Search

Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is a respiratory condition that causes temporary airflow obstruction during or after physical exercise. It is important to note that not everyone with EIB has asthma. Symptoms of EIB include difficulty breathing, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain. The severity of bronchospasm depends on factors such as the air's ventilation, temperature, and humidity. Diagnosis of EIB can be done through challenge tests, and treatment options include preventive therapy and regular asthma treatment. It is crucial to differentiate EIB from other conditions like vocal cord dysfunction and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The article also discusses digestive symptoms associated with GERD, such as postprandial regurgitation and rumination syndrome. GERD can also cause respiratory disorders like otitis media, asthma, and chronic cough. The article provides information on non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments for these conditions, including the use of short-acting ß2 agonists and leukotriene inhibitors. It emphasizes the importance of proper diagnosis and management, especially in athletes and teenagers who may be hesitant to use medication. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Pediatru.ro is the property of MEDICHUB MEDIA, S.R.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Eventration of the diaphragm, congenital or acquired, represents a rare condition (1 to 10,000 live births), in which the dome of the diaphragm is abnormally elevated, due to an excessive amount of fi bro-elastic diaphragmatic tissue. The child may be asymptomatic or present with respiratory symptoms as aggressive as life threatening respiratory distress. Recurrent pulmonary infections are the commonest presenting complaints. We present the case of a 3 years old boy with recurrent chest infections and apparent “dextrocardia”, both caused by a left eventration of the diaphragm, successfully treated by plication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of prognostic factors on the postoperative outcome of esophageal atresia patients, taking into consideration loco-regional particular features. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 28 patients diagnosed with esophageal atresia was conducted, using a logistic regression model. Patients had been admitted in our hospital between 2009 - 2014. The survival rate was recorded separately from the independent factors, such as demographic features, weight at birth, the timing of surgical treatment, co-morbidities, postoperative prognosis and management of complications. Results: According to the Spitz prognostic classification, there were 21 patients in group I (birth weight over 1500 g with no major anomaly), 3 patients in group II (birth weight less than 1500 g or major cardiac anomaly) and 4 patients in group III (birth weight less than 1500 g plus major cardiac anomaly). The mortality rate was 33% in group I, 100% in group II and 100% in group III. The mean birth weight was 2282 g ±2SD, and the mean gestational age was 31 weeks. The age at initial presentation was over 24 hours in 15 patients, with fatal outcome in 13 of them. The cardiac malformations presented as the associated anomalies with the highest risk. Surgical treatment was as follows: primary anastomosis in 21 cases, cervicostomy and gastrostomy in 6 cases, and Foker technique in 1 case. Conclusions: The analysis of this series indicated a low survival rate for this pathology in our center. Besides the prognostic factors cited in literature (low birth weight and age at birth, associated cardiac malformations), we include, as risk factors for the increased mortality, the delayed diagnosis and presentation at our tertiary center. The further refinement of a multidisciplinary approach towards this pathology would contribute to a higher survival rate and an improved result of the therapeutic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The aim of this paper is to analyze the elements that define the etipathogenical profile of NEC cases diagnosed in term and preterm neonates admitted in the Regional Center of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit "Cuza Voda" and "Sf. Maria" Emergency Children Hospital Iasi. Matherial and methods. An analytic retrospective study was performed and all cases of necrotizing enterocolitis diagnosed in the Regional Center of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit "Cuza Voda" and "Sf. Maria" Emergency Children Hospital Iasi were included. A datasheet was developed for study group (premature) and control (term neonates) group and the statistical analysis of the 205 cases was performed in correlation with the following variables: gender, gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), APGAR score, maternal and neonatal risk factors, the presence of associated anomalies, type of feeding, age, symptoms at onset and stage at diagnosis according to Bell criteria. The statistical analysis of all data was performed in SPSS Statistics 20 program. Results. The incidence of NEC was 3.32%, with a total number of 205 cases identified: 155 cases in premature group and 50 cases in control group. In study group 65.81% were born naturally versus 46% in control group respectively 34.19% were born trough cesarean section versus 54% in control group. Birth weight was 1000g in 12.9% of cases and 1500g in 43.9% in the study group with only 14% below 2500g in control group. 