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Background: Comfort gloves are used in the management of hand dermatoses. Objectives: To compare the acceptance and tolerability of comfort gloves made of different materials in patients with hand dermatoses and their effects on skin lesions. Methods: In a prospective multicenter study, 284 patients with hand dermatoses were invited to wear either a cotton glove (COT) or a semipermeable Sympatex glove underneath a cotton glove (SYM/COT) for two subsequent phases of 19 consecutive nights each. A total of 88 controls were asked not to wear any comfort gloves overnight. The severity of skin lesions over time was examined. Questionnaires were used to assess health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and acceptance and tolerability of the gloves. Results: The hand dermatoses improved in all groups. No substantial intergroup differences regarding severity and HRQoL were observed. SYM/COT received better ratings regarding climate conditions and tactility while COT showed superiority in fit, wearing comfort, and practicality. Conclusions: We confirmed that SYM/COT and COT are well tolerated and accepted suggesting that SYM/COT is a good alternative for COT as comfort gloves in patients with hand dermatoses. Individual requirements, needs, and preferences may direct the material choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Allergy to dust mites (HDMs) plays an important role in atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the role of this allergy in other dermatoses is little known. The aim of this study was to assess hypersensitivity to HDMs in patients with AD or hand disease using the basophil activation test. Material and Methods: A total of 52 patients with AD, 57 with hand eczema disease, and 68 healthy volunteers qualified for this study. Diagnosis was based on the Hanifin and Rajka criteria, dermatological assessment, and exclusion of other dermatoses. The participants underwent skin prick tests (SPTs), a basophil activation test (BAT) with D. pteronyssinus allergen extract, and the concentration of specific IgE (sIgE) for the same allergen in blood serum was determined. Results: Positive results in all tests (SPT, sIgE, and BAT) were obtained (24 (46.2%) patients with AD, 9 (15.8%) with hand disease, and none in the control group for p < 0.05). The results of the SPT, sIgE, and BAT correlated with each other in the AD and hand eczema groups (Spearmen correlation test, r = 0.72 or 0.85, p < 0.05). However, the BAT was positive more often than the SPT and sIgE for D. pteronyssinus. Conclusions: House dust mite hypersensitivity is common in patients with AD and eczema. The BAT may be more sensitive for assessing sensitization to house dust mites, especially in patients with hand eczema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Studies on wet work and hand eczema (HE) frequently rely solely on self‐reports regarding wet work.To assess the association between wet work and moderate‐to‐very‐severe HE, within the Dutch general population, by using a (sex‐specific) job exposure matrix (JEM).Within the Lifelines Cohort Study, participants with self‐reported moderate‐to‐very‐severe HE at worst in the past year were linked to data from the Danish (sex‐specific) wet work JEM, a tool that links occupations with wet work indices (including duration and probability of glove use, wet hands and total wet work for at least 2 and 4 h/working day).In total, 56 978 (41.9%) participants were included. The multivariate binary logistic regression analyses showed significant associations between all facets of wet work and moderate‐to‐very‐severe HE. When using the sex‐specific JEM, significant associations were found in females, but not in males.This study is the first to use a wet work‐specific JEM in a general population sample, and found positive associations between wet work and HE. The sex‐specific findings should be interpreted with caution, due to limitations inherent in using a JEM, and should be further explored with observational studies, with a focus on duration, frequency, and exposure type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions Atopic dermatitis (AD) and hand eczema often co‐occur, particularly among adults.To examine the interplay between AD and hand eczema in the general population, by characterising prevalence, disease severity, contact sensitization, and comorbidities in individuals with one or both conditions.In this cross‐sectional study, 100 000 randomly selected adults in the Danish general population received a questionnaire via a secure, digital mailbox linked to their civil registration number. Participants answered questions regarding eczema, disease severity, patch testing, and comorbidities.A total of 40 007 individuals responded to the question on a lifetime prevalence of AD, and the prevalence among adult Danes was 9.0%. Nearly one third of individuals with AD reported moderate to severe disease. AD was associated with contact sensitization and increased hand eczema prevalence. Individuals with both AD and hand eczema reported worse disease severity. Furthermore, having both conditions was associated with an increased risk of psychiatric comorbidities.This study provided updated information about unselected adults with AD in Denmark. Individuals with both AD and hand eczema represent a vulnerable subgroup that physicians should be attentive to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Twin studies revealed that genetic effects play a role in hand eczema (HE), but the responsible genetic factors are unknown. Objectives: To identify and characterise genetic loci associated with HE and to provide insight into the genetic overlap between HE and atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: We used questionnaire‐derived and genotype data from the European population‐based Lifelines cohort and biobank. We performed a discovery genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of HE (2879 cases and 16 249 controls) and of AD (1706 cases and 17 190 controls). We replicated our findings in an independent Lifelines sample for HE (1188 cases and 6431 controls) and AD (757 cases and 6747 controls). We conducted several post‐GWAS analyses and performed genetic correlation analyses between our HE results and independent AD data. Results: The two‐step GWAS of HE, regardless of adjusting for AD, identified one independent locus 20q13.33, likely driven by a number of causal single‐nucleotide polymorphisms. For the AD GWAS, we replicated a known stop‐gained rs61816761 at locus 1q21.3 (FLG, FLGAS1). We found a strong genetic correlation (p < 0.01) between HE and AD (rg = 0.65), regardless of adjusting for AD (rg = 0.63). Conclusions: Locus 20q13.33 is associated with HE, and there is a large genetic overlap between HE and AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Farmers are particularly exposed to a large number of allergens including fertilizers, plant allergens, soil, and manure which may be aggravated by sun exposure. Hand eczema can cause significant morbidity affecting the patient’s occupational work. Patch test is an important diagnostic tool in differentiating between irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis and in the latter, to identify the culprit allergen causing hand eczema. Aims: This study aimed to identify the role of patch tests in hand eczema in farmers and to identify the common causative allergens of hand eczema in farmers. Materials and Methods: Fifty farmers aged 18 years and above presenting with hand eczema were enrolled in the study after taking approval from the institutional ethics committee. Patients who were pregnant, lactating, on systemic steroids, and immunosuppressants were excluded from the study. Patch test was done using the Indian Standard series of 20 allergens approved by the Contact Dermatoses Forum of India applied to the back of the patient. The first reading was taken at 48 h, 30 min after removal of the patch, and another reading was taken at 96 h. The results were interpreted according to the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group criteria. Results: Out of 50 patients, there were 28 males and 22 females. Hyperkeratotic eczema was the most common morphology (38%). The most common allergen was parthenium (44%) followed by potassium dichromate (22.7%) and nickel (9%). Limitations: A larger sample size would have helped to better substantiate the findings of the study. Conclusion: There is an undeniable relationship with the occupation of the individual wherein agriculturists and masons had the maximum predisposition. The most common cause of hand eczema in this study was parthenium in farmers and also other allergens played an important role such as potassium dichromate, nickel, and paraphenylenediamine.

