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Tumor malignancy highly depends on the stiffness of tumor matrix, which mainly consists of collagen. Despite the destruction of tumor matrix is conducive to tumor therapy, it causes the risk of tumor metastasis. Here, metal‐anesthetic network‐coated dormant collagenase‐producing Clostridium is constructed to simultaneously destruct tumor matrix and inhibit tumor metastasis. By metal‐phenolic complexation and π–π stacking interactions, a Fe3+‐propofol network is formed on bacterial surface. Coated dormant Clostridium can selectively germinate and rapidly proliferate in tumor sites due to the ability of carried Fe3+ ions to promote bacterial multiplication. Intratumoral colonization of Clostridium produces sufficient collagenases to degrade tumor collagen mesh and the loaded propofol restrains tumor metastasis by inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion. Meanwhile, the delivered Fe3+ ions are reduced to the Fe2+ form by intracellular glutathione, thereby inducing potent Fenton reaction to trigger lipid peroxidation and ultimate ferroptosis of tumor cells. In addition to a satisfactory safety, a single intratumoral injection of coated dormant Clostridium not only effectively retards the growth of established large primary tumors, but also significantly suppresses distal lung metastasis in two different orthotopic tumor models. This work proposes a strategy to develop advanced therapeutics for malignant tumor treatment and metastasis prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

S-scheme Fe2O3/g–C3N4 heterojunctions were successfully fabricated by the ultrasonic assistance method to remove norfloxacin (NOR) under visible light irradiation. The synthesized catalysts were well studied through various techniques. The obtained Fe2O3/g–C3N4 heterojunctions exhibited an optimal photocatalytic degradation of 94.7% for NOR, which was 1.67 and 1.28 times higher than using Fe2O3 and g–C3N4 alone, respectively. In addition, the kinetic constant of NOR removal with Fe2O3/g–C3N4 composites was about 0.6631 h−1, and NOR photo-deegradation was still 86.7% after four cycles. The enhanced photocatalytic activity may be mainly attributed to the formation of S-scheme Fe2O3/g–C3N4 heterojunctions with built-in electric fields, which were beneficial to the separation and transfer of photostimulated charge carriers. Furthermore, a possible photo-degradation mechanism of NOR for S-scheme Fe2O3/g–C3N4 heterojunctions is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

College students shoulder the heavy responsibility of the times and are the key to improving the quality of the people. The strategic goal of "Healthy China" has put forward higher requirements for general education courses in universities. Immunity and Health is a general education course offered by Shandong University for the entire school. While optimizing teaching content in the classroom to achieve knowledge goals, it guides students to think about the emotional value behind knowledge, improve immune intelligence, and thus achieve the mission of cultivating talents for the construction of a "Healthy China". This article explores the development process of the teaching mode of "Immunity and Health", which has important practical significance for enhancing general education in universities and promoting the purpose of "advocating a healthy and civilized lifestyle, shaping self-discipline and healthy behavior" in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of temperature-sensitive sensors upgraded by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) represents a significant stride in enhancing performance and tailoring thermoresponsiveness. In this study, an array of temperature-responsive electrochemical sensors modified with different PNIPAM-based copolymer films were fabricated via a "coating and grafting" two-step film-forming technique on screen-printed platinum electrodes (SPPEs). Chemical composition, grafting density, equilibrium swelling, surface wettability, surface morphology, amperometric response, cyclic voltammograms, and other properties were evaluated for the modified SPPEs, successively. The modified SPPEs exhibited significant changes in their properties depending on the preparation concentrations, but all the resulting sensors showed excellent stability and repeatability. The modified sensors demonstrated favorable sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide and L-ascorbic acid. Furthermore, notable temperature-induced variations in electrical signals were observed as the electrodes were subjected to temperature fluctuations above and below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The ability to reversibly respond to temperature variations, coupled with the tunability of PNIPAM's thermoresponsive properties, opens up new possibilities for the design of sensors that can adapt to changing environments and optimize their performance accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immune system imbalances contribute to the pathogenesis of several different diseases, and immunotherapy shows great therapeutic efficacy against tumours and infectious diseases with immune‐mediated derivations. In recent years, molecules targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) immune checkpoint have attracted much attention, and related signalling pathways have been studied clearly. At present, several inhibitors and antibodies targeting PD‐1 have been utilized as anti‐tumour therapies. However, increasing evidence indicates that PD‐1 blockade also has different degrees of adverse side effects, and these new explorations into the therapeutic safety of PD‐1 inhibitors contribute to the emerging concept that immune normalization, rather than immune enhancement, is the ultimate goal of disease treatment. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in PD‐1 research with regard to immune normalization and targeted therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the incorporation of transition‐metal ions into lead‐free double perovskite has garnered considerable attention for improving the lattice environment and enhancing photoluminescence (PL) to achieve white light emission. Here, Sb/X (Mn, Er, Ho) co‐doped Cs2NaInCl6 (CNIC) microcrystals (MCs) synthesized by conventional hydrothermal method are developed for single‐component white light emission with various photoinduced transition mechanisms. Sb doping in CNIC MCs causes the breaking of non‐parity forbidden transition under 360 nm laser excitation and results in blue emission; Sb/X co‐doping for CNIC MCs successfully broadens the spectrum with multi‐peak emission, which consists of unique X‐peak emission and blue emission peaked at 445 nm. The energy transfer channels from both free excitons state of CNIC and self‐trapping excitons (STEs) state of [SbCl6]3− to X ion are proved and studied by use of steady‐state and time‐resolved PL spectroscopy. Among them, Sb/Er co‐doped CNIC MCs show unique dual‐mode PL under 360 and 980 nm laser excitation. Single‐component white light emitting diode is successfully fabricated by adjusting the composition of Sb/X co‐doped CNIC MCs, which provides an alternative path for realizing single‐component white light illumination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]