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Tuberculosis remains a pressing public health concern in Indonesia, ranking second globally after India. Factors contributing to Indonesia’s high TB incidence include lengthy treatment, rising HIV/AIDS cases, and multi-drug resistant TB. Effective TB control focuses on targeted screening, avoiding costly mass screening. This study explores early lung TB detection using WHO systematic screening at Tamalate District, Makassar, Indonesia, addressing screening challenges and program management concerns.

Introduction: This study evaluates spiritual needs throughout childbirth of women who are working in higher education setting. Methods: Healthcare professionals have fundamental roles in ensuring the spiritual needs of women throughout childbirth are met. This concurs with the World Health Organization’s definition of health that holistically comprises of physical/biological, psychological/mental, social and spiritual aspects. This study evaluates spiritual needs throughout childbirth of women who are working in higher education setting. Results: A total 80 female staff participated in the study. Three out of the five domains of the spiritual needs scale were found to be the most frequently addressed as interpreted from the mean score. These are: “Finding meaning and purpose” 4.2 (0.6) followed by “Religious needs” 4.1 (0.7) and “Seeking peace” 4.0 (0.6). Those aged 40 and above scored 4.3 (0.8), which is significantly higher (P = 0.048) for “Finding meaning and purpose” compared to other age groups. Those who had four or more children had significantly higher spiritual needs for “Finding meaning and purpose” 4.2 (0.6) and “Seeking peace” 4.4 (0.7) compared to those having one to three children. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that spiritual needs are essential during childbirth. “Finding meaning and purpose” and “Seeking peace” were identified to be the most common spiritual needs during childbirth. As women age and have more children, their spiritual needs increase. This study contributes positively toward the improvement of care, particularly spiritual aspects where evidence is scarce. Keywords: Assessment, Brunei, Childbirth, Women, Spiritual

Introduction: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamase (AmpC-BL) in Enterobacteriaceae are a global threat. Coproduction of AmpC-BL and ESBL reduces therapeutic options, with more resistance against cephamycin and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. This study determines the proportion, incidence, and distribution of AmpC-BL-resistant genes in clinically isolated ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, completing its scarce data in Indonesia. Methods: The samples in this study were ESBL-producing E. coli from blood and urine specimens, confirmed by BD Phoenix semiautomatic examination combined with cefoxitin disk screening method. Confirmation tests of AmpC-BL used the AmpC-disk method and the polymerase chain reaction method. Results: Thirteen (27.8%) of 108 E. coli isolates were nonsusceptible to cefoxitin, and 3 (11.5%) isolates were confirmed to produce AmpC-BL and contained AmpC-BL CITM gene. Of the 3 AmpC-BL and ESBL coproduction isolates, one isolate was a copresentation of ESBL and AmpC-BL genes, namely blaTEM and CITM. Fisher’s exact test showed that the coproduction of AmpC-BL in ESBL-producing isolates was associated with reduced susceptibility to cefoxitin (P = 0.020) and amoxicillin-clavulanate (P = 0.048) compared to isolates producing ESBL alone. The effect of ESBL and AmpC-BL coproduction on reducing susceptibility to carbapenems needs further investigation. Conclusions: AmpC coproduction was found in 3 (2.8%) of 108 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates, and one isolate copresented AmpC-BL and ESBL coding genes blaTEM and CITM. These three isolates were associated with widened antibiotic resistance to cefoxitin and amoxicillin--clavulanate compared to isolates producing ESBL alone.

Most S. aureus infections are multidrug resistant. S. aureus infections often occur with prolonged conditions, causing increased treatment costs and mortality rates. There is a need to understand the antibiotic susceptibility pattern to S. aureus in mothers and infants because the burden of S. aureus infection in infants is high. This study aims to determine the prevalence of nasal carriers of S. aureus in lactating mothers and their infants and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. This cross-sectional study involved 59 pairs of breastfeeding mothers and infants aged 0 to 6 months. The research was conducted in the work area of the South Tangerang City Health Office. We take a nasal swab of the mother and the baby. We used Vitek-2 to determine antibiotic resistance against S. aureus. Overall, we found 22/59 (37%) S. aureus in infants’ noses, 18% of whom were MRSA. In mothers, we found 18/59 (30%) S. aureus isolates and 17% were MRSA. The majority of S. aureus isolates from infants were sensitive to cefoxitin (82%), gentamicin (86%), ciprofloxacin (91%), levofloxacin (95%), moxifloxacin (91%), vancomycin (100%), clindamycin (82%), erythromycin (86%), nitrofurantoin (100%), linezolid (100%) and tetracycline (77%). The majority of S. aureus isolates from mothers are sensitive to cefoxitin (83%), gentamicin (94%), ciprofloxacin (89%), levofloxacin (89%), moxifloxacin (89%), vancomycin (100%), clindamycin (89%), erythromycin (89%), nitrofurantoin (100%), linezolid (100%) and tetracycline (83%). MRSA monitoring of mothers and babies in the community needs to be done to prevent and control the spread.

Sampah kantong plastik merupakan salah satu penyumbang limbah plastik terbanyak sehingga diperlukan adanya alternatif penggunaan material bioplastik yang mudah terurai oleh lingkungan. Kulit jeruk sebagai sisa hasil pertanian memiliki potensi besar untuk diolah menjadi bahan baku material bioplastik. Material bioplastik berpotensi sebagai alternatif pengganti material yang sulit terurai oleh alam. Pada studi ini, limbah kulit jeruk yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioplastik, dirancang menjadi tas belanja dengan metode perancangan SCAMPER agar memiliki kualitas dan fungsi yang memadai. Eksplorasi material bioplastik dengan komposisi kulit jeruk, alginat, serat wol, gliserin, dan minyak kelapa masing-masing 19%, 21%, 3%, 47%, 9% dilakukan dengan metode pengeringan alami pada suhu dan kelembaban yang dikondisikan selama 3 hingga 5 hari dan setelah itu hasil material bioplastik dikarakterisasi menggunakan uji mekanik. Bahan bioplastik dari kulit jeruk memiliki ikatan fisik diantara bahan pembentuk dengan kuat tarik, daya beban, elongasi rata-rata, ketahanan robek masing-masing 1,01 N/mm2, 4,0 N, 87,7%, dan 4,1 N. Rancangan tas belanja dari lembaran kulit jeruk ini memiliki ukuran tas 25,5 x 25 cm dengan lebar tas 7,5 cm, warna oranye alami dengan nilai estetika lebih dibandingkan dengan tas belanja konvensional berbahan dasar kain.