Abstract Background Chronic hand dermatitis (CHD) has suboptimal treatments and a negative impact on quality of life (QoL). Topical ruxolitinib, a JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, is approved for vitiligo and mild‐to‐moderate atopic dermatitis, but has not previously been studied specifically for CHD. Objectives Evaluate the impact of ruxolitinib in CHD. Methods A 12‐week, investigator‐initiated, open‐label trial evaluated ruxolitinib 1.5% in 15 adults with recalcitrant moderate‐to‐severe CHD. Primary outcomes included the proportion of patients: (1) achieving an Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) treatment success (0 or 1 score with a two‐step improvement) (2) a Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI)‐75 improvement at 12 weeks. Additional outcomes: clinical improvement at 4 and 8 weeks, improvement in itch (Numerical Rating Scale [NRS]) and QoL outcomes (i.e., Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI] and Skindex‐Mini). Results At 12 weeks, 13/15 participants (86%) achieved a HECSI‐75, 12/15 participants (80%) had a two‐point reduction in IGA and 8/15 participants (53%) achieved an IGA treatment success. Both atopic dermatitis (AD; n = 7) and non‐AD (n = 8) CHD participants had clinical improvement in HECSI at 12 weeks (p

Background: The validity of the self‐report questionnaire for hand eczema (HE) among Croatian hairdressers was not investigated previously, leading to uncertainty in the prevalence estimated from self‐reported data. Objectives: To (1) investigate the validity of the self‐report questionnaire for HE in hairdressing apprentices and (2) examine the differences between apprentices who recognised their HE symptoms and those who did not. Methods: Clinical examination for HE signs on hands and wrists was performed by the Osnabrueck Hand Eczema Severity Index for 408 apprentices at four visits covering the entire schooling period. Self‐report HE was based on the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire. Results: Low sensitivity (7%–37%) with high specificity (≥95%) was observed, with both measures improving from baseline to last visit. The severity of HE signs was the only factor associated with the correct identification of HE signs in analyses adjusted for previous HE signs, health‐related quality of life, and atopic dermatitis (adjusted odds ratios of 1.58 with 95% confidence interval [1.06–2.35] and 1.74[1.38–2.19] at second and third follow‐up visit, respectively). Conclusions: Self‐report questionnaire for HE showed low sensitivity in hairdressing apprentices, especially at the beginning of training and in those with mild symptoms. Further validation studies following questionnaire modifications aimed at adolescent population are advised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tissue cytokines in chronic hand eczema (CHE) can predict targeted therapy with novel drugs including JAK inhibitors. Our primary objective was to assess the tissue expression of cytokines of Th1 and Th2 cell lines in CHE patients and to study the efficacy of oral tofacitinib. We recruited patients presenting with recalcitrant CHE. Lesional and non-lesional tissue samples were assessed for Th1(IFN-γ, TNF-α) and Th2 related cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-2,) using real time PCR. Tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily was initiated with 4 weekly assessment and we also noted relapses post therapy. Of 21 refractory hyperkeratotic CHE patients, cytokine analysis was performed in 11 patients which showed upregulation of IL-4 [n = 5/11, 1.87-fold increase], TNF-α (n = 5/11, 5.13-fold) and IFN-γ (n = 6/11, 1.98-fold) as compared to uninvolved skin. All patients (100%) had used topical corticosteroids (TCS) and 4/21 (19%) had failed methotrexate and 2/21 (9.5%) had failed acitretin. Tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily was given in 15/21 patients. The mean time to achieve hand eczema severity index 90 (HECSI 90) was 4 weeks (mean duration of treatment:5.8 months, n = 12). Side effects were observed in 4/12 (33.3%) patients and relapse was noted in 3/12 (25%) patients after a mean duration of 7 months after discontinuation of tofacitinib. Tofacitinib (pan-JAK inhibitor) showed an excellent response in refractory CHE patients with predominant tissue Th1/Th2 cells related cytokine expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topical corticosteroid phobia (TOPICOP) is associated with poor treatment adherence and is common among patients with skin disease. Knowledge about corticosteroid phobia and treatment adherence among patients with chronic hand eczema (CHE) is limited. To investigate patient-reported outcomes regarding topical corticosteroids (TCSs), and their impact on treatment adherence in patients with CHE. Patients with CHE from the Danish Skin Cohort answered a questionnaire including the TOPICOP scale and Medication Adherence Report Scale. Response rate was 69.2%. Of 927 with CHE, 75.5% totally or almost agreed that TCS damage the skin, 48.9% totally or almost agreed that TCS would affect their future health and 36.3% reported some degree of fear of TCS although they were unaware of any TCS-associated risks. Most patients (77.9%) always or often stop treatment as soon as possible, whereas 54.8% always or often wait as long as possible before starting treatment. Overall, 38.8% reported that they had taken less medicine than prescribed and 54.0% had stopped treatment throughout a period. Treatment adherence