, M, Lerch, M, Haslbeck, M, Eriksen, J, Rahlfs, V, Serhiyenko, V, Serhiyenko, A, Serhiyenko, L, Radulian, G, Vladica, M, Panaite, C, Balas, B, Derosa, G, Dumas, A, Fiorito, A, Prieto, P, Cancelas, J, Loba, J, Czupryniak, L, Bialasiewicz, P, Pawlowski, M, Nowak, D, Dupuy, O, Le Berre, J, Bordier, L, Rousseau, C, Mayaudon, H, Bauduceau, B, Bossi, A, Meregalli, G, Balini, A, Berzi, D, Cremonesi, B, Cerrato, D, Rezzani, C, Tumiati, M, Han, K, Min, K, Kim, E, Ahn, K, Ahn, H, Argüelles, I, Forga, L, Izquierdo, M, Gorostiaga, E, Fuentes, C, Ibáñez, J, Rivero, A, Baynes, K, Pentecost, C, Bell, J, Thomas, E, Umpleby, A, Kuhl, J, Ruderman, N, Musi, N, Goodyear, L, Patti, M, Thorell, A, Nygren, J, Ljungkvist, O, Degerblad, M, Ståhle, A, Brismar, T, Saha, A, Båvenholm, P, Aydemir, D, Kiran, B, Unal, M, Okumus, N, Kayserilioglu, A, Perkins, J, Kıran, B, Ünal, M, Salman, S, Yıllar, G, Özer, E, Kayserilioǧlu, A, Yılmaz, T, Dinççaǧ, N, Tikkanen, H, Macdonald, A, Harrison, M, Dickinson, H, Bone, A, Watt, P, Østergård, T, Short, K, Saltin, B, Di Mauro, M, Papalia, G, Battiato, R, Giuffrida, D, Boemi, G, Castellino, P, Akter, S, Akhter, A, Pervin, T, Ahmed, S, Ahmed, K, Saleh, F, Chaudhury, H, Tankova, T, Dakovska, G, Lazarova, M, Dakovska, L, Kirilov, G, Koev, D, Torgerson, J, Hauptman, J, Boldrin, M, Pan, C, Gao, Y, Lindgärde, F, Broom, I, Takeda, H, Oana, F, Matsuzawa, A, Hashizume, H, Akahane, S, Cornes, M, Lund, S, Poulsen, G, Frandsen, M, Pedersen, O, Pankiv, V, Yngen, M, Hjemdahl, P, Wallén, N, Florow, D, Leyck Dieken, M, Kitahara, Y, Mine, T, Konya, H, Hamaguchi, T, Satani, K, Umehara, A, Ishikawa, T, Kohri, K, Hasegawa, Y, Suehiro, A, Kakishita, E, Namba, M, Liao, Z, Yao, B, Belcher, G, Mariz, S, Moules, I, Butzer, R, Langenfeld, M, Köder, C, Majali, K, Adiseshiah, M, Betteridge, J, Pratipanawatr, T, Chotmongkol, R, Kanhasura, S, Pratipanawatr, W, Miyazaki, Y, Matsuda, M, Nagasawa, T, Kuroda, J, Dey, D, Chovatia, M, Nag, A, Pandey, B, Nag, B, Thomas, L, Krauth, M, Allgauer, S, Besenfelder, U, Dennenmoser, J, Moon, C, Chae, S, Kim, M, Jo, Y, Shin, J, Ahn, S, Lee, S, Panadero Moya, A, Rodriguez, E, Gonzalo, A, Sánchez vilar, O, Lara, J, Rovira, A, Otto, C, Otto, B, Göke, B, Parhofer, K, Juurinen, L, Tiikkainen, M, Graner, M, Bajaj, M, Suraamornkul, S, Ucak, S, Kurklu, A, Argon, D, Canbek, E, Altuntas, Y, Schöfl, C, Franzen, C, Gregg, R, Swaminathan, A, Frost, C, Nepal, S, Raymond, R, Mosqueda garcia, R, Johns, D, Gilmore, K, Perriello, G, Pampanelli, S, Di Pietro, C, Rinaldi, T, Brunetti, P, Oshinyemi, K, Garcia, S, Curtis, P, Zambanini, A, Home, P, Pocock, S, Dargie, H, Komajda, M, Jones, N, Münscher, C, Potthoff, F, Golbach, U, Weidenhammer, J, Kusterer, K, Lundershausen, R, O'Neill, M, Goldstein, B, Wooddell, M, Strow, L, Waterhouse, B, Cobitz, A, Wyne, K, Porter, L, Weston, W, Chen, T, James, R, Kravitz, B, Pinkowski, D, Ruxer, J, Mozdzan, M, Siejka, A, Kaiser, M, Häuser, C, Jacober, S, Zagar, A, Althouse, S, Pinaire, J, Becker, R, Frick, A, Rave, K, Moses, R, Ways, K, Krones, R, Basir, S, Klein, C, Sawicki, P, Rotella, C, Pala, L, Dicembrini, I, Mannucci, E, Annuzzi, G, De Natale, C, Bozzetto, L, Patti, L, Cipriano, P, Campaigne, B, Malone, J, Bai, S, Reviriego, J, Augendre ferrante, B, Schneider, K, Schweitzer, M, Fach, E, Busch, K, Karimi Anderesi, Z, Haupt, A, Eckert, H, Peiker, J, Fritsche, A, Janka, H, Plewe, G, Kliebe frisch, C, Maxeiner, S, Teng, L, Chan, C, Ernest, C, Skrivanek, Z, Brodows, R, Soon, D, Chung, K, Rußmann, A, Ryysy, L, Hänninen, J, Hulme, S, Kauppinen mäkelin, R, Lahdenperä, S, Lehtonen, R, Levanen, H, Nikkiä, K, Tulokas, T, Virtamo, H, Vahatalo, M, Fulcher, G, Lavalle gonzalez, F, De La Pena, A, Lim, M, Scholtz, H, Derezinski, T, Gerber, R, Hauber, A, Bolinder, B, Johnson, F, Boehm, B, Keiding, J, Raastam, J, Møller, M, Parkner, T, Jørgensen, C, Smedegaard, J, Christiansen, J, Mcdougall, A, Fitch, M, Nelson, G, Mueller, U, Saemann, A, Ishii, H, Iburi, T, Furuya, M, Yamagami, K, Sekine, O, Yamashiro, S, Ishibashi, R, Tsujii, S, Sauriol, L, Lescrauwaet, B, Heckmann, B, Helbig, C, Franke, I, Schiel, R, Oguzhan, B, Gursoy, N, Gutiérrez, E, García, P, Rokeya, B, Hossain, M, Ali, L, Ivanova, O, Gorbenko, N, Gladkich, A, Gorbenko, K, Blase, E, Nguyen, T, Su, G, Gao, H, Carr, E, Wintle, M, Fineman, M, Calara, F, Han, J, Aisporna, M, Zabala, E, Fehse, F, Trautmann, M, Halseth, A, Nauck, M, Kendall, D, Riddle, M, Zhuang, D, Buse, J, Henry, R, Linnebjerg, H, Kothare, P, De