This study focuses on the resolution of divorce conflicts in the modernization era by analyzing arbitration procedures in Islamic law. In light of swift social, cultural, and technological transformations, traditional dispute resolution methods, including divorce, encounter fresh obstacles. Through an examination of existing literature, this research delves into how arbitration, as an alternative dispute resolution mechanism, can be integrated within the Islamic legal framework to tackle divorce conflicts in contemporary times. The analysis underscores the significance of adjusting Islamic legal mechanisms to present-day circumstances while upholding core principles of justice, fairness, and empathy. It deliberates on the role of arbitration in offering a methodical and culturally attuned approach to settling divorce disagreements, taking into consideration factors such as accessibility, gender dynamics, and technological progress. This academic scrutiny offers insights into the potential of arbitration in fostering equity and safeguarding the rights of women and children involved in divorce proceedings. The results emphasize the necessity for further investigation and interdisciplinary cooperation to improve the efficiency and accessibility of arbitration procedures in handling divorce disputes across varied cultural settings.

Objective: This study aims to analyze giant ovarian tumors' clinical and pathological characteristics. Material and Methods: This was an analytical observational study. Medical records of all patients with giant ovarian tumors who underwent surgery between January 2020 and June 2022 at Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, were analyzed. Results: We analyzed 63 patients with ovarian tumors measuring > 20 cm who underwent surgery at Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The mean tumor size was 25.9 cm (largest size was 41 cm). There was no significant difference in tumor size between benign and malignant giant ovarian tumors (p = 0.261). Based on histopathological results, 66.67 % of giant ovarian tumors were malignant, 26.98 % were benign, and 6.35 % were borderline. Among the malignant tumors, the epithelial type accounted for 69 % of cases. Most giant ovarian tumors originated in the left adnexa (68.25 %). There was no significant difference in patient age (p = 0.511), tumor size (p = 0.168), malignancy (p = 0.303), and histopathological type (p = 0.232) regardless of adnexal side. CA125 levels did not differ significantly between malignant and benign giant ovarian tumors (p = 0.604). There was no correlation between malignant ovarian tumor size and CA125 levels, while there was a significant difference between CA125 levels and the adnexal side (p = 0.010). Conclusions: Most giant ovarian tumors were malignant, diagnosed at an early stage, and predominantly epithelial type. CA125 levels did not correlate with the size of malignant ovarian tumors. Most giant ovarian tumors originate in the left adnexa.

Climate change and geographic location affect water availability. Coastal areas in Indonesia generally have drinking water problems because the well water is dry due to the dry season and the water is brackish, as is the case in Sawojajar Village in Brebes Regency, Central Java. On the other hand, the potential for rainwater in Sawojajar Village is quite good. The Brebes Regency Government is planning and implementing a rain harvesting (Gama Rain Filter) with an individual type for people who want to install rainwater harvestings in their homes, and a communal type for people who still want communal rainwater harvestings. This applied research aims to compare the two types. The individual type planning method for harvesting rain is carried out in each house and the communal type planning method is carried out in groups of houses. The planning carried out includes checking the quality and quantity of rainwater, calculating the dimensions of the storage tank, design drawings, and planning and implementation budget plans. The results of this applied research are the quality and quantity of rainwater, the design of individual and communal type rainwater harvestings, and the planning costs and implementation costs required. This research resulted in the conclusion that the individual type rain harvesting is more recommended than the communal type because the individual type costs less to plan and construct, is more flexible in placement, easier to manufacture, and maintains operations more securely.

Abstract Background The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 affects the respiratory system and causes severe acute respiratory infections. Several cultures have influenced the use of home remedies to ease mild symptoms of COVID-19 sometimes alongside conventional medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the usage of COVID-19 home remedies among the adult population in Brunei. Methods The study design was a cross-sectional study using an online survey and distributed nationwide. The statistical analysis of the data included descriptive statistics describing the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, their experience with COVID-19 infection, consumption of general home remedies and COVID-19 home remedy, their practice of COVID-19 home remedy use, and their attitude towards the general use of home remedy. Sub-group analysis including Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test was computed for the variables in relation to the COVID-19 home remedy use and the perceived effectiveness of the types of home remedy. Multivariate analysis including Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was applied to determine the correlations between the factors and outcomes measured. P-value less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results There was a total of 864 eligible responses included in the study. The primary findings showed COVID-19 home remedy was used by 72.2% of the study participants. Most frequently used types of COVID-19 home remedy were cloves (37%), lemon (37%), and honey (23%). There was an infrequent usage of coconut (4.6%), eucalyptus oil (3.7%), habbatussauda (3.5%), traditional/ herbal cough syrup (2.4%), and turmeric (2.2%). The PLS-SEM demonstrated that ‘Experience’ appears to be a central endogenous variable that affects the decision on the use of COVID-19 home remedy. This relationship is mediated by ‘Safety’, ‘Source’, and ‘Opinion’ which have significant contributions to the outcome, accounting for 98.2% of the variance explained (R-square = 0.982). Conclusions The outcome of this study establishes the baseline prevalence of COVID-19 home remedy consumption among Bruneian residents and compared the previous study on Brunei’s general use of traditional medicine. The present findings could help nurses and other healthcare professionals in Brunei understand the practice of Bruneian adults on the consumption of home remedies for COVID-19.

Diffusion models have recently exhibited significant potential in generative modeling, surpassing generative adversarial networks concerning perceptual quality and autoregressive models in density estimation. However, a notable drawback of these models is their slow sampling time, requiring numerous model evaluations to generate high-quality samples. This research proposes a technique termed cyclical diffusion sampling that incorporates cyclical stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) with elucidated diffusion models (EDM) sampler to enhance stability when utilizing a limited number of sampling steps. Cyclical step-size scheduling has been demonstrated to enhance the effectiveness of SGLD in learning complex multimodal distributions. We have shown, via empirical assessments, that cyclical diffusion sampling significantly enhances image quality and markedly decreases inference time. Notably, the method preserves simplicity and requires no alterations to the network architecture, which promotes straightforward reproducibility and seamless integration with current methodologies.

Introduction: Hereditary colorectal cancers (CRC) are associated with early age of disease onset and high risks of developing other cancers. In this study, we estimate the prevalence of hereditary CRC over a 6-year period, and report the socio-demographics and clinical profile of patients in Brunei Darussalam. Methods: A retrospective study of data from 146 patients diagnosed with CRC from January 2017 to December 2022 was obtained from The Brunei Cancer Centre. Suspected or confirmed hereditary CRC patients were flagged from the 146 cases based on microsatellite instability (MSI) assay testing, immunohistochemistry (IHC) four-panel staining on mismatch repair (MMR) genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2, and BRAFV600E test results. Results: Among the 146 patients with CRC, 41.7% (n=61) patients underwent MSI testing where 7.5% (n=11) reported high instability in their microsatellite assay (MSI-H), of which 2 were associated with Lynch syndrome. Among the 11 patients with “suspected” or “confirmed” hereditary colorectal cancer, majority presented with abdominal pain prior to diagnosis (81.8%; n=9), Stage 2 cancer (36.4%; n=4), moderately differentiated tumour (72.7%; n=8), tumour located in caecum (36.4%; n=4) and all patients had surgery as first-line management, with more than half receiving chemotherapy (54.5%; n=6). Conclusion: 7.5% of patients of CRC cases seen at a tertiary cancer centre over a 6-year period was found to have “suspected” or “confirmed” hereditary CRC. The lack of genetic testing performed in local settings may indicate that the actual prevalence may be higher.