98 cases were diagnosed in stage I Bell (63.23%), 46 cases in stage II (29.68%) and only 11 cases were diagnosed in stage III (7.1%). In study group 21.9% presented persistence of ductus arteriosus (PDA) whereas in the control group PDA was identified in 12%. Perinatal asphyxia was present in 17.42% of cases in the study group, mild respiratory distress in 32.9%, moderate distress in 27.1% and severe respiratory distress in 40%. Bacterial colonization was identified with a frequency of 45.2% whereas in the control group frequency was 20%. Mechanical ventilation in the study group was identified as a risk factor in 67.1% of cases and in the control group in 12% of cases. The type of feeding in the study group was: 39.35% of cases were on total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 30.97% parenteral nutrition and milk formula, 18.71% parenteral nutrition and maternal milk, 8.39% formula milk and only 2.58% were exclusively feed with maternal milk. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was of 10.9 days for the stage I NEC, 11.5 days for stage II and 14.3 days for stage III. Conclusions. The only cert pathogenic factors in NEC are represented by prematurity and low birth weight. The significant number of cases in term neonates should bring the attention on the necessity of modified diagnostic criteria because under the generic term of NEC we can treat other NEC-like entities with a particular evolution pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obiective. Identificarea corelațiilor între evoluția clinică a nou-născuților cu enterocolita ulceronecrotică (EUN) şi stadiul de boală, factorii de risc asociați, respectiv tipul de tratament utilizat. Material şi metodă. S-a realizat un studiu retrospectiv pe o perioadă de 6 ani pe baza cazuisticii Centrului Regional de Terapie Intensivă Neonatală „Cuza Voda" şi s-au identificat 205 cazuri de enterocolită ulceronecrotică dintr-un total de 6.183 de nou-născuți îngrijiți aici. Bolnavii au fost împărțiți în loturi de studiu în funcție de vârsta de gestație (VG), respectiv greutatea la naştere (GN). Protocolul de analiză s-a realizat pe baza unei fişe de lucru care a cuprins datele epidemiologice ale pacienților, factorii de risc, tipul alimentației, vârstă în momentul diagnosticului, stadiul de boală conform clasificării Bell, modalitatea de tratament (medical, chirurgical sau mixt), complicațiile înregistrate şi evoluția pacienților. Prelucrarea statistică a datelor s-a făcut utilizând programul SPSS Statistics 20. Rezultate. Enterocolita ulceronecrotică a avut o frecvență de 3,3% în lotul studiat şi a fost diagnosticată la nou-născuții prematuri în 75,6% dintre cazuri. VG medie în grupul de studiu a fost de 33 săptămâni. GN medie a fost de 1.896 g, cu 43% dintre cazuri în grupul cu greutate foarte mică la naştere (VLBW) şi 31,2% în grupul cu greutate mică la naştere (LBW). Incidența procentuală a factorilor de risc a fost următoarea în ordinea frecvenței: persistența canalului arterial 19,5%, asfixia perinatală 13,7%, detresa respiratorie 100% dintre cazuri. 75,5% dintre cazuri au fost tratate şi externate din CRTIN, 16,6% dintre cazuri au fost transferate în Clinica de Chirurgie Pediatrică a Spitalului „Sf. Maria" şi 3,9% au decedat la CRTIN. Din cele 34 de cazuri transferate, 19 cazuri au fost tratate chirurgical: 8 cazuri cu drenaj peritoneal (DP), 8 cazuri cu laparotomie primara (LAP) şi 3 cazuri cu LAP şi DP. Rata supraviețuirii în acest grup a fost 2,4%, iar pentru grupul cu tratament medical a fost 4,9%. Concluzii. Prematuritatea se corelează statistic cu stadii avansate de enterocolită în momentul diagnosticului. Modalitatea de tratament chirurgical aleasă (drenaj peritoneal sau laparotomie) nu influențează rezultatele, iar alimentația enterală precoce cu formula de lapte este cel mai important factor de risc pentru apariția EUN, urmat de vârsta de gestație şi greutatea foarte mică la naştere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The aim of this paper is to identify the correlations between the clinical evolution of the neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and the stage of disease, associated risk factors and the type of treatment used. Material and methods. A 6 years retrospective study was performed based on reviewing the casuistry of the Regional Centre