decreased with increasing corticosteroid phobia (P =.004). TOPICOP has not been validated in patients with CHE. Corticosteroid phobia is common among patients with CHE and negatively associated with treatment adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Hand eczema (HE) is a common skin disease with a negative impact on patients' quality of life in occupational and non‐occupational settings. Up‐to‐date, data on HE in Italian patients referred for patch testing are lacking.To characterise the profile in terms of demographics, aetiology and patch test results of Italian patients affected by HE referred for patch testing.A retrospective descriptive study on consecutive patients affected by HE who underwent patch testing from 2016 to 2023 in eight dermatology clinics was performed. HE patients were divided into two groups according to the exclusive (HE‐only group) and not‐exclusive (HE+ group) hand involvement, and compared to patients with eczema localised in body areas other than hands (NHE group).One thousand five hundred and ninety‐seven patients were affected by HE (35.3% males; mean age 42.7 years), 60.2% belonging to the HE‐only group and 39.8% to the HE+ group. Occupational dermatitis was diagnosed in 33.2% of HE‐only patients, 25.0% of HE+ patients and 5.2% of NHE patients (p < 0.001). HE‐only patients presented: Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD), Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD), atopic HE in 48.1%, 47.5% and 7.1%, respectively; hyperkeratotic palmar, acute recurrent vesicular and nummular clinical subtypes in 52.2%, 43.9% and 11.9%, respectively; relevant positive patch test reactions in 48.1% (nickel sulphate 18.9%, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone 10.6%, methylisothiazolinone 8.6%, p‐phenylenediamine 6.0% and potassium dichromate 4.7%).HE patients, and particularly those with exclusive hand involvement, show a particular profile in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics, etiologies and relevant positive patch test reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite high disease burden, systemic treatment options for patients with atopic hand and/or foot dermatitis (H/F AD) are limited. To evaluate efficacy and safety of dupilumab in H/F AD using specific instruments for assessing disease severity on hands and feet. In this multicenter phase 3 trial, adults and adolescents with moderate-to-severe H/F AD were randomized to dupilumab monotherapy (regimen approved for generalized AD), or matched placebo. The primary endpoint was proportion of patients achieving Hand and Foot Investigator's Global Assessment score 0 or 1 at week 16. Secondary prespecified endpoints assessed the severity and extent of signs, symptom intensity (itch, pain), quality of life, and sleep. A total of 133 patients (adults = 106, adolescents = 27) were randomized to dupilumab (n = 67) or placebo (n = 66). At week 16, significantly more patients receiving dupilumab (n = 27) than placebo (n = 11) achieved Hand and Foot Investigator's Global Assessment score 0 or 1 (40.3% vs 16.7%; P =.003). All other prespecified endpoints were met. Safety was consistent with the known AD dupilumab profile. Short-term, 16-week treatment period. Dupilumab monotherapy resulted in significant improvements across different domains of H/F AD with acceptable safety, supporting dupilumab as a systemic treatment approach for this often difficult to treat condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a case of occupational protein contact dermatitis in a fitness studio employee. The 45-year-old woman experienced inflammatory changes to her hands during her work, which involved increased hand washing and sanitization. She also had reactions to accidental contact with protein powder. Allergological testing revealed elevated specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels to milk protein, whey protein, and chicken egg white. The diagnosis was occupational protein contact dermatitis due to whey protein. The article emphasizes the need for increased awareness and accurate diagnosis of this condition. [Extracted from the article]

Cold climate and unique genetic and environmental factors may influence the prevalence of skin diseases in Greenland. However, there is a lack of epidemiological studies on skin diseases in the adult Greenlandic population. To address this unmet need a cross-sectional study, run by dermatologists from Denmark, the UK, and Switzerland estimated the prevalence and clinical manifestations of skin diseases among adults in East Greenland in May 2022. All adults ≥18 years in the town of Tasiilaq were invited, and 295 individuals aged 18–78 years participated (22.5% of the overall adult population in Tasiilaq). Two-hundred and three participants (69%) had visible signs of current skin disease, and among these, 242 cases of dermatoses were identified. The most common skin diseases were hand eczema (22.4%), lichen simplex (9.5%), discoid eczema (7.1%), psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and acne vulgaris (5.8% each). Scabies was the most frequent infectious skin disease (4.4%). No cases of skin cancer were identified. Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis presented with disease that was of limited extent and different from the classical presentations. Skin diseases showed a high prevalence among adults in East Greenland, and some of them were severe. This indicates a noteworthy public health problem that warrants better access to dermatologist support.