Maintenance of machines is highly necessary to prolong the operational lifespan of induction motors. Prioritizing preventive measures is crucial in order to prevent more significant damage to the machinery. One of these measures includes detecting abnormalities, such as misalignment, in the motor shaft. This research is aimed to detect the misalignment of induction motor experimentally by varying the coupling between normal and parallel misalignment. The signal readings were analyzed in the frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The results revealed that in the case of coupling misalignment, a peak appeared at f = 13.5 Hz, whereas in the parallel misalignment condition with a 1 cm misalignment, a peak was found at f+fr = 20 Hz. By utilizing the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) system, normal and parallel conditions can be detected with an accuracy level of 87.5%.

Introduction: The present study investigated the parent’s knowledge, attitude, practice, and experience of the screen time spent by their children at home aged below 5 years old, identifying the common screen-based devices used, content type, and level of screen time spent by the children. Method: A cross-sectional survey of parents having children aged 0 to 4 years old attending the Maternal and Child Health Care Clinics in four districts in Brunei Darussalam was conducted. A questionnaire was developed through the Qualtrics platform. Data were analyzed using R Studio Desktop version 1.2.1335. The statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practice of screen time spent by their children are generally positive; parents who correctly answered the knowledge section overall average of 30.1% (n=34). Children studied (

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing intention to continue using and spreading the word of mouth for e-commerce applications in the gamification context. Design/methodology/approach – Using primary data from an online questionnaire, 219 users of e-commerce applications who played games on e-commerce platforms were gathered as the sample of the research and analysed using structural equation modelling. Findings – The results showed that network exposure from gamification significantly influenced social influence, recognition and reciprocal benefit. However, only social influence and utilitarian shaped attitudes, leading to the intention to continue using the e-commerce platform and spread word of mouth. Recognition, reciprocal benefit and hedonic shopping motivation were not found to significantly influence attitude. Practical implications – This study provides practical recommendations for e-commerce applications in implementing gamification into their platforms. Originality/value – This study delivers a better understanding of the implementation of gamification in e-commerce by examining the in-game social interactions and the shopping behaviour in e-commerce to continue using the platform and spread the word of mouth about the gamification method.

Although Plato has always been revered throughout the history of philosophy, the general trend of philosophy up to the modern era was Aristotelian. Even the Neoplatonists, with the exception of Plotinus, wrote more or less in the Aristotelian style and in form of Aristotelian commentaries. Philosophers knew very little about the authentic or historical Plato; Not only because Plato's writings were transmitted by the Neoplatonists, but also because Plato was understood in a Neoplatonic way. Ficino was the first to try to revive Plato during the Renaissance. However, his efforts did not result in an interpretive change. The real revival of Plato took place in the eighteenth century and in Germany. This revival is understudied in Persian. Though Schleiermacher is known for being one of Plato’s translators, it is not known what happened to Plato from Ficino to Schleiermacher. There is even scarce knowledge about Schleiermacher’s role in Plato scholarship and the process which led to Schleiermacher’s Plato. This article deals with the subject of Plato scholarship up to the emergence of the Romantic Plato. Departing from the conviction that novel philosophical ideas are not born ex nihilo, we will examine the early stages of Plato scholarship in order to recognize the figures whose legacy became the cornerstone of modern Plato scholarship. Thus, we examine the Plato scholarship of Ficino, Brucker, Tiedemann and Tennemann, and try to find out what distinguishes the modern or early modern interpretations from the traditional Plato and what are the grounding canons of modern Plato scholarship.

Abstract Objective To examine nationwide the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals on oral/dental care of pregnant women in Brunei Darussalam. Materials and methods A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted using an online survey of eligible healthcare professionals in all Government Maternal and Child Health Care Clinics, Dental Clinics and Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinics in four hospitals covering the whole of Brunei Darussalam. Participants were given seven days to complete the survey. Sub-group analysis using Chi-square test for independence and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significant association between domains of oral care practices and demographic factors. P values less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 346 healthcare professionals participated in this online study. Most participants (94.3%) responded that they perceived oral health to be of high importance. However, less than two thirds of the participants (59.0%) included oral health questions during antenatal health assessments. Moreover, only 16.2% of participants frequently discussed the importance of oral care with their antenatal patients. Conclusions In this survey, most healthcare professionals viewed oral health to be of high importance for prenatal/antenatal patients. However, not all put those views into practice with regard to oral care in pregnant women.

Background: Vaccinations are considered to be most effective solution to end a pandemic. Various issues develop inclusively regarding doubts about vaccines, which can be formed by various factors, such as social and cultural environment. Aims: This study aims to analyze factors that affect willingness to accept (WTA) COVID-19 vaccine in four dominant cultural areas in East Java (Arek, Madura, Mataraman and Pandalungan) and analyze what factors influence satisfaction of vaccination. Methods: This is quantitative research which analyzes 825 participants (40% men; 60% women). By using primary data the probit regression method is applied. We use dummy variables of WTA and level of satisfaction as dependent variables, while the independent variables include economic, health, socio-demographic and internal-external factors of vaccination program. Results: This research showed different results in each cultural area; WTA of vaccines was influenced by income, assets, employment, health, education, gender, and age, while satisfaction with vaccines is associated with side effects, type of vaccine, and time of service (AOR: 0.31 to 0.56, αlpha: 1%-10%). Conclusion: This study concludes that people of Arek and Mataraman tend to be willing and satisfied with vaccination, while Madura and Pandalungan show an opposite result due to lower accessibility, welfare, and culture. Keywords: COVID-19, East Java cultural areas, satisfaction, vaccine, willingness to accept

Pendidikan merupakan aspek penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan memiliki peran yang sangat vital untuk menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang handal dan berkualitas dalam menghadapi berbagai tantangan pada era modernisasi. Namun, putus sekolah dan retensi siswa menjadi tantangan serius bagi perkembangan pendidikan saat ini. Salah satu faktor pemicu putus sekolah adalah kinerja akademik siswa yang rendah, mendorong perlunya tindakan pencegahan yang efektif untuk mengurangi tingkat kegagalan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memprediksi kinerja akademik siswa dengan mengintegrasikan metode Correlation-Based Feature Selection (CFS) dan Algoritma Naïve Nayes pada gabungan dataset pelajaran Matematika dan Bahasa Portugis dua sekolah menengah di Portugal. Proses preprocessing data melibatkan integrasi data, pelabelan data, transformasi data, dan pembersihan data diterapkan pada tahap awal penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atribut signifikan yang mempengaruhi kinerja akademik siswa meliputi G2, G1, Higher, Medu, Studytime, goout, Absences, dan Failures. Melalui pemodelan algoritma Naïve Bayes, metode CFS terbukti meningkatkan nilai accuracy, recall, precision, dan f1-score dalam memprediksi kinerja akademik siswa. Sebelum CFS, model Naïve Bayes menunjukkan accuracy sebesar 89.27%, dengan recall, precision, danf1-score masing-masing sebesar 89.27%, 89.86%, dan 89.47%. Setelah implementasi CFS, evaluasi model prediksi mengalami peningkatan signifikan menjadi 91.22%, 91.22%, 92.24%, dan 91.48%.

