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The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the economy, particularly the downsizing of operations and retrenchment, which affected various sectors. Post-pandemic prompted a shift in the perspective; rather than waiting for jobs, it seems that individuals needed to become job creators. In this regard, the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is believed to be a prominent field of study that could facilitate graduates to become job creators. Nevertheless, some of graduates would not consider owning businesses after graduation, indicating the difficulty of becoming job creators. Therefore, this study emphasising TVET program built and validated a Talent Management Module (MTM) involving creation (Job Creator) based on the Cognitive Information Processing (CIP) theory. It comprised both quantitative and qualitative phases. First, a series of interviews were carried out to explore the perceptions of talent management (TM) among seven experts. Second, a quantitative study involving data interpretation analysis based on the validity of the module content was obtained using the interview technique. Third, the module content validation process involved seven experts comprising academics and Malaysian career academy entrepreneurs whose backgrounds included entrepreneurship and TVET. The results showed that nine variables were involved, namely 1) Communication, 2) Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills, 3) Teamwork Skills, 4) Continuous Learning and Information Management, 5) Entrepreneurial Skills, 6) Leadership Skills, 7) Professional Ethics and Moral, 8) Career Adaptability, and 9) Digital technology. Overall, MTM that was built in this study was consented to by the appointed experts. The development of this module might better be considered to encourage graduates to create prospective job creation that could reduce the unemployment rate. Therefore, the proposed MTM might be an appropriate solution to address unemployment through the identified import

Mata pelajaran Grafik Komunikasi Teknikal (GKT) diperkenalkan bagi tujuan melahirkan pelajar yang berpengetahuan, berkemahiran, serta mengembangkan kebolehan imaginatif, kreatif, dan inovatif supaya mereka dapat berkomunikasi melalui grafik dalam pelbagai bidang teknologi dengan berkesan dan penuh keyakinan. Namun, kajian mengenai cabaran dan keperluan pengajaran guru dalam mata pelajaran GKT belum dijalankan dengan sepenuhnya selepas diperkenalkan mulai tahun 2017. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti cabaran yang dihadapi oleh guru GKT dan keperluan mereka dalam pengajaran mata pelajaran ini. Responden kajian tinjauan ini terdiri daripada 217 orang guru GKT dari seluruh Malaysia. Kajian ini menggunakan instrumen borang soal selidik yang mengandungi soalan tertutup dan soalan terbuka. Maka, data yang dikumpulkan untuk soalan tertutup telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) versi 27 untuk memperoleh nilai skor min, sisihan piawai, kekerapan dan peratusan. Manakala, analisis tema telah dilakukan untuk soalan terbuka bagi cabaran pengajaran yang dihadapi dan keperluan guru dalam pengajaran GKT. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan cabaran pengajaran guru GKT adalah pada tahap sederhana rendah dengan skor min keseluruhan 3.17 dan sisihan piawai 0.659. Sebaliknya, tahap keperluan guru dalam pengajaran mata pelajaran GKT adalah tinggi dalam semua aspek termasuk alat bahan bantu mengajar, kursus pembangunan profesionalisme, kepelbagaian strategi pengajaran dan aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaran mengikut gaya pembelajaran dengan nilai min keseluruhan 4.31 dan sisihan piawai 0.634. Selain itu, analisis tema bagi soalan terbuka juga menunjukkan guru memerlukan kemudahan pengajaran asas yang mencukupi, alat bahan bantu mengajar yang menarik, kursus pembangunan profesionalisme, strategi pengajaran yang berkesan, serta peruntukan masa pengajaran dan bajet kewangan yang bersesuaian. Secara keseluruhan, pihak berkepentingan

