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Ecological and economic production of electrical energy through the use ofalternative energy sources is an urgent direction due to the trend of increasing prices of energy carriers used in the electrical energy production and as a result of significant damage of the energy system of Ukraine in consequence of the war on the country territory.It is worth noting that in some areas it is possible to use only autonomous power generation systems, since the laying of electrical networks in these districts is impractical and unprofitable. Usually, the mentioned systems are basedon a combination of a wind or hydro turbine -drive motor, and an electric generator. Such systems are characterized by high resource, reliability, low cost,and complexity of maintenance. Sometimes people's lives and the possibility of communication withthe outside world depend on the operation of an autonomous electric power generation system, which is especially important in the conditions of martial law. At the same time, the lack of stabilization of the hydraulic networkpressureof the water supply system can lead to the household conditions aggravation, the emergency situations occurrence, and the technological process disruption.In view of the mentioned factors, there is a need to measure the pressure of the hydraulic network, which is possible byusing technological coordinatesobserversbuilt on the basis of the artificial networks theory. In the paper a modern turbomechanism electromechanical control systempowered by an alternative electrical energy source under the conditions of pressure stabilization of thehydraulic network when using atechnological coordinatesobserver, namely a pressure estimator, is proposed. A mathematical description of the main elements of the investigatedsystem is given. A hydraulic network pressure observerbased onthe artificial neural networks theory isbuilt and studied. Features of design and training of technological coordinate estimators based on neural networks with feedback are described. The operation of the sensorless system during thepressure stabilization at a given level when the resistance of the hydraulic network changes within the typical daily cycle of water consumption is considered on a specific example. The results and analysis of the investigationof the developed observerin standard and sensorless control systems are shown.

The paper is focused on identifying the advantages and disadvantages of remote education systems in terms of modern requirements to practical skills of future professionals, especially in the engineering field. Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of the already existing distance education models in the context of the pandemic, the need for a fundamentally new remote training scheme has been substantiated. The proposed model allows the students and interns of the shipbuilding profile to master the theoretical backgrounds of shipboard design and engineering and complete all practical tasks, acquiring practical skills in specialized packages of up-to-date shipbuilding CAD systems entirely remotely.This model was tested using a peer-to-peer data exchange technology between three modern information platforms: Moodle, CADMATIC™ and TeamViewer. Advantages of this distance learning model were identified: the possibility of acquiring practical skills in modern computer-aided design systems from anywhere globally through direct interaction of the learner and the teacher in real-time. An appropriate engineering education approach has been developed based on the presented model, enabling the student to acquire needed practical skills and initial experience in ship design using modern three-dimensional CAD in remote mode. The described course prepares the trainees for work at shipbuilding design and production companies in initial engineering positions, namely in ship hull design, structural digital twins, and production information development. A pilot project, "Development and testing of specialised multimedia courses in advanced ship engineering", was implemented at the "Neoteric Naval Engineering Institute" of the Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding. The project results show the high efficiency of using the proposed engineers training model considering modern requirements of employers to future designers and the commercial safety requirements of shipbuilding CAD systems suppliers. The relevance of the results obtained is justified both in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

Minicells, small cells lacking a chromosome, produced by bacteria with mutated min genes, which control cell division septum placement, have many potential uses. Minicells have contributed to basic bacterial physiology studies and can enable new biotechnological applications, including drug delivery and vaccines. Genome-reduced (GR) bacteria are another informative area of investigation. Investigators identified that with even almost 30% of the E. coli genome deleted, the bacteria still live. In biotechnology and synthetic biology, GR bacteria offer certain advantages. With GR bacteria, more recombinant genes can be placed into GR chromosomes and fewer cell resources are devoted to purposes apart from biotechnological goals. Here, we show that these two technologies can be combined: min mutants can be made in GR E. coli. The minCminD mutant GR E. coli produce minicells that concentrate engineered recombinant proteins within these spherical delivery systems. We expressed recombinant GFP protein in the cytoplasm of GR bacteria and showed that it is concentrated within the minicells. We also expressed proteins on the surfaces of minicells made from GR bacteria using a recombinant Gram-negative AIDA-I autotransporter expression cassette. As some autotransporters, like AIDA-I, are concentrated at the bacterial poles, where minicells bud, and because the surface-to-volume ratio of the small minicells is higher than bacteria, recombinant proteins expressed on surfaces of the GR bacteria are concentrated on the minicells. Minicells made from GR bacteria can enable useful biotechnological innovations, such as drug delivery vehicles and vaccine immunogens.

