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4. Prevalence of microfungi in Finnish cow barns and some aspects of the occurrence of Wallemia sebi and Fusaria

Author

Pasanen Al, Louhelainen K, and Hanhela R

Subjects
Fusarium, Veterinary medicine, Microfungi, biology, fungi, Air Microbiology, Colony Count, Microbial, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Mycology, Spores, Fungal, Straw, biology.organism_classification, Housing, Animal, Wallemia sebi, Microbiology, Spore, medicine.drug_formulation_ingredient, Penicillium, medicine, Hay, Animals, Cattle, Finland, Cladosporium
Abstract

Objectives The occurrence of microfungi in the air and in feeding and bedding materials was studied on 32 Finnish dairy farms. Methods Air samples for determining viable and total spore concentrations were collected on membrane filters and with a cascade impactor. Genera of mesophilic, xerophilic, and thermophilic fungi were identified in four culture media. Total spore counts were done with the aid of an epifluorescence microscope. To identify fungal flora in agricultural materials, feeding and bedding material samples were also taken from the farms. Results The airborne spore concentrations varied for viable mesophilic, xerophilic, and thermophilic fungi from 101 to 107 colony-forming units per cubic meter, and for total spores from 105 to 107 spores per cubic meter. Aspergillus , Penicillium , Cladosporium , Absidia species, Wallemia sebi and yeasts were the predominant fungi in the air, as well as in the material samples. Conclusion In general, the airborne spore concentrations were high although the variation in the concentrations of different fungal groups was large between the farms. Along with using new growth media, two fungi whose prevalence was earlier poorly known in Finland were detected. W sebi proved to be the most abundant xerophilic fungi in the air and hay samples, while Fusarium spp were very common in grain and straw but rare in air.

Published
1995
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8. Magnesium substitution in elective coronary artery surgery: A double-blind clinical study

Author

Wistbacka, J.O.M., Koistinen, J., Karlqvist, K.E.V., Lepojarvi, M.V.K., Hanhela, R., Laurila, J., Nissinen, J., Pokela, R., Salmela, E., Ruokonen, A., and Nuutinen, L.S.

Abstract

Magnesium may be beneficial in the control of ventricular ectopy and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, but it is not known whether a high-dose magnesium regimen is superior to a regimen keeping the patient normomagnesemic. A prospective randomized and double-blind clinical comparison was performed in 81 elective CABG patients in order to assess the effects of two different magnesium infusion regimens on electrolyte balance and postoperative arrhythmias. Forty-one patients (high-dose group, H) received 4.2 +/- 0.7 g (mean +/- SD), of magnesium sulfate before cardiopulmonary bypass, followed by an infusion of 11.9 +/- 2.8 g of magnesium chloride until the first postoperative (PO) morning, and a further 5.5 +/- 1.0 g until the second PO morning. Forty patients (low-dose group, L) received magnesium sulfate only after bypass to a total of 2.9 +/- 0.5 g at the first, and 1.4 +/- 0.1 g at the second PO morning. A blood cardioplegia technique was used in both groups, including bolus doses of magnesium chloride to a total of 2.4 +/- 0.6 g and 2.3 +/- 0.6 g to H and L patients, respectively. Continuous Holter tape-recording was used for 12 to 15 hours preoperatively, and for 48 hours postoperatively. Serum magnesium peaked in H patients on the first PO morning at 1.60 +/- 0.25 mmol/L, whereafter it declined to the normal level on the third PO morning. Patients in the L group were normomagnesemic, except after the start of bypass. Recovery to spontaneous rhythm after declamping of the aorta was better in the H patients; only one patient had ventricular fibrillation (VF), whereas in the L group, four patients had VF and five patients needed a temporary pacemaker (p = 0.016). Atrial fibrillation (AF) was detected in 3 H (7.3%), and 10 L patients (25%) within the first 48 PO hours (p = 0.037). Ten H (24.3%) and 18 L patients (45.0%) had a total of 19 and 41 episodes of AF during the first PO week (p < 0.01). Paired ventricular ectopic beats were detected during the first 24 PO hours in 17 H (42.5%) and 27 L patients (71.1%) (p = 0.013).