Career planning and development a key factor that provides added value to career sustainability. Career development approaches have recently changed due to the fast-paced global change, competitive industry needs, demands, and global education trends. Traditionally, it was the responsibility of an institution to guarantee that its educators possessed the skills necessary to achieve its long-term objectives. Currently, however, educators should be accountable for their career growth. Therefore, a survey was conducted to discover predictors of development and career paling for TVET educators (n = 141). A multiple regression analysis was conducted for all sets of career planning variables such as career aspirations (88.48%), personal aspirations and drive (85.93%), current competency (86.00%), current learning and development opportunities (82.05%), and company support 87.45%) is measured. This study found changes in the predictor, personal aspirations and drive, current competency, current learning and development opportunities, and organization support are significantly associated with changes in career aspiration. The majority of TVET educators are aware and willing to improve their knowledge and skills to meet the standard of current changes in TVET education needs and demands. The finding indicated that a proven technique for meeting organizational and personnel demands includes creating career routes that allow TVET educators to comprehend their options for advancement within the institution and collecting information to assess their abilities for career relevancy and sustainability.

This study aims to develop a teaching tool called Easy Learning Basic Pattern for Beginners to solve problems that arise when students design patterns. The selected sample involved Form 4 students who took the Household Science subject to determine the effectiveness of this teaching aid innovation. A questionnaire containing 32 items was distributed to the respondents and analysed descriptively using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 23. The study found that students’ perceptions towards the proposed teaching aid are high in terms of understanding and interest in sewing. The results can help students to understand the steps to design patterns correctly and serves as one of the teaching aids that can be utilised by teachers in teaching sewing.

Women, especially married women are often associated with the dilemma of juggling the balance between career and family and there are statistics showing a declining number of female engineers. This study aims to obtain experts’ conformity on the instrument of Career Satisfaction among female engineers with families. The purpose of such instrument is to determine the factors that influence the level of career satisfaction among female engineers with families using the Modified Delphi technique. The technique is used to gather mutual agreement among experts in developing the items pertaining to Career Satisfaction. The development of instrument involved seven experts with relevant expertise, experience, and knowledge in the field of career and engineering. Findings from the first round (interviewing the experts) report for four main factors in achieving career satisfaction namely mentor, relationship with colleagues, gender equality, and salary. The study also suggests a method to determine the interquartile range via the Modified Delphi technique, which was conducted on the second round until a mutual agreement was achieved. Interquartile range refers to the value obtained from the questionnaire which was answered by the experts in order to determine the mutual values of the construct items and were analysed using the Microsoft Excel. The side factors have the potential to motivate and prompt individuals in achieving high satisfaction and inspiration in their career are Mentor, relationship with colleagues, gender equality, and salary.

The increase in requirement and complexity in managing construction projects has in-part compelled graduates to be highly capable and possessed adequate skills for them to perform well after graduating.  To equipped graduates with the required standard, the education curriculum has to be re-design and re-align to the needs of the industry.  However, to develop a structured and holistic curriculum, a proper reference framework need to be made available as a term of reference to ensure that the curriculum comprises all the necessary elements to prepare the graduates for the industry.  This paper aims to report on the perception of the industry practitioner and stakeholders on the currently available reference framework used as a term of reference for developing the Construction Management education and training program.  A qualitative approach using exploratory design has been adopted, which uses an open-ended questionnaire for data collection, drawing insight from experienced construction practitioners and the stakeholders.  The questionnaire has been distributed during the Association of Project Managers Malaysia (ACPM) ‘The Tarik’ session.  It has been found that the available reference framework only provides the key knowledge area in Construction Management.  It is found that the standards are insufficient and confusing and also not standardized and not integrated.  It has consequently created different perceptions of how Construction Management should be practice and thus create a variable in the Construction Management curriculum.  It is suggested that a more structured and holistic approach needs to be adapted to provide the 'know-how' of Construction Management, and a commonly recognized term of reference is needed to be made available to achieve the desired outcome.

Issue of skilled and knowledge worker is an issue that frequently discussed among agricultural training institutions and employers in the sector. It is viewed seriously by Malaysian government through Agrofood Policy 2011-2015 by emphasizing agricultural workers that are highly skilled and knowledgeable to assist Malaysia achieves high-income developed nation status. However, what are the characteristics of those high skilled and knowledge workers? This question is the base of this research. By using qualitative approach, modified Delphi technique / method is chosen as the research framework. Eleven experts from various stakeholders such as agriculture lecturer, leaders of agricultural training institutions, agricultural instructor and agricultural industry employer in Malaysia. Finding reveals ten characteristics of k-workers that are needed to enable them to have high employability skill in order to satisfy / fulfil national requirement of skilled workforce. This finding can be used as a measurement basis for employability skill level of labour market in agricultural sector in Malaysia.