La Peña, A, Atkins, M, Bjerre Knudsen, L, Voss, P, Hompesch, M, Filipczak, R, Le, T, Zdravkovic, M, Gumprecht, J, Deacon, C, Plamboeck, A, Guivarch, P, Dreyfus, J, Mathi, S, Castaigne, J, Drucker, D, Kruger, D, Burrell, T, Gloster, M, Crean, J, Herrmann, K, Kovatchev, B, Cox, D, Mccall, A, Whitehouse, F, Chapman, I, Parker, B, Doran, S, Feinle bisset, C, Wishart, J, Lush, C, Mcintyre, S, Deckhut, D, Horowitz, M, El ouaghlidi, A, Rehring, E, Holmes, D, Sallas, W, He, Y, Watson, C, Ligueros saylan, M, Foley, J, Narayanan, S, Thomas, A, Shah, D, Gopalan, B, Vakkalanka, S, Arch, J, Ryskjær, J, Krarup, T, Madsbad, S, Vilsbøll, T, Ciani, S, Bardini, G, Pezzatini, A, Cappadona, A, Joergensen, M, Jensen holm, H, Kristensen, L, Kanstrup, A, Mckillop, A, Duffy, N, Lindsay, J, Bell, P, Hansen, B, Gronemann, S, Wilken, M, Herman, G, Zhao, P, Dietrich, B, Golor, G, Schrodter, A, Keymeulen, B, Lasseter, K, Kipnes, M, Hilliard, D, Tanen, M, De Smet, M, Van Dyck, K, Tanaka, W, Gottesdiener, K, Wagner, J, Hoffmann, T, S, V, Demuth, H, Paule, S, Myers, M, Nikolovski, B, Fujiwara, H, Hosokawa, M, Fukuda, K, Nishi, Y, Fujita, Y, Yamada, K, Ueda, N, Jones leone, A, Yu, T, Barilla, D, Ho, Y, Makrilakis, K, Panagiotakos, D, Dimosthenopoulos, C, Ioannidis, I, Chrysohoou, C, Pitsavos, C, Kuo, S, Levendal, R, Poonsatha, S, Jones, G, Fahey, R, Hoa, N, Norberg, Å, Liepinsh, E, Phan, D, Thuan, N, Jörnvall, H, Sillard, R, Tessari, P, Kiwanuka, E, Cristini, M, Zaramella, M, Enslen, M, Garcia rodenas, C, Yazawa, M, Imai, Y, Ohmura, E, Tsuchida, A, Matsuda, A, Hosaka, D, Horie, H, Ichita, M, Hisano, Y, Woodhead, S, Xu, W, Chen, X, Cavalot, F, Bonomo, K, Perna, P, Bacillo, E, Salacone, P, Gallo, M, Gaia, E, Vinik, A, Yu, D, Heise, M, Freed, M, Aguilera, E, Pellitero, S, Näf, S, Bendtzen, K, Nicoletti, F, Hahn, J, Bochnig, S, Koenig, H, Sporleder, B, Maisonneuve, P, Lowenfels, A, Kerner, W, Lankisch, P, Thai, A, Mohan, V, Khalid, B, Yeo, J, Gasiorowska, A, Talar wojnarowska, R, Malecka panas, E, Schindler, K, Rieger, A, Gmeinhart, B, Schlembacher, K, Merz, P, Ludvik, B, Müller, N, Rodriguez, F, Aas, A, Seljeflot, I, Huang, C, Biswas, N, Hashimoto, N, Kamatani, Y, Suzuki, Y, Yagui, K, Saito, Y, Iwai, R, Takahashi, H, Yoshida, S, Skowronski, M, Zozulinska, D, Juszczyk, J, Wierusz wysocka, B, Peterkova, V, Kuraeva, T, Scherbacheva, L, Andrianova, E, Maximova, V, Titovich, E, Danne, T, Bittner, C, Hanaire broutin, H, Schumicki, D, Souhami, E, Morrison, G, Purewal, T, Weston, P, Šmahelová, A, Rušavý, Z, Kožnarová, R, Loyková, V, Bělobrádková, J, Devries, J, Retnakaran, R, Hochman, J, Melki, V, Zinman, B, Corbi, S, Costanza, F, Fioriti, E, Cappa, M, Jaroň, M, Martínek, V, Piechatzek, R, Klaff, L, Prager, R, Robinson, A, Penfornis, A, Thomas, R, Selam, J, Sola gazagnes, A, Vitacolonna, E, Canonico, V, Fabietti, P, Iorio, M, Orsini Federici, M, Timi, A, Massi Benedetti, M, Sarti, E, Ashwell, S, Gebbie, J, Siebenhofer, A, Plank, J, Berghold, A, Horvath, K, Mrak, P, Jeitler, K, Pieber, T, Heller, S, Gottlieb, P, Paul, J, Chase, P, Menditto, L, Antuña, R, Grimaldi, A, Brun, J, Vialettes, B, Halimi, S, Dubroca, I, Blayo, A, Gómez peralta, F, Santos mazo, E, Payeras más, F, Abreu padín, C, Santos palacios, S, Salvador rodríguez, J, Burge, M, Schroeder, E, Witthaus, E, Johnston, P, Bradley, C, Kudva, Y, Jenkins, G, Pons, G, Quandt, L, Gebel, J, Vogelsang, D, Smith, S, Isley, W, Russell jones, D, Maier, C, Mustapic, D, Schuster, E, Luger, A, Eher, R, Koznarova, R, Rubesova, I, Pelikanova, T, Skibova, J, Sanz, F, Ampudia blasco, F, Gabaldon, J, Catala, M, Carmena, R, Heinemann, L, Kronshage, B, Ward, K, Sass, D, Essenpreis, M, Voelkel, D, Lodwig, V, Nguyen, M, Mondok, A, Friedrich, C, Caduff, A, Totonelli, A, Longhitano, S, Agrò, F, Edelman, S, Morrison, Z, Velazquez, F, Howard, S, Banks, R, Berger, B, Burian, P, Nilsson, K, Karlén, M, Rylander, E, Blonde, L, Freemantle, N, Ross, S, Duhot, D, Eggertsen, R, Hobbs, F, Martinez, L, Stridde, E, Skyler, J, Tusek, C, Stephan, J, Krasner, A, Landschulz, W, Sha, S, Bott, S, Bergenstal, R, Damgé, C, Ubrich, N, Kaltenbacher, M, Maincent, P, Wutte, A, Bock, G, Balent, B, Midtgaard, A, Rønn, B, Edgerton, D, Cherrington, A, Neal, D, Scott, M, Glass, D, Bowen, L, Wilson, W, Hobbs, C, Leach, C, Sivakumaran, S, Strack, T, De