Objectives: Cervical cancer is a major health concern in developing countries. Access to preventive measures is limited in low- and middle-income countries, and cervical cancer is often identified at an advanced stage of the disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate when patients were first diagnosed and received treatment at a large hospital in Indonesia. Methods: Data were collected using a questionnaire from outpatient visits and descriptively analyzed. Totally, 215 cervical cancer patients being treated at the Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital's gynecological oncology outpatient clinic in Indonesia between August and October 2022 were included. Results: Most patients were 51–60 years old (36.3 %), housewives (87 %), and had an elementary school education level (50 %). Most (88.4 %) admitted they were unaware about cervical cancer prevention, and 85.6 % never underwent screening. Most cervical biopsies were performed at primary hospitals (42.3 %). Fear of cancer treatment was the most frequent reason for patients arriving late at tertiary hospitals (50 %). Treatment delays occurred because patients had to visit two healthcare facilities before visiting a tertiary hospital (47.4 %). Most patients were diagnosed with stage III cancer (38.1 %), and chemotherapy was administered as the first-line therapy (96.3 %). Most patients (51.2 %) received their first therapy >12 months after initial symptom onset. Conclusions: Most cervical cancer patients were diagnosed at a late stage owing to a lack of information regarding early symptoms and irregular screenings. Treatment was delayed owing to social barriers. Therefore, the government should have more strict policies to implement cervical cancer detection and prevention.

The research started with teacher problems in carrying out learning activities in schools. The research objective was to determine the contribution of the principal's leadership style to teacher performance, the contribution of work motivation to teacher performance, and the contribution of the principal's leadership style and work motivation together to teacher performance. This research is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The population of this study were all teachers of public elementary schools in Ampek Nagari District, totaling 215 people from 23 schools. The sampling technique used the Cochran formula with an error rate of 5%, so a sample of 85 people was obtained. The instrument is used by distributing questionnaires on a Likert scale. The data obtained were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 25.0. The results of the descriptive analysis of teacher performance are 66.67%, the principal's leadership style is 67.08% and work motivation is 66.62%. The results of the data analysis show that there is a contribution of the principal's leadership style to teacher performance by 27.2%, there is a contribution of work motivation to teacher performance by 32%, there is a contribution between the principal's leadership style and work motivation together on teacher performance by 42 .4%.

Previous studies suggest that competition and motivation are reliable predictors of academic dishonesty. However, little is known about the role of situational factors in predicting academic dishonesty. Some studies have found that online learning is more prone to academic dishonesty, but others have found the opposite. This study focuses on academic dishonesty, how it relates to competitive orientation and motivation, and how that differs in two class modes (online vs offline). This study was conducted in Indonesia during early 2022, transitioning from online learning due to the Covid-19 pandemic to normal-offline learning. A total of 404 university students participated in this study. Most participants (74.2%) reported they cheated more frequently in online than in offline learning. The independent sample t-test indicated that students in the online learning group showed higher academic dishonesty than students in the offline learning group. Latent regression analysis showed that amotivation, hypercompetitive orientation, and learning mode are significant predictors of academic dishonesty. These findings imply that transitioning from offline to online learning during the pandemic negatively affected academic integrity.

This study investigated physical activity (PA) levels in Thai university students and their associated factors at multiple levels. Data of 3,930 university students age ≥18 years analyzed in this study were retrieved from a cross-sectional online survey, namely the ASEAN University Network – Health Promotion Network (AUN–HPN) health behavioral survey. The hierarchical generalized linear model considering clustering effects was applied to examine factors associated with sufficient PA across multiple levels. At the individual level, being female, underweight, and overweight had significantly lower odds of having sufficient PA. Sophomores had 22 % greater odds compared with freshmen. Students engaging in 1–3 and 4–6 sports activities had 3 and almost 4 times respectively higher odds of having sufficient PA. Students engaged in >8 h of sedentary time, and consumed adequate amounts of fruit/vegetables had 70 % and 59 % respectively higher odds of having sufficient PA. At the environmental level, students who traveled inactively to/from university, attended a university with private recreational facilities, and a university that adopted the healthy university framework (HUF) had significantly greater odds of having sufficient PA. A majority of university students were sufficiently physically active, despite gender disparity. When promoting PA among them, focus may be targeted at females and sophomores, and consider addressing the number of sports activities engaged, fruit/vegetable consumption, availability of private university recreational facilities, and adoption of the HUF. The results support the implementation of the AUN–HPN HUF, and future initiatives within the country and the wider network for health and PA promotion.

Quarter-life crisis is a psychosocial crisis in which individuals are vulnerable to experiencing psychological distress. One contributor to such distress is uncertainty intolerance, while personal growth initiative is a factor that can reduce it. This study examines Personal Growth Initiative (PGI) in determining the effect of uncertainty intolerance on psychological distress in individuals experiencing a quarter-life crisis. A total of 309 participants were selected through a screening process using the Quarter-life Crisis Questionnaire. The participants completed the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, General Health Questionnaire-12, and Personal Growth Initiative Scale. Moderation regression analysis was performed using the Hayes PROCESS Macro. The results indicate that personal growth initiative buffers the effect of uncertainty intolerance on psychological distress in individuals experiencing a quarter-life crisis (B = -0.193, p = .003, R2 = .117), but with differences shown based on age and gender categories. Based on the findings, it is necessary to build personal growth initiative skills, which will assist individuals in achieving and maximizing their potential and adapting well when faced with conditions of uncertainty.

Abstract Cyclic phosphatidic acid (cPA) is a lipid mediator, which regulates adipogenic differentiation and glucose homeostasis by suppressing nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Glycerophosphodiesterase 7 (GDE7) is a Ca2+-dependent lysophospholipase D that localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum. Although mouse GDE7 catalyzes cPA production in a cell-free system, it is unknown whether GDE7 generates cPA in living cells. Here, we demonstrate that human GDE7 possesses cPA-producing activity in living cells as well as in a cell-free system. Furthermore, the active site of human GDE7 is directed towards the luminal side of the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutagenesis revealed that amino acid residues F227 and Y238 are important for catalytic activity. GDE7 suppresses the PPARγ pathway in human mammary MCF-7 and mouse preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting that cPA functions as an intracellular lipid mediator. These findings lead to a better understanding of the biological role of GDE7 and its product, cPA.