The purpose of this research is to identify the key elements of an employability skill which is important and should be mastered by trainee teachers in the field of technical and vocational education as well as to produce instruments measuring their employability skills. These instruments can also be used to identify the extent to which lecturers integrate the skills employability that is important in the student. Modified Delphi Techniques and  Rasch model approach was used to examine the reliability, validity and suitability of individual items. The final instrument  of employability skills measurement among trainees in technical and vocational education field has been verified which encompasses nine key elements of employability skills consists communication skills , critical and creative thinking, information management, teamwork and collaboration, self-management, professional ethics and morals, leadership, entrepreneurship and social skills and representing 81 skills items. Verily, all these elements of employability skills need to be mastered by graduates in order to produce highly qualified and competitive professionals teachers.

High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is an important aspect of teaching and learning. One's thinking can affect learning ability, learning speed and effectiveness of learning. The weakness in implementing HOTS is the reason for a student not creative in solving all the problems that arise. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of HOTS’s Self-Instructional Manual (SIM) in teaching and learning for assignment achievement among polytechnic students. This study uses a quantitative approach and the Quasi Experimental design - “Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Comparison Group Design” consisting of one Treatment Group (TG) and one Control Group (CG) involving 78 students at Polytechnic of Sultan Abdul Halim Muad'zam Shah. The assignment evaluation rubric was modified to assess the level of student assignment achievement. The findings showed that most of the students for TG and CG achieved good result in the individual pre assignment. Additionally, there is a significant difference mean scores of individual post assignment between TG and CG. Students for TG achieved excellent result in the individual post assignments. However, students for CG only achieved good result in the individual post assignments. This means that HOTS Self-Instructional Manual has a significant impact on the student assignments achievement. Therefore, we encourage all students of higher education institutions to use Self-Instructional Manual in teaching and learning in order to score better achievement especially in the course work

Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti kesediaan, penerimaan dan pengoperasian guru Reka Bentuk dan Teknologi terhadap amalan dalam Pentaksiran Berasaskan Sekolah (PBS). PBS merupakan satu pentaksiran yang bersifat holistik iaitu menilai aspek kognitif (intelek), afektif (emosi dan rohani) dan psikomotor (jasmani) selaras dengan Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan dan Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (KSSR). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan amalan PS terhadap guru Reka Bentuk dan Teknologi di sekolah kebangsaan negeri-negeri di zon selatan iaitu Negeri Sembilan, Melaka dan Johor. Elemen yang akan dikaji ialah tahap amalan guru dalam pelaksanaan PS. Jenis persampelan yang digunakan adalah persampelan rawak mudah dimana sampel kajian adalah seramai 275 orang guru yang terdiri daripada guru yang mengajar murid Tahun 4, 5 dan 6 dari 275 buah sekolah yang telah dipilih. Instrumen kajian yang digunakan adalah borang soal selidik yang diedarkan kepada responden. Sebanyak 12 item soal selidik telah dibina dan telah melalui proses kesahan dan kebolehpercayaan. Amalan guru sebelum, semasa dan selepas melaksanakan pentaksiran adalah baik masing-masing dengan min 3.9673, 4.0029 dan 4.0218. Data yang telah dikumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian Statistical Packages For Social Science (SPSS). Secara keseluruhannya, dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa amalan guru dalam melaksanakan Pentaksiran Sekolah berada di tahap yang baik dengan min keseluruhan ialah 4.0048 dan sisihan piawai .57239. Semoga dari hasil kajian ini sedikit sebanyak dapat membantu para guru dalam melaksanakan Pentaksiran Sekolah dengan lebih baik lagi.

