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Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of availableliterature on mental health symptoms in rural and urban regions in Australia. Table S2. Hierarchical modelling showing adjusted odd ratio(aOR) of factors associated with threshold level distress among rural/regional Victorians in Crossroads II study (2016-18, n=741). Table S3. Hierarchical modelling showing adjusted odd ratio(aOR) of factors associated with threshold-level depression using PHQ-9 among rural/regional Victorians in Crossroads II study (2016-18, n=701).

We report a new class of C∧C* platinum(II) complexes in which excimer formation enhances the quantum yield while shortening the phosphorescence lifetime. Selective excitation of the monomer or dimer could be achieved at different wavelengths. These complexes exhibit strong phosphorescent emissions in the blue part of the visible spectrum around 450 nm with quantum yields of up to 93%. The emission behavior is controlled through the steric demand of the substituents at the 2,4-pentanedione ligand. We see dual emission with high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) from monomeric and aggregated excited states.

In this paper, two OLED device concepts are introduced. First, classical phosphorescent green carbene emitters with unsurpassed lifetime, combined with low voltage and high efficiency are presented and the associated optimized OLED stacks are explained. Second, a path towards highly efficient, long-lived deep blue systems is shown. The high efficiencies can be reached by having the charge-recombination on the phosphorescent carbene emitter while at the same time short emissive lifetimes are realized by fast energy transfer to the fluorescent emitter, which eventually allows for higher OLED stability in the deep blue. Device architectures, materials and performance data are presented showing that carbene type emitters have the potential to outperform established phosphorescent green emitters both in terms of lifetime and efficiency. The specific class of green emitters under investigation shows distinctly larger electron affinities (2.1 to 2.5 eV) and ionization potentials (5.6 to 5.8 eV) as compared to the "standard" emitter Ir(ppy) 3 (5.0/1.6 eV). This difference in energy levels requires an adopted OLED design, in particular with respect to emitter hosts and blocking layers. Consequently, in the diode setup presented here, the emitter species is electron transporting or electron trapping. For said green carbene emitters, the typical peak wavelength is 525 nm yielding CIE color coordinates of (x = 0.33, y = 0.62). Device data of green OLEDs are shown with EQEs of 26 %. Driving voltage at 1000 cd/m 2 is below 3 V. In an optimized stack, a device lifetime of LT 95 > 15,000 h (1000 cd/m 2 ) has been reached, thus fulfilling AMOLED display requirements.