A very simple biocatalytic system for the synthesis of the industrially relevant C2 chemicals (e.g., glycolic acid (3)) from formaldehyde (1) was established by whole-cell biocatalyst. The biocatalytic system consisted of an engineered glyoxylate carboligase from Escherichia coli K-12 (EcGCL) and an aldehyde dehydrogenase (e.g., AldA from E. coli K-12). To improve glycolic acid production, we have investigated metabolic engineering to regulate substrate consumption and product bypass and E. coli-based strain optimization. The target compound was produced at rates of up to 20.3 U/g dry cells with conversions up to 92%. This study will ensure the sustainability of the green energy industry by synthesizing valuable C2 chemical from a single carbon compound, formaldehyde.

Today, the market for educational services is quite congested and requires more detailed external and internal analysis of the activities of universities in order to understand the principles of attracting students. The majority of prospective enrollees to universities have certain selection criteria and the quality of education is one of the main ones. That is why such a competitive factor as a level of preparation of professors requires more detailed consideration from the point of view of personnel management. The level of preparation of the scientific and pedagogical staff includes not only the selection of certain qualifications, but also the motivation and interest in conducting quality classes. Due to the nature of the work, teachers are most susceptible to emotional burnout, so management should always keep in mind ideas aimed at preventing burnout in the collective. The aim of the work is to consider personnel management as a tool for building a competitive position of higher education institutions, to solve the problem of teachers’ burnouts and to provide recommendations for preventing this condition in order to improve the level of preparation of professors. The study carried out the following tasks: the concept of competitive position and its characteristics has been examined; the main factors influencing the competitive position of higher education institutions have been identified; the necessity for quality personnel management to improve the preparation of professors has been established; the issue of burnout as a key issue in the work of university staff has been addressed; the effectiveness of the wellbeing concept and the necessity to apply it as an integral part of the personnel management process to improve the competitive position of universities has been proven. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the analysis of individual factors of competitive position – the quality of education and the level of preparation of professors, the identification of the importance of personnel management in improving the performance of these factors, In addition, recommendations have been made to introduce the concept of wellbeing and to diagnose burnout among teachers in order to strengthen the competitive position of universities

The microstructure and radiation resistance of T91 martensitic steel were studied after thermomechanical treatment. The physical and technological foundations of the process of creating of a nanostructured state in T91 reactor steel have been developed. This structure was received by severe plastic deformation of T91 steel by the multiple “upsetting-extrusion” method (developed at the NSC KIPT) in two temperature ranges of deformation: in the region of austenite existing and with a successive decrease in the deformation temperature and an increase in cycles of “upsetting-extrusion” in the field of ferrite existence. For the further heat treatment the particular temperature range and deformation modes were chosen to obtain optimal structure. Also, the optimum temperature of tempering to receive the uniform structure was established. It was found that the average grain size of T91 steel decreases from 20 μm in the initial state to ~ 140 nm after 5 cycles of “upsetting-extrusion” in the ferrite interval and to ~ 100 nm after 3 cycles of deformation in the austenitic region. It was determined that with an increase in the number of cycles and a decrease in the deformation temperature, a rise in the degree of uniformity of grain size distribution occurs. In this case, the microhardness increases from 2090 MPa to 2850 MPa after 5 cycles of “upsetting-extrusion” in the ferritic interval. In the austenitic region, the microhardness values increase from 3400 to 3876 MPa. The swelling of T91 steel in two structural states, martensitic and ferritic, was determined. Thus, steel swelling at a high dose of irradiation with argon ions with an energy of 1.4 MeV (120 displacements per atom, irradiation temperature 460 ° C) is ΔV / V = 0.26% in the initial state (martensitic structure) and 0.65% for samples with a ferritic structure.

