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Background Self-tracking technologies are widely used in people’s daily lives and health care. Academic research on self-tracking and the quantified self has also accumulated rapidly in recent years. Surprisingly, there is a paucity of research that reviews, classifies, and synthesizes the state of the art with respect to self-tracking and the quantified self. Objective Our objective was to identify the state of the art of self-tracking and the quantified self in terms of health and well-being. Methods We have undertaken a systematic literature review on self-tracking and the quantified self in promoting health and well-being. After a rigorous literature search, followed by inclusions, exclusions, and the application of article quality assessment protocols, 67 empirical studies qualified for the review. Results Our results demonstrate that prior research has focused on 3 stakeholders with respect to self-tracking and the quantified self, namely end users, patients and people with illnesses, and health care professionals and caregivers. We used these stakeholder groups to cluster the research themes of the reviewed studies. We identified 11 research themes. There are 6 themes under the end-user cluster: user motivation and goal setting, usage and effects of self-tracking, continuance intention and long-term usage, management of personal data, rejection and discontinuance, and user characteristics. The patient and people with illnesses cluster contains three themes: usage experience of patients and people with illnesses, management of patient-generated data, and advantages and disadvantages in the clinical context. The health care professional and caregiver cluster contains two themes: collaboration among patients, health care professionals, and caregivers, and changes in the roles of patients and professionals. Moreover, we classified the future research suggestions given in the literature into 5 directions in terms of research designs and research topics. Finally, based on our reflections on the observations from the review, we suggest four future research directions: (1) users’ cognitions and emotions related to processing and interpreting the information produced by tracking devices and apps; (2) the dark side of self-tracking (eg, its adverse psychosocial consequences); (3) self-tracking as a societal phenomenon; and (4) systemic impacts of self-tracking on health care and the actors involved. Conclusions This systematic literature review contributes to research and practice by assisting future research activities and providing practitioners with a concise overview of the state of the art of self-tracking and the quantified self.

BACKGROUND Self-tracking technologies are widely used in people’s daily lives and health care. Academic research on self-tracking and the quantified self has also accumulated rapidly in recent years. Surprisingly, there is a paucity of research that reviews, classifies, and synthesizes the state of the art with respect to self-tracking and the quantified self. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to identify the state of the art of self-tracking and the quantified self in terms of health and well-being. METHODS We have undertaken a systematic literature review on self-tracking and the quantified self in promoting health and well-being. After a rigorous literature search, followed by inclusions, exclusions, and the application of article quality assessment protocols, 67 empirical studies qualified for the review. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that prior research has focused on 3 stakeholders with respect to self-tracking and the quantified self, namely end users, patients and people with illnesses, and health care professionals and caregivers. We used these stakeholder groups to cluster the research themes of the reviewed studies. We identified 11 research themes. There are 6 themes under the end-user cluster: user motivation and goal setting, usage and effects of self-tracking, continuance intention and long-term usage, management of personal data, rejection and discontinuance, and user characteristics. The patient and people with illnesses cluster contains three themes: usage experience of patients and people with illnesses, management of patient-generated data, and advantages and disadvantages in the clinical context. The health care professional and caregiver cluster contains two themes: collaboration among patients, health care professionals, and caregivers, and changes in the roles of patients and professionals. Moreover, we classified the future research suggestions given in the literature into 5 directions in terms of research designs and research topics. Finally, based on our reflections on the observations from the review, we suggest four future research directions: (1) users’ cognitions and emotions related to processing and interpreting the information produced by tracking devices and apps; (2) the dark side of self-tracking (eg, its adverse psychosocial consequences); (3) self-tracking as a societal phenomenon; and (4) systemic impacts of self-tracking on health care and the actors involved. CONCLUSIONS This systematic literature review contributes to research and practice by assisting future research activities and providing practitioners with a concise overview of the state of the art of self-tracking and the quantified self.

The effect of enhanced filtration on protection citizens staying indoor against airborne radionuclides released during nuclear core melt accidents was determined by field measurements using outdoor particles as simulants. An electrically enhanced filter was installed in the HVAC system of an office building and its removal efficiency for particles was altered by using a separate particle charging section in power on and off positions. The effect of air filtration on indoor particle concentrations was determined by using an automated measurement system which was continuously sampling from the outdoor air, filtered supply air and exhaust air. With the aid of the measured outdoor and modelled indoor concentrations the indoor/outdoor ratio of particles of outdoor origin could be accurately determined. External charging of the particles increased the electret filters removal efficiency for 0.4 µrn size particles from 60% to 95%, resulting in decrease of the average I/O ratio of the same size particles from 0.67 to 0.40. Despite the high improvement in the supply air filtration efficiency the indoor concentrations decreased only modestly which is likely due to the leaky construction of the building, demonstrating the detrimental effect of air infiltration on the protection provided by buildings against outdoor airborne hazards. Practical implications: The developed method allows quantification of the key parameters affecting the protection of buildings against outdoor contaminants, thus allowing accurate estimation of size resolved indoor to outdoor ratios for fine particles. The electrically enhanced filter can remove effectively also submicron particles thus reducing the occupant exposure to outdoor hazardous or harmful materials. Best results can be achieved with airtight buildings.