Meyts, P, Aladdin, H, Palsgaard, J, Theede, A, Sajid, W, Hinrichsen, J, Klaproth, B, Lademann, J, Østergaard, J, Andersen, A, Boss, A, Cheatham, W, Pfuetzner, A, Larbig, M, Forst, S, Abdollahnia, R, Grenningloh, M, Leatherdale, B, Bartley, E, Schwartz, S, Buchea, O, Hoss, U, Shah, R, Endo, T, Hata, S, Yamazaki, H, Hernandez Campos, S, Busciantella Ricci, N, Kaufman, F, Halvorson, M, Carpenter, S, Cooper, K, Mueller, J, Van Wasen, H, Brumberg, J, Rduch, K, Mertens, S, Reeß, F, Renz, H, Maran, A, Sparacino, G, Pavanini, A, Corazza, S, Crepaldi, M, Poscia, A, Acosta, D, Salcedo, D, Delgado, E, Novoa, J, Hawkins, F, Parramón, M, Mesa, J, Parhimovich, R, Darko, D, Odusanya, P, Pullen, F, Mukherjee, S, Child, D, Redkin, Y, Dreval, A, Bogomolov, V, Östgren, C, Grodzinsky, E, Lindström, K, Borgquist, L, Fegan, G, Hamliton, P, Mccrimmon, R, Evans, M, Fan, X, Ding, Y, Sherwin, R, Boomsma, F, Pramming, S, Fischer, B, Soydan, N, Eckhard, M, Saar, P, Kreuder, J, Linn, T, Holstein, A, Plaschke, A, Ptak, M, Egberts, E, El din, J, Kirchheiner, J, Hoashi, S, Khamis, A, Kilbane, M, Cannon, D, Gribben, A, Firth, R, Kinsley, B, Cranston, I, De Galan, B, De Mol, P, Wennekes, L, Due andersen, R, Lundkvist, J, Jönsson, L, Mukhopadhyay, B, Deans, K, Kesson, C, Jendrike, N, Buck, H, Abicht, A, Haug, C, Freckmann, G, Warren, R, Sommerfield, A, Allen, K, Deary, I, Frier, B, Høi hansen, T, Wu, A, Holtman, V, Tenberken, O, Maurer, H, Al zakwani, I, Bullano, M, Baron, J, Willey, V, Nattrass, M, Kurtzhals, P, Colding jorgensen, M, Massi benedetti, M, Murray, F, Lin, Z, Kølendorf, K, Prasek, M, Philotheou, A, Javashvili, L, Virsaladze, D, Kajaia, N, Raposo, J, Pratas, S, Fernandes, C, Valadas, C, Duarte, R, Gardete correia, L, Locatelli, M, Patera, I, Bottazzo, G, Hadjidakis, D, Mylonakis, A, Raptis, A, Papaefstathiou, A, Hedman, C, Frystyk, J, Fridell, K, Jönsson, A, Lindström, T, Saito, M, Eto, M, Kaku, K, Stotzka, M, Stein, G, Prince, M, Kulzer, B, Scholze, A, Hermanns, N, Kubiak, T, Starostina, E, Shavrikova, E, Furuhashi, N, Hirose, T, Kuroda, M, Kimura, M, Ishizawa, M, Sarui, H, Takeda, N, Furuta, T, Drewelow, S, Lindloh, C, Paddison, C, Faimalie, M, Flett, R, Micheletti, S, Perelli Cippo, P, Mantovani, L, Su, M, Trento, M, Bajardi, M, Passera, P, Miselli, V, Tomalino, M, Borgo, E, Cavallo, F, Porta, M, Miclea, S, Bogatean, M, Hancu, N, Leppert, K, Muller, U, Rittmeier, H, Mchorney, C, Myers, J, Reinecker, H, Meier, J, Gallwitz, B, Askenas, M, Vollmer, K, Schmidt, W, Kyrou, I, Souvatzoglou, E, Cseh, K, Baranyi, E, Kaszas, E, Szocs, A, Melczer, Z, Sikter, M, Szenthe, P, Palik, E, Hajos, P, Pogatsa, G, Winkler, G, Pardo, I, Barros filho, A, Jahan, S, Huq, F, Biswas, K, Chowdhury, T, Khan, A, Ritterath, C, Talai Rad, N, Siegmund, T, Heinze, T, Henrich, W, Siebert, G, Dudenhausen, J, Buhling, K, Kautzky willer, A, Mustafa, S, Winzer, C, Vukovich, T, Shaat, N, Ekelund, M, Lernmark, Å, Ivarsson, S, Zmudzinska, M, Bronisz, A, Pufal, M, Junik, R, Beran, D, Toledano, Y, Giveon, S, Kahan, E, Aycheh, S, Guttman, N, Jaffe, A, Alberti, H, Boudriga, N, Nabli, M, Jaiveer, S, Jaiveer, P, Shaikh, S, Gopinath, A, Morrissey, J, Patel, V, Lenz, M, Dvoynishnikova, O, Mayorov, A, Galstyan, G, Antsiferov, M, Dedov, I, Rybarczyk, M, Scalone, L, Palmer, A, Morgutti, M, Valentine, W, Renaudin, C, Roze, S, Morsanutto, A, Berto, P, Lopatriello, S, Voinovich, D, Gelisio, R, Brändie, M, Russ, W, Greiner, R, Rodríguez, J, Rubio Terrés, C, De Pablos, P, Smith, I, Morgan, C, Tsutskiridze, L, Haag, B, Delbuono, B, Silva, C, Fox, A, Padilla, V, Naraine, K, Cypryk, K, Szymczak, W, Szosland, K, Sobczak, M, Zawodniak szalapska, M, Lewinski, A, Schvarcz, E, Lindqvist, A, Stenninger, E, Östlund, I, Åman, J, Lapolla, A, Dalfrà, M, Di Benedetto, A, Dolci, M, Franzetti, I, Masotti, M, Napoli, A, Salietti, G, Santini, C, Tortul, C, Di