Abstract Traditional Food Knowledge (TFK) is needed to define the acculturation of culture, society, and health in the context of food. TFK is essential for a human’s cultural, economic, and health aspects. Variations of ethnicity, culture, and lifestyle affect the diversity of traditional Indonesian food. Recognition of food is needed to maintain the sustainability of traditional food. Nowadays, there are many food dataset collections, but there needs to be a dataset that specifically collects standard food datasets. Our main contributions to the TFK research field are professional food image data acquisition, innovative development of an automatic, scalable food recognition system, and multi-process inference service. There are 34 variations of traditional foods from all regions in Indonesia that were acquired in this dataset. The dataset comprises 1644 high-quality images captured by professional cameras and 1020 by a smartphone. Several deep learning models are implemented in food recognition systems. This system can accommodate the addition and reduction of food variations in the knowledge recognition system and is capable of multiple concurrent requests at a time. The current prototype incorporates traditional types of food from Indonesia. However, the food model can also be expanded to other countries traditional foods. The automatic recognition systems are evaluated using several deep-learning network models. The experiment results have shown that the AUROC score is 0.99, and the request success rate can be improved by 70% with a multiprocess inference service.

Abstract Objective To explore compliance with removable orthodontic retainer wear among patients who had completed fixed appliance orthodontic treatments. Materials and methods A cross-sectional online survey was distributed to patients who had completed orthodontic treatment at the government orthodontic clinics. The response rate was 54.9%, 663 questionnaires were distributed and 364 responses were received. Demographic information was collected, and questions regarding types of retainers prescribed, instructed and actual wear times, satisfaction levels, and reasons for wearing and not wearing retainers. Chi Square, Fisher’s Exact tests and Independent T-Test were used to detect significant associations between variables. Results Respondents under 20 years old and employed were the most compliant. The mean satisfaction levels of Hawley Retainer and Vacuum-Formed Retainer were reported to be 3.7 (P = 0.565). About 28% of those in both groups stated that they wear them to maintain their teeth straight. 32.7% of Hawley retainer wearers reported not wearing their retainers due to speech difficulties. Conclusion Age and employment status were the variables that determined compliance. There was no significant difference in the satisfaction levels between the two retainer types. Most respondents wear their retainers to keep their teeth straight. Discomfort and forgetfulness were the primary reasons for not wearing retainers, besides speech difficulties.

Breast cancer is the fifth-ranked cancer globally. Despite early diagnosis and advances in treatment, breast cancer mortality is increasing. This meta-analysis aims to examine all possible prognostic factors that improve/deteriorate breast cancer-specific survival. MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Ovid, and Google Scholar were systematically searched until September 16, 2023. The retrieved studies from 1995 to 2022 accumulated 1,386,663 cases from 30 countries. A total of 13 out of 22 prognostic factors were significantly associated with breast cancer-specific survival. A random-effects model provided a pooled estimate of the top five poorest prognostic factors, including Stage 4 (HR = 12.12; 95% CI: 5.70, 25.76), followed by Stage 3 (HR = 3.42, 95% CI: 2.51, 4.67), a comorbidity index ≥ 3 (HR = 3.29; 95% CI: 4.52, 7.35), the poor differentiation of cancer cell histology (HR = 2.43; 95% CI: 1.79, 3.30), and undifferentiated cancer cell histology (HR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.66, 3.01). Other survival-reducing factors include positive nodes, age, race, HER2-receptor positivity, and overweight/obesity. The top five best prognostic factors include different types of mastectomies and breast-conserving therapies (HR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.70), medullary histology (HR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.72), higher education (HR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.77), and a positive estrogen receptor status (HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.94). Heterogeneity was observed in most studies. Data from developing countries are still scarce.

The Neoplatonic notion of “emanation” implies a required progression through hierarchical stages, originating from the highest principle (the One or God) and cascading down through a series of principles. While this process is deemed necessary, it is also inherently good, even “choiceworthy”, aligning with the identification of the first principle with the Good. Plotinus, a prominent Neoplatonist, emphasizes the beauty and goodness of the sensible world, governed by divine providence. This perspective, transmitted through Arabic adaptations of Plotinus, influences Islamic philosophers too. This paper delves into the thought of the Ismāʿīlī philosopher Abū Yaʿqūb al-Sijistānī (d. after. 349/971), exploring the interplay of necessity and goodness in his cosmology, with a focus on non-human animals. Sijistānī’s Persian Uncovering the Veiled provides a unique perspective on animals, presenting them as both necessary unfoldings of the universal intellect and inherently good beings with intrinsic value. The paper concludes with an appendix featuring an improved edition and English translation of relevant passages.

In 2016, the Ministry of Health Brunei Darussalam introduced the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Handbook, replacing the card-type record. Despite its implementation, the handbook's utility remains unexamined. This study aims to evaluate the community's usage of the MCH handbook and explore the connections between age, education, and handbook utilization. A cross-sectional study employed an online self-administered survey among pregnant women attending routine antenatal checkups at 32 weeks gestation between December 2020 and January 2021. The survey used the MCH Usefulness Questionnaire, and subgroup analysis was conducted. The study included 73 mothers. Most participants reported having sufficient time to read the handbook (95.9%), being familiar with its content (89.0%), and feeling satisfied with its usage (93.2%). Reasons for not using the handbook included "online availability of the same information" (20.5%), difficulty in understanding certain words (17.8%), preference for more visual content (12.3%), and inadequate encouragement from healthcare providers (12.3%). The majority of mothers perceive the handbook as useful. Nonetheless, further investigation is necessary to delve into their perceptions and ensure the handbook's sustained relevance and effectiveness over time.

Cocoa farmers in this area were not familiar with post-harvest processing, usually, the cocoa bean was sold directly without any fermentation. This public service objective provides information on good quality control of cocoa plant beans, such as fermentation pH, sorting, and contained water content. Followed to improve the knowledge about fermented cocoa bean's characteristics, especially about fine flavor cocoa (FFC) which has a flavor profile and also several active compounds for healthy. Data collection was carried out by filling out questionnaires from 25 farmer respondents. The results of the service showed that as many as 52% of the respondents have been cocoa farmers for more than 5 years. Most of the cocoa farmers produced more than 500 kg/harvest. Many farmers do not ferment cocoa beans because the fermentation process takes a long time, while farmers want to sell cocoa beans quickly. This causes the selling price of cocoa beans to become low.