of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) „Cuza Voda“ and 205 cases of necrotizing enterocolitis were identified from a total number of 6183 neonates admitted there. Patients were divided in to study groups based on the gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW). The analysis protocol was realized based on a working sheet that included the epidemiological data of the patients, the risk factors, type of nutrition, age at diagnosis, stage of disease according to Bell classification, type of treatment (medical, surgical or combined), complications and the general evolution. The statistical data processing was performed in SPSS Statistics 20 program. Results. NEC had a frequency of 3.3% is the study group and was diagnosed in premature newborns in 75.6% of cases. The mean GA for the study group was 33 weeks. The mean BW was 1896 g with 43% of the cases in very low birth weight (VLBW) group and 31.2% in low birth weight (LBW) group. The percentage incidence of the risk factors was as follows: persistence of ductusarteriossus 19.5%, perinatal asphyxia 13.7% and respiratory distress 100% of cases. 75.5% were treated and discharged from NICU, 16.6% were transferred to Pediatric Surgery Department „Sf. Maria" and 3.9% died in NICU. From the 34 cases transferred 19 cases were surgically treated: 8 cases with peritoneal drainage (PD), 8 cases with primary laparotomy (LAP) and 3 cases with PD and LAP. The survival rate in this group was 2.4% and for the medically treated group was 4.9%. Conclusions. Prematurity is statistically correlated with encountering advanced stages of enterocolitis at the time of diagnosis. The option for surgical treatment (peritoneal drainage or laparotomy) does not influence the results and early enteral feeding with formula is the most important risk factor for NEC followed by age of gestation and very low birth weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pediatru.ro is the property of MEDICHUB MEDIA, S.R.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of prognostic factors on the postoperative outcome of esophageal atresia patients, taking into consideration loco-regional particular features. Methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 28 patients diagnosed with esophageal atresia was conducted, using a logistic regression model. Patients had been admitted in our hospital between 2009-2014. The survival rate was recorded separately from the independent factors, such as demographic features, weight at birth, the timing of surgical treatment, co-morbidities, postoperative prognosis and management of complications. Results. According to the Spitz prognostic classification, there were 21 patients in group I (birth weight over 1500 g with no major anomaly), 3 patients in group II (birth weight less than 1500 g or major cardiac anomaly) and 4 patients in group III (birth weight less than 1500 g plus major cardiac anomaly). The mortality rate was 33% in group I, 100% in group II and 100% in group III. The mean birth weight was 2282 g ±2SD, and the mean gestational age was 31 weeks. The age at initial presentation was over 24 hours in 15 patients, with fatal outcome in 13 of them. The cardiac malformations presented as the associated anomalies with the highest risk. Surgical treatment was as follows: primary anastomosis in 21 cases, cervicostomy and gastrostomy in 6 cases, and Foker technique in 1 case. Conclusions. The analysis of this series indicated a low survival rate for this pathology in our center. Besides the prognostic factors cited in literature (low birth weight and age at birth, associated cardiac malformations), we include, as risk factors for the increased mortality, the delayed diagnosis and presentation at our tertiary center. The further refinement of a multidisciplinary approach towards this pathology would contribute to a higher survival rate and an improved result of the therapeutic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the long-term quality of life (QoL) and symptoms experienced by patients who underwent esophageal replacement for congenital and acquired children esophageal pathology., Material and Methods: The study group comprised 71 patients divided into 2 groups, group I: 34 patients who underwent gastric tube esophagoplasty, and group II: 37 patients who underwent colic tube esophagoplasty. QoL score was assessed using a 24-item original questionnaire covering aspects of eating, disease-specific symptoms, physical and psychological development, and social integration., Results: QoL scores based on patient and parental responses were very close. Long-term postoperative functional outcomes for the two groups were comparable., Conclusions: The QoL scores and general life status were not influenced by the used technique and this pathology should be approached according to the particularity of each case and surgeon's personal experience and preference.