Cianni, G, Popow, C, Waldhör, T, Horn, W, Biermann, E, Rihl, J, Riedl, M, Kastner, P, Kollmann, A, Pusch, W, Schreier, G, Hearnshaw, H, Lowe, P, Griffiths, F, Stapperfend, M, Baehring, T, Cosson, E, Benchimol, M, Carbillon, L, Pariès, J, Lormeau, B, Pharisien, I, Tourel, E, Uzan, M, Attali, J, Zabarovskaya, Z, Mulyarchik, O, Barsukov, A, Guseva, T, Begum, K, Haque, L, Bokor, A, Rigó, J, Garamvölgyi, Z, Pusztai, P, Somogyi, A, Hanson, U, Nyström, L, Blohmó, G, Ekbom schnell, A, Östman, J, Persson, B, Parretti, E, Cioni, R, Marzari, C, Masin, M, Scarselli, G, Mello, G, Seghieri, G, De Bellis, A, Anichini, R, Alviggi, L, Franconi, F, Breschi, C, Dworacka, M, Wender ożegowska, E, Winiarska, H, Macugowska, M, Zawiejska, A, Bobkiewicz kozłowska, T, Pietryga, M, Brązert, J, Bousboulas, S, Politakis, P, Papadimitriou, P, Lyu, R, Yin, D, Green, A, Kristensen, J, Rodríguez saldaña, J, Clark, C, Morales De Teresa, M, Escorza domínguez, A, Ortiz gress, A, Monroy mayorga, A, Mejía pedraza, B, Seeliger, S, Kaiser, J, Müller, E, Maxion bergemann, S, Bergemann, R, Goertz, A, Shearer, A, Bagust, A, Schoeffski, O, Shestakova, M, Balabolkin, M, Chugunova, L, Shamkhalova, M, Zaytseva, N, Naumenkova, I, Brevnova, N, Tsibina, L, Rosak, C, Petzoldt, R, Stammer, H, Dehmel, B, Seidel, D, Roth, W, Fennenkötter, U, Gottschall, V, Kanatsuka, A, Lauenborg, J, Jörgensen, T, Hornnes, P, Wagner, O, Zajdenverg, L, Halfoun, V, Oliveira, J, Lencioni, C, Volpe, L, Chatzianagnostou, K, Cuccuru, I, Ghio, A, Pardini, E, Salvadorini, M, Saltiki, A, Korakovouni, A, Stavrianos, H, Zapanti, E, Antsaklis, A, Pithova, P, Sporna, M, Bustani, R, Todd, D, Guerrero, R, Vázquez, M, Amaya, M, Dios, E, Quijada, D, García hernández, N, Astorga, R, Gandhi, R, Jayawarna, C, Fernando, D, Hill, R, Lloyd mostyn, R, Thomson, G, Rewers, A, Bothner, J, Klingensmith, G, Sysoyeva, O, Karlovich, N, Rankins, D, Wellard, M, Werther, G, Northam, E, Kordonouri, O, Haberland, H, Hauschild, M, Kapellen, T, Kraft, V, Wiemann, D, Lange, K, Witte, D, Laude, D, Dabire, H, Hadj Brahim, F, Papanas, N, Papatheodorou, K, Christakidis, D, Papazoglou, D, Giassakis, G, Piperidou, H, Monastiriotis, H, Maltezos, E, Barrett, C, Serghides, H, Tindali, H, Kelly, F, Chiheb, S, Chen, Q, Brahimi, M, Cynober, L, Delaporte, C, Scionti, L, Conti, M, Vermigli, C, Galimberti, G, Cazzetta, G, Bosi, E, Sugimoto, K, Shoji, M, Yasujima, M, Suda, T, Yagihashi, S, Zsengeller, Z, Charniauskaya, T, Abatan, O, Kimura, I, Tsuneki, H, Hara, S, Sasaki, K, Nangle, M, Gibson, T, Yorek, M, Hirooka, H, Stevens, M, Tarhzaoui, K, Cohen boulakia, F, Smith, G, Lestrade, R, Behar, A, Komori, H, Oi, K, Takahashi, D, Kunitou, T, Moroi, M, Philips, J, Marchand, M, Geronooz, I, Scheen, A, Gambardella, S, Ciampittiello, G, Bracaglia, D, Cicconetti, E, Gigli, F, Verri, C, Baroni, A, Frontoni, S, Szabó, M, Germán, M, Farkas, L, Szentendrei, D, Maiello, M, Mandica, S, Morganti, R, Menzinger, G, Bernardi, L, Aso, Y, Wakabayashi, S, Takebayashi, K, Takemura, Y, Inukai, T, Kalter leibovici, O, Lifshitz, A, Yerushalmy, Y, Stern, E, Ogawa, K, Nanjo, K, Kawamori, R, Katayama, S, Shirai, M, Fonseca, V, Seftel, A, Denne, J, Fredlund, P, Buvat, J, Schmitt, H, Van Ahlen, H, Varanese, L, Lips, J, Hoekstra, J, Banga, J, Legros, J, Lufuma, M, Bouter, K, Fan, L, Lu, J, Zheng, Y, Spruce, M, Jones, C, Coppini, D, Lavery, L, Holtz neiderer, K, Mohler, M, Wendel, C, Nixon, B, Jurado, J, Bataller, F, Dorca, A, Garcia, F, Brossa, N, Barnera, T, Pou Torelló, J, Bregovski, V, Karpova, I, Hedetoft, C, Rasmussen, A, Fabrin, J, Driver, V, Thoms, T, Jeffcoate, W, Monaghan, J, Game, F, Dalla Noce, S, Cimmino, M, Caruso, S, Manes, C, Mikoudi, K, Sossidou, E, Pigas, G, Karagianni, D, Skoutas, D, Fotiadis, S, Pruna, S, Eroshkin, I, Vasiljev, Y, Udovichenko, O, Udovichenko, A, Bondarenko, O, Dang, C, Prasad, Y, Anwar, R, Thomas, G, Lobmann, R, Motzkau, M, Pittasch, D, Lehnert, H, Piaggesi, A, Marsocci, A, Fanara, M, Rizzo, L, Palumbo, F, Campi, F, Tedeschi, A, Scatena, A, Goretti, C, Baicchi, U, Chipchase, S, Treece, K, Pound, N, Hill, N, Cyganek, K, Mirkiewicz sieradzka, B, Malecki, M, Wolkow, P, Skupien, J, Naskalska, A, Sieradzki, J, Tapp, R, Tonkin, A, Harper, A, Mccarty, D, Söderberg, S, Taylor, H, Chitson, P, Alberti, G, Sheetz, M, Aiello, L, Davis, M, Milton, R, Arora, V, Hu, K, Girach, A, Vignati, L, Tyrberg, M, Melander, A, Lindblad, U, Giannarelli, R, Coppelli, A, Sartini, M, Aragona, M, Fletcher, E, Ninkovic, S, Foster, L, Jones, D, De