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Active health screening for CRC yielded detection of an increasingly younger adults. However, current machine learning algorithms that are trained using older adults and smaller datasets, may not perform well in practice for large populations. Aim To evaluate machine learning algorithms using large datasets accounting for both younger and older adults from multiple regions and diverse sociodemographics. Methods A large dataset including 109,343 participants in a dietary-based colorectal cancer ase study from Canada, India, Italy, South Korea, Mexico, Sweden, and the United States was collected by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. This global dietary database was augmented with other publicly accessible information from multiple sources. Nine supervised and unsupervised machine learning algorithms were evaluated on the aggregated dataset. Results Both supervised and unsupervised models performed well in predicting CRC and non-CRC phenotypes. A prediction model based on an artificial neural network (ANN) was found to be the optimal algorithm with CRC misclassification of 1% and non-CRC misclassification of 3%. Conclusions ANN models trained on large heterogeneous datasets may be applicable for both younger and older adults. Such models provide a solid foundation for building effective clinical decision support systems assisting healthcare providers in dietary-related, non-invasive screening that can be applied in large studies. Using optimal algorithms coupled with high compliance to cancer screening is expected to significantly improve early diagnoses and boost the success rate of timely and appropriate cancer interventions.

Producing deep neural network (DNN) models with calibrated confidence is essential for applications in many fields, such as medical image analysis, natural language processing, and robotics. Modern neural networks have been reported to be poorly calibrated compared with those from a decade ago. The stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) algorithm offers a tractable approximate Bayesian inference applicable to DNN, providing a principled method for learning the uncertainty. A recent benchmark study showed that SGLD could produce a more robust model to covariate shifts than other competing methods. However, vanilla SGLD is also known to be slow, and preconditioning can improve SGLD efficacy. This paper proposes eigenvalue-corrected Kronecker factorization (EKFAC) preconditioned SGLD (EKSGLD), in which a novel second-order gradient approximation is employed as a preconditioner for the SGLD algorithm. This approach is expected to bring together the advantages of both second-order optimization and the approximate Bayesian method. Experiments were conducted to compare the performance of EKSGLD with existing preconditioning methods and showed that it could achieve higher predictive accuracy and better calibration on the validation set. EKSGLD improved the best accuracy by 3.06% on CIFAR-10 and 4.15% on MNIST, improved the best negative log-likelihood by 16.2% on CIFAR-10 and 11.4% on MNIST, and improved the best thresholded adaptive calibration error by 4.05% on CIFAR-10.

Fluid reasoning (Gf) is a central component of human abilities and has been shown to be statistically indistinguishable from general cognitive ability. However, measuring fluid reasoning is not that easy since the operationalization of the construct itself is not conclusive. This situation is exacerbated if the measurements and comparisons are carried out in groups with different cultural and language abilities. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the fluid reasoning construct as well as measurement practices that have been carried out in Indonesia. My review would mention the positioning of fluid reasoning in several intelligence theories, how researchers conceptualize fluid reasoning, how researchers measure fluid reasoning in a multicultural context, and outline critical future directions for test development. In conclusion, I emphasize the importance of using a multi-processes figural fluid reasoning test as a proxy for a culture fair intelligence test that can be used in cross-cultural assessments.

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) is one of the many spices that grow on the Asian continent, especially Southeast and South Asia, which can be utilized to its full potential, especially the antioxidant compounds contained in curcuminoids. This study aims to determine the effect of different forms of turmeric, powder and fresh, on the extraction using the reflux extraction method and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method (2,2-Diphenyl-1-PicrylHydrazyl). The reflux extraction process was carried out using distilled water with three variations of sample forms, turmeric powder, fresh turmeric (grated turmeric and pieces of turmeric) with a solute/solvent ratio (w/v) (1:5). The viscous extract in the form of a paste was obtained after the distillation process and solvent evaporation. The best extracts and essential oils obtained were extracts from powdered turmeric samples with yields of 8.28 (% w/w) and essential oils of 0.44 g, which were clearer than the other two samples. The analysis showed that the sample of turmeric with the highest antioxidant activity was a sample of freshly grated turmeric with an IC50 value of 114.7 ppm with a moderate level of antioxidant activity. The cut turmeric sample has an IC50 value of 158.3 ppm, which is included in the weak antioxidant activity. The powdered turmeric sample has an IC50 value of 134.1 ppm with moderate strength.

Abstract Introduction Identification of the second mesiobuccal canal (MB-2) in maxillary molars is considered an endodontic concern of many practitioners due to its complex morphology. The use of Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is a necessity for easier location of this elusive canal during endodontic treatment. Aim To study the prevalence of the MB-2 canal in the maxillary first and second molars amongst the Bruneian population. Materials and methods A retrospective study involving a review of scans taken from a CBCT scanner (J Morita; Veraviewepocs 3D R100 Panoramic/Cephalometric) over a 5-year period, from May 2016 to May 2021 was carried out. A total of 342 maxillary molars were evaluated independently by two observers. Any contradicting outcomes were discussed by both observers until a consensus was reached. In addition, the correlation of MB-2 canals with gender and age were calculated using the chi-squared test. Results The prevalence of MB-2 canal in the maxillary first and second molars are 51.3% and 29.8% respectively. Both males and females have a similar prevalence of MB-2 canals in the maxillary first and second molars. The incidence of MB-2 canals in both maxillary first and second molars significantly decreases with increasing age. No significant correlation between the prevalence of MB-2 canals with different gender groups in the population. Conclusions It is crucial for clinicians to identify the presence of MB-2 canals when performing endodontic treatment of the maxillary first and second molars. Varying prevalence has been reported for different populations. Recognising this wide-ranging prevalence amongst different populations will allow for greater predictability in ensuring endodontic treatment success.

There is a rapid increase in energy demand across several developing economies all over the world. This can be attributed to population growth, industrialization, urbanization, globalization, and occasional unforeseen events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, in which operations, functions, and activities are mostly executed virtually. With a major transition to renewables by developed economies to meet their energy obligations and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, developing economies are left with no choice but to join the transition in a bid to uphold the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 13 (SDG13-Climate Action). This study has identified and prioritized barriers to renewable energy transition in developing economies. The Hybrid Structural Interaction Matrix (HSIM) was utilized to employ the weight based prioritization model with hierarchical structural layout of the interacting renewable energy transition barriers. This study will be of great benefit to policymakers and academics in making informed decisions on measures to fast-track the transition to renewables in developing economies by considering weighted prioritized driving forces for optimum resource allocation.