An increasing part of goods are transported using containers. Containers are the most vulnerable when static, and hence ports and other terminals are key locations in insuring the integrity of containers. Container transport chain monitoring is needed both for supply chain management and security reasons. Authorities demand increased freight visibility in order to assure compliance with the regulations and to avoid import of illicit goods. The paper discusses the technological possibilities to improve the integrity of containers in port related supply chains. Possible solutions are adding monitoring equipment, such as e-seals and tracking devices, monitoring the environment using cameras, improved gate processes. The optimal use of these technologies requires sharing of information between different stakeholders. Based on the assessment of the different measures, a set of recommendations to improve container security related to the implementation of the technologies will be provided.

The concept of ecosystem emanates from ecology and subsequently has been broadly used in business studies to describe and investigate complex interrelationships between companies and other organizations. However, it is widely known that borrowing constructs from natural sciences to social sciences, or vice versa, can be problematic. For example, the use of the ecosystem concept outside its original domain has received criticism. To better understand the essence, applicability and boundaries of the business ecosystem concept, this study conducts a conceptual analysis of a set of concepts used to describe business networks. To this end, we analytically comparing business ecosystem with other prominent concepts, namely industry, population, cluster, inter-organizational network and value network. We then present an illustrative case of an emerging business ecosystem of digital services for real-estate and facility services and scrutinize the applicability of the focal concepts for our case. The results indicate a need for increased conceptual clarity when describing business networks. The results indicate a need for conceptual clarity when describing business networks. We conclude with a synthesis and discuss under what circumstances using the business ecosystem concept may add value for research and practice. The paper contributes to the business ecosystem literature by clarifying the similarities and differences between business ecosystem and other concepts used to describe business networks.

This article discusses electrostatic charging of the NH90 medium transport/utility helicopter and assesses the safety of transported products against electrostatic discharges originated from the helicopter. Key questions were to determine charging characteristics of the composite material body NH90 compared to metal body helicopters as well as the charging levels in typical operating situations and climate conditions in Northern Europe. Most attention was paid to a situation where a load was winched to ground from a levitating helicopter at 40–80 feet altitudes. The measurements were supported with a simplified numeric simulation model and calculations of the charging of the helicopter. According to the study, there is no significant difference in electrostatic charging characteristics between composite body NH90 helicopter and metal body helicopters. The tight grounding net of the NH90 helicopter enables the charge currents to discharge in the same manner as in metal body helicopters. In all measured situations, the electrostatic charging of the NH90 or a person moving inside the helicopter is under the transport requirements depicted in the standard STANAG 4235.

This study discusses risk management tools and the mobile enterprise factory innovation process as a motor for security enhancement using new technological solutions. New technologies provide opportunities for increasing the overall security and safety of shipments by proactive supply chain risk management and introduction of powerful security solutions. Concept development methods, risk management tools and technology expertise were combined to a process that resulted in effective business solutions for enhancing supply chain security. As practical results, this study presents a new risk assessment model, the supply chain security and technology management model, and a case study of a solution for integrity monitoring of shipments.

VTT has developed and installed indoor air measuring systems to determine the efficiency of supply air filtration of buildings in real operational conditions. The systems have been installed in air handling units of buildings in China and in Finland. The systems consist of air sampling, a valve mechanism, particle counters and a computer that controls the system and records the measuring data. The measurement of temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide of the air and pressure difference of the supply air filter is also incorporated. In one of the installations, the measuring data is sent wirelessly to a server, where the data is analysed. The measurement arrangements provide detailed information on the removal efficiency of the filter as a function of particle size. Particle concentration measurements of the supply air and the return air provide ways to assess the indoor/outdoor ratio of the indoor air impurities, leakages in the building envelope as well as indoor sources. The results provided by the system showed that indoor air particle concentration can be reduced significantly. However, this calls for expertise and understanding of the dynamics of the ventilation system. Installing more efficient supply air filters resulted in extremely low particle concentrations in the supply air. In the future, particle concentration, CO2 and energy consumption should be optimized simultaneously in a HVAC control system. The measuring system may have a vital role in monitoring and controlling the operation of more intelligent and cost effective HVAC systems. This is especially true, if the price of the major components of the measuring system continue to decrease.

Increased use of market mechanisms in the delivery of public services is one of the major attempts made by governments to achieve greater efficiency, higher quality and a clearer focus on customers. Information systems (ISs) can promote the adoption of market mechanisms, but they can also preserve a monopolistic and hierarchic model of service delivery. Hence, understanding the competitive implications of information technology (IT) is becoming relevant for managers in the public sector as well. Provides a brief overview of previous research on IT‐based competition and discusses its relevance for public sector management. Then continues to describe a project where six offices of one city co‐operated in developing a shared geographic information system (GIS). While this research is based on an in‐depth analysis of only one case, other researchers have reported similar experiences. It appears that effective use of market mechanisms in the public sector requires new orientation in IS planning and rethinking of the role of IS departments in public sector organisations.