Gooyer, T, Stitt, A, Vingrys, A, Wilkinson berka, J, Lewandowska, A, Randeva, H, Komorowski, J, Lewandowski, K, Jurowski, P, Sankar, S, Gos, R, Kowluru, R, Odenbach, S, Shinn, S, Agardh, C, Hultberg, B, Segura, R, Fonollosa, A, Berrone, E, Beltramo, E, Solimine, C, Ubertalli, A, Islam, N, Esteve, E, Fernandez, M, Recas, I, Mauri, S, Biarnes, F, Junca, E, Fernádez real, J, Rössner, S, Stenlof, K, Levy, B, Perry, B, Fitchet, M, Chrysos, G, Kamaratos, A, Lepeniotis, G, Kokkoris, S, Varytimiadis, K, Stasini, F, Mikros, S, Gianneli, D, Tryfinopoulou, K, Melidonis, A, Nikolopoulou, C, Harley, K, Ryder, R, De, P, Vannieuwenhoven, F, Rossing, K, Oliver, N, Goldschmeding, R, Jacobsen, P, Tan, F, Liew, S, Mukherjee, J, Lim, P, Fröjdö, S, Sjölind, L, Parkkonen, M, Mäkinen, V, Tikellis, C, Nieuwenhoven, F, Macisaac, R, Tsalamandris, C, Mcneil, K, Panaiotopoulos, S, Smith, T, Ho, M, Matthews, P, Jerums, G, Hut, H, Van Den Meiracker, A, Nakhjavani, M, Behjati, J, Esteghamati, A, Esfahanian, F, Aghamohamadzadeh, N, Abbasi, M, Kohnert, K, Zander, E, Krabbe, S, Stehouwer, C, Schalkwijk, C, Krarup Hansen, T, Teppo, A, Ebeling, P, Abdella, N, Mojiminiyi, O, Al Dahi, W, Al Mohammedi, H, Al Jebely, S, Neugebauer baba, S, Baba, T, Ohashi, H, Nakajima, S, Hesselmann, C, Watanabe, T, Nargis, M, Zaid, R, Voronko, O, Tchugunova, L, Vikulova, O, Nosikov, V, Liu, L, Zheng, T, Li, M, Zhang, R, Xiang, K, Hadjadj, S, Jeunemaitre, X, Vervoort, G, Veldman, B, Berden, J, Wetzels, J, Singh, B, Holland, M, Baskar, V, Oh, J, Seo, J, Choi, K, Baik, S, Choi, D, Kim, N, Matsumoto, S, Suetsugu, M, Matsutomo, R, Pisarczyk wiza, D, Banaszak, A, Wysocki, H, Usui, H, Shikata, K, Okada, S, Ogawa, D, Yozai, K, Kido, Y, Nagase, R, Ohga, S, Tone, A, Sasaki, M, Wada, J, Unno, Y, Horiuchi, S, Mclennan, S, Kamarinos, M, Waltham, M, Dy, V, Yue, D, Zdychova, J, Komers, R, Cresci, B, Giannini, S, Manuelli, C, Giunti, S, Pinach, S, Ianni Palarchio, A, Arnaldi, L, Vittone, F, Camussi, G, Cavallo Perin, P, Gruden, G, Marshall, S, Jones, S, White, K, Brizzi, M, Dentelli, P, Rosso, A, Calvi, C, Gambino, R, Cassader, M, Salvidio, G, Deferrari, G, Pegoraro, L, Pagano, G, Cavallo perin, P, Oates, R, Ellery, C, Beebe, D, Coutcher, J, Qian, Y, Lowe, V, Appleton, T, Raunig, D, O'Neil, S, Mylari, B, Amazonas, R, Fujita, A, Doi, A, Matsuno, S, Okamoto, K, Matsumoto, E, Furuta, H, Nishi, M, Tsuno, T, Taniguchi, H, Bessho, H, Wasén, E, Isoaho, R, Mattila, K, Vahlberg, T, Kivelä, S, Irjala, K, Rigalleau, V, Lasseur, C, Perlemoine, C, Barthes, N, Raffaitin, C, Chauveau, P, Combe, C, Baillet blanco, L, Beauvieux, M, Gin, H, Heinrich, S, Steiner, T, Ott, U, Holdass, H, Fellström, B, Jardine, A, Staffler, B, Logan, J, Gimpelewicz, C, Stanciu, C, Pena, C, Serafinceanu, C, González posada, J, Hernández, D, Pérez tamajó, L, Ló, A, Herná Alarcó, M, Meneses, M, Barsotti, M, Rizzo, G, Schmauss, S, Havrdova, T, Saudek, F, Boucek, P, Adamec, M, Invitti, C, Gilardini, L, Parati, G, Mazzilli, G, Pontiggia, B, Sartorio, A, Lutgers, H, Groenier, K, Zasadzinska, G, Saryusz wolska, M, Kurktschiev, D, Majdrakova, I, Varbanova, T, Todorova, B, Bajo martinez, A, Bernal, E, Sanchez, O, Ugalde canitrot, A, Sanchez largo, E, Coca robinot, D, Fabregate, R, Calbacho, M, Marquez, J, Saban ruiz, J, Penesova, A, Cizmarova, E, Blazicek, P, De Jongh, R, Serné, E, Ijzerman, R, De Vries, G, Andersen, N, Knudsen, S, Helleberg, K, Mogensen, C, Waluś, M, Idzior waluś, B, Sztefko, K, Cieślik, G, Fedak, D, Wozniakiewicz, E, Lin, S, Guo, M, Lin, C, Liu, X, Francisco, M, Rodriguez rosas, H, Peiró martinez, I, Macías batista, A, Harte, A, Rodriguez cuenca, S, Valsamakis, G, Chetty, R, Anderson, L, Roca, P, Matyka, K, Lasalle, J, Hershon, K, Berman, L, Gibson, E, Gillen, D, Maroni, J, Simmons, D, Hiukka, A, Forder, P, Leinonen, E, Hilden, H, Fruchart, J, Keech, A, Farnier, M, Freeman, M, Macdonell, G, Perevozskaya, I, Mitchel, Y, Gumbiner, B, Didangelos, T, Athyros, V, Mikhailidis, D, Papageorgiou, A, Bouloukos, V, Pehlivanidis, A, Symeonidis, A, Elisaf, M, Mckenney, J, Insull, W, Lewin, A, Maccubbin, D, Kush, D, Schuster, H, Barter, P, Stender, S, Bonnet, J, Morrell, J, Watkins, C, Kallend, D, Stalenhoef, A, Ballantyne, C, Murin, J, Tonstad, S, Rose, H, Wilpshaar, W, Jenkins, A, Karschimkus, C, Dragicevic, G, Rowley, K, Wolthers, T, Best, J, Voet, B, Murdoch, S, Marcovina, S, Brunzell, J, Caparevic, Z, Kostic, N, Ilic, S, Sartore, G, Piarulli, F, Cantaro, S, Reitano, R, Fiore, C, Marin, R, Bassan, S, Manzato, E, Fedele, D, Solini, A, Santini, E, Thornalley, P, Babaei