Abstract Background This study investigated, through cluster analysis, the associations between behavioural characteristics, mental wellbeing, demographic characteristics, and health among university students in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) University Network – Health Promotion Network (AUN-HPN) member universities. Methods Data were retrieved from a cross-sectional self-administered online survey among undergraduate students in seven ASEAN countries. A two-step cluster analysis was employed, with cluster labels based on the predominant characteristics identified within the clusters. The ‘healthy’ cluster was assigned as the reference group for comparisons using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results The analytic sample size comprised 15,366 university students. Five clusters of student-types were identified: (i) ‘Healthy’ (n = 1957; 12.7%); (ii) ‘High sugary beverage consumption’ (n = 8482; 55.2%); (iii) ‘Poor mental wellbeing’ (n = 2009; 13.1%); (iv) ‘Smoker’ (n = 1364; 8.9%); and (v) ‘Alcohol drinker’ (n = 1554; 10.1%). Being female (OR 1.28, 95%CI 1.14, 1.45) and being physically inactive (OR 1.20, 95%CI 1.04, 1.39) increased the odds of belonging to the ‘High sugary beverage consumption’ cluster. Being female (OR 1.21, 95%CI 1.04, 1.41), non-membership in a sports club (OR 1.83, 95%CI 1.43, 2.34) were associated with ‘Poor mental wellbeing’. Obesity (OR 2.03, 95%CI 1.47, 2.80), inactively commuting to campus (OR 1.34, 95%CI 1.09, 1.66), and living in high-rise accommodation (OR 2.94, 95%CI 1.07, 8.07) were associated with membership in the ‘Smoker’ cluster. Students living in The Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam had a higher likelihood of being alcohol drinkers, compared with those who lived in Brunei. Conclusions ASEAN university students exhibited health-risk behaviours that typically clustered around a specific health behaviour and mental wellbeing. The results provided support for focusing interventions on one dominant health-risk behaviour, with associated health-risk behaviours within clusters being potential mediators for consideration.

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. This review aimed to summarise evidence on the key features, usability and benefits of CVD risk calculators using digital platforms for CVDs prevention and management in populations. Methods We used search engines and thematic analyses to conduct a scoping review. As the reporting guideline for this review, we used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Results A total of 17 studies meeting eligibility criteria were included in the analysis, from which about 70% of the studies have prognostic level I (n = 8) and level II (n = 4) evidence. The review found that various guidelines are recommending different algorithms for CVD risk prediction. The QRISK® was the most accurate CVD risk calculator for several study populations, whereas World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) risk scores were the least accurate. The key features of CVD risk calculators are variables, predictive accuracy, discrimination index, applicability, understandability, and cost-effectiveness. Conclusion For the selected risk prediction tool, development and validation research must be done, which considers a mix of stroke-specific risk and CVD risk to establish its usability in the local community and advantages to the particular health-care environment. To get healthcare professionals more involved in preventing and treating CVDs, each healthcare setting should use an online CVD risk assessment tool that is more useful, accurate, and easy to use, based on the population and health system.

Multiple myeloma is a neoplastic proliferation of immunoglobulin-producing plasma cells with clinical features resulting from infiltration of plasma cells into bones and other organs. Multiple myeloma manifesting as an apical lung mass is less common and very few cases have been reported. We report the case of a 50-year-old female who presented with an apical lung mass which happened to be multiple myeloma arising from the upper ribs into the lung. At the time of diagnosis, patient had axillary lymph node metastasis with extensive bony involvement. This case report and literature review provides insight to a rare but significant presentation of multiple myeloma and highlights the need to consider multiple myeloma as a possible differential for Pancoast tumor in the appropriate clinical setting as this could potentially affect management options and patient outcome.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of mini-craniotomy for evacuation of mix-density subdural hematoma in terms of early clinical outcome. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Neurosurgery Department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2020. Methodology: Eighty patients with mixed-density subdural hematoma were included in the study. All were subjected to minicraniotomy under general anaesthesia. Post-operative Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was monitored and compared with the preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) to see the early clinical outcome of the patients. Results: Out of 80 patients with mixed-density subdural, 38(47.5%) were females, whereas 42(52.5%) were males. The mean age of the patients was 70.9±6.98 years. Improvement in Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) after 24hrs showed that 68(85%) patients had a favourable outcome, while 12(15%) had the same condition post-operatively. Conclusion: Mini-craniotomy is a suitable surgical procedure for the treatment of mixed-density subdural hematoma.

This study aims to develop a Learning Media Booklet with the theme of Diversity of Professions and Their Roles, and to examine students' learning interest when using the booklet media. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) Model developed by Brog & Gall, simplified into 7 stages, including (1) pre-survey, (2) initial planning, (3) development of initial product, (4) initial product expert testing, (5) revision of initial product, (6) main field trial, and (7) evaluation of final product. The instructional media trial was conducted at Ma'arif Bulusari Islamic Elementary School, Bumi Ratu Nuban Subdistrict, Central Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. The average ratings given by content experts, media experts, and language experts are 3.77, 3.66, and 3.85, respectively, which are categorized as very good, appropriate, and highly appropriate, in that order. The results of the student's learning interest test indicate a significant difference between using the instructional media booklet and not using the booklet, with an increase of 86.43% when using the instructional media booklet. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Diversity of Professions and Their Roles Learning Booklet meets the criteria for usability and can be tested in the third-grade class of Ma'arif Bulusari Islamic Elementary School.

Abstract This study aims to explore the views of Sheikh Yusuf Al Qaradawi on Thibbun Nabawy (Prophet Medicine). One of the recent Muslim trends is the revival of thibbun nabawy. And one of the other sides, is denying modern medicine that comes from the west. This extreme attitude has given rise to many difficulties among Muslims in terms of the health and safety of the human soul. This research method uses library research . This research aims to determine whether Thibbun Nabawi is a human scientific experiment or is he part of a divine revelation. Sheikh Yusuf Al Qaradawy as a contemporary scholar has an interesting perspective on this theme. The results of the study show that the hadiths about the thibbun nabawi are not placed as tasyri as the arguments about prayer, fasting and zakat. So that treatment can be adapted to the times, and that includes the spirit of thibbun nabawi. The contribution of this research is that Muslims are not worried about using modern medical treatment, because this assumption is different from thibbun nabawi. Keywords: thibbun nabawi, modern medicine, Yusuf Al Qaradawi. Abstraksi Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali pandangan Syekh Yusuf Al Qaradhawi tentang Thibbun Nabawy(Kedokteran Nabi). Salah satu tren umat Islam akhir-akhir ini adalah kebangkitan kembali thibbun nabawy. Dan salah satu sisi lainnya, adalah mengingkari pengobatan modern yang berasal dari Barat. Sikap ekstrem tersebut telah melahirkan banyak kesulitan di tengah umat Islam dari sisi kesehatan dan keselamatan jiwa manusia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menempatkan thibbun nabawi, apakah dia sebagai percobaan ilmiah manusia ataukah ia bagian dari wahyu ilahi. Syekh Yusuf Al Qaradhawy sebagai ulama kontemporer memiliki perspektif menarik terkait tema ini. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hadits-hadits tentang thibbun nabawi tidak ditempatkan sebagai tasyri sebagaimana dalil-dalil tentang sholat, puasa dan zakat. Sehingga pengobatan bisa disesuaikan dengan perkembangan zaman, dan itu termasuk ruh dari thibbun nabawi. Kontribusi dari penelitian ini adalah umat Islam tidak waswas menggunakan pengobatan medis modern, karena anggapan itu menyelisihi thibbun nabawi. Kata kunci : thibbun nabawi, kedokteran modern, Yusuf Al Qaradhawi.