Aims. The main aim of the research is to develop a preliminary offer of special medical tours to Thailand for the citizens of Russian Federation; to evaluate the limits of demand for Thai national medical tour-product in Russia, the potential key features of promotion and sales of Thai medical tours in Russia under the current economic conditions. Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that more than 50 countries of the world see the provision of medical services to international patients as the top-priority area of their national development. Leading approach to the study of this problem is the comparative method that has afforded revealing peculiarities of promoting Thai medical tours and potential sales to foreign patients. Results. The paper identifies the role of medical services in the process of Thai national tourist product differentiation and describes some of the special medical tours in Thailand specifically designed for overseas markets. The authors also evaluate the limit of demand for the national medical tour product of Thailand. Inerpretation. The authors emphasized the importance of promoting an excellent and high-tech service in promoting the Thai wellness product. The article also suggests checking the economic and marketing effectiveness of the business model of a sanatorium in Thailand. This model will be somewhat more expensive than a traditional hotel, but, unlike a hotel, it will have a number of strong competitive advantages in terms of Russian sales and will be able to actively earn additional services. The materials of the paper imply the practical significance for the university teachers of the economic specializations.

Minicells, small cells lacking a chromosome, produced by bacteria with mutated

In recent decades, the estimation of radionuclide and heavy metal levels in culinary-medicinal mushrooms has been of interest because some of them have proven to be hyperaccumulators of toxic elements. This article presents results on radiocesium (137Cs) activity in fruit bodies of medicinal-culinary mushrooms-Agaricus sylvaticus Schaeff., Chlorophyllum rhacodes (Vitt.) Vellinga, Coprinellus micaceus (Bull.) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson, Coprinopsis atramentaria (Bull.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo, Coprinus comatus (O.F. Mull.) Pers., Fistulina hepatica (Schaeff.) With., Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murrill, Leccinum scabrum (Bull.) Gray, Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer, Melanoleuca brevipes (Bull.) Pat., Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm., Xerocomellus chrysenteron (Bull.) Sutara, nonedible Echinoderma asperum (Pers.) Bon, and toxic species Agaricus xanthodermus Genev.-collected in 2015, as well as magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, cadmium, selenium, lead, and mercury content in medicinal-culinary species-Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm., Ch. rhacodes, C. comatus, Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray, Gyroporus cyanescens (Bull.) Quel., L. scabrum, M. procera, P. ostreatus, and X. chrysenteron-collected during 2016-2017 on the southern outskirts of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. The data obtained suggest safe levels of radiocesium and some essential and toxic elements in mushroom fruit bodies. All the investigated species are collective sorbents of magnesium, manganese, copper, and zinc; thus, they represent the source of the intake of these elements in the human body. The species-specific manner of mineral element accumulation was observed. In addition to medicinal values, some species (in particular, M. procera and Ch. rhacodes) are of interest as potential informative bioindicators of heavy metal contamination of the environment.

Significance We report a vaccine platform to express vaccine antigens on the surface of genome-reduced bacteria to enhance vaccine immunogenicity. We demonstrate the utility of this vaccine platform by expressing the highly conserved fusion peptide (FP) of SARS-CoV-2 and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus on the surface of Escherichia coli to produce killed whole-cell bacterial vaccines. The vaccine primes a potent anamnestic response, potentiates interferon-γ responses, and provides significant protection in pigs against disease following virus challenge. The FP could be a target for a broadly protective coronavirus vaccine since a betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 FP vaccine provided cross-protection against alphacoronavirus porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. When using a vaccine-appropriate bacteria vector, this inexpensive vaccine platform offers the potential for use in developing countries., As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rages on, it is important to explore new evolution-resistant vaccine antigens and new vaccine platforms that can produce readily scalable, inexpensive vaccines with easier storage and transport. We report here a synthetic biology-based vaccine platform that employs an expression vector with an inducible gram-negative autotransporter to express vaccine antigens on the surface of genome-reduced bacteria to enhance interaction of vaccine antigen with the immune system. As a proof-of-principle, we utilized genome-reduced Escherichia coli to express SARS-CoV-2 and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) fusion peptide (FP) on the cell surface, and evaluated their use as killed whole-cell vaccines. The FP sequence is highly conserved across coronaviruses; the six FP core amino acid residues, along with the four adjacent residues upstream and the three residues downstream from the core, are identical between SARS-CoV-2 and PEDV. We tested the efficacy of PEDV FP and SARS-CoV-2 FP vaccines in a PEDV challenge pig model. We demonstrated that both vaccines induced potent anamnestic responses upon virus challenge, potentiated interferon-γ responses, reduced viral RNA loads in jejunum tissue, and provided significant protection against clinical disease. However, neither vaccines elicited sterilizing immunity. Since SARS-CoV-2 FP and PEDV FP vaccines provided similar clinical protection, the coronavirus FP could be a target for a broadly protective vaccine using any platform. Importantly, the genome-reduced bacterial surface-expressed vaccine platform, when using a vaccine-appropriate bacterial vector, has potential utility as an inexpensive, readily manufactured, and rapid vaccine platform for other pathogens.