The Standard Based Curriculum for Secondary School (KSSM) has been implemented in 2017 by replacing the Integrated Secondary School Curriculum (KBSM). One of the newly introduced subjects is Design and Technology (RBT) which emphasis on inventive problem-solving skills that to be learned by form 2 students by the year 2018. This paper focuses on the process of inventive problem solving that consists of four main phases based on the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ). TRIZ is widely applied in many fields and giant companies, from engineering to business and management. The four main phases of inventive problem solving in the context of RBT are: First phase, identifying the problem root cause (function analysis); Second phase, model of problem (physical contradiction); Third phase, selecting the solution tool (space or time separation method); and Fourth phase, model of solution (Inventive principles). It is hoped that this paper will help and give a holistic and analytic explanation for RBT teachers in Malaysia.

Every single person on earth has the right to obtain employment that would provide a better quality of life. The hearing impaired must also have this opportunity. As such, this preliminary review has been conducted to study the employability level of hearing impaired graduates amongst the vocational graduates. 96 hearing impaired individuals who are under employment have taken part in the survey by answering the questionnaire given online. The data was analyzed descriptively by using SPSS to obtain the percentages & frequencies. Overall, the preliminary survey came to the conclusion that hearing impaired individuals face employability challenges such as not having compatible acquired skills in connection with current employment, communication difficulties, longer length of time to secure employment and lower monthly salary. At the same time, a focus group interview was also carried out with seven hearing impaired graduates. As a result of these interviews, it is discovered that the hearing impaired face difficulty in the process of seeking employment and are dissatisfied with the different treatment given compared to those who are not handicapped. The hearing impaired have also agreed to develop a employability model that reflects the employability elements that’s specifically designed for them. In conclusion, the employability level of hearing impaired graduates is still unsatisfactory and needs to be improved. Hence, it is imperative to conduct more extensive research into the graduates' employability in terms of employability skills, self-evaluation and discrimination in the work place.

Clothing Fashion Design Competency (CFaDC) instrument has been developed to measure the knowledge of instructors in order to become an educator who can implement effective teaching processes, as well as master various competencies to deliver the teachings according to the academic standards. This study aims to determine item/respondent reliability index, item/respondent separation index, item polarity, item difficulty level and respondents’ ability, as well as unidimensionality. A total of 330 instructors in the field of fashion and clothing have answered the CFaDC instrument. The instrument consists of 5 constructs, namely design knowledge, clothing construction, clothing selection, clothing care and textiles. The validation of the instrument applied psychometric characteristics of assessment procedures using Rasch measurement model. The findings showed that the item reliability index was high and acceptable. Meanwhile, respondents’ ability level could be divided into two levels in this study. Moreover, it was found that there was no second dimension in measuring the constructs in CFaDC instrument. The results revealed that out of 85 items, 54 items were retained, whereas 31 items were detected as misfits and should be dropped so that this instrument is fair and reliable to all respondents. The results of this study will be pointing towards the stability of standard of competencies for Clothing Fashion (CFaD) program in order for the program to always be updated and in tandem with the needs of today’s clothing and apparel industry.

A latest fashion and clothing instrument that has high validity and reliability can serve as a predictor in measuring the competency of lecturers in the field of fashion. Indirectly, with this instrument, it is expected to improve the competency content that still needs to be explored and refined. Apart from that, this kind of exploration opens up new opportunities to enrich theories and models in the fashion and clothing field. This study aims to validate the knowledge competency scale of fashion and clothing among lecturers. The questionnaires consisted of 45 items, ranging from multiple choice questions to matching questions, right and wrong questions, and fill-in-blank questions. The validation of the constructs was carried out in two phases, firstly, using the Rasch Measurement Model (RMM), and secondly using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Results from the RMM analysis showed that there were 18 misfit items that needed to be removed. Additionally, through the CFA (convergent and discriminant validity), the instrument recorded a consistent internal validity scales of good, acceptable, and fit to the model. All four sub-constructs were also recorded as having high validity, since the overall model showed a good and acceptable fit. In the regard, the scale was deemed successful in fulfilling the psychometric standard and the instrument was adequately stable and could be used at any given time for samples that possessed the same oral most the same criteria.