jadidi, R, Karachalias, N, Kupich, C, Ahmed, N, Fowler, A, Baker, A, Starczynski, J, O'Hare, P, Szepietowska, B, Szelachowska, M, Puch, U, Glebocka, A, Quinn, D, Mcternan, C, Bonser, R, Idzior walus, B, Woźniakiewicz, E, Dimitriou, K, Apostolou, O, Kontela, E, Devangelio, E, Gould, E, Serri, O, Roussin, A, Buithieu, J, Mamputu, J, Renier, G, Giordanetti, S, De Amici, E, Poggi, G, Turpini, C, Fratino, P, Garzaniti, A, Banu, I, Paries, J, Roman, G, Negrean, M, Bala, C, Nita, C, Kistorp, C, Gustafsson, F, Chong, A, Lip, G, Galatius, S, Ari, N, Sahilli, M, Ceylan isık, A, Ozansoy, G, Karasu yilmaz, C, Matteucci, E, Rosada, J, Pallini, M, Evangelista, I, Cassetti, G, Giusti, C, Giampietro, O, Capaldo, B, Galderisi, M, Cicala, S, Turco, A, Imbroinise, A, Nosso, G, D'Errico, A, De Divitiis, O, Klimontov, V, Korolyova, E, Jeltova, L, Bondar, I, Tarkun, I, Arslan, B, Canturk, Z, Tarkun, P, Agacdiken, A, Komsuoglu, B, Méneveau, N, Pierre justin, E, Alsayed, M, Sabbah, R, Paulin, S, Marcu, S, Tauveron, I, Zimmermann, C, Schiele, F, Seronde, M, Vautrin, P, Lusson, J, Thieblot, P, Bernard, Y, Mistry, A, Pye, M, Peovska, I, Maksimovic Pavlovic, J, Vavlukis, M, Pop Gorceva, D, Bosevski, M, Scognamiglio, R, Negut, C, De Kreutzenberg, S, Madonna, R, De Caterina, R, Willerson, J, Geng, Y, Vahsen, S, Ledwig, D, Ramrath, S, Frantz, S, Schmidt, I, Calvillo, L, Dienesch, C, Elbing, I, Bischoff, H, Ertl, G, Bauersachs, J, Davydov, A, Mkrtum'Yan, A, Baranova, L, Ikeda, Y, Suehiro, T, Osaki, F, Ota, K, Arii, K, Kumon, Y, Hashimoto, K, Doney, A, Morris, A, Palmer, C, Byun, S, Doo, H, Pagnin, E, Calo, L, Fadini, G, Kubaszek, A, Chai, S, Chai, Q, Rasmussen, L, Ledet, T, Wogensen, L, Lengyel, C, Varró, A, Virág, L, Magyar, J, Bíró, T, Jost, N, Skoumal, R, Nánási, P, Tóth, M, Horkay, F, Papp, J, Zacharopoulou, O, Athanaselis, S, Tsokos, N, Doupis, J, Psallas, M, Cokkinos, D, Pavlatos, S, Liatis, S, Akhobadze, T, Dzneladze, L, Samarguliani, I, Taskiran, M, Rasmussen, V, Jensen, G, Fisher, A, Petrovsky, N, Srikusalanukul, W, Budge, M, Trifunovic zamaklar, D, Zivkovic, M, Jelic, V, Vukomanovic, G, Ristic, A, Seferovic, P, Costa, J, Duarte, S, Manley, S, Sailesh, S, Venkataraman, A, Haider, Y, Groza, I, Oprean, M, Ardelean, A, Morosanu, A, Darkow, T, Vanderplas, A, Mamas, M, Mcelduff, P, Burns, J, Edwards, R, Fitchet, A, Young, R, Gibson, J, Lichiardopol, R, Niculescu, N, Totora, A, Pencea, C, Tomescu, I, Cinteza, M, Manicardi, V, Coscelli, C, Navazio, A, Catellani, E, Michelini, M, Dall'Asta, D, Guberti, A, Piazza, A, Gasparini, E, Pantaleoni, M, Guiducci, U, Manari, A, Sejil, S, Janand delenne, B, Avierinos, J, Habib, G, Labastie, N, Vague, P, Lassmann vague, V, Luźniak, P, Tatoń, J, Wojciechowska Luźniak, A, Zairis, M, Lyras, A, Patsourakos, N, Tsirimbis, V, Foussas, S, Lupón, J, Urrutia, A, Herreros, J, González, B, Coll, R, Altimir, S, Prats, M, Valle, V, Abreu padí, C, Rábago, G, Ivanova, L, Brasacchio, D, Harno, E, Keenan, A, Li, H, Lu, Z, Ke, L, Liu, H, Jeong, I, Chae, M, Choi, M, Yoo, H, Kim, C, Yun, M, Na, M, Kang, Y, Kong, O, Son, S, Kim, I, Tanaka, N, Hosoi, M, Matsuyama, Y, Fukumoto, M, Yamakita, T, Yoshioka, K, Ishii, T, Sato, T, Fujii, S, Aoki, T, Shibata, T, Mizutani, N, Suzuki, J, Fowelin, J, Samuelsson, P, Brandrup wogsen, G, Okumura, K, Tokmakova, A, Staroverova, D, Antcieferov, M, Shutichina, I, Kuntchevich, G, Vriesendorp, T, Morélis, Q, Legemate, D, Schaper, F, Mainas, E, Gkioulmpasanis, I, Panagiotou, I, Vassilikos, G, Skorda, L, Sidira, M, Christoforidou, M, Alaveras, A, Artikis, V, Evdemon, E, Lechleitner, M, Koch, T, Ebenbichler, C, Sturm, W, Moretti, L, Moruzzo, D, Boldrini, E, Pandolfo, C, Kameyama, M, Iwasa, R, Cho, M, Nam, J, Huh, K, Kaplar, M, Paragh, G, Erdei, A, Csongradi, E, Garai, I, Varga, J, Galuska, L, Udvardy, M, Higa, M, Kaneko, Y, Hiroi, N, Koziarska, D, Nowacki, P, Majkowska, L, Luzniak, P, Wojciechowska