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rages on, it is important to explore new evolution-resistant vaccine antigens and new vaccine platforms that can produce readily scalable, inexpensive vaccines with easier storage and transport. We report here a synthetic biology-based vaccine platform that employs an expression vector with an inducible Gram-negative autotransporter to express vaccine antigens on surface of genome-reduced bacteria to enhance interaction of vaccine antigen with immune system. As a proof of principle, we utilized genome-reducedE. colito express SARS-CoV-2 and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) fusion peptide (FP) on the cell surface, and evaluated their use as a killed whole cell vaccine. The FP sequence is highly conserved across coronaviruses; the 6 FP core amino acid residues along with the 4 adjacent residues upstream and the 3 residues downstream the core are identical between SARS-CoV-2 and PEDV. We tested the efficacy of PEDV FP and SARS-CoV-2 FP vaccines in a PEDV challenge pig model. We demonstrated that both vaccines induced potent anamnestic responses upon virus challenge, potentiated IFN-γ responses, reduced viral RNA loads in jejunum tissue, and provided significant protection against clinical disease. However, neither vaccines elicited sterilizing immunity. Since SARS-CoV-2 FP and PEDV FP vaccines provided similar clinical protection, the coronavirus FP could be a target for a broadly-protective vaccine using any platform. Importantly, the genome-reduced bacterial surface-expressed vaccine platform, when using a vaccine appropriate bacterial vector, has potential utility as an inexpensive, readily manufactured, and rapid vaccine platform for other pathogens.Significance StatementWe report a new vaccine platform to express vaccine antigens on surface of genome-reduced bacteria to enhance vaccine immunogenicity. We demonstrated the utility of this vaccine platform by expressing the highly conserved fusion peptide (FP) of SARS-CoV-2 and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus on the surface ofE.colito produce killed whole cell bacterial vaccines. The vaccine primes a potent anamnestic response, potentiates IFN-γ responses, and provides significant protection in pigs against disease following virus challenge. The FP could be a target for a broadly-protective coronavirus vaccine since a Betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 FP vaccine provided cross-protection against Alphacoronavirus PEDV. When using a vaccine appropriate bacteria vector, this inexpensive new vaccine platform offers the potential for use in developing countries.

The microstructure and mechanical properties of the ferritic-martensitic steel T91 after severe plastic deformation (SPD) and subsequent thermal treatment are investigated. SPD was realized by the method of multiple “upsetting-extrusion” (MUE) in temperature range of stability of ferritic phase (750-575 °C), thermal treatment of SPD specimens was carried out at temperatures 550–730 °C during 1–100 h. It is revealed that decrease of temperature of “upsetting-extrusion” and increase of cycle number to 5 induces the decrease of mean grain size to 145 nm and increase of degree of microstructure homogeneity. At the same time microhardness increases from 1800 MPa to 2850 MPa. Composition, shape, size and density of carbide precipitates in steel after SPD and thermal treatment are determined. Obtained submicron grain ferritic microstructure with high value of microhardness is stable at exposure temperature of 550 °C. It is shown that temperature variation of thermal treatment induces the considerable change in grain size and mechanical characteristics.

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the issues of improving production capacity and mechanization of an enterprise are determined in a modern globalized economy as the ability of enterprises to maintain competitiveness through economic improvement of production processes. In the article, the authors equate the term mechanization with the increase or retention of the modern level of technical equipment of the enterprise. The authors of the article believe that the main task in the enterprise development is to actualize the cost model for the technological equipment of the manufacture and to reduce the costs on manufacturing products. This approach allows us to improve the product quality with a gradual transition to new technological processes. The novelty of the research is the fact that the research is carried out on the example of a technological enterprise of a long production cycle, that allows long-term provide the functioning and development of production, as well as solving the tasks that arise when expanding the assortment and optimization the whole enterprise structure in a whole. The authors of the article conducted a factor analysis and calculation of the effectiveness of the proposed measures. Indicated that should be understood under a structural understanding of increasing the economic structure and the overall efficiency of the enterprise functioning. A promising area of research is the formation of predictive models that will allow predicting the effectiveness of expenses of the company's market position.