Background: Hand eczema (HE) is a common and heterogeneous condition. It has a wide range of etiologies and clinical manifestations. In this study the efficacy of triamcinolone 0.1% cream and sulfur 2% creams was compared in treating patients with HE. Methods: This randomized, triple‐blind clinical trial was performed on 70 patients with HE (including 70 right and 70 left hands). In this study, two creams were used including triamcinolone 0.1% and sulfur 2.0%. Patients were treated with these creams twice a day (once in every 12 h) for 4 weeks. Follow‐up was 4 weeks after treatment. Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI), itching, dryness, burning sensation, and erythema scores were collected three times during the study and compared between treatment regimens. Results: Findings showed that both triamcinolone (0.1%) and sulfur (2.0%) creams could significantly reduce the scores of HECSI, itching, dryness, burning sensation, and erythema, and the therapeutic effects lasted for at least 4 weeks after cessation of topical treatment. Conclusion: Topical sulfur cream (2.0%) is as effective as triamcinolone (0.1%) cream in treatment of HE without any prominent adverse reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contact dermatitis is a common cutaneous inflammatory condition triggered by exposure to irritant substances or allergens. Nickel is the most prevalent allergen, a metal widely used in accessories, furniture, office materials, and the food industry, with multiple exposure pathways, making it difficult to assess which exposure is causing allergic dermatitis. Here, we report a case of an administrative worker with chronic hand eczema, limited to the radial metacarpophalangeal region of the left hand, caused by occupational exposure to nickel, confirmed by nickel deposition test on the hand and a positive test with a metallic stapler used at her workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hand eczema (HE) is a prevalent chronic condition that exerts a substantial and enduring adverse effect on quality of life (QoL) and imposes an economic burden on society. Managing HE poses challenges due to the limited effectiveness and potential adverse effects associated with many currently available topical and systemic treatments. Methods: This article examines twenty-one patients affected by HE treated with dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin IL-4 and IL-13 signaling. This involves a retrospective descriptive statistical analysis. Results: At week 6, HECSI-75 was achieved by 12 patients (57.9%). The proportion of patients meeting the HECSI-75 criteria steadily increased over the observation weeks, reaching 90% at week 16 and 100% at week 104. Furthermore, HECSI-90 and HECSI-100 were achieved by 75% and 60% of patients at week 16 and by 100% and 85% of patients at week 68, respectively. All patients who reached week 104 maintained complete disease remission according to HECSI 100. Conclusions: In all patients, dupilumab was shown to be an effective drug in achieving disease clearance, as indicated by all the parameters considered at each evaluation point (Week 6, Week 16, Week 32, Week 52, Week 68, Week 84, and Week 104), in comparison to the initial baseline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vesicular hand eczema (VHE), a clinical subtype of hand eczema (HE), showed limited responsiveness to alitretinoin, the only approved systemic treatment for severe chronic HE. This emphasizes the need for alternative treatment approaches. Therefore, our study aimed to identify drug repurposing opportunities for VHE using transcriptomics and genomics data. We constructed a gene network by combining 52 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from a VHE transcriptomics study with 3 quantitative trait locus (QTL) genes associated with HE. Through network analysis, clustering, and functional enrichment analyses, we investigated the underlying biological mechanisms of this network. Next, we leveraged drug–gene interactions and retrieved pharmaco-transcriptomics data from the DrugBank database to identify drug repurposing opportunities for (V)HE. We developed a drug ranking system, primarily based on efficacy, safety, and practical and pricing factors, to select the most promising drug repurposing candidates. Our results revealed that the (V)HE network comprised 78 genes that yielded several biological pathways underlying the disease. The drug–gene interaction search together with pharmaco-transcriptomics lookups revealed 123 unique drug repurposing opportunities. Based on our drug ranking system, our study identified the most promising drug repurposing opportunities (e.g., vitamin D analogues, retinoids, and immunomodulating drugs) that might be effective in treating (V)HE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hand eczema (HE) is a common condition seen in medical facilities, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The effects of vitamin D on skin inflammation are diverse. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between vitamin D levels in healthcare workers as determined by serum 25(OH)D and the severity of HE. In Indonesia, between September and October of 2022, a cross-sectional design was employed for this analytical descriptive study. The hand eczema severity index was used to determine the severity of HE. Out of the 44 healthcare workers who had HE, the findings indicated that 29 had mild HE, 11 had moderate HE, and 4 had severe HE. Subjects with mild, moderate, and severe HE had mean serum 25(OH)D levels of 17.85 ng/mL, 16.45 ng/mL, and 17.87 ng/mL, respectively, falling into the vitamin D deficiency category. Serum 25(OH)D levels and the severity of HE did not significantly correlate (r=-0.056; p=0.359). Serum 25(OH)D levels did not significantly differ between subjects with mild, moderate, and severe HE. The degree of HE was not negatively correlated with serum 25(OH)D levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To date, hand eczema (HE)‐related presenteeism has never been assessed within the general population, and general population‐based studies on HE‐related sickness absence are limited. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of HE‐related presenteeism and sickness absence, and factors associated with HE‐related presenteeism, within the Dutch general population. Methods: Within the Lifelines Cohort Study, participants with HE in the last year (aged 18–65 in 2020), were identified by a questionnaire including questions regarding HE‐related presenteeism and sickness absence. Socio‐demographic factors were collected from 2006 to 2020. Results: Out of the 3.703 included participants with HE, 2.7% (n = 100) reported HE‐related presenteeism, with 19.8% (n = 57) among those with severe‐to‐very‐severe HE. HE‐related sickness absence was reported by 0.5% (n = 20) and 5.9% (n = 17), respectively. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age and sex, showed negative associations between HE‐related presenteeism and higher educational attainment, higher income (>€2500) and higher occupational skill level, and positive associations for high‐risk occupations, chronic HE, moderate and severe‐to‐very‐severe HE (compared to almost clear), atopic dermatitis and occupational wet exposure. Conclusions: A high prevalence of HE‐related presenteeism was found among participants with severe‐to‐very‐severe HE. Future studies should focus on longitudinal associations with the clinical course of HE, as HE‐related presenteeism might aggravate symptoms of HE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Common hyperkeratotic palmar skin lesions include chronic hand eczema (CHE), hyperkeratotic hand eczema (HHE), palmar psoriasis (PP). However, clinically differentiating these disorders is often challenging. Objectives: To compare the expressions of keratin (K) 5, K9, K14 and involucrin in palmar hyperkeratotic lesions (HHE, CHE and PP). Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was performed on skin biopsy specimens obtained from the palms of patients clinically diagnosed with CHE, HHE and PP (n = 21, 24 and 18, respectively). Results: K5 and K14 expression levels were higher in the spinous and granular layers of PP and HHE compared to CHE. Involucrin was expressed in the basal layer of PP and HHE but not in CHE. K9 expression was decreased in PP and HHE compared to CHE. Conclusion: Keratin and involucrin expression in the epidermis are markers of keratinocyte differentiation. Expression levels of keratin and involucrin were similar between the HHE and PP groups, suggesting that HHE shares pathogenesis with PP rather than CHE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are considered a high‐risk group for developing hand eczema (HE), mainly owing to wet work and contact with allergens at work. To meta‐analyse the prevalence and incidence of HE in HCWs, as well as mapping the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) and HE severity in HCWs. A systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses 2020 guidelines. Published literature from 2000 to 2022 was eligible based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 18 studies were included. Pooled life‐time, 1‐year and point prevalence of self‐reported HE in HCWs was 33.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 28.3–38.6), 27.4% (95% CI: 19.3–36.5) and 13.5% (95% CI: 9.3–18.4), respectively. AD prevalence was 15.4% (95% CI: 11.3–19.9). Overall, the majority of HCWs reported mild HE. One included study assessed HE incidence reporting 34 cases/1000 person years. Most studies scored low‐moderate using the New Ottawa Scale and the pooled point prevalence data showed broad CIs. In conclusion, the high prevalence of HE in HCWs underlines the increased risk and need for preventive measures for this professional group. There is, however, a need of further standardized high‐quality studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The international classification of diseases, 10th revision (ICD‐10) includes several unvalidated diagnostic codes for hand eczema (HE). Knowledge is sparse on HE patient characteristics. Objectives: To validate selected HE ICD‐10 codes in the Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR) and describe disease characteristics, lifestyle factors and medication use in adult HE patients. Methods: Nineteen HE ICD‐10 codes were selected and validated based on patient charts. Five cohorts were constructed based on the diagnostic code, DL30.8H (HE unspecified), in the DNPR: (i) patients with DL30.8H code (n = 8386), (ii) patients with DL30.8H code, but without atopic dermatitis (AD) (n = 7406), (iii) sex‐ and age‐matched general population (n = 8386) without HE. Two additional cohorts nested in the DNPR included participants from the Danish Skin Cohort, (iv) patients with DL30.8H code but without AD (n = 1340) and (v) general population cohort (n = 9876). Results: ICD‐10 codes revealed positive predictive values ≥90% except irritant contact dermatitis (unspecified) (79.7%) and hyperkeratotic hand and foot eczema (84.1%). HE patients were most often women, middle‐aged or older, of Danish ethnicity, had an atopic medical history and were smokers. Topical corticosteroid prescriptions were almost doubled in HE cohorts compared to general populations. Conclusion: We validated several HE ICD‐10 codes and identified important HE patient characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Due to limited availability of commercial test preparations, patch testing patient's own material (POM) is of great importance to diagnose occupational allergic contact dermatitis. Objectives: To assess the quality of performance and documentation of patch testing with POM in patients with suspected occupational skin diseases (OSD) in Germany. Methods: Retrospective‐prospective analysis of protocols of patch tests with POM was conducted between 2013 and 2021 in patients with suspected OSD and submitted to statutory accident insurance institutions. Assessments were done by predefined criteria. Results: Three thousand and four patch tests with POM from 460 patients were included. A full description of the POM was provided in 73.3% of all tests. The test concentration, test vehicle and pH value were documented in 74.3%, 70.5% and 42.2% of tests, for which the respective parameters were considered relevant. One hundred and sixty‐one positive reactions to POM were documented. In 72%, sufficient patch testing with commercial test substances was conducted to investigate the positive reaction. In 30.4%, consecutive patch testing of all ingredients of the POM was done. Conclusions: The results not only show considerable shortcomings mainly in documentation but also to some extent performance of patch tests with POM in patients with suspected OSD in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract is missing (Short communication)

Background: Clinically, hand dermatitis manifests as either irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) or allergy contact dermatitis (ACD). Patients with hand dermatitis typically use emollients to reduce transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Objective: This investigation aims to evaluate the efficacy of emollient topical therapy on hand dermatitis. Methods: The study's design was based on a literature review, and the research samples were obtained through online searches on Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. Results: 495 items were subsequently excluded based on the restriction criteria. We obtained eight research articles for evaluation. Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI), TEWL, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Health-related quality of life (HRQoL), Modified Total Lesion Symptom Score (mTLSS), Investigator Global Assessment (IGA), and Visual analog score (VAS) were used to measure hand dermatitis, and there was a significant increase in these measurements for emollients. In the conclusion of the eight articles, six stated that they were significant, and two stated that emollients were effectively used as topical therapy. Conclusion: Emollients typically act on the epidermis, particularly the stratum corneum, which can reduce TEWL so that antigen penetration and inflammation spread are not facilitated.

Background and Objectives: Allergy to dust mites (HDMs) plays an important role in atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the role of this allergy in other dermatoses is little known. The aim of this study was to assess hypersensitivity to HDMs in patients with AD or hand disease using the basophil activation test. Material and Methods: A total of 52 patients with AD, 57 with hand eczema disease, and 68 healthy volunteers qualified for this study. Diagnosis was based on the Hanifin and Rajka criteria, dermatological assessment, and exclusion of other dermatoses. The participants underwent skin prick tests (SPTs), a basophil activation test (BAT) with D. pteronyssinus allergen extract, and the concentration of specific IgE (sIgE) for the same allergen in blood serum was determined. Results: Positive results in all tests (SPT, sIgE, and BAT) were obtained (24 (46.2%) patients with AD, 9 (15.8%) with hand disease, and none in the control group for p < 0.05). The results of the SPT, sIgE, and BAT correlated with each other in the AD and hand eczema groups (Spearmen correlation test, r = 0.72 or 0.85, p < 0.05). However, the BAT was positive more often than the SPT and sIgE for D. pteronyssinus. Conclusions: House dust mite hypersensitivity is common in patients with AD and eczema. The BAT may be more sensitive for assessing sensitization to house dust mites, especially in patients with hand eczema.