luźniak, A, Tushuizen, M, Nieuwland, R, Snoeck, D, Sturk, A, Diamant, M, Aguiar, L, Bahia, L, Villela, N, Laflor, C, Conde, C, Bottino, D, Dorigo, D, Bouskela, E, Pu, S, Luo, Z, Lam, K, Dan, Q, Xu, A, Shen, J, Cheng, K, Xu, J, Thamer, C, Stefan, N, Haap, M, Heller, E, Tschritter, O, De Prado, A, Ortiz, A, Ybarra, J, Gich, I, Pou, J, Ehren, M, Roggenland, D, Reinsen, B, Klein, H, Rittig, K, Stock, J, Kocher, B, Balletshofer, B, Shon, H, Chung, D, Nakatani, Y, Matsuhisa, M, Kaneto, H, Hatazaki, M, Yoshiuchi, K, Katakami, N, Kawamori, D, Ohtoshi, K, Sakamoto, K, Matsuoka, T, Ozawa, K, Ogawa, S, Hori, M, Yamasaki, Y, Zitouni, K, Harry, D, Nourooz zadeh, J, Earle, K, Olesen, P, Franco, L, Corvaja, C, Semplicini, A, Ceylan işık, A, Arı, N, Rösen, P, Lee, I, Park, K, Jung, E, Shin, D, Jo, S, Obuobie, K, Prakash, P, Hanna, F, Lazarus, J, Varadhan, L, Gurushankar, J, James, D, Sheikh, S, Gaede, P, Zou, D, Vilarrasa, N, Perez maraver, M, Mena, E, Perez, D, Setti, G, Buckingham, R, Urbančič, V, Stefanovska, A, Bernjak, A, Ažman juvan, K, Kocijančič, A, Glowania, A, Filters, T, Fosmark, D, Torjesen, P, Kilhovd, B, Berg, T, Sandvik, L, Hanssen, K, Mentink, C, Donchenko, G, Stepanenko, S, Maingrette, F, Deng, H, Lindenmair, A, Freudenthaler, A, Baumgartner parzer, S, Nizheradze, K, Khoruzhenko, A, Tronko, N, Sheu, W, Ou, H, Shen, H, Lin, T, Wu, H, Yang, C, Mogylnytska, L, Schmoelzer, I, Davies, J, Band, M, Struthers, A, Prázný, M, Škrha, J, Kasalová, Z, Neelotpol, S, Jahan, P, Kauschke, S, Harrop, C, Schäfer, A, Widder, J, Eigenthaler, M, Walter, U, Uchimura, I, Ikebukuro, M, Kaibara, M, Hirata, M, Helal, R, Pervin, F, Yang, X, Jansson, P, Nagaev, I, Jack, M, Carvalho, E, Sunnerhagen, K, Cam, M, Cushman, S, Smith, U, Creely, S, Farmer, J, Gustafson, B, Kusminski, C, Krusinova, E, Wohl, P, Klementova, M, Lanska, V, Mcdougall, C, Kelly, I, Abbas, Z, Lutale, J, Archibald, L, Karunajeewa, H, Stingemore, N, Stuccio, G, Mcgechie, D, Muller, L, Hak, E, Goudzwaard, W, Montorsi, F, Homering, M, Sprenger, K, Goldstein, I, Asnaghi, V, Ferrari, G, Rastaldi, M, Gabellini, D, Dell'Antonio, G, Maestroni, A, Ruggieri, D, Luzi, L, Piemonti, L, Zerbini, G, Anafaroglu, I, Tutuncu, N, Sultana, M, Siddiqua, N, Iwasaki, T, Nakajima, A, Yoneda, M, Mukasa, K, Tanaka, S, and Sekihara, H

Subjects
0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, EASD, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Human physiology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Family medicine, Internal Medicine, Medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Published
2004

49. Pathology of the pancreas and other organs in the diabetic LEW.1AR1/Ztm- iddm rat, a new model of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Author

Birgit Kubat, Günter Klöppel, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Anne Jörns, Dirk Wedekind, Sigurd Lenzen, and Markus Tiedge

Subjects
Exocrine gland, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, endocrine system diseases, medicine.medical_treatment, T-Lymphocytes, Apoptosis, Kidney, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Autoimmune Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Diabetic nephropathy, Islets of Langerhans, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Endocrine system, Animals, Diabetic Nephropathies, Molecular Biology, Pancreas, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Insulin, Cell Biology, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Beta cell, business
Abstract

We studied the histo- and immunopathology of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas and a number of other organs in a new insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) rat model (LEW.1AR1/Ztm- iddm rat). The pancreas of the acutely diabetic animals showed an inflammatory infiltrate, involving all islets and ducts. The islet infiltrate was composed mainly of ED1-positive macrophages and T lymphocytes, comprising a large number of CD8(+) lymphocytes and a few CD4(+) lymphocytes. In addition, the islets displayed apoptotic cells, characterized by condensation and fragmentation of nuclear chromatin. These cells were identified as beta cells by insulin immunostaining. Other endocrine and exocrine glands, including adrenals and thyroid, as well as salivary and submandibular glands, were unaffected. Organs from the digestive tract or systemic circulatory system, including small intestine, liver, heart, and lung also showed no involvement. The kidney was intact in acutely diabetic rats. However, 6 months after diabetes manifestation, pathological changes compatible with a diabetic nephropathy had developed, affecting both the glomerula and the proximal tubular segments. It was concluded that the autoimmune process in this new IDDM rat model is restricted to the endocrine pancreas and leads to apoptotic beta cell destruction.