This study investigated the failure of the Blank Holder Force (BHF) control in the outside bracket for the front seat. The production process involved progressive dies consisting of nine stations: first pierce, first trim, second trim, idle, flange, idle, second pierce, idle, and parting. However, at the 7th-9th station, the pilot hole in the product deforms into an oval shape, which is undesirable. Gemba-Kaizen methods were used in this study, and primary data were collected by comparing the design and actual progressive dies. The results showed that product defects are primarily caused by an unbalanced BHF and inadequate piercing clearance. A uniform distribution of force during the forming process is obtained by reducing the spring number on the blank holder. This reduces the force generated during the process. Furthermore, the die clearance was increased from 0.01 mm to 0.1 mm, making press and die alignment less critical and requiring less cutting and stripping forces

Seaweeds, also known as edible marine algae, are an abundant source of phytosterols, carotenoids, and polysaccharides, among other bioactive substances. Studies conducted in the past few decades have demonstrated that substances derived from seaweed may be able to pass through the blood–brain barrier and act as neuroprotectants. According to preliminary clinical research, seaweed may also help prevent or lessen the symptoms of cerebrovascular illnesses by reducing mental fatigue, preventing endothelial damage to the vascular wall of brain vessels, and regulating internal pressure. They have the ability to control neurotransmitter levels, lessen neuroinflammation, lessen oxidative stress, and prevent the development of amyloid plaques. This review aims to understand the application potential of marine algae and their influence on brain development, highlighting the nutritional value of this “superfood” and providing current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms in the brain associated with their dietary introduction.

Abstract Background Although books and articles guiding the methods of sample size calculation for prevalence studies are available, we aim to guide, assist and report sample size calculation using the present calculators. Results We present and discuss four parameters (namely level of confidence, precision, variability of the data, and anticipated loss) required for sample size calculation for prevalence studies. Choosing correct parameters with proper understanding, and reporting issues are mainly discussed. We demonstrate the use of a purposely-designed calculators that assist users to make proper informed-decision and prepare appropriate report. Conclusion Two calculators can be used with free software (Spreadsheet and RStudio) that benefit researchers with limited resources. It will, hopefully, minimize the errors in parameter selection, calculation, and reporting. The calculators are available at: ( https://sites.google.com/view/sr-ln/ssc ).

Abstract Due to having a long history of traditional uses as a functional food, Zingiber zerumbet was selected here to explore the inherent antioxidant and antineoplastic activities of methanolic extract of its rhizome (MEZZR) against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. The rich polyphenol containing MEZZR showed a marked DPPH, ABTS, nitric oxide radicals and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity with an IC50 of 3.43 ± 1.25, 11.38 ± 1.39, 23.12 ± 3.39 and 16.47 ± 1.47 µg/ml, respectively, when compared to the standard catechin. In vivo, MEZZR significantly inhibited EAC cell growth, decreased body weight gain, increased life span and restored the altered hematological characteristics of EAC-bearing mice. Moreover, MEZZR induced nuclear condensation and fragmentation, which are notable features of apoptosis as observed by fluorescence microscopy after staining EAC cells of MEZZR-treated mice with Hoechst 33342. Additionally, in vitro, the cell growth inhibition caused by the MEZZR in MTT assay, was remarkably decreased in the presence of caspase-3, -8 and -9 inhibitors. This study thus suggests that MEZZR may possess promising antiproliferative efficacy against EAC cells by inducing cell apoptosis.

The 50-item International Personality Item Pool version of the Big Five Markers (IPIP-BFM) is an open-source and widely used measure of the big five personality traits. A short version of this measure (IPIP-BFM-25) has been developed using the classical test theory approach. No study was performed to examine the psychometric properties of a longer and shorter version of IPIP-BFM Indonesia using modern test theory. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of IPIP-BFM as well as IPIP-BFM-25 using Rasch analysis. The analysis was conducted in order to test their dimensionality, rating scale functioning, item properties, person responses, targeting, reliability, and item bias on 1003 Indonesian samples. The findings showed that both IPIP-BFM and IPIP-BFM-25 Indonesia have some adequate psychometric properties, especially regarding category function, item properties, reliability, and item bias. However, the emotional stability and intellect scales did not meet the assumption of unidimensionality, and all items on the scales were too easy to endorse by participants. In general, longer measures outperformed shorter measures in terms of person separation and reliability. Further testing and refinement must be conducted.

Objective: Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths among Bruneian women. This study aims to investigate the survival rate of cervical cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam between 2002 and 2017, to compare survival of cervical cancer patients between two periods: 2002–2009 and 2010–2017 and to identify prognostic factors of cervical cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study on cervical cancer patients registered in Brunei Darussalam Cancer Registry between 2002 and 2017. De-identified data from the registry was extracted and survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test and multiple Cox regression analysis. Results: The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of cervical cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam were 87.3%, 77.4% and 72.5% respectively from 2002 to 2017. The 5-year survival rate for 2002–2009 and 2010–2017 were 77.3% and 69.1% respectively. The risk of mortality was significantly higher in 2010–2017 compared to 2002–2009 after adjusting for variables (Adjusted HR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.40; p = 0.019). Patients with distant cancer (Adjusted HR = 11.21; 95% CI: 6.18, 20.30; p

With affordable and clean energy being one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG7), most developing economies are still caught up with the dilemma of inadequate power supply and heavy dependence on fossil fuel. This social menace is premised on rapid population growth, industrialization, modernization, etc. Even though these sources of power appear to be far-fetched from being sufficient, they are noted for creating a significant level of environmental pollution, global warming, and health-related risks. The Conference of Parties 26 (COP26) assembly held in Glasgow, United Kingdom, stressed the need to bring down the rising annual global temperatures to 1.5°, with developing economies having a significant role in achieving this target. This article has presented a review with insight into certain power generation metrics within the context of (SDG7). This span across the investigation of different energy modelling tools, their depth of effectiveness, the general pros and cons of energy policies premised on these tools, and progress made so far towards the development of an affordable and clean power sources mix in developing economies. A deduction was reached that there is an immense potential for power generation from affordable and clean energy sources as this bridges the enormous gap between power demand and supply as well as mitigates greenhouse gases (GHGs) effects.