Background Hand eczema is a prevalent dermatological condition that significantly impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. Topical corticosteroids, such as Clobetasol Propionate, are commonly employed for management, but concerns regarding long-term use and potential side effects necessitate exploration of alternative treatments. This study protocol outlines a randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of topical Tofacitinib 2% ointment with Clobetasol Propionate 0.05% ointment in managing hand eczema. Methods The study will be a single-blinded, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial conducted at the Dermatology outpatient department of Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, from March 2023 to September 2025. Eligible participants diagnosed with hand eczema will be randomized into two groups: Group 1 will receive Clobetasol Propionate 0.05% ointment, and Group 2 will receive Tofacitinib 2% ointment. The primary outcome measure is the change from baseline in the Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI) score, assessed at two weeks and four weeks. Statistical analysis will utilize appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests, with a p-value Expected Outcome The study is anticipated to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and safety of Tofacitinib and Clobetasol Propionate in managing hand eczema. A favorable outcome for Tofacitinib could suggest its potential as an alternative or adjunctive therapy, offering a more targeted approach with fewer side effects. The findings may contribute to optimized treatment strategies for hand eczema, improving patient outcomes and guiding future research in dermatological therapeutics.

Background: Topical corticosteroids under occlusion have been used to enhance the treatment of eczema. However, no study has investigated the efficacy of a steroid‐containing transdermal patch for the treatment of chronic hand eczema. Methods: We conducted a randomized, controlled, assessor‐blinded trial to determine the efficacy of a transdermal patch containing betamethasone dipropionate compared to topical betamethasone dipropionate ointment in the treatment of mild to moderate chronic hand eczema. The patients were included and assigned to receive either the transdermal patch once daily at night or the ointment twice daily for a period of 8 weeks. The outcomes were assessed using the Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI), Physical Global Assessment (PGA) score, self‐reported compliance, level of patient satisfaction, quality of life, and side effects. Results: Fifty‐six patients completed this study. At 8 weeks, there was a significant reduction in the HECSI scores in both the transdermal patch and topical ointment groups compared to those measured at baseline (14.61 to 1.86, p < 0.001; 18.46 to 3.43, p < 0.001, respectively) without a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Similarly, the two groups did not show any significant difference in the PGA scores, quality of life and side effects. However, the transdermal patch group reported better compliance and a higher level of patient satisfaction than the topical ointment group. Conclusion: The transdermal corticosteroid patch has proven to be a safe and effective treatment, comparable to topical corticosteroids, after 8 weeks of use. Its sustained‐release properties, along with once‐daily use, can improve patient satisfaction and promote greater adherence to the treatment. Trial Registration: This study was registered with the Thai Clinical Trials Registry (www.clinicaltrials.in.th) under registration number TCTR20220413003. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Transcriptome analyses of vesicular hand eczema (VHE) indicated a large overlap with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that differentiate VHE from AD are unknown. Objective: To identify distinctive transcriptional features of VHE in comparison to AD. Methods: We re‐analysed RNA sequencing data of 10 lesional palmar VHE epidermal biopsies and performed DEG analyses. We adjusted the obtained DEG results of 57 lesional whole AD skin biopsies of the upper extremities or trunk to our criteria. Up‐ and down‐regulated DEGs in both skin diseases, VHE‐only, AD‐only, and opposite regulated DEGs were identified. Enrichment analyses and Chi‐squared tests were conducted to test for differences in gene set enrichment between both skin diseases. Results: Comparing 3028 DEGs in VHE (1645 up; 1383 down) with 5391 DEGs in AD (3842 up; 1549 down), revealed 1516 shared DEGs (1179 up; 337 down) and 1512 DEGs unique to VHE (466 up, 1046 down). Interferon signalling and necroptosis were significantly more prominent in VHE compared to AD. Downregulated genes identified only in VHE (like DNASE1L2, KRT2, KRT9 and KRT25) indicate an aberrant epidermal differentiation. Conclusion: Our study indicates a common pathophysiology between VHE and AD, but also reveals transcriptional differences between VHE and AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hand eczema (HE) is a common inflammatory skin disease that may have serious consequences. The age of HE onset varies, but is estimated to be early‐ to mid‐20s. However, very little is known about HE in childhood and adolescence. Objective: We aimed to explore the epidemiology, aetiology and severity of HE among a random sample of Danish adolescents drawn from the general population. Methods: The study was designed as a self‐administered questionnaire study. An electronic questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 13 000 individuals aged 15–19 years. Results: The point‐prevalence, 1‐year prevalence and life‐time prevalence of HE among Danish adolescents was 4.9%, 12.1% and 18.3%, respectively. Among patients with a history of HE, 64.6% of cases were not associated with atopic dermatitis. Of all respondents, 60.2% were either part‐time or full‐time employed. Among respondents with current HE, 38.2% believed that the occupational exposures either caused or exacerbated the HE. Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of HE among Danish adolescents which raises concern. Knowing the potential consequences that HE may have, attention should be paid to the prevention of HE in adolescence, especially on occupational aspects and prevention of skin disease in young workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hand eczema (HE) is a common dermatological disorder with considerable effect on the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). The data on mental comorbidities of HE is sparse and mostly studied among selected patient groups. Objectives: We aimed to investigate symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with HE in general population. Methods: Study subjects (n = 6695) belonging to the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study (NFBC1966) responded to an extensive health questionnaire including questions about HE. Depression and anxiety symptoms were evaluated according to the Hopkins Symptom Checklist‐25 (HSCL‐25). Results: Having ever suffered from HE was reported by 853 (12.8%) study subjects. Symptoms scores of depression were significantly higher among (n = 172, 20.3%) HE subjects compared with (n = 884, 15.4%) subjects without HE (Odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17–1.68, P < 0.001). Correspondingly, symptoms scores of anxiety were also more common among (n = 90, 10.6%) HE subjects than among (n = 448, 7.8%) subjects