Published
2003

50. A novel black-hooded mutant rat (ci3) with spontaneous circling behavior but normal auditory and vestibular functions

Author

Wolfgang Löscher, Sven Lindemann, Alexander Kaiser, Hans-Jürgen Hedrich, Alina Lessenich, Dirk Wedekind, and Anne Richter

Subjects
Cochlear Nucleus, Male, Dextroamphetamine, Dopamine, Substantia nigra, Biology, Breeding, Hyperkinesis, Motor Activity, Rats, Mutant Strains, Vestibular nuclei, Animals, Congenic, Basal ganglia, medicine, Animals, Brainstem auditory evoked potential, Sympathomimetics, Swimming, Vestibular system, Brain Chemistry, medicine.diagnostic_test, Behavior, Animal, Pars compacta, General Neuroscience, Ventral Tegmental Area, Vestibular Nuclei, Corpus Striatum, Rats, Ventral tegmental area, Substantia Nigra, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, Rats, Inbred Lew, Auditory Perception, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Female, Neuroscience, medicine.drug
Abstract

Abnormal circling behavior in rodents is usually attributed to vestibular dysfunction. In rats, all circling mutants described previously have inner ear defects resulting in auditory and vestibular dysfunctions. Here, we describe a new mutant rat with abnormal spontaneous circling behavior but normal auditory and vestibular functions. The new circling mutant rat was discovered in progeny of an apparently normal black-hooded (BH) rat inbred line [BH.7A(LEW)/Won] and was termed ci3, because we recently found two other mutant circling rats (ci1 and ci2) in a Lewis (LEW) inbred rat strain. The ci3 mutant is characterized by circling behavior and locomotor hyperactivity, which occur in phases or bursts either spontaneously or in response to stress, e.g., when rats are transferred to a new environment. Video monitoring of undisturbed rats in their home cage during the light and dark periods showed that circling behavior is much more intense during the dark period, i.e., during the active phase of the animals. Most ci3 rats show a lateral preference in their rotational behavior, i.e., they either rotate to the left or to the right. Brainstem auditory evoked potential testing and different tests of vestibular function did not disclose any auditory or marked vestibular defects in ci3 rats. Furthermore, no morphological abnormalities were seen during histological examination of the cochlear and vestibular nuclei in the brainstem. Neurochemical determination of dopamine and dopamine metabolite levels in striatum, nucleus accumbens and substantia nigra showed that ci3 rats have a significant asymmetry in striatal dopamine in that dopamine levels were significantly lower in the hemisphere contralateral to the preferred direction of turning. Consistent with this finding, immunohistological examination of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area yielded a significant laterality in the medial part of substantia nigra pars compacta with a lower density of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the contralateral hemisphere of mutant circling rats, while no laterality was seen in unaffected rats of the background strain [BH.7A(LEW)/Won].Thus, the novel mutant ci3 rat exhibits several features which clearly differ from previously described circling rat or mouse mutants. The behavioral phenotype occurs in the absence of auditory or obvious vestibular defects and is most likely a consequence of lateralized abnormalities found in the nigrostriatal circuit. Apart from the use of ci3 rats for studying the functional lateralization of brain functions, the ci3 mutant may serve as a new model for movement disorders with abnormal lateralization.

Published
2001

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results