Розроблено методологію розрахунку довговічності якірних ланцюгів пасивних систем утримання суден та об'єктів океанотехніки при довготривалій стоянці у відкритому морі з урахуванням вітро-хвильових умов місця експлуатації., Разработана методология расчета долговечности якорных цепей пассивных систем удержаниясудов и объектов океанотехники при долговременной стоянке в открытом море с учетом ветро-волновых условий места эксплуатации., A methodology for calculations of a durability of the anchor chains of passive vessels containment systems and ocean technology objects during a long mooring in a midsea including wind and wave conditions of the operation place is developed.

The scheme of model experiment carrying out is developed for research of ships and marine technology objects multianchor systems of positioning dynamics., Экспериментальное исследование динамики многоякорной системы позиционирования плавучих средств океанотехники., Розроблено схему проведення модельного експерименту для дослідження динаміки багатоякірних систем позиціонування суден та об'єктів океанотехніки.

The usage of the multi-anchor positioning systems on the floating objects of ocean technology, operating in the deep waters of World Ocean, is discussed. The research aim is to define the development trends of the modern passive positioning systems of the deep water drilling platforms and development of the analytical dependences of the anchor mooring systems parameters on the drilling riser size and the water depth in their operation area. The statistical analysis of the technical characteristics of the passive positioning systems of the deep water drilling units is carried out. The analytical dependences of the drilling units parameters on the sea depth in the area of their installation are obtained. The research results can be applied in the design of ships and marine offshore structures, held in the operation area by the multi-anchor systems. The obtained analytical equations allow determining the approximate values of the passive positioning systems parameters, depending on the given sea depth in the location area of marine floating object., Выполнен анализ основных параметров конструкций современных якорных систем технических средств освоения океана (в основном ППБУ) за последние десятилетия. Выведены аналитические зависимости основных параметров якорной системы удержания ППБУ от глубины моря в месте ее установки., Виконано аналіз основних параметрів конструкцій сучасних якірних систем технічних засобів освоєння Світового океану (в основному ППБУ) за останні десятиліття. Виведені аналітичні залежності основних параметрів якірної системи утримання ППБУ від глибини моря в місці її установки.

The method of the fatigue capacity estimation of the weld-fabricated anchor chains of floating ocean technology objects for the definite operation area on the basis of marine heaving equivalent spectrum is researched., Исследована методика оценки усталостной прочности сварных якорных цепей плавучих объектов океанотехники для конкретного района эксплуатации на основе эквивалентного спектра морского волнения., Досліджено методику оцінки втомної міцності зварних якірних ланцюгів плавучих об’єктів океанотехніки для конкретного району експлуатації на основі еквівалентного спектра морського хвилювання.

In the article particularities of the risk control of project works with use of the process approach are investigated. The causal relationship between the business processes risk and work risk are studied. The particularities of critical business processes choice and control point choice are shown., Исследованы особенности контроля рисков работ проекта с использованием процессного подхода, а также причинно-следственная взаимосвязь между рисками бизнес-процессов и рисками работы. Показаны особенности выбора критических бизнес-процессов и точек контроля., Досліджено особливості контролю ризиків робіт проекту з використанням процесного підходу, а також причинно-наслідковий взаємозв'язок між ризиками бізнес-процесів та ризиками роботи. Показано особливості вибору критичних бізнес-процесів та точок контролю.

An estimation model regarding different factors changing influence upon the efficiency of IT systems functioning is suggested. The model was applied to the system during its development and modernisation in terms of the limited financing., Предложена модель оценки влияния изменения различных факторов на эффективность функционирования информационных систем при ее проектировании и модернизации в условиях ограниченного финансирования., Запропоновано модель оцінки впливу зміни різних факторів на ефективність функціонування інформаційних систем при її проектуванні та модернізації в умовах обмеженого фінансування.

Получен метод оценки долговечности якорных канатов многоякорных систем судов и средств океанотехники с учетом накопления усталостных разрушений., Отримано метод оцінки довговічності якірних канатів багатоякірних систем суден та засобів океанотехніки з урахуванням накопичення руйнувань від утомленості., The method of durability estimation of the multy-anchor system anchor lines of vessels and marine technology objects taking into account the fatigue damage accumulation is obtained.