Published
1995
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9. Baseline oxygen delivery is associated with an increased risk of severe postoperative complications after elective open repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Author

Leo E, Biancari F, Hanhela R, Karlqvist K, Romsi P, Ylönen K, Rainio P, Satta J, and Juvonen T

Subjects
Aged, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal metabolism, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Survival Rate, Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal surgery, Elective Surgical Procedures adverse effects, Oxygen Consumption physiology, Postoperative Complications metabolism, Vascular Surgical Procedures adverse effects
Abstract

Aim: Oxyhemodynamic parameters have been shown to have a relevant impact on the immediate postoperative outcome after major surgery, but it is not known their specific impact on the outcome after elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)., Methods: One-hundred and forty-one patients underwent elective open repair of infrarenal AAA and hemodynamic parameters were monitored perioperatively., Results: One patient (0.7%) died postoperatively, 23 (16.3%) experienced a myocardial ischemic event and 9 of them (6.4%) had a myocardial infarction. Baseline oxygen delivery was not predictive of such myocardial ischemic events. Thirty-three patients (23.4%) suffered severe postoperative complications. The median baseline oxygen delivery was 429.5 mL/min/m2 among patients who had severe postoperative complications, whereas it was 505.5 mL/min/m2 among those who did not have severe complications (p=0.03). However, this parameter did not retain its significance at multivariate analysis. When only the preoperative variables were included in the logistic regression model, the Glasgow Aneurysm Score (P=0.004, Oddsratio 1.94, 95% C.I. 1.24-3.05) was the only predictor of severe postoperative complications. The Glasgow Aneurysm Score was significantly correlated with baseline oxygen delivery (P=-0.256, P=0.003)., Conclusions: Baseline oxygen delivery is associated with an increased risk of severe postoperative complications after elective open repair of AAA. The value of preoperative optimization of oxygen delivery should be evaluated in this patient population.

Published
2005

11. Plasma vasopressin levels during and after cardiopulmonary bypass in man.

Author

Viinamäki O, Nuutinen L, Hanhela R, Karinen J, Pekkarinen A, and Hirvonen J

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Blood Pressure drug effects, Coronary Disease surgery, Female, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Humans, Intraoperative Period, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Period, Time Factors, Anesthesia, Intravenous, Arginine Vasopressin blood, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Fentanyl pharmacology
Abstract

The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using high dose fentanyl anaesthesia on the concentrations of plasma arginine vasopressin (pAVP), serum electrolytes and osmolality was studied in 12 patients by repeated sampling up to 4th postoperative day. These values were also followed in another 20 patients for the first postoperative day. Fentanyl abolished the pAVP response often seen in major operations but not that produced by CBP. The pAVP concentration 4.8 +/- 0.8 pg/ml immediately after sternotomy increased to 27.2 +/- 1.5 pg/ml (P less than 0.001) after 5-10 minutes on CPB. By the 4th postoperative day the pAVP levels had reached normal values. The main reason for the elevated pAVP concentrations seems to be the onset of CPB, which provokes a fall in mean arterial pressure leading to pAVP release.

Published
1986

12. Circulatory changes during and after surgical anesthesia in hypertensive patients treated with clonidine, methyldopa and reserpine.

Author

Ryhänen P, Hanhela R, Jouppila R, and Vuopala U

Subjects
Adult, Blood Pressure drug effects, Electrocardiography, Female, Heart Rate drug effects, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Anesthesia, General, Clonidine therapeutic use, Hemodynamics drug effects, Hypertension drug therapy, Methyldopa therapeutic use, Reserpine therapeutic use
Abstract

The cardiovascular changes in 27 hypertensive patients belonging to WHO classes I-II and treated with either clonidine, methyldopa or reserpine during thiopentone-N2O-O2-relaxant-analgesic anesthesia were studied. The variations in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate during induction of anesthesia and surgery did not differ according to the antihypertensive drug with which the patient was treated. Hypokalemia was found to be the most common postoperative complication in all study groups. The results suggest that the selection of antihypertensive drug does not form a risk factor when hypertensive patients are being prepared for anesthesia and surgery.

Published
1984

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