without HE (OR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.10–1.78, P = 0.007). In an adjusted model, the associations remained statistically significant (OR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.08–1.57, P = 0.007 and OR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.04–1.72, P = 0.021, respectively). Conclusions: Symptoms associated with mental health should be taken into account when managing patients with HE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The impact of hand eczema (HE) on Health‐Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) has only been sparsely studied in a general population setting, and never by use of the disease specific Quality Of Life in Hand eczema Questionnaire (QOLHEQ). Objectives: To examine the HRQoL of unselected individuals with HE using the QOLHEQ. Further, to provide prevalence estimates of severe and chronic HE (CHE), and to contrast overall health related outcomes between individuals with and without HE. Methods: In this nationwide, cross‐sectional study a questionnaire covering questions on HE related outcomes, and overall health was sent to a random sample of 100 000 Danish adults via a secure digital mailbox, linked to their unique civil registration numbers. Data on demographic characteristics were retrieved from the civil registration system. Individuals reporting HE, further answered the QOLHEQ and other disease specific questions. Results: The response rate was 42.7% (n = 42 691). Total estimates of lifetime, 1‐year and point prevalences of HE were 24.4%, 13.3% and 5.8%. Of individuals reporting a 1‐year prevalence, 35.1% reported moderate–severe disease and 82.6% CHE. Individuals with HE were more likely to report less good or poor overall health, and sick leave (any reason), compared to those without. In the 2176 (92.5%) with current HE who completed the QOLHEQ, median QOLHEQ scores corresponded to a moderate impairment of the symptoms and treatment and prevention domains and a slight impairment overall and for the emotions and functioning domains. Factors that were strongly associated with moderate to severe HRQoL impairment included severe, chronic and occupational HE as well as female sex. Conclusions: HE is highly prevalent, bears a considerable burden on society and significantly affects the lives of impacted individuals. Our findings indicate a necessity for targeted prevention aimed at high‐risk groups, and support and treatment for those most affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract is missing (Short communication)

Marta Szepietowska, Alicja Dabrowska, Szymon Dziasek, Bartosz Lisicki, Katarzyna Skinderowicz, Bartosz Wilczynski, Piotr K Krajewski, Jacek C Szepietowski Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, PolandCorrespondence: Jacek C Szepietowski, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 1, Wroclaw, 50-368, Poland, Tel +48-601534853, Email jacek.szepietowski@umw.edu.plBackground: Hand eczema (HE) is a common inflammatory skin disease occurring in subjects of any age. Literature data on knowledge of HE in different age-groups are scarce.Purpose: To evaluate knowledge and attitudes related to HE among adolescents.Methods: A total of 258 high school students were invited to participate in this project. A specially designed questionnaire created on the base of previous studies was used to assess adolescents’ knowledge of HE. HE was self-reported answering the validated single question “Have you ever had hand eczema?&#x201DResults: Data from 243 students (94.2% response rate) were obtained for final analysis. There were 117 (48.1%) females and 126 (51.9%), males with a mean age of 16.0± 1.7 years. Sixty-eight students (28%) reported a personal history of HE, and 32.8% declared having knowledge of HE. More females than males (P=0.023) declared that they knew what HE was (39.3% and 26.2%, respectively). Hand cream was used on a regular basis by 49% of adolescents. Females used hand cream more frequently (P< 0.001) than males. No difference in declared knowledge of HE was found between subjects with and without a personal history of hand lesions. Students declaring having adequate knowledge of HE used hand cream more commonly (P=0.045).Conclusion: Although HE is a common disease in the general population, including adolescents, less than a third of subjects were aware of this entity. Almost half were using hand cream, but interestingly, personal history of HE did not increase the regular application of hand cream.Keywords: hand eczema, children, adolescents, knowledge

Limited daily practice data on the effect of abrocitinib in patients with atopic dermatitis are available. The aim of this multicentre prospective study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of abrocitinib in patients with atopic dermatitis treated in daily practice. In a subgroup, the effectiveness of abrocitinib on hand eczema was evaluated. A total of 103 patients from the BioDay registry were included in the study: week 4 (n = 95), week 16 (n = 61) and week 28 (n = 39). At week 28, the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI)-50/75/90 was achieved by 81.8%, 57.6%, and 18.2%, respectively, and the weekly average pruritus numerical rating scale ≤ 4 by 62.9%. The effectiveness of abrocitinib was not significantly different between dupilumab non-responders and dupilumab-naïve patients/responders, and between upadacitinib non-responders and upadacitinib-naïve patients/responders. Mean ± standard deviation Hand Eczema Severity Index decreased from 27.4 ± 27.7 at baseline to 7.7 ± 12.1 at week 28 (n = 31). Thirty-two patients (31.1%) discontinued treatment due to ineffectiveness (n = 17), adverse events (n = 9) or both (n = 3). The most frequently reported adverse event was nausea (n = 28). In conclusion, abrocitinib is an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis and can be effective for patients with previous inadequate response to dupilumab or upadacitinib. Furthermore, hand eczema can improve in patients treated with abrocitinib for atopic dermatitis.

Abstract is missing (Short communication)

Hand eczema is one of the most frequent dermatological diseases, with an incidence increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The impact on life quality is considerable, giving rise to the need for a psycho-dermatological approach. This is a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) evaluating, either by the dermatological or psychological point of view, the effectiveness of an emollient and rehydrating topical product (Rilastil Difesa Sterile® cream) versus a standard treatment (i.e. moisturizing basic cream) in a group of 51 healthcare workers suffering from hand eczema during the COVID-19 pandemic. The enrolled subjects were randomized into a treatment or a control arm, treated for 8 weeks, and monitored through a clinical score (HECSI) and questionnaires evaluating the impact of the pathology and treatment on quality of life (DLQI and QOLHEQ). A psychometric evaluation was performed using the SCL-90 R, OCI-R, and CPDI scales. Our data, despite not reaching the statistical significance, demonstrated that both the clinical and psychological scores decreased mostly in patients treated with Rilastil Difesa Sterile® cream when compared to those treated with simple topical emollients. Moreover, we observed a high level of psychic suffering in dermatological patients and a parallel change in dermatological and psychological indicators, thus confirming their connection.

Background: The role and causality of the microbial ecosystem on the skin in relation to the development of hand eczema (HE) is still unknown. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of different bacterial colonisations in HE patients and their association with the severity, symptoms and aetiology of the disease. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study of 167 HE patients, bacterial swabs from lesional skin were collected for culturing. Patients were categorised according to bacterial colonisation, HE severity, HE symptoms and HE aetiology. Results: The majority of the patients were tested positive for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (n = 131, 78.4%) and/or commensal skin flora (CSF; n = 130, 77.8%), while other bacteria species were found only sporadically. Severe HE was significantly more prevalent in skin with S. aureus (odds ratio [OR]: 5.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.21–11.94) and less common in skin with CSF (OR: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05–0.88). S. aureus colonisation was also associated with atopic HE aetiology (p < 0.001) and acute HE symptoms such as blisters, erosions and crusts (p = 0.003). Conclusions: The main colonisation of HE patients is with S. aureus and is associated with disease severity, acute HE symptoms and atopic HE aetiology. CSF is associated with mild HE, which could result in new therapeutic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An increased frequency of hand sanitizer use and washing hands with soap seems to increase the incidence of hand eczema (HE). Objectives: The aim was to analyze HE in nonmedical personnel, its severity, and the effect of hand sanitizer use on transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin capacitance. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2022. Subjects were recruited based on the study criteria with cluster random sampling method. Each subject's identity, data related to hand sanitizer use and handwashing, atopic stigmata, and duration of HE were documented. The severity of HE was assessed with the HE Severity Index (HECSI). TEWL and skin capacitance were measured with the Tewameter® TM 300 and Corneometer® CM 825 instruments. Results: Out of 240 subjects who were selected randomly, 24 normal subjects and 24 subjects with HE were recruited. The incidence of HE in nonmedical personnel using hand sanitizer was 10%, with a median disease duration of 22 weeks and a mean HECSI score of 9.25 ± 6.33. There was no significant difference in TEWL and skin capacitance between the groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant correlation between TEWL and skin capacitance with the HECSI score (P > 0.05). Subjects with HE washed their hands more frequently than subjects without HE (6 vs. 4.5 times per day; P 0.005). Conclusion: Most nonmedical personnel with HE had a mild form of the condition. There were no significant barrier function and skin hydration differences between the groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work-related skin conditions, including work-related irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, rank as the second most prevalent among work-related diseases. The most commonly reported manifestation of these conditions is hand eczema, which develops due to exposure to various substances in the workplace. Understanding the origins and triggers of eczema and contact dermatitis enables healthcare professionals to educate themselves and their patients about effective preventive measures, such as avoiding specific irritants and allergens, using protective equipment, and maintaining proper skincare hygiene. Additionally, this knowledge facilitates the development of new recommendations to enhance skin protection in work-related settings, regulate the use of substances known to cause work-related skin diseases, and provide healthcare practitioners with the necessary training to recognize and manage these conditions. Given that approximately one in every five healthcare workers is considered to have hand eczema, the objective of this study was to review the existing literature regarding the characteristics of eczema in healthcare workers. Furthermore, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate environmental and constitutional factors (including years of work experience involving exposure to skin hazards, frequent glove use, regular handwashing and water contact, frequent use of disinfectants and detergents, and a history of previous allergies and atopic dermatitis) that influence the occurrence and progression of eczema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of hand eczema, its association with disinfectant usage during the COVID-19 pandemic, and potential correlations with age and dermatological history on hand symptoms in the Polish female population. Methods: A personalized online questionnaire was administered from January to March 2021 to 142 participants, including individuals with hand eczema. The questionnaire addressed demographics, dermatological history, disinfectant usage, and symptoms experienced during the pandemic. Results: The prevalence of hand eczema was higher in younger adults (aged 18–35), with significant exacerbations reported due to increased disinfectant usage. Respondents with a dermatological history were more susceptible to new skin symptoms during the pandemic. The quality of life was substantially impacted, particularly in individuals with hand skin dermatoses. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic had a considerable influence on hand eczema, affecting prevalence, symptoms, and quality of life. Disinfectant usage emerged as a key factor in exacerbating hand skin lesions. Further research is warranted to explore the influence of specific disinfecting agents and improve treatment guidelines for personalized management of hand eczema. Despite limitations in the online survey method, these findings highlight the importance of proactive healthcare support for individuals with hand eczema during challenging times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hand eczema (HE) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a high prevalence, negatively influencing patients' quality of life (QoL). It may also affect patients' psychological status. The aim of this study was to assess and characterize the psychological burden of HE, its influence on patients' QoL, and the presence and severity of anxiety and depressive disorders in HE patients. Methods: The study group consisted of 100 adult HE individuals. To assess the severity of the disease, two instruments were used: the Investigator Global Assessment for Chronic Hand Eczema (IGA-CHE) scale and the Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI). Assessment of patients' quality of life (QoL) was obtained with the use of the DLQI tool. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaires were employed to assess depression and anxiety, respectively, as well as a modified version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-M). Results: The mean DLQI value for the whole group reached 11.62 ± 6.35 points (13.27 ± 6.67 points in females and 9.15 ± 4.95 points in males; p = 0.023). A decrease in QoL correlated positively with the severity of the disease and the severity of itch and pain. In 17 patients (17%), a possible diagnosis of depressive disorder was found. Patients scoring higher results on the PHQ-9 and HADS-M depression (D) questionnaires reported greater intensity of the itch (r = 0.363, p < 0.001, and r = 0.237, p = 0.017, respectively) and the pain (r = 0.445, p < 0.001, and r = 0.287, p = 0.004, respectively). The anxiety disorder might possibly be diagnosed in 25% of patients (n = 25). This study revealed a positive correlation between the severity of the anxiety symptoms, measured with the use of both GAD-7 and HADS-M anxiety (A) tools, and the intensity of the pain (r = 0.248, p = 0.013, and r = 0.342, p = 0.001, respectively). The severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms correlated positively with the severity of the disease. Conclusions: The psychosocial burden of HE is an undeniable phenomenon. The disorder influences patients' QoL and may cause mental